Acid and Base Review

1. Which of the following experimental test would distinguish 0.10 M strong acid from 0.10 M
weak acid?
A. electrical conductivity
B. effect on phenolphthalein
C. effect on thymolphthalein
D. ability to neutralize NaOH (J1, K2)

2. Which of the following is a property of both acids and bases in aqueous solution?
A. sour taste
B. slippery feel
C. electrical conductivity
D. reaction with Na2CO3 to produce CO2 (J2)

3. The NET ionic equation for the neutralization of acetic acid by sodium hydroxide is
(J3)

4. A substance which produces hydrogen ions in solution is the definition of

A. an Arrhenius acid.
B. an Arrhenius base.
C. a Brönsted-Lowry acid.
D. a Brönsted-Lowry base. (J4)

5. Which one of the following defines Bronsted-Lowry acids and bases?

A. Acids accept H+; bases donate H+
B. Acids donate H+; bases accept H+
C. Acids donate H+; bases donate H+
D. Acids contain H+; bases contain OH- (J6)

6. In the reaction:
NH4+ + H2O ↔ H3O+ + NH3
H2O is acting as a
A. Bronsted-Lowry acid donating protons
B. Bronsted-Lowry base donating protons
C. Bronsted-Lowry acid accepting protons
D. Bronsted-Lowry base accepting protons (J7, K12)
7. H3O+ in an aqueous solution can be represented as
A. H+
B. B. OH-
C. H2O
D. HOH (J9)

8. The conjugate base of OH- is

A. H2O
B. B. H3O+
C. H2
D. O-2 (J11)

9. The solution with the lowest electrical conductivity is

A. 0.10M H2S
B. 0.10M HNO2
C. 0.10M H2SO3
D. 0.10M NH4Cl (K1)

10. Consider the following:

I. H2SO4
II. HSO4-
III. SO4-2

Which of the above is/are present in a reagent bottle labelled 1.0M H2SO4?
A. I only
B. I and II only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III (K3)

11. The solution with the lowest pH is

A. 1. 0M HF
B. 1.0M HCN
C. 1.0M HCOOH
D. 1. 0M CH3COOH (K6)

12. Consider the following equilibria:

HTe- + HSe- ↔ H2Te + Se2-
HTe- + Se2- ↔ HSe- + Te2-
Reactants are favoured in both equilibria. The order of acids from strongest to weakest is
A. HTe- , HSe- , H2Te
B. HSe- , H2Te, HTe-
C. H2Te, HTe- , HSe-
D. H2Te, HSe- , HTe- (K8)
13. Which statement correctly describes the [H3O+] in 0.10 M solutions of H3BO3 and H2S?

A. The [H3O+] is less in H3BO3 since H3BO3 is a stronger acid than H2S
B. The [H3O+] is less in H3BO3 since H3BO3 is a weaker acid than H2S
C. The [H3O+] is greater in H3BO3 since H3BO3 is a stronger acid than H2S
D. The [H3O+] is equal both solutions since H3BO3 and H2S are weak acids (K9)

14. Consider the following:

ION
I. HCO3-
II. H2PO4-
III. CH3COO-
The amphiprotic ions are
A. I and II only.
B. I and III only.
C. II and III only.
D. I, II, III. (K11)

15. The equilibrium expression for the ion product constant of water is: (L2)

16. Consider the following system at equilibrium

H2O + H2O ↔ H3O+ + OH-
The addition of HCl to the above system would cause a
A. shift left resulting in a decrease in [OH-]
B. shift left resulting in an increase in [OH-]
C. shift right resulting in a decrease in [OH-]
D. shift right resulting in a increase in [OH-] (L3)
17. Consider the following:
TEMPERATURE Kw
25°C 1.0 x 10-14
50°C 5.5 x 10-14
When water is heated,
A. [H3O+] and [OH-] both increase.
B. [H3O+] and [OH-] both decrease.
C. [H3O+] increases and [OH-] decreases.
D. [H3O+] decreases and [OH-] increases. (L6)

18. At 25oC, the pH of an aqeuous solution is always equal to

A. pOH
B. 14 – pOH
C. 14 + pOH
D. pOH – 14 (L11)

19. The pH of 100 mL of 0.20 M NaOH is

A. 0.70
B. 1.30
C. 12.30
D. 13.30 (L12)

20. (M1)

21. In water, the hydrogen sulphide ion, HS–, will act as

A. an acid because the Ka < Kb
B. an acid because the Ka > Kb
C. a base because the Ka < Kb
D. a base because the Ka > Kb (M2)
22. The value of Kb for H2PO4- is:
A. 1.3 x 10-12
B. 6.2 x 10-8
C. 1.6 x 10-7
D. 7.5 x 10-3 (M4)

