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Share some CCBA exam online questions below.
1.As a candidate for CCBA, you should be able to recognize the activities associated with each
knowledge area.
Which of the following is an elicitation process that is a part of job observation?
A. Identifying stakeholders
B. Job shadowing
C. Defining and determining business analysis processes
D. Planning how requirements will be approached, traced, and prioritized
Answer: B
Explanation:
Job observation is a technique that involves observing and documenting the tasks, activities, and
behaviors of a stakeholder or a group of stakeholders in their work environment. It helps to elicit
information about the current state of the business processes, the roles and responsibilities of the
stakeholders, the problems and issues they face, and the opportunities for improvement. Job
observation can be done in different ways, such as:
Job shadowing: This is a process of following and observing a stakeholder as they perform their work
tasks. It allows the business analyst to gain a firsthand and detailed understanding of the
stakeholder’s perspective, needs, challenges, and expectations. Job shadowing can also facilitate
rapport and trust building between the business analyst and the stakeholder12
Video or audio recording: This is a process of capturing the work tasks and activities of a stakeholder
or a group of stakeholders using a video or audio device. It allows the business analyst to review and
analyze the recorded data at a later time, and to identify patterns, trends, gaps, and inconsistencies.
Video or audio recording can also provide a visual or auditory evidence of the current state of the
business processes3
Work sampling: This is a process of observing and recording the work tasks and activities of a
stakeholder or a group of stakeholders at random intervals over a period of time. It allows the
business analyst to estimate the frequency, duration, and variability of the work tasks and activities,
and to measure the productivity, efficiency, and quality of the work performance. Work sampling can
also provide a statistical representation of the current state of the business processes.
The other options are not elicitation processes that are part of job observation, but they are related to
other business analysis knowledge areas or techniques:
Identifying stakeholders: This is a process of determining who are the individuals or groups that have
an interest or influence on the project or the solution, and what are their needs, expectations, and
level of involvement. It helps to plan and execute the stakeholder engagement and communication
strategies, and to manage the stakeholder relationships. Identifying stakeholders is part of the
business analysis planning and monitoring knowledge area.
Defining and determining business analysis processes: This is a process of establishing and
documenting the business analysis approach, activities, tasks, deliverables, roles, responsibilities,
and governance. It helps to plan, monitor, and control the business analysis work, and to align it with
the project objectives and stakeholder preferences. Defining and determining business analysis
processes is part of the business analysis planning and monitoring knowledge area.
Planning how requirements will be approached, traced, and prioritized: This is a process of defining
and documenting the requirements management plan, which specifies how the requirements will be
elicited, analyzed, documented, validated, verified, approved, communicated, traced, prioritized,
changed, and maintained. It helps to ensure the quality, consistency, and alignment of the
requirements with the stakeholder needs and expectations. Planning how requirements will be
approached, traced, and prioritized is part of the business analysis planning and monitoring
knowledge area.
Reference: Business Analysis Techniques - ECBA, CCBA, CBAP Endorsed, Section 7.4:
Requirements Elicitation, p.79-80.
Certification of Capability in Business Analysis (CCBA®) - Simplilearn, Module 6: Elicitation and
Collaboration, Lesson 6.3: Conduct Elicitation, p. 6-7.
Business Analysis Body of Knowledge (BABOK® Guide) , Version 3, Chapter 4: Elicitation and
Collaboration, Section 4.2: Elicitation Techniques, p. 70-71.
[Certification of Capability in Business Analysis (CCBA®) - Simplilearn], Module 6: Elicitation and
Collaboration, Lesson 6.3: Conduct Elicitation, p. 8-9.
[Business Analysis Body of Knowledge (BABOK® Guide) ], Version 3, Chapter 4: Elicitation and
Collaboration, Section 4.2: Elicitation Techniques, p. 71-72.
[Certification of Capability in Business Analysis (CCBA®) - Simplilearn], Module 6: Elicitation and
Collaboration, Lesson 6.3: Conduct Elicitation, p. 10-11.
[Business Analysis Body of Knowledge (BABOK® Guide) ], Version 3, Chapter 2: Business Analysis
Planning and Monitoring, Section 2.2: Plan Stakeholder Engagement, p. 34-35.
[Certification of Capability in Business Analysis (CCBA®) - Simplilearn], Module 5: Planning and
Monitoring, Lesson 5.2: Conduct Stakeholder Analysis, p. 6-7.
[Business Analysis Body of Knowledge (BABOK® Guide) ], Version 3, Chapter 2: Business Analysis
Planning and Monitoring, Section 2.1: Plan Business Analysis Approach, p. 31-33.
[Certification of Capability in Business Analysis (CCBA®) - Simplilearn], Module 5: Planning and
Monitoring, Lesson 5.1: Plan Business Analysis Approach, p. 6-7.
[Business Analysis Body of Knowledge (BABOK® Guide) ], Version 3, Chapter 2: Business Analysis
Planning and Monitoring, Section 2.3: Plan Business Analysis Governance, p. 36-37.
[Certification of Capability in Business Analysis (CCBA®) - Simplilearn], Module 5: Planning and
Monitoring, Lesson 5.3: Plan Business Analysis Governance, p. 6-7.

2.The business analyst (BA) is investigating techniques that would be appropriate for determining
how and who uses data across the identified processes.
Which technique should the BA select?
A. stakeholder list, map, or personas
B. Data dictionary
C. CRUD (Create, road, update, and delete) matrix
D. Decision model
Answer: C
Explanation:
The BA should select CRUD (Create, Read, Update, and Delete) matrix as the technique that would
be appropriate for determining how and who uses data across the identified processes. CRUD matrix
is a table that shows the actions that different roles or stakeholders can perform on data entities or
objects within a system or solution. CRUD matrix can help to define the data access rights and
permissions for each role or stakeholder, as well as the data dependencies and interactions among
processes.
The other options are incorrect because:
Option A is incorrect because stakeholder list, map, or personas are not techniques for determining
how and who uses data, but techniques for identifying and analyzing stakeholders. Stakeholder list,
map, or personas are tools that provide information about the characteristics, needs, expectations,
and influences of stakeholders. Stakeholders are individuals or groups who have an interest or stake
in a change or solution.
Option B is incorrect because data dictionary is not a technique for determining how and who uses
data, but a technique for defining and describing data. Data dictionary is a repository that contains the
definitions, attributes, formats, and relationships of data elements or objects within a system or
solution. Data dictionary can help to standardize and document the data requirements and
specifications for a solution.
Option D is incorrect because decision model is not a technique for determining how and who uses
data, but a technique for modeling and analyzing decisions. Decision model is a graphical
representation of the logic, rules, criteria, and outcomes of decisions within a system or solution.
Decision model can help to simplify and clarify the decision-making process and its impact on the
solution.
Reference: BABOK Guide v3, section 10.16: CRUD Matrix
CCBA Practice Test, question 5

3.Karen is the business analyst for her organization and she's reviewing the tasks within her
endeavor. Several of the tasks have the characteristic that the activity will be completed with the
project stakeholders, consultants, and business analyst, though this hasn't yet been approved.
What is this condition of believing some things to be true about an activity without proving the validity
of the belief called?
A. Risk
B. Assumption
C. Constraint
D. Boundary
Answer: B
Explanation:
An assumption is a factor that is considered to be true, real, or certain without proof or demonstration.
Assumptions are made to reduce uncertainty and complexity in business analysis activities. However,
assumptions also introduce risks if they turn out to be false or inaccurate. Therefore, assumptions
should be identified, documented, validated, and managed throughout the business analysis process.
Reference: Certification of Capability in Business Analysis (CCBA) Handbook, page 7
[A Guide to the Business Analysis Body of Knowledge (BABOK Guide) ], page 31

4.A business analyst (BA) has structured information so it is easy to find, does not conflict with other
information, and is not duplicated unnecessarily.
Which additional factor does the BA need to take into account when deciding how to structure the
information?
A. The number of stakeholders to be consulted
B. The governance and engagement approach to be used
C. The level of experience with the repository tool
D. The size and complexity of the change
Answer: D
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed When structuring information, the BA must consider the size and
complexity of the change to ensure the structure is scalable and supports decision-making. BABOK®
Guide (Chapter 3.3 - Plan Business Analysis Information Management) states that the complexity of
the change impacts how information should be structured for clarity, usability, and traceability.
Number of stakeholders (Option A) affects engagement but not information structure.
Governance approach (Option B) is important for decision-making but does not dictate structure.
Experience with repository tools (Option C) influences tool selection but not structuring principles.

