Algebra Of Matrice

ASSIGNMENT-1

1. A matrix has 12 elements. What are the possible orders it can have?
4 −2 1 3
2. If A = [aij] is a matrix given by A = [aij] = ! 5 7 9 6 , write the order of A and find
21 15 18 −25
the elements a24, a34. Also, show that a32 = a23 + a24.
("#$%)!
3. Construct a 2 x 2 matrix A=[aij] whose elements are given by aij = $
"'%
4. Construct a 2 x 3 matrix A=[aij] whose elements are given by aij = "#%

5. Construct a 3 x 2 matrix A=[aij] whose elements are given by

(i) aij = eix sin j x
(
(ii) aij = e-ix cos - $ 𝑖 + 𝑗𝑥2
x − y 2x + w 5 3
6. Find x, y, z and w such that 3 7=9 :.
2x − y 2x + w 12 15
a+b 2 6 2
7. If 9 :=9 :, find the values of a and b.
5 ab 5 8
8. For what values of x and y are the following matrices equal?
2x + 1 3y x + 3 y $ + 27
A=3 7, B = 3
0 y $ − 5y 0 −6

2 3 −5 0 5 1
9. If A = 9 : and B = 9 :, find A + B and A – B.
1 2 −1 −2 7 3
2 −1 1 4
10. If A = 9 : and B = 9 :, find 3A – 2B.
3 1 7 2
11. If A = diag (l -1 2) and B = diag (2 3 -l), find A + B, 3A + 4B.
cos 𝜃 sin 𝜃 sin 𝜃 −cos 𝜃
12. Simplify: cos 𝜃 9 : + sin 𝜃 9 :
− sin 𝜃 cos 𝜃 cos 𝜃 sin 𝜃
7 0 3 0
13. Find X and Y, if X + Y = 9 : and X – Y = 9 :.
2 5 0 3
2 3 3 −6
14. Find a matrix A, if A + 9 :=9 :.
−1 4 −3 8
x z 1 −1 3 5
15. Find x, y, z, if 2 9y t : + 3 9 :=39 :.
0 2 4 6
16. Find non – zero values of x satisfying the matrix equation:
2x 2 8 5x $
x9 :+29 : = 2 9x + 8 24:
3 x 4 4x 10 6x
17. if A, Band Care three matrices of the same order, then prove that

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 A = B ⇒ A + C = B + C.
−1 2 3 −2
18. Find a matrix X such that 2A + B + X = O, where A = 9 : and, B = 9 :.
3 4 1 5
−2 2 0 2 0 −2
19. Find a matrix A such that 2A – 3B + 5C = O, where B = 9 : and C = 9 :.
3 1 4 7 1 6
x$ x −2
20. Solve the matrix equation 3 $ 7 - 3 92y: = 9 :.
y 9
21. Two farmers Ram Kishan and Gurcharan Singh cultivate only three varities of rice namely
Basmati, Permal and Naura. The sale (in Rs) of these varities of rice by both the farmers in the
month of September and October are given by the following matrices A and B,
September sales (in Rs.)
Basmati Permal Naura
10,000 20,000 30,000 𝑅𝑎𝑚 𝐾𝑖𝑠ℎ𝑎𝑛
A=9 :
50,000 30,000 10,000 𝐺𝑢𝑟𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑛 𝑆𝑖𝑛𝑔ℎ
October sales (in Rs.)
Basmati Permal Naura
5,000 10,000 6,000 𝑅𝑎𝑚 𝐾𝑖𝑠ℎ𝑎𝑛
3 7
20,000 10,000 10,000 𝐺𝑢𝑟𝑢𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑛 𝑆𝑖𝑛𝑔ℎ
Find:
(i) What were the combined sales in September and October for each farmer in each variety.
(ii) What was the change in sales from September to October?
(iii) If both farmers receive 2% profit engross rupees sales, compute the profit for each farmer
and for each variety sold in October.
ASSIGNMENT-2

a h g x
1. If A, B, C are three matrices such that A = [x y z], B = !h b f ,, C = [y\, find ABC.
g f c z
1 −1 2 1
2. If A = 9 :, B = 9 :, prove that (A + B)2 ≠ A2 + 2AB + B2.
2 3 1 0
1 −1 a 1
3. If A = 9 :, B = 9 : and (A + B)2 = A2 + B2, find a and b.
2 −1 b −1
0 1
4. If A = 9 :, find x and y such that (xI + yA)2 = A.
−1 0
α 0 1 0
5. If A = 9 : and B = 9 :, find the values of 𝛼 for which A2 = B.
1 1 5 1
2 −1 5 2 2 5
6. Let A = 9 :, B = 9 :, C = 9 :.
3 4 7 4 3 8

