Introduction To Ict
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sadafrashid2000Introduction To Ict
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sadafrashid2000ICT
ICT stands for Information and Communication Technology. It refers to the use of technology to
manage, process, and communicate information. ICT includes a wide range of technologies, such
as computers, the internet, mobile phones, and other digital devices. It encompasses the
hardware, software, and services that enable the creation, storage, retrieval, and exchange of
information. ICT, or Information and Communication Technology, refers to the use of
technology to manage, process, and communicate information. This includes hardware, such as
computers, mobile devices, and networks, as well as software, such as applications, programs,
and operating systems.
What Are The Components Of An ICT System?
An ICT system is a unified setup of electronic systems that facilitates communication between
two individuals or groups who are at different places. It combines hardware, software, data and
people. It integrates each of these components to transform data into usable, accessible
information. The individual components of ICT work together to input, process, output, give
feedback and control the dissemination of data. The five major components of ICT are:
Hardware
Hardware denotes the physical and tangible elements of an electronic system. These include
input and output devices, processing units, storage devices, operating systems and output and
media devices. A few examples of hardware include:
Smartphones
Telecommunication devices and networks
Laptops
Supercomputers
Home appliances
Cameras
Monitors
Printers
Software
Software includes computer programmes and applications necessary for the hardware to
function. There are two major types of software - application software and system software.
Application software helps users perform a specific task like browsing, shopping or listening to
music. System software includes operating systems that help the hardware function. It also
includes programmes that support an application software. Examples of software include:
Operating systems
Search engines
Game engines
Firmware
Word processing applications
Spreadsheets
Communication technology
Communication technology refers to the tools that send, receive and process information. As
technology advances, faster communication technologies become available to every market and
industry. Some examples of communication technologies are:
Digital television
Digital radio
Internet
Broadband
Wired and wireless networks
E-mail
Mobile phones
Data
Data refers to a raw set of facts and statistics a business collects as part of its internal and
external operations. While the raw data may not be useful, it becomes usable information when
the business presents it in an organised manner. Information can have a meaning, context,
purpose and relevance for the business. Management can make short-term and long-term
decisions for the benefit of a business using this information. Examples of business data are:
Number of customer enquiries
Number of customer complaints
People
People are the professional and qualified personnel who involve in designing, maintaining and
operating an ICT system. Their duties include inputting and storing data, troubleshooting,
training employees for using ICT systems, creating backups of valuable business
information and updating licences. This also includes professionals like system, database and
network administrators who monitor and maintain an ICT system. System analysts, programmers
and Chief Information Officers are other important contributors to an ICT system.
How Does ICT Add Value To A Business?
A business can derive significant value and benefits by integrating ICT systems into its
operations. Automation, the internet of things, artificial intelligence and machine learning have
the potential to affect the daily lives of individuals and businesses. The domains of education,
retail, transportation, finance, insurance, manufacturing and infrastructure use ICT extensively.
Technology is vital for effective communication between individuals, departments, clients and
stakeholders.