5.A senior business analyst (BA) is tasked with verifying a set of requirements written by a junior BA
for a system. During this exercise, the junior BA will ensure that the requirements exhibit atomic
characteristics.
The senior BA will be verifying that the requirements:
A. can be understood independently of other requirements.
B. are written using terminology common for the audience.
C. contain no extraneous and unnecessary content.
D. are aligned with the identified need of the stakeholders.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Atomic characteristics of requirements ensure that each requirement is self-contained and can be
understood without the need to reference other requirements. This means that the requirement is
complete and provides enough detail for understanding on its own. It is a key quality attribute in
business analysis to ensure clarity and prevent misunderstanding or ambiguity.
Reference: The concept of atomic characteristics in requirements is covered in the CCBA certification
materials, which emphasize the importance of clear, concise, and independent requirements as part
of effective business analysis practices123.

6.A software development company has a strict policy of evaluating solutions against the number of
defects reported in the testing phase. This practice helps the company stay competitive and deliver
better solutions.
What performance measure is being practiced?
A. Predictive
B. Quantitative
C. Adaptive
D. Qualitative
Answer: B
Explanation:
Quantitative performance measure is being practiced by the software development company that
evaluates solutions against the number of defects reported in the testing phase. Quantitative
performance measures are those that use numerical values or statistics to assess the performance of
a solution or an organization. They can help to measure aspects such as quality, efficiency,
productivity, profitability, customer satisfaction, etc. The number of defects is a quantitative measure
of quality that indicates how well a solution meets its specifications and expectations.
Reference: : Quantitative Performance Measures

7.A business analyst (BA) is negotiating and resolving conflict with stakeholders to ensure they
participate in the required BA activities.
Which element of stakeholder management is the BA performing?
A. Confirm elicitation results
B. Gain agreement on commitments
C. Monitor stakeholder engagement
D. Plan stakeholder engagement
Answer: B
Explanation:
The element of stakeholder management that the BA is performing when negotiating and resolving
conflict with stakeholders to ensure they participate in required BA activities is gaining agreement on
commitments. This means that the BA is establishing consensus or acceptance among stakeholders
regarding their roles, responsibilities, expectations, deliverables, and timelines for a project or a
solution. The BA is also addressing any differences or disputes among stakeholders that may hinder
their participation or collaboration.
The other options are incorrect because:
Option A is incorrect because confirming elicitation results is not an element of stakeholder
management, but an element of elicitation. Confirming elicitation results means verifying and
validating that the information gathered from stakeholders during elicitation activities is accurate,
complete, clear, and consistent.
Option C is incorrect because monitoring stakeholder engagement is not an element of stakeholder
management, but an element of stakeholder analysis. Monitoring stakeholder engagement means
assessing and tracking the level of involvement, interest, influence, and impact of stakeholders
throughout a project or a solution.
Option D is incorrect because planning stakeholder engagement is not an element of stakeholder
management, but an element of stakeholder analysis. Planning stakeholder engagement means
defining and documenting the strategies, methods, and activities for engaging and communicating
with stakeholders.
Reference: BABOK Guide v3, section 2.5: Manage Stakeholder Collaboration CCBA Exam
Questions, question 19

8.All of the following are documented approaches to business analysis work except for which one?
A. Deming's Quality Circle
B. Six Sigma
C. Waterfall approach
D. Lean
Answer: A
Explanation:
Deming’s Quality Circle is a model of continuous improvement, not a documented approach to
business analysis work. The other options are examples of documented approaches that describe
how business analysis work is planned, conducted, and delivered.
Reference: Business Analysis Expert Certification, CCBA® | IIBA®, section “3.1 Plan Business
Analysis Approach” [Business Analysis Driving Business Success | IIBA®], section “Business
Analysis Methodologies”

9.You are the business analyst for your organization and you're working with your stakeholders to
assess the organization's readiness for the solution. As part of this assessment, you'll perform a
cultural assessment.
What is the purpose of this assessment?
A. To determine how the culture may affect the solution
B. To determine if the stakeholders genuinely want the change to be successful
C. To determine if the change is feasible in the environment
D. To determine how the solution affects the stakeholders' culture
Answer: A
Explanation:
According to the BABOK® Guide, a cultural assessment is a technique that involves identifying and
understanding the values, beliefs, and behaviors of the stakeholders and the organization that may
influence the acceptance and adoption of the solution. The purpose of this assessment is to
determine how the culture may affect the solution, such as its design, implementation, and operation.
A cultural assessment can help the business analyst (BA) to identify potential risks, issues, and
opportunities related to the solution and the change management process.
Reference: BABOK® Guide, page 75; Business Analysis Expert Certification, CCBA® | IIBA®, section
“What Should I know to be CCBA Certified?”

10.A business analyst (BA) is determining the current state as part of a new project.
What is an internal enterprise asset that the BA must include in the analysis?
A. Brand name
B. Organizational structure
C. Business need
D. Enterprise mission statement
Answer: B
Explanation:
An internal enterprise asset that the BA must include in the analysis of the current state is the
organizational structure. The organizational structure is the way that the enterprise is arranged and
governed, including its roles, responsibilities, reporting relationships, and authority levels. The
organizational structure influences the business processes, culture, communication, and decision-
making of the enterprise. The BA should include the organizational structure in the analysis of the
current state to understand the existing capabilities, constraints, and opportunities of the enterprise,
as well as to identify the stakeholders and their needs, expectations, and influence.
Reference: The answer is verified and explained using the principles found in the CCBA® certification
learning documents, specifically the Business Analysis Body of Knowledge (BABOK®) guide, which
outlines the knowledge areas and skills required for effective business analysis and the handling of
such situations12.

11.2; Business Analysis Expert Certification, CCBA® | IIBA®, Section “What Should I know to be
CCBA Certified?”

12.The Chief Information Officer (CIO) of a large financial services firm with many technology
applications was formally reviewing all ongoing projects and noticed that the requirements were
complex and difficult to follow. The CIO asks the business analyst (BA) what would improve the
stakeholder's ability to understand the requirements.
Which of the following will improve the requirements quality?
A. Traceability matrices
B. Additional requirements attributes
C. Matrix documentation formats
D. ISO 29148 requirements standards
Answer: B
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Additional requirement attributes (such as priority, complexity, and
status) improve clarity and organization, making requirements easier to understand.
BABOK® Guide (Chapter 5.3 - Specify and Model Requirements) states that providing descriptive
attributes helps stakeholders interpret requirements correctly and improve usability. Traceability
matrices (Option A) help link requirements but do not improve clarity.
Matrix documentation formats (Option C) improve organization but do not enhance requirement
clarity.
ISO 29148 standards (Option D) define best practices but do not directly improve readability for
stakeholders.

13.A project manager (PM) is planning the project timelines along with a business analyst (BA) , and
they come across the task of requirement allocation. The PM wants to know what the dependencies
are before the requirement allocation task is initiated and seeks the BA's advice.
Which of the following is a dependency that the BA will highlight as a prerequisite for requirement
allocation?
A. Design options are available
B. Solution approach has been determined
C. Requirements architecture is approved
D. Stakeholders are identified
Answer: B
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Before allocating requirements, the solution approach must be
determined, as it defines whether requirements will be implemented internally, externally, or through a
hybrid approach. The BABOK® Guide (Chapter 6.1 - Define Solution Approach) states that
requirement allocation depends on understanding how the solution will be developed or acquired.
Without this, requirement allocation cannot proceed effectively.

14.A business analyst (BA) has set up a number of elicitation workshops with key subject matter
experts (SMEs) on a new project. All SMEs have accepted the workshop invitations except for the
legal SME, who has not responded to any invitations. The first workshop is scheduled for next week,
and the BA has tried unsuccessfully to reach the legal SME by phone.
How should the BA proceed?
A. Drop by the legal SME’s desk and have an informal chat about how important their involvement is.
B. Re-check the legal SME’s schedule and re-arrange all of the workshops based on vacancies in
their calendar.
C. Escalate the non-response to the legal SME’s manager via email and request that they make the
SME attend.
D. Proceed with the first workshop and capture the non-response as a project issue for the project
manager to address.
Answer: C
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Since legal input is critical for the project, the BA should escalate the
non-response to the SME’s manager to ensure engagement.
BABOK® Guide (Chapter 4.3 - Manage Stakeholder Collaboration) states that stakeholder non-
participation should be escalated when it affects project success. Informal chats (Option A) may not
be effective for ensuring attendance.
Rearranging all workshops (Option B) disrupts scheduling and may not guarantee attendance.
Proceeding without escalation (Option D) risks missing critical legal input.