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 1 3 2 1
7. Find the value of x such that [1 x ]
1 ! 2 5 1, !2, = 0.
15 3 2 x
1 0 1 0
8. If A = 9 : and I = 9 :, then find k so that A2 = 8A + kI.
−1 7 0 1
2 −1 −1 −8 −10
9. If ! 1 0 , A = ! 1 −2 −5 ,, find A.
−3 4 9 22 15
2 0 1
10. Let f (x) = x2 – 5x + 6. Find f(A), if A = !2 1 3,.
1 −1 0
3 1
11. If A = 9 :, show that A2 – 5A + 7I2 = O.
−1 2
12. There are two families A and B. There are4men, 6 women and 2 children in family A and 2
men, 2 women and 4 children in family B. The recommended daily allowance for calories is :
Man : 2400, woman : 1900, child : 1800 and for proteins is : Man : 55 gm, woman : 45 gm and
child : 33 gm. Represent the above information by matrices. Using matrix multiplication,
calculate the total requirement of calories and proteins for each of the two families.
13. Use matrix multiplication to divide Rs. 30,000 in two parts such that the total annual interest at
9% on the first part and 11% on the second part amounts Rs. 3060.
14. Three schools A, B and C organised a mela for collecting funds for helping the rehabilitation of
flood victims. They sold hand made fans, mats and plates from recyled material at a cost of Rs.
25, Rs. 100 and Rs. 50 each. The number of articles sold are given below:
School A B C
Article
Hand – fans 40 25 35
Mats 50 40 50
Plates 20 30 40
Find the funds collected by each school separately by sailing the above articles. Also, find the
total funds collected for the purpose.
0 − tan(α/2)
15. Let A = 3 7 and I be the identity matrix of order 2.
tan(α/2) 0
cos α − sin α
Show that I + A = (I - A) 9 :
sin α cos α
cos x − sin x 0
16. Let F (x) = ! sin x cos x 0,. Show that F(x) F(y) = F(x + y).
0 0 1
2 3
17. Let A = 9 : and f(x) = x2 – 4x + 7. Show that f(A) = O. Use this result to find A5.
−1 2

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18. If A is a square matrix such that A2 = A, show that (I +A)3 = 7A + I.
19. If A is a square matrix such that A2 = I, then find the simplified value of (A-I) 2 + (A +I)3 - 7A.

−1
1. If A = ! 2 , and B = [−2 −1 −4], verify that (AB)T = BT AT.
3
cos θ − sin θ
2. If A = 9 :, then find the values of θ satisfying the equation AT + A = I2.
sin θ cos θ
1 2 2
3. If A = !2 1 −2, is a matrix satisfying AAT = 9I3, then find the values of a and b.
a 2 b
3 2 3
1. Express the matrix A = !4 5 3, as the sum of a symmetric and a skew – symmetric matrix.
2 4 5

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 Determinants
ASSIGNMENT-1

1 3
1. If A = ! %, find the determinant of the matrix A2 – 2A.
2 1
1 2
2. If A = ! %, then show that |2A| = 4 |A|.
4 2
x − 2 −3
3. If ' ' = 3, find the values of x.
3x 2x
3 y 3 2
4. Let ' '=' '. Find possible values of x and y if x, y are natural numbers.
x 1 4 1
5. Find the area of the triangle with vertices A(5,4), B(- 2,4) and C(2, - 6).
6. Show that the points (a, b + c), (b, c + a) and(c, a +h) are collinear.
7. If the points (a1, b1), (a2, b2) and (a1 + a2, b1, b2) are collinear, show that a1 b2 = a2, b1.
8. If the points (2, - 3), (λ, -1) and (0, 4) are collinear, find the value of λ
9. Using determinants, find the area of the triangle whose vertices are (-2, 4), (2, - 6) and
(5, 4).Are the given points collinear?
10. Find the equation of the line joining A (1, 3) and B (0, 0) using determinants and find k if
D(k, 0) is a point such that area of ∆ABD is 3sq. units.