23. Which of the following represents the dissociation of NaHCO3 in water?

a. NaHCO3 → NaOH + CO2
b. NaHCO3 → Na+ + HCO3-
c. NaHCO3 + OH- → Na+ + CO3-2 + H2O
d. NaHCO3 + H2O → Na+ + CO3-2 + H3O+ (N1)

24. The net ionic equation for the hydrolysis of NH4ClO4 is (N2)

25. Which of the following solutions has a pH less than 7.00?

A. NaCl
B. LiOH
C. NH4NO3
D. KCH3COO (N3)

26. Which of the following represents the predominant reaction between HCO3- and water?
(N4)
27. A solution of known concentration is the definition of a
A. buffer solution.
B. neutral solution.
C. standard solution.
D. saturated solution. (P1)

28. Which of the following titrations will always have an equivalence point at a pH < 7.00?A.
weak acid with a weak base
B. strong acid with a weak base
C. weak acid with a strong base
D. strong acid with a strong base (P1)

29. Which of the following indicators should be used when titrating a weak acid with a strong
base?
A. methyl violet
B. methyl orange
C. phenolphthalein
D. indigo carmine (P1)

30. The following data were collected when titrating 25.00 mL samples of HCl with 0.511 M
NaOH.
Trial Final Burette Reading (mL) Initial Burette Reading (mL)
1 27.60 1.06
2 26.21 0.04
3 27.22 1.03
Using the above data, the [HCl] is
A. 0.511 M
B. 0.535 M
C. 0.538 M
D. 0.552 M (P2)

31. What volume of 0.100 M NaOHis required to completely neutralize

15.00 mL of 0.100 M H3PO4 ?
A. 5.00 mL
B. 15.0 mL
C. 30.0 mL
D. 45.0 mL (P3)

32. What is the pH of the solution formed when 0.060 moles NaOH is
added to 1.00 L of 0.050 M HCl?
A. 2.00
B. 7.00
C. 12.00
D. 12.78 (P5)
33. An indicator HIn is found to establish the following equilibrium:
HIn ↔ H+ + In-
When the indicator was added to buffer solutions of various pH values, the following data
were collected:
Buffer pH Indicator Colour
2 Yellow
4 Yellow
6 Yellow
8 Yellow
10 Green
12 Blue
At pH 10,
A. [H+] = Ka
B. [H+] = pH
C. [H+] = [In-]
D. [H+] = [HIn] (O2)

34. The indicator HIn has a yellow acid form and a red base form. The equation of ionization
is:
HIn ↔ H+ + In-
When KOH is added to the above system, the equilibrium
A. shifts left and red is observed
B. shifts right and red is observed
C. shifts left and yellow is observed
D. shifts right and yellow is observed (O3)

35. Consider the following data:

Indicator Colour of Acid Colour of Ka Value
Form Base Form
A Red Yellow 1.0 x 10-3
B Yellow Blue 1.0 x 10-9
At pH of 7.0 the predominant colour of
A. indicator A and indicator B will be yellow
B. indicator A will be red and indicator B will yellow
C. indicator A will be yellow and indicator B will be blue
D. indicator A will be orange and indicator B will be green (O4)

36. Which indicator has a Ka 1.0 x 10-6. ?

A. neutral red
B. thymol blue
C. thymolphthalein
D. chlorophenol red (O5)
37. A student prepares a buffer by placing ammonium chloride in a solution of ammonia.
Equilibrium is established according to the equation:
NH3 + H2O ↔ NH4+ + OH-
When a small amount of base is added to the buffer, the base reacts with the
A. NH3 and the pH decreases.
B. NH4+ and the pH decreases.
C. NH3 to keep the pH relatively constant.
D. NH4+ to keep the pH relatively constant. (Q1, Q5)

38. Which one of the following combinations would act as an acidic buffer?
A. HCl and NaOH
B. KOH and KBr
C. NH3and NH4Cl
D. CH3COOH and NaCH3COO (Q2)

39. A buffer solution can be prepared by combining equal moles of a

A. strong acid and a strong base.
B. weak acid and its conjugate base.
C. strong base and its conjugate acid.
D. strong acid and its conjugate base. (Q3)

40. A basic solution can be prepared from

A. NO
B. SrO
C. CO2
D. SO3 (R1)

41. Which of the following could be the pH of a sample of acid rain?

A. 0
B. 4
C. 7
D. 10 (R2)

42. Normal rain water free from industrial pollutants has a pH of approximately 6.4 as a result
of dissolved:
A. H2
B. O2
C. H2O
D. CO2 (R3)

43. Which of the following oxides would form the most acidic solution if dissolved in water?
A. SO3
B. CO2
C. MgO
D. Na2O (R4)
 Acid Base Review - Written
1. A 1.0 M unknown solution was analyzed and the following was observed:

Classify the unknown as an acid or base indicating whether it is weak or strong.