15.A business analyst (BA) has spent the week conducting work sessions with key stakeholders.
Together, they have been reviewing user requirements and high-level design flowcharts to ensure
that they have been correctly defined and documented.
Which of the following describes the purpose of their work?
A. Verifying requirements
B. Eliciting requirements
C. Approving requirements
D. Validating requirements
Answer: D
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed The purpose of reviewing requirements with stakeholders is to validate
them against business needs and objectives. Validation ensures that the requirements align with
business goals and deliver value to stakeholders. The BABOK® Guide (Chapter 8.3 - Validate
Requirements) explains that validation ensures that requirements support business needs and help
achieve the desired outcomes.
Verification (Option A) focuses on checking that requirements are correctly written and meet quality
standards, whereas validation ensures they are relevant to business needs.
Eliciting requirements (Option B) refers to gathering information from stakeholders, not reviewing
finalized requirements.
Approving requirements (Option C) is a separate process that comes after validation.
16.Performance measures have been collected and analyzed by a business analyst (BA) to evaluate
a solution that was launched a few years ago; however, the performance measures do not indicate
whether or not the solution is contributing to the desired value.
What is the recommended next step?
A. Replace the solution as soon as possible
B. Identify and collect more measurements
C. Increase the efficiency of the solution
D. Reduce the business' expectations of value
Answer: B
Explanation:
According to the BABOK® Guide, performance measurement is a technique that helps to assess the
effectiveness and efficiency of a solution or a solution component. Performance measurement helps
to evaluate whether the solution is contributing to the desired value by comparing the actual results
with the expected results. If the performance measures do not indicate whether or not the solution is
contributing to the desired value, the recommended next step is to identify and collect more
measurements that are relevant, reliable, and valid for the evaluation. This will help to provide a more
comprehensive and accurate picture of the solution performance and value.
Reference: BABOK® Guide, Version 3, Chapter 8: Solution Evaluation, Section 8.2: Analyze
Performance Measures, Page 304; Chapter 10: Techniques, Section 10.32: Performance
Measurement, Page 426.

17.Stakeholder requirements were approved for a business process reengineering initiative along
with the creation of a roadmap. Due to market conditions, the product roadmap is modified to move
the default process to the next iteration.
What should the business analyst (BA) update in the stakeholder requirements?
A. Requirement attribute values
B. Scope model
C. Requirement description
D. Requirement performance measures
Answer: A
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Since the requirements remain valid but the timeline has changed, the
BA must update requirement attribute values, such as priority, status, or implementation phase.
BABOK® Guide (Chapter 5.1 - Trace Requirements) states that requirement attributes track changes
and ensure alignment with business goals.
Scope model (Option B) defines the scope but does not manage requirement timelines.
Requirement description (Option C) is unchanged unless functionality is modified.
Performance measures (Option D) define success criteria but do not track requirement iterations.

18.Stakeholders initially agreed to an implementation schedule for a set of reports based on the value
to business users. The development team provided a detailed estimate of the time required to
develop each report based on the business requirements.
What should the business analyst (BA) and the stakeholders do with the estimates?
A. Review the priorities.
B. Analyze technical constraints.
C. Revise the business requirements.
D. Write functional report specifications.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Since the implementation timeline is affected, the priorities should be
reviewed to align with business value and feasibility. The BABOK® Guide (Chapter 5.1 - Prioritize
Requirements) states that prioritization should be adjusted based on constraints such as development
time, costs, and business needs.

19.The task of prioritizing requirements creates just one output.

What is it?
A. Validated requirements
B. Requirements (prioritized)
C. Requirements rankings
D. Requirements assessment
Answer: B
Explanation:
According to the BABOK Guide, the task of prioritizing requirements assesses the value, urgency,
dependencies, and risks associated with requirements and designs to ensure that analysis and
delivery work is done on the most important ones at any given time1. Prioritization is an ongoing
process, with priorities changing as the context changes. The task of prioritizing requirements creates
just one output, which is requirements (prioritized) . This output is a list or a model of requirements
and designs that have been assigned a level of importance or urgency relative to other requirements
and designs2. The output of requirements (prioritized) is used as an input for other tasks, such as
managing solution scope and requirements, assessing proposed solutions, allocating requirements,
and validating requirements3.
The other options are not correct outputs of the task of prioritizing requirements:
Validated requirements are an output of the task of validating requirements, which ensures that the
requirements and designs support the delivery of value, fulfill the stakeholder needs, and meet the
quality standards3.
Requirements rankings are not a formal output of the task of prioritizing requirements, but rather a
possible technique to assign a numerical value to each requirement or design based on a set of
criteria2.
Requirements assessment is not an output of the task of prioritizing requirements, but rather a
possible technique to evaluate the impact, feasibility, and value of requirements and designs2.
Reference: 2: CCBA® and CBAP® Certifications Study Guide, section Task: Prioritize Requirements,
page 1
3: BABOK Guide, section 4.5 Prioritize Requirements, page 72
1: Prioritize Requirements and Designs1, page 1

20.Some of the requirements in the solution must be completed because of laws and regulations in
your industry.
Management would like you, the business analyst, to rank the requirements according to the relevant
laws.
What type of requirements prioritization is management having you complete?
A. Business value ranking
B. Risk ranking
C. Constraint ranking
D. Regulatory ranking
Answer: C
Explanation:
Constraint ranking is a type of requirements prioritization that considers the limitations or restrictions
that affect the solution. Laws and regulations are examples of constraints that must be met by the
solution. Therefore, ranking the requirements according to the relevant laws is a constraint ranking
method.
Reference: Business Analysis Expert Certification, CCBA® | IIBA®, section “CCBA Competencies”
Certification of Capability in Business Analysis (CCBA®) Handbook, page 5, section “4. Review the
Exam Blueprint”

21.Stakeholder requirements where approved for a business process reengineering initiative along
with the Creation of a | roadmap. Due to market conditions, the product roadmap is modified to move
the default process to the next iteration.
What should the business analyst (BA) modify in the stakeholder requirements?
A. Requirement performance measures
B. Scope model
C. Requirement description
D. Requirement attribute values
Answer: D
Explanation:
The BA should modify the requirement attribute values in the stakeholder requirements when the
product roadmap is modified. This is because requirement attribute values are information that
provide additional details or characteristics of the requirements, such as priority, status, source,
owner, etc. Modifying the requirement attribute values can help to reflect the changes in the product
roadmap, such as moving the default process to the next iteration, and communicate them to the
stakeholders. The other options are not as relevant or necessary as modifying the requirement
attribute values.
Reference: BABOK Guide, section 4.2.4: Structure Requirements
CCBA Practice Test, question 112

22.A business analyst (BA) is planning to elicit requirements. The BA understands the scope of the
elicitation and has selected interviewing as an appropriate technique.
Which of the following is part of the logistics for these interviews?
A. Relationships between elicited requirements
B. Performance metrics
C. Definition of the future state
D. Participants and their roles
Answer: D
Explanation:
According to the BABOK® Guide, one of the tasks of the business analyst (BA) during requirements
elicitation and collaboration is to prepare for elicitation. This involves defining the purpose, scope, and
approach for elicitation activities, as well as identifying and engaging the relevant stakeholders. One
of the aspects that the BA should consider when preparing for elicitation is the logistics, which are the
practical arrangements and resources required to conduct elicitation activities. For interviewing, a
common elicitation technique, the logistics include the participants and their roles, the location and
time of the interviews, the interview questions and agenda, and the recording and documentation
methods.
Reference: BABOK® Guide, Version 3, Chapter 4, Section 4.1; Business Analysis Expert
Certification, CCBA® | IIBA®, Section “What Should I know to be CCBA Certified?”

23.You are the business analyst for a large project for your organization. Your project has 65
stakeholders and this will greatly increase the complexity of the communication in this project. To
demonstrate how complex this project and its communication will be, you show the management the
number of communication channels in this project.
How many channels exist in this project based on the number of stakeholders?
A. 4160
B. 4225
C. 65
D. 2080
Answer: A
Explanation:
The number of communication channels in a project is an indicator of the complexity and difficulty of
managing the communication among the stakeholders. The more stakeholders there are, the more
communication channels there are, and the more challenging it is to ensure effective and efficient
communication.
The number of communication channels in a project can be calculated using the following formula:
Number of communication channels=n×(n?1) /2
where n is the number of stakeholders. In this case, n=65, so the number of communication channels
is:
Number of communication channels=65×(65?1) /2
Number of communication channels=65×64/2
Number of communication channels=4160
Therefore, the correct answer is
A. 4160.Reference: CCBA® Handbook, p. 15
Number of Communication Channels (+ PMP® Formula & Calculator) , section “Formula to Calculate
the Number of Communication Channels”

24.Why is it important to have a requirements signoff process for approved requirements?

A. It formalizes the agreement by the stakeholders that the requirements are complete and accurate.
B. It confirms that the project sponsor and the project manager are in agreement with the business
analyst about the accuracy and completeness of the requirements.
C. It holds stakeholders accountable for the cost and schedule of the requirements.
D. It allows the project manager to begin the project.
Answer: A
Explanation:
A requirements signoff process is a process of obtaining formal approval from the stakeholders that
the requirements are clear, complete, consistent, and aligned with the business needs and objectives.
A requirements signoff process is important because it helps to ensure that the stakeholders are
satisfied with the requirements and that they agree to move forward with the solution development
based on the requirements. A requirements signoff process also helps to avoid scope creep, rework,
and conflicts that may arise from unclear or changing requirements12.
The other options are not correct because:
Option B is incorrect. A requirements signoff process does not confirm that the project sponsor and
the project manager are in agreement with the business analyst about the accuracy and
completeness of the requirements. A requirements signoff process involves all the stakeholders who
have an interest or influence in the project or its outcome, not just the project sponsor and the project
manager. The business analyst’s role is to facilitate the communication and collaboration among the
stakeholders, not to impose their own views on the requirements3.
Option C is incorrect. A requirements signoff process does not hold stakeholders accountable for the
cost and schedule of the requirements. A requirements signoff process is focused on the quality and
validity of the requirements, not on the budget and timeline of the project. The cost and schedule of
the requirements are determined by the project manager, who is responsible for planning, executing,
monitoring, and controlling the project activities and resources4.
Option D is incorrect. A requirements signoff process does not allow the project manager to begin the
project. A requirements signoff process is usually done after the project has been initiated and the
business analysis activities have been conducted. The project manager can begin the project after
the project charter has been authorized, which defines the project purpose, objectives, scope,
deliverables, milestones, roles and responsibilities, budget, and risks5.
Reference: 3 Quick Tips for Requirements Sign-off - Business Analyst Learnings, section “3 Quick
Tips for Requirements Sign-off”
How to Get Meaningful Sign-Off on Requirements - Bridging the Gap, section “How to Get
Meaningful Sign-Off on Requirements”
Business Analysis Expert Certification, CCBA® | IIBA®, section “BABOK® Guide v3”, chapter 3,
section 3.1
What is Project Management | PMI, first paragraph
Project Charter, section “Description of Change”

25.A new contract requires a thorough level of documentation to be developed and maintained with
planned phases of reviews and authorized sign offs.
Which approach fits this contract?
A. Waterfall
B. Agile
C. Scrum
D. Iterative
Answer: A
Explanation:
According to the BABOK® Guide, a waterfall approach is a sequential project life cycle that consists
of distinct phases, such as initiation, planning, analysis, design, construction, testing, implementation,
and maintenance. Each phase has a defined set of activities, deliverables, and exit criteria that must
be completed before moving to the next phase. A waterfall approach is suitable for projects that have
a clear and stable scope, well-defined requirements, and minimal changes or uncertainty. In this
scenario, a new contract requires a thorough level of documentation to be developed and maintained
with planned phases of reviews and authorized sign offs. This implies that the project has a high
degree of formality, control, and documentation, which fits the characteristics of a waterfall approach.
Reference: [BABOK® Guide], section 2.5: Plan Business Analysis Approach CCBA Exam Questions
& Answers with Explanations, question 418

26.When you, a Business Analyst, work with your stakeholders, team, and experts to define the
business analysis activities, what thing do you actually define?
A. You define the requirements of the initiative.
B. You define the roles and responsibilities.
C. You define the communication needs.
D. You define the business analysis approach.
Answer: D
Explanation:
Defining the business analysis activities involves establishing the processes and techniques that will
be used to perform business analysis throughout the initiative. This includes determining how
requirements will be elicited, analyzed, documented, and managed. It is about setting up the
framework that guides the execution of business analysis work, which is known as the business
analysis approach.
Reference: The information is aligned with the guidelines and objectives of the Capability in Business
Analysis™ (CCBA®) as detailed on the IIBA website and its learning resources12.

27.A business analyst (BA) has been asked to develop a plan to complete the associated business
analysis activities for a project in which an organization is switching from a manual to an automated
process for receiving payments. As the final step in developing the plan, which technique will the BA
use?
A. Surveys or Questionnaires for the current initiative
B. Functional Decomposition for the current initiative
C. Lessons learned from previous initiatives
D. Process modeling from previous initiatives
Answer: C
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Lessons Learned from previous initiatives help in refining the business
analysis approach, identifying potential risks, and leveraging best practices. The BABOK® Guide
(Chapter 3.5 - Assess Business Analysis Performance) suggests that reviewing previous project
experiences improves planning, enhances efficiency, and reduces risks.

28.A software company wants to make a gradual change from its traditional way of developing
requirements to a more adaptive approach. A business analyst (BA) is hired to quantify the probability
that the solution will meet the company's needs and assess the relevant risks.
Which element of risk assessment does the BA need to consider?
A. Negative Impact to value
B. Positive Evaluation Results
C. Risk Tolerance
D. Issue Management
Answer: C
Explanation:
The element of risk assessment that the BA needs to consider is risk tolerance. Risk tolerance is the
degree of uncertainty that an organization or a stakeholder is willing to accept in relation to the
achievement of its objectives or goals1. Risk tolerance can vary depending on the type, impact, and
likelihood of the risk, as well as the stakeholder’s attitude, perception, and preference. The BA should
consider the risk tolerance of the organization and the stakeholders when quantifying the probability
that the solution will meet their needs and assessing the relevant risks.
Reference: 1: BABOK Guide v3, Section 3.2

29.A business analyst (BA) is developing requirements for a project with a limited budget. The
business owner will be prioritizing requirements so that low value requirements can be de-scoped and
the project remain within budget.
Which of the following should the BA take into account to facilitate prioritization and ensure business
objectives are met?
A. Data flow
B. Functional decomposition
C. Traceability
D. Dependencies
Answer: D
Explanation:
Dependencies are the relationships between requirements that indicate that one requirement is
contingent on another requirement. Dependencies can affect the feasibility, value, and risk of the
requirements, and therefore, they should be taken into account when prioritizing the requirements.
The business analyst should identify and document the dependencies between the requirements, and
analyze how they impact the project scope, schedule, and budget. The business analyst should also
communicate the dependencies to the business owner and other stakeholders, and help them to
prioritize the requirements based on the dependencies and the business objectives.
Reference: BABOK Guide v3, page 156; CCBA Mock Test, question 7
30.A business analyst (BA) wants to check the completeness of requirements defined after meeting
with project stakeholders. A group of subject matter experts (SMEs) has been identified and invited to
a workshop to walk through the requirements.
What must the BA do to ensure a shared understanding of requirements?
A. Align requirements to the organizational strategy
B. Prioritize requirements according to expected stakeholders value
C. Ensure requirements attributes are consistent for ease of access
D. Determine the format to present the requirements to the SMEs attending the workshop
Answer: D
Explanation:
To ensure a shared understanding of requirements, the BA must determine the format to present the
requirements to the SMEs attending the workshop. The format of presenting requirements refers to
how the requirements are expressed and communicated to different stakeholders. The format can be
textual, graphical, tabular, or a combination of these3. The BA should choose a format that is
appropriate for the type, level, and complexity of the requirements, as well as the preferences and
expectations of the SMEs. The format should also facilitate feedback, validation, and verification of
the requirements.
Reference: 3: BABOK Guide v3, Section 4.5

31.You are the business analyst for your organization and are leading a presentation about an
identified problem. This presentation will help the stakeholders to understand the problem and it will
help you when you begin to elicit requirements from the stakeholders.
Which type of learner learns best through the presentation of models?
A. Kinesthetic learners
B. Auditory learners
C. Communication model learners
D. Visual learners
Answer: D
Explanation:
Visual learners are those who learn best through the presentation of models, diagrams, charts,
graphs, and other visual aids. They prefer to see the information rather than hear it or do it. Visual
learners can benefit from the use of models in business analysis, as they can help them to
understand the problem, the solution, and the requirements in a clear and concise way.
Reference: The information is verified as per the CCBA Learning documents and resources, which
outline the standards and practices for business analysis. You can find more information about the
types of learners and the use of models in business analysis in the CCBA guide1 and the BABOK
Guide2 available through the IIBA website and bookstore3. You can also find some useful resources
and sample questions from other sources45.

32.In order to plan business analysis activities, you will need four inputs.
Which one of the following inputs is not valid for this task?
A. Business analysis approach
B. Stakeholder tolerance for risk
C. Stakeholder list, roles, and responsibilities
D. Business analysis performance assessment
Answer: B
Explanation:
According to the BABOK® Guide, the plan business analysis activities process is the process of
defining the tasks, dependencies, effort, and schedule for the business analysis work.
The four inputs to this process are:
Business analysis approach: This input provides information about the selected method and level of
detail for performing the business analysis work, such as the plan-driven, change-driven, or hybrid
approach, and the level of abstraction, formality, and rigor of the requirements and designs.
Stakeholder list, roles, and responsibilities: This input provides information about the stakeholders
who are involved in or affected by the business analysis work, their roles and responsibilities, their
communication preferences, and their availability.
Organizational process assets: This input provides information about the policies, procedures,
standards, guidelines, and templates that are relevant to the business analysis work, such as the
project management methodology, the business analysis methodology, the requirements
management plan, and the change management plan.
Business analysis performance assessment: This input provides information about the current state
and desired state of the business analysis performance, such as the strengths, weaknesses,
opportunities, and threats of the business analysis work, the performance indicators and measures,
and the improvement actions and recommendations.
Stakeholder tolerance for risk is not an input to the plan business analysis activities process, but
rather an input to the identify risks process, which is a sub-process of the plan business analysis
approach process. Stakeholder tolerance for risk provides information about the degree of uncertainty
and potential impact that the stakeholders are willing to accept for the business analysis work and the
solution.
Reference: BABOK® Guide, page 25; Business Analysis Expert Certification, CCBA® | IIBA®, section
“What Should I know to be CCBA Certified?”

33.A business analyst (BA) is working on a complex project involving many stakeholders for which the
business case has been previously completed and signed off. After an organizational restructure, new
stakeholders have been assigned to the project working group, but do not see the value in the project
outcomes and refuse to collaborate.
What is a guideline or tool the BA can use to focus stakeholders on a common goal?
A. A business requirements document
B. An alternate stakeholder plan
C. A stakeholder matrix
D. A future state description
Answer: D
Explanation:
Diagram Description automatically generated

34.A business analyst (BA) is assigned a new project and is beginning to prepare for elicitation.
Which task must the BA complete before preparation of the elicitation process can begin?
A. Coordinate meeting logistics
B. Approve anticipated expenses
C. Gather contact information of stakeholder
D. Collect information on the business need
Answer: D
Explanation:
The task that the BA must complete before preparation of the elicitation process can begin is
collecting information on the business need. This means that the BA should gather relevant data or
facts that describe or justify why a change is required or desired by stakeholders or an organization.
Collecting information on the business need can help the BA to understand and define the scope,
objectives, and benefits of a project or an initiative.
The other options are incorrect because:
Option A is incorrect because coordinating meeting logistics is not a task that the BA must complete
before preparation of the elicitation process can begin, but a task that the BA performs during
preparation of the elicitation process. Coordinating meeting logistics means arranging and confirming
the details of the meeting such as date, time, location, agenda, participants, etc.
Option B is incorrect because approving anticipated expenses is not a task that the BA must complete
before preparation of the elicitation process can begin, but a task that the BA performs after
preparation of the elicitation process. Approving anticipated expenses means obtaining authorization
or consent for the expected costs or resources required for the elicitation process.
Option C is incorrect because gathering contact information of stakeholders is not a task that the BA
must complete before preparation of the elicitation process can begin, but a task that the BA performs
during preparation of the elicitation process. Gathering contact information of stakeholders means
collecting and documenting the names, roles, communication channels, and availability of the
stakeholders who will be involved in the elicitation process.
Reference: BABOK Guide v3, section 4.1: Plan Elicitation
CCBA Exam Questions, question 28
35.A business analyst (BA) is structuring requirements to ensure they are cohesive and tell the full
story.
Which of the following requirements is consistent with a stakeholder's need: “As a Product Manager, I
want to review my general insurance sales performance so I track my sales performance against my
annual target”?
A. “Provide weekly new bank account sales reports on a shared drive.”
B. “Increase customer retention across the life insurance division”
C. “Segment insurance sales data between life and general”
D. “Migrate the insurance web portal to a cloud platform."
Answer: C
Explanation:
This option directly addresses the Product Manager’s need to differentiate and review sales
performance specifically for general insurance, which is essential for tracking against set targets. The
other options do not specifically relate to reviewing general insurance sales or tracking performance
against annual targets.

36.You are a business analyst in an organization that has recently embraced business analysis as
part of its initiative for new projects. In this organization, there is not an organizational standard for
tailoring business analysis duties and expectations.
Which one of the following best describes the action you should take to begin business analysis?
A. Work with the appropriate stakeholders to determine how the business analysis work should be
completed.
B. Define the organizational standard first.
C. Create a business case for the need of organizational standards for business analysis.
D. Take charge and begin the business analysis activities, but document your approach to serve as a
template for future business analysis initiatives.
Answer: A
Explanation:
According to the BABOK® Guide, business analysis planning and monitoring is the task of
determining which activities are necessary in order to identify and define the solution that meets the
business need, allocate the resources to perform those activities, monitor the performance of the
analysis work, and adjust the plan as needed. One of the inputs to this task is the organizational
process assets, which include the organizational standards, policies, and procedures for business
analysis. If these assets are not available, the business analyst should work with the appropriate
stakeholders to determine how the business analysis work should be completed, rather than creating
or imposing a standard on their own.
Reference: BABOK® Guide, section 3.1.1, page 30; Business Analysis Expert Certification, CCBA® |
IIBA®, section “CCBA Competencies”, page 1.

37.An organization is experiencing long contracting life cycles when establishing annual contracts
with its customers. Upon initial investigation, the outdated application was thought to be the cause,
however based on further analysis the business process is found to be flawed. The business analyst
(BA) wants to model the people involved in the process.
Which of the following techniques models the responsibilities of these stakeholders?
A. Roles and Permissions Matric
B. Data Flow Diagram
C. Use Cases and Scenarios
D. Activity Flow
Answer: A
Explanation:
A roles and permissions matrix is a technique that defines the roles and responsibilities of the
stakeholders involved in a business process, and the level of authority and access they have to the
information and resources required to perform their tasks. A roles and permissions matrix can help
the BA to model the people involved in the contracting process, and identify any gaps, overlaps, or
conflicts in their roles and permissions. A roles and permissions matrix can also help to improve the
efficiency, effectiveness, and security of the process, and ensure compliance with the policies and
regulations. A roles and permissions matrix is part of the Requirements Analysis and Design
Definition Knowledge Area in the BABOK® Guide.
Reference: 1, 2 (pages 31-32) , 3 (pages 13-14)

38.You are the business analyst for your organization and you're working with the key stakeholders to
validate the requirements. In your review, you have determined the business value of each
requirement and you've discovered three requirements that do not deliver direct or indirect value to
the stakeholders.
What should you do with these requirements?
A. Determine their purpose in the requirements set.
B. Justify their existence.
C. See if the requirements are integrated with other requirements.
D. Remove them from the requirements set.
Answer: D
Explanation:
According to the CCBA® Handbook, one of the tasks of the business analyst is to “validate
requirements to ensure that they are aligned with the business objectives and deliver value to
stakeholders” (p. 11) . Therefore, any requirements that do not deliver value to stakeholders should
be removed from the requirements set, as they are unnecessary, irrelevant, or wasteful. The other
options are not appropriate actions for the business analyst to take, as they do not address the issue
of value alignment.
Reference: CCBA® Handbook, p. 11
BABOK® Guide, p. 35

39.During a lesson learned session, stakeholders had a heated discussion on the performance
measures being employed and why they are necessary.
The business analyst (BA) explained that performance measures are required to:
A. evaluate whether the required return on investment is met.
B. gather insights into the value provided by a solution.
C. decide if similar projects should be taken up again.
D. verify that organizational resources were spent wisely.
Answer: B
Explanation:
Performance measures are required to gather insights into the value provided by a solution.
Performance measures are indicators that show how well a solution meets the needs and
expectations of the stakeholders, and how it contributes to the organizational goals and objectives1.
By using performance measures, the business analyst (BA) can evaluate the effectiveness and
efficiency of the solution, identify the benefits and drawbacks of the solution, and recommend actions
to improve the solution value. Performance measures can also help the BA to communicate the value
of the solution to the stakeholders, and to justify the investment and resources allocated to the
solution.
Reference: The answer is based on the BABOK® Guide, which is a key resource for the CCBA®
certification.
40.A business analyst (BA) is tasked with designing a method of ensuring that the requirements
captured during the elicitation sessions satisfy the needs and expectations of the customer
experience, within an initiative. The BA identifies a way that the stakeholder requirements can be
structured to ensure realization of the desired customer experience.
Which viewpoint describes the approach taken by the BA to structure the requirements?
A. User interactions
B. Business model
C. Audit and security
D. Business process model
Answer: A
Explanation:
According to the BABOK Guide, a user interactions viewpoint focuses on how stakeholders interact
with a solution or a product to achieve their goals1. This viewpoint can help the BA structure the
requirements to ensure realization of the desired customer experience, as it describes the features,
functions, and interfaces that enable users to perform their tasks effectively and efficiently2.
Therefore, the correct answer is A.
Reference: BABOK Guide, CCBA Exam Questions

41.The business analyst (BA) has completed the verification of a set of requirements, but a change in
scope has materialized.
Which technique should the BA use to obtain consensus and reach agreement among the
stakeholders?
A. Financial analysis
B. Business rules analysis
C. Decision analysis
D. Risk analysis and management
Answer: C
Explanation:
When a change in scope occurs, the business analyst should use decision analysis to evaluate the
potential impacts and facilitate consensus among stakeholders. This technique involves assessing
the possible outcomes of different decisions, considering the associated risks and benefits, and
determining the best course of action that aligns with business objectives and stakeholder needs.
Reference: The Capability in Business Analysis™ (CCBA®) Learning documents emphasize the
importance of decision analysis in managing changes in scope and ensuring that all stakeholders are
aligned with the decision-making process

42.During a senior management meeting about a project at the requirements analysis stage, a
business analyst (BA) stated that there were a number of workarounds associated with the current
application. The Chief Information Officer (CIO) was looking for ways to improve the situation, and the
BA suggests a solution.
Which of the following can the BA suggest that the organization consider to increase efficiencies?
A. Strategic realignment
B. Capability assessment
C. Project abandonment
D. Process improvement
Answer: D
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed The presence of multiple workaroundssuggestsinefficiencies in the
current process that should be addressed through process improvement.
BABOK® Guide (Chapter 10.40 - Process Analysis) states that process improvement aims to identify
inefficiencies, reduce manual workarounds, and optimize workflow to improve overall system
efficiency.
Strategic realignment (Option A) involves broad organizational changes, which may not directly
address system inefficiencies.
Capability assessment (Option B) focuses on identifying gaps in competencies but does not directly
improve the process.
Project abandonment (Option C) is an extreme measure and is not justified here.

43.The product backlog refinement meeting for a project is complete but two stakeholders do not
agree on the priority of several product backlog items.
What should the business analyst (BA) do to help move the project forward?
A. Schedule a backlog walkthrough with the two stakeholders
B. Confirm the authority of the two stakeholders
C. Notify the project manager
D. Apply the previous backlog priority
Answer: A
Explanation:
The BA should schedule a backlog walkthrough with the two stakeholders who do not agree on the
priority of several product backlog items. This is because a backlog walkthrough is a technique that
involves reviewing and discussing the product backlog items with the stakeholders to ensure a
common understanding and agreement on their priority, scope, and acceptance criteria. A backlog
walkthrough can help to resolve any conflicts or disagreements among the stakeholders and move
the project forward. The other options are not as effective or appropriate as scheduling a backlog
walkthrough.
Reference: BABOK Guide, section 10.24: Backlog Management
CCBA Practice Test, question 103

44.What term is given to the collection of notes and diagrams used by the business analyst to
develop the requirements during the requirements development process?
A. Work product
B. Deliverable
C. Supporting requirements package detail
D. Work package
Answer: A
Explanation:
A work product is a term given to the collection of notes and diagrams used by the business analyst
to develop the requirements during the requirements development process. A work product is any
artifact created or modified as part of the business analysis work, such as models, diagrams,
matrices, documents, or presentations12. A work product can be used to communicate, analyze,
verify, or validate the requirements, or to support decision making or problem solving3. A deliverable
is a work product that is formally reviewed, agreed upon, and delivered to a stakeholder or
customer4. A supporting requirements package detail is a component of a requirements package that
provides additional information or clarification for the requirements, such as assumptions, constraints,
issues, risks, or glossary. A work package is a set of related tasks or activities that produce a specific
output or deliverable within a defined time and cost.
Reference: 1: BABOK® Guide, Version 3.0, p. 10
2: Business Analysis Expert Certification, CCBA® | IIBA®
3: CCBA® and CBAP® Certifications Study Guide, Chapter 2
4: BABOK® Guide, Version 3.0, p. 11
: BABOK® Guide, Version 3.0, p. 43
: Work Package - Project Management Knowledge

45.A new regulation is introduced that the project must comply with to remain competitive and
industry compliant. Management wants to understand the effect of this new requirement on the
project.
What will the business analyst (BA) use to evaluate the change?
A. Process Modelling
B. Domain Knowledge
C. Traceability
D. Impact Analysis
Answer: D
Explanation:
Impact Analysis is a technique used by business analysts to assess the potential consequences of a
change, such as the introduction of a new regulation, on a project. It helps in understanding how the
change will affect different aspects of the project, including project scope, timelines, costs, and
resources. The BA will evaluate the change by analyzing its impact on existing requirements,
business processes, and systems to ensure the project remains competitive and industry compliant.
Reference: The information is verified as per the Capability in Business Analysis™ (CCBA®) Learning
documents and resources available on the IIBA website and the IIBA Bookstore.

46.A business analyst (BA) has recently joined a large consultancy firm where BAs are globally
distributed on different assignments.
Where would the BA find expectations for business analysis work as mandated by the consultancy
firm?
A. Organizational performance standards
B. Information management approach
C. Modelling notations standards
D. Business analysis approach
Answer: D
Explanation:
The BA would find expectations for business analysis work as mandated by the consultancy firm in
the business analysis approach. The business analysis approach is a plan that defines how and when
business analysis activities will be performed on a project or an initiative. The business analysis
approach can be influenced by various factors such as organizational standards, methodologies,
tools, techniques, stakeholder preferences, etc.
The other options are incorrect because:
Option A is incorrect because organizational performance standards are not where the BA would find
expectations for business analysis work as mandated by the consultancy firm, but what the BA would
use to measure and monitor the effectiveness and efficiency of business analysis work.
Organizational performance standards are criteria or indicators that evaluate how well an organization
or a project achieves its goals or outcomes.
Option B is incorrect because information management approach is not where the BA would find
expectations for business analysis work as mandated by the consultancy firm, but how the BA would
store, organize, and retrieve information related to business analysis work. Information management
approach is a plan that defines how information will be collected, structured, accessed, shared,
secured, and archived throughout a project or an initiative.
Option C is incorrect because modeling notations standards are not where the BA would find
expectations for business analysis work as mandated by the consultancy firm, but what the BA would
use to create and communicate models related to business analysis work. Modeling notations
standards are conventions or rules that govern how models are represented graphically or textually.
Reference: BABOK Guide v3, section 3.2: Plan Business Analysis Approach CCBA Exam Questions,
question 27

47.The business need is considered to be the most critical step in the business analysis effort.
Why is the definition of the business need considered the most critical step?
A. The business need defines the problem the business analyst is finding a solution for.
B. The business need defines the solution for the business problem.
C. The business need takes the longest time and costs most of the business analysis efforts.
D. The definition of the business need determines future solutions, stakeholders, and approaches.
Answer: D
Explanation:
The business need is the reason why a project or initiative is undertaken by an organization. It
describes the problem or opportunity that the organization faces and how it aligns with the
organizational goals and objectives. The definition of the business need is the most critical step in the
business analysis effort because it sets the direction and scope for the rest of the activities. It helps to
identify the potential solutions, the stakeholders who are affected by or involved in the change, and
the best approach to conduct the business analysis work. A clear and agreed-upon definition of the
business need is essential for ensuring the alignment of the project outcomes with the organizational
strategy and stakeholder expectations.
Reference: Business Analysis Certification Competencies, CCBA® | IIBA®, [BABOK® Guide v3]

48.A new payments system was recently implemented to replace an old legacy system. The system
users have lodged a complaint that the new system is slower than the old system but system
performance statistics show more efficiency.
How does the business analyst (BA) demonstrate to users how the new system is performing?
A. Collect system metrics and communicate results in an understandable format
B. Identify the dependencies of the system with other applications
C. Analyze the feasibility of including additional hardware resources to the system
D. Evaluate the payments process to identify areas of improvement in the system
Answer: A
Explanation:
The scenario describes a situation where there is a discrepancy between the system users’
perception and the system performance statistics regarding the new payments system. The BA needs
to demonstrate to the users how the new system is performing and address their complaint. The best
way to do this is to collect system metrics and communicate the results in an understandable format.
System metrics are quantitative measures that indicate the performance, quality, and efficiency of the
system. Communicating the results in an understandable format means using clear and simple
language, charts, graphs, or tables to present the data and explain the benefits of the new system.
Reference: The answer and explanation are consistent with the CCBA® Handbook and the IIBA®
website, which provide the details and best practices for the solution evaluation knowledge area,
including the task of measure solution performance12. The CCBA® resources also describe the
techniques and tools that can be used to perform each task in the business analysis process, such as
system metrics and communication

49.A business analyst (BA) is logging the end user concerns and resolves these on a priority basis as
mandated by the government. This project is a simple application, with no major strategic or financial
impact to the organization. The BA strongly enforced end-to-end requirement traceability for this
project.
Why would the BA recommend this traceability approach?
A. Regulatory requirements
B. Costs and benefits
C. Organizational standards
D. Complexity of the domain
Answer: C
Explanation:
The BA recommended the requirement traceability approach because it is consistent with the
organizational standards and the CCBA® or the BABOK® Guide, which suggest that requirement
traceability is a core competency and a key technique for business analysis. Requirement traceability
helps to ensure that the solution conforms to the requirements, that the requirements are aligned with
the business objectives and stakeholder needs, and that the requirements are verified and validated.
Reference: While I cannot provide direct links, I recommend reviewing the following sources for more
information on requirement traceability:
CCBA® handbook1, which provides the eligibility requirements, exam blueprint, and application
process for the CCBA® certification.
BABOK® Guide2, which defines the knowledge areas, tasks, techniques, and competencies for
business analysis, including requirement traceability as a technique under the Requirements Life
Cycle Management knowledge area.
Business Analysis Expert Certification, CCBA® | IIBA®3, which offers an overview of the CCBA®
certification, its benefits, and its competencies.
Requirements traceability: What, why and how > Business Analyst …2, which explains the concept,
purpose, and benefits of requirement traceability, and provides some examples and tips on how to
implement it.

50.Which stakeholder in the solution assessment task will provide information on technical constraints
that could limit the solutions that may be implemented?
A. Project manager
B. Suppliers
C. Sponsor
D. Operational support
Answer: B
Explanation:
According to the BABOK Guide, the task of assessing proposed solutions involves analyzing the
feasibility, risks, impacts, and benefits of various solutions that could address the business need1.
This task requires input from various stakeholders who have different perspectives and expertise on
the problem and the solution domains. Among the stakeholders listed in the question, the one that will
provide information on technical constraints that could limit the solutions that may be implemented is
suppliers. Suppliers are external entities that provide products or services that are part of the solution
or that enable the delivery of the solution2. Suppliers can provide information on the technical
specifications, capabilities, limitations, costs, and availability of their products or services, which can
affect the feasibility and suitability of the proposed solutions3.
The other options are not correct stakeholders for providing information on technical constraints that
could limit the solutions that may be implemented:
Project manager: The project manager is responsible for planning, executing, monitoring, and
controlling the project activities, resources, budget, and schedule2. The project manager can provide
information on the project constraints, such as scope, time, cost, quality, and risk, but not on the
technical constraints of the solutions3.
Sponsor: The sponsor is the person or group who authorizes, funds, and supports the project and the
solution2. The sponsor can provide information on the business objectives, priorities, expectations,
and benefits of the solutions, but not on the technical constraints of the solutions3.
Operational support: The operational support is the person or group who provides ongoing
maintenance and support for the solution after it is deployed2. The operational support can provide
information on the operational requirements, issues, and performance of the solutions, but not on the
technical constraints of the solutions before they are implemented3.
Reference: 1: BABOK Guide, section 6.1 Assess Proposed Solution, page 112
2: BABOK Guide, section 2.2 Stakeholder Roles, page 23-25
3: CBAP/CCBA Certified Business Analysis Study Guide, 2nd Edition, by Susan Weese and Terri
Wagner, Wiley, 2011, page 296-297

51.When a business analyst performs requirements tracing, he may need to trace the requirements
backward through their lineage and may need to trace the requirements forward through their
relationship to other requirements.
What is the forward tracing activity called in requirements traceability?
A. Lineage tracking
B. Backwards pass
C. Derivation
D. Allocation
Answer: D
Explanation:
According to the BABOK® Guide, allocation is “the process of assigning stakeholder and solution
requirements to solution components in order to provide a common understanding of the scope and
value of each component” (p. 36) . Allocation is a type of forward traceability, as it traces the
requirements from their origin to their implementation in the solution. The other options are not correct
because:
Lineage tracking is a type of backward traceability, as it traces the requirements from their current
state to their source (p. 36) .
Backwards pass is a term used in project management, not in requirements traceability. It refers to
the process of calculating the late start and late finish dates for project activities (p. 215) . Derivation
is another type of backward traceability, as it traces the requirements from their current state to their
parent requirements (p. 36) .
Reference: BABOK® Guide, p. 36, 215
Requirements Traceability: Definition, Why it matters & Tools, section “Forward Traceability”

52.As part of a strategic initiative, a bank decides to expand operations to a new country where the
most commonly used language is Spanish. The bank's current mobile application only supports
English. The organization initiates a project to provide local language support for the app.
From which level did the business need originate?
A. Middle management
B. External drivers
C. Bottom up
D. Top down
Answer: B
Explanation:
The business need originated from external drivers, which are factors outside the control of the
organization that influence its goals, objectives, and strategies. In this case, the external driver is the
new country’s market and language, which requires the bank to adapt its mobile application to meet
the needs and expectations of the potential customers. By providing local language support for the
app, the bank can increase its competitive advantage and customer satisfaction in the new country.
Reference: The answer is based on the BABOK® Guide, which is a key resource for the CCBA®
certification. Specifically, it relates to the Strategy Analysis knowledge area, where identifying
business needs is a key task for the business analyst12. It also relates to the Business Analysis
Planning and Monitoring knowledge area, where the BA should consider the external drivers and their
impacts on the business analysis approach

53.A business analyst (BA) is working on a project that follows incremental and iterative approaches.
The BA and the stakeholders have shortlisted several user stories to be considered in the project
scope.
Which of the following methods would enable them to arrive at a common understanding on delivering
value in the product and ranking the stories?
A. Story decomposition
B. State modelling
C. Value stream mapping
D. MoSCoW prioritization
Answer: D
Explanation:
MoSCoW prioritization is a technique that helps to classify requirements or user stories based on their
relative importance and urgency. The acronym stands for Must have, Should have, Could have, and
Won’t have. This technique enables the business analyst (BA) and the stakeholders to agree on the
minimum viable product (MVP) and the order of delivery for the project scope. MoSCoW prioritization
also supports incremental and iterative approaches, as it allows for frequent feedback and validation
of the product value.
Reference: BABOK® Guide, Version 3, Chapter 10, Section

54.You are the business analyst for your organization and you are working with Bill on creating a
model. Bill is a little confused about all the different things a model can do for the stakeholders.
You explain to Bill that a model can do all of the following except for which one?
A. Define the risk and reward for the requirements
B. Categorize and create hierarchies of items
C. Define boundaries for business domains
D. Show business logic
Answer: A
Explanation:
A model is a representation of a concept or system that is used to help people understand, change, or
simulate the concept or system. A model can be used to categorize and create hierarchies of items,
define boundaries for business domains, and show business logic, among other purposes. However,
a model cannot define the risk and reward for the requirements, as this is a function of the business
analysis approach and the risk management process.
Reference: BABOK Guide v3, Section 10.1: Models and Modelling, p. 381-382
CCBA Handbook, Section 4.5: Exam Blueprint, p. 6-7
CCBA Competencies, Section 10.1: Models and Modelling, p. 23-24

55.Which approach is best to take when a business analyst is assessing the solution options for a
business need when there are relatively few criteria involved?
A. Focus on the life cycle costs of the solutions.
B. Focus on the commonalities of the solutions.
C. Focus on the differences of the solutions.
D. Focus on the implementation cost of the solutions.
Answer: C
Explanation:
When there are relatively few criteria involved in assessing the solution options, it is best to focus on
the differences of the solutions, as they are likely to have the most impact on the decision. Focusing
on the commonalities, the life cycle costs, or the implementation costs may not provide enough
information to distinguish the solutions and select the best one for the business need.
Reference: BABOK Guide v3, section 10.4.3.2; CCBA Handbook, section 5.4.4.3.

56.A company wants to increase its market share in the industry and its Board has prioritized
capabilities that need to be implemented to achieve the goal. The business requirements for the top
priority were signed off and the solution design has been completed. Due to technical constraints, it is
not feasible to implement all the requirements at the same time.
What must the business analyst (BA) do to deal with this situation?
A. Redefine the business requirements associated with each implementation
B. Recommend a reduction in the project scope
C. Allocate requirements to different releases
D. Ensure all requirements are traceable using a matrix
Answer: C
Explanation:
This is because when it is not possible to implement all the requirements at once, the BA should
prioritize the requirements based on their value, urgency, and dependency, and assign them to
different releases or iterations. This way, the most important requirements can be delivered first, and
the feedback from the stakeholders can be incorporated in the subsequent releases. Redefining the
business requirements (A) is not necessary, as they have already been signed off. Recommending a
reduction in the project scope (B) is not a good option, as it may compromise the value and quality of
the solution. Ensuring all requirements are traceable using a matrix (D) is a good practice, but it does
not address the issue of technical constraints.
Reference: CCBA Practice Test, CCBA Mock Test

57.3; Business Analysis Expert Certification, CCBA® | IIBA®, Section “What Should I know to be
CCBA Certified?”

58.A business analyst (BA) is assigned a new project and is beginning to prepare for elicitation.
Which task must the BA complete before preparation of the elicitation process can begin?
A. Gather contact information of stakeholders
B. Approve anticipated expenses
C. Collect information on the business need
D. Coordinate meeting
Answer: C
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Beforepreparing for elicitation, the BA mustunderstand the business
need that drives the project. The BABOK® Guide (Chapter 3.2 - Conduct Elicitation) states that
knowing the business need helps in selecting the right elicitation techniques, identifying key
stakeholders, and aligning requirements with business objectives.

59.Which of the following defines all of the features and functions of the thing, solution, or service the
project or organization will create?
A. Requirements envisioning
B. Project scope
C. Requirements foundation
D. Product scope
Answer: D
Explanation:
Product scope is the features and functions that characterize a product, service, or result1. It defines
what the product or service will do and how it will meet the customer needs and expectations2.
Product scope is different from project scope, which is all the work needed to deliver a product,
service, or result as defined in product scope1. Requirements envisioning is a technique to
collaboratively identify and define the high-level features and scope of a solution3. Requirements
foundation is a term used by IIBA to describe the core concepts of business analysis, such as
requirements, stakeholders, and business analysis planning and monitoring4.
Reference: Certification of Capability in Business Analysis (CCBA®) Handbook, page 5, section “4.
Review the Exam Blueprint”
Business Analysis Expert Certification, CCBA® | IIBA®, section “BABOK® Guide v3” Requirements
Envisioning: An Agile Best Practice Business Analysis Core Concept Model™ (BACCM™)

60.Holly is the business analyst for her organization and she's leading a requirements workshop for a
proposed solution. In this workshop, Holly is using a requirements tracing matrix to help prevent
against scope creep.
What is scope creep?
A. It's the removal of the things that don't conform to the quality of the requirements.
B. It's the addition of the things that aren't needed to consume the project budget.
C. It's the addition of the things that don't trace back to the original project scope.
D. It's the addition of the deliverables that don't trace back to the original business goals to the project
scope.
Answer: C
Explanation:
Scope creep is the uncontrolled expansion of the project scope due to the addition of requirements
that are not aligned with the original project scope. A requirements tracing matrix is a tool that helps
track the alignment of requirements with the project scope, objectives, and deliverables. It can help
prevent scope creep by identifying and rejecting any requirements that are out of scope or do not add
value to the project.
Reference: Capability in Business Analysis™ (CCBA®) Handbook, page 14
A Guide to the Business Analysis Body of Knowledge® (BABOK® Guide) , page 40

61.All of the following are inputs to the task assess organizational readiness except for which one?
A. Enterprise architecture
B. Solution Scope
C. Stakeholder concern
D. Risk register
Answer: D
Explanation:
According to the BABOK Guide, the task of assessing organizational readiness involves analyzing the
readiness, willingness, and ability of the stakeholders and the organization to accept, adopt, and use
the solution1. This task requires inputs from various sources that provide information on the current
and desired state of the organization, the solution scope and objectives, the stakeholder roles and
responsibilities, and the potential impacts and risks of the change. Among the inputs listed in the
question, the one that is not an input to the task of assessing organizational readiness is risk register.
A risk register is an output of the task of identifying risks, which involves identifying and documenting
the uncertainties that may affect the business analysis work or the solution2. A risk register is not an
input to the task of assessing organizational readiness, but rather an input to the task of managing
risks, which involves planning and implementing responses to the identified risks2. The other options
are all correct inputs to the task of assessing organizational readiness:
Enterprise architecture: Enterprise architecture is a description of the current and future structure and
behavior of an organization’s processes, information systems, personnel, and organizational sub-
units3. It provides an input to the task of assessing organizational readiness, as it helps to understand
the alignment, dependencies, and gaps between the current and future state of the organization and
the solution1.
Solution scope: Solution scope is a description of the boundaries of the solution, including what is in
and out of scope, the key assumptions and constraints, and the major features and functions3. It
provides an input to the task of assessing organizational readiness, as it helps to define the scope
and objectives of the change, and the expected benefits and outcomes of the solution1.
Stakeholder concern: Stakeholder concern is a statement of a need, expectation, problem, or
opportunity that is relevant to one or more stakeholders3. It provides an input to the task of assessing
organizational readiness, as it helps to identify and analyze the stakeholder needs, expectations,
interests, and attitudes towards the change, and the potential impacts and issues that may arise from
the solution1.
Reference: 1: BABOK Guide, section 6.2 Assess Organizational Readiness, page 116
2: BABOK Guide, section 4.7 Identify Risks, page 126; section 4.8 Manage Risks, page 130
3: BABOK Guide, section 3.8 Glossary, page 516-524

62.3.2; Business Analysis Expert Certification, CCBA® | IIBA®, Section “What Should I know to be
CCBA Certified?”

63.Several user groups are impacted by a proposed change to their daily work flow.
How should the business analyst (BA) convey these changes so that the user groups understand the
impact?
A. Develop a data model diagram
B. Create business process models
C. Write functional requirements
D. Establish a communication plan
Answer: D
Explanation:
According to the Capability in Business Analysis™ (CCBA®) guidelines, when multiple user groups are
impacted by a proposed change, it is essential for the business analyst to establish a communication
plan. This plan should detail how the changes will be communicated to the different user groups,
ensuring that they understand the impact on their daily workflow. The communication plan typically
includes information on the channels that will be used to disseminate the information, the timing of the
communications, and the content that will be shared with each user group.
Reference: The importance of a communication plan in conveying changes to user groups is
highlighted in the CCBA® learning documents, which can be found on the IIBA website12.
Additionally, the IIBA Bookstore offers resources that provide further insights into the objectives and
best practices for business analysis, including the establishment of effective communication plans

64.Bradley is working with the business analyst Marsha to prioritize requirements for their
organization. Marsha insists that the requirements be ranked on the cost-benefits analysis of the
relative value to the organization.
What type of prioritization approach does Marsha want to use in this scenario?
A. Likelihood of success
B. Business value
C. Urgency
D. CBR Ratio
Answer: B
Explanation:
The type of prioritization approach that Marsha wants to use in this scenario is business value. This is
a technique for ranking the requirements based on the expected benefits and costs of implementing
them, and selecting the ones that provide the most value to the organization12. Business value
prioritization helps to align the requirements with the strategic goals and objectives of the
organization, and to optimize the return on investment (ROI) of the solution. The other options are not
types of prioritization approach that Marsha wants to use in this scenario, but rather techniques for
ranking the requirements based on different criteria, such as likelihood of success (A) , which is the
probability of achieving the desired outcome or benefit with the requirement3, urgency ©, which is the
time sensitivity or importance of the requirement4, or CBR ratio (D) , which is the ratio of the cost of
implementing the requirement to the benefit of implementing the requirement5.
Reference: Business Analysis Expert Certification, CCBA® | IIBA®, Certification of Capability in
Business Analysis™ (CCBA®) , Business Analysis Certification Competencies, CCBA® | IIBA®, The
Ultimate Guide to Business Capability Analysis, CBAP / CCBA Certified Business Analysis Study
Guide, 2nd Edition

65.Which of the following are not appropriate for a plan-driven business analysis approach? Each
correct answer represents a complete solution.
A. Informal
B. Face-to-face
C. Ad hoc
D. Formal
Answer: A,B,C
Explanation:
A plan-driven business analysis approach is a methodology that follows a predefined and structured
process, where the requirements and the solution are fully defined and agreed upon before
implementation begins. A plan-driven approach is suitable for projects that have low complexity,
uncertainty, or volatility, and that require stability and predictability of the scope, schedule, and
budget. A plan-driven approach is characterized by its formal and rigid nature, where each project
phase must be completed before moving on to the next one. Therefore, the following are not
appropriate for a plan-driven business analysis approach:
Informal: This means that the communication, documentation, and validation of the requirements and
the solution are done in a casual and flexible manner, without following any standards or rules.
Informal methods may lead to ambiguity, inconsistency, and misunderstanding of the requirements
and the solution, which can cause delays, errors, and rework in a plan-driven approach.
Face-to-face: This means that the interaction and collaboration among the stakeholders are done in
person, rather than through electronic or written means. Face-to-face methods may enhance rapport
and trust among the stakeholders, but they may also introduce challenges such as scheduling,
availability, and travel costs in a plan-driven approach.
Ad hoc: This means that the business analysis activities and tasks are done in a spontaneous and
unplanned manner, without following any methodology or process. Ad hoc methods may allow for
creativity and innovation, but they may also result in chaos, confusion, and waste in a plan-driven
approach.
Option D is incorrect because formal is appropriate for a plan-driven business analysis approach.
Formal means that the communication, documentation, and validation of the requirements and the
solution are done in a systematic and rigorous manner, following established standards and rules.
Formal methods ensure the quality, completeness, and alignment of the requirements and the
solution, which are essential for a plan-driven approach.
Reference: Business Analysis Body of Knowledge (BABOK® Guide) , Version 3, Chapter 2: Business
Analysis
Planning and Monitoring, Section 2.1: Plan Business Analysis Approach, p. 31-32.
Certification of Capability in Business Analysis (CCBA®) - Simplilearn, Module 5: Planning and
Monitoring, Lesson 5.1: Plan Business Analysis Approach, p. 6-7.
Business Analysis Approach | Do you need one?
How to Choose the Right Business Analysis Approach
Planning Business Analysis Approach and Monitoring
[Defining the Business Analysis Approach in 2023 | Free Template]

66.The Chief Executive Officer (CEO) is concerned about how two client bases are going to be
integrated and serviced in the