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 ADJOINT AND INVERSE OF A MATRIX
ASSIGNMENT-1

a b
1. If A = ! &, find adj A.
c d
cos α − sin α 0
2. If A = ' sin α cos α 00, find adj A and verify that A (adj A) = (adj A ) A = |A| I3.
0 0 1
2 3 !
3. If A = ! &, show that A-1 = !" A.
5 −2
1 3 3
4. Find the inverse of A = '1 4 30 and verify that A-1 A = I3.
1 3 4
1 tan x cos 2x − sin 2x
5. If A = ! &, show that AT – A-1 = ! &.
− tan x 1 sin 2x cos 2x
3 2 6 7
6. If A = ! & and B = ! &, verify that (AB)-1 = B-1 A-1.
7 5 8 9
2 −3
7. Show that A = ! & satisfies the equation x2 – 6x + 17 = 0. Hence, find A-1.
3 4
3 1
8. For the matrix A = ! &, find x and y so that A2 + xI = yA. Hence, find A-1.
7 5
3 2
9. For the matrix A = ! &, find the numbers a and b such that A2 + aA + bI = O.
1 1
Hence, find A-1.
1 2 2
10. Show that the matrix A = '2 1 20 satisfies the equation A2 – 4A – 5I3 = O and hence find A-1.
2 2 1
1 −1 1
11. If A = '2 −1 00, show that A-1 = A2.
1 0 0
1 −2 6 0
12. Find a 2 x 2 matrix B such that B ! &=! &.
1 4 0 6
2 1 −3 2 1 0
13. Find the matrix A satisfying the matrix equation ! &A! &=! &.
3 2 5 −3 0 1
1 −4 −16 −6
14. Find the matrix X for which ! &x=! &.
3 −2 7 2
15. If A is a non – singular matrix, prove that:
(i) adj (A) is also non – singular.
!
(ii) (adj A)-1 = |$| A.

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 SOLUTION OF SIMULTANEOUS LINEAR EQUATIONS

1. Use matrix method to solve the following system of equations:

5x - 7y = 2, 7x - 5y = 3
2. Use matrix method to solve the following system of equations:
x - 2y – 4 = 0, - 3x + 5y + 7 = 0
3. Solve the following system of equations, using matrix method:
x + 2y + z = 7, x + 3z = 11, 2x - 3y = 1.
4. Use matrix method to examine the following system of equations for consistency or
inconsistency:
4x - 2y = 3, 6x - 3y = 5
5. Show that the following system of equations is consistent.
2x – y + 3z = 5, 3x + 2y - z = 7, 4x + 5y - 5z = 9
Also, find the solution.
1 −1 1
6. If A = !2 1 −3&, find A-1 and hence solve the system of linear equations
1 1 1
x + 2y + z = 4, - x + y +2 = 0, 2 - 3y +z = 2.
−4 4 4 1 −1 1
7. Determine the product !−7 1 3 & !1 −2 −2& and use it to solve the system of
5 −3 −1 2 1 3
equations:
x – y + z = 4, x – 2y – 2z = 9, 2x + y + 3z = 1.
1 2 −3
8. Find A-1, where A = !2 3 2 &, Hence solve the system of equations
3 −3 −4
x + 2y - 3z = -4, 2x + 3y + 2z = 2, 3x - 3y – 4z = 11.
9. The sum of three numbers is 6. If we multiply the third number by 2and add the first number
to the result, we get 7. By adding second and third numbers to three times the first number,
we get 12. Using matrices find the numbers.
10. An amount oft5000 is put into three investments at the rate of interest of 6%, 7% and 8% per
annum respectively. The total annual income is Rs. 358. If the combined income from the first
two investments is Rs. 70 more than the income from the third, find the amount of each
investment by matrix method.
11. A mixture is to be made of three foods A, B,C. The three foods A, B,C contain nutrients P,Q,R
as shown below:

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 Ounces per pound of Nutrient
Food
P Q R
A 1 2 5
B 3 1 1
C 4 2 1
How to form a mixture which will have 8 ounces of P, 5 ounces of Q and 7 ounces of R?

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