Justify your answer using the data provided. (2 marks) (J2, K2, O3)

2. Consider the reaction between HCO3- and HC2O4-.

a) Write the equation for the predominant reaction. (1 mark) (K6)
b) Identify the Brönsted-Lowry acids in the reaction above. (1 mark) (J7)
c) Explain why products are favoured in the reaction above. (1 mark) (K8)

3. a) Define the term amphiprotic. (1 mark) (K10)

b) Give an example of an amphiprotic anion. (1 mark) (K11)

4. In aqueous solutions, H3O+ is the strongest acid present. This phenomenon is called the
leveling effect. Explain why this occurs. (K7)

5. a) The ionization of water is an endothermic process. What happens to the value of Kw

as water is heated? Explain. (2 marks) (L6)
b) What happens to the pH of pure water as the temperature increases? (L10)
c) As the temperature of pure water rises, will the water become more acidic, more
basic, or remain neutral? (1 mark) (L4)

6. Calculate the pH of a solution prepared by dissolving 0.050 mol of NaOH in enough water
to make 500.0 mL of solution. (2 marks) (L11)
7. A chemist pipettes 25.00 mL of 0.15 M HCl into a 100.0 mL volumetric flask. Then she
adds water to the mark. Calculate the pH of this solution. (L11)

8. Calculate the pH in 100.0 mL of 0.400 M H3BO3. (M3)

9. An acid is known to be either iodic, nitrous, ethanoic (acetic) or benzoic. A 0.200 M

solution of this acid is found to have a pH of 2.44. Using this data and appropriate
calculations, identify this acid. (4 marks) (M5)

10. a) Write two equations representing the acidic and basic hydrolysis of NaHSO3 (s).
(2 marks) (N2)
b) Use calculations to determine if the solution is acidic or basic. (2 marks) (N4)

11. The salt Na2CO3 undergoes hydrolysis to produce a basic solution. Calculate the [OH-] in
0.100 M Na2CO3 . (4 marks) (N3, M3)

12. A student titrated a 25.00 mL sample of a 0.20 M HX (unknown) acid with 0.20 M NaOH.
The following data were collected.

Volume of base pH
added (mL)
0.00 2.72
10.00 4.57
24.90 7.14
24.99 8.14
25.00 8.88
25.01 9.60
26.00 11.59
35.00 12.52

a) Describe the acid HX as strong or weak. Support your answer with two observations
from the data table. (3 marks) (P6)
b) Select an appropriate indicator for this titration and identify the colour at the
equivalence point. (1 mark) (P1)
c) Explain why you chose this indicator. (P1)

13. A solution of NaOH is used to neutralize separate solutions of HF and HBr.

a) Write the net ionic equation for the neutralization of HF. (1 mark) (P4)
b) Write the net ionic equation for the neutralization of HBr. (1 mark) (P4)

14. Calculate the pH of the solution formed by mixing 20.0 mL of 0.500 M HCl
with 30.0 mL 0.300 M NaOH. (P5)

15. Explain why ‘normal’ rain water is slightly acidic. Use an equation to support your
answer. (2 marks) (R3)

16. Calculate the mass of solid NaOH needed to neutralize 250.0 mL

of 0.125 M H2C2O4 . (3 marks) (P2)
17. In a titration, 25.00 mL of 0.10 M HCl was neutralized by slowly adding 50.00 mL
of 0.10 M NaOH.
Sketch the titration curve for the reaction and label:
– the initial pH of the HCl,
– the volume of NaOH required to neutralize the HCl, and
– the pH at the equivalence point. (4 marks) (P1, P3, P6)

18. 10.00 mL of sulfuric acid is titirated against 0.2034 M sodium hydroxide. The following
data was collected for this titration:

Trial Final Volume Initial Volume Volume Used

1 21.32 mL 1.50 mL 19.82 mL
2 41.06 mL 21.08 mL 19.98 mL
3 42.03 mL 22.09 mL 19.94 mL
AVERAGE

a. Complete the above table: (1)

b. Calculate the concentration of the acid. (3) (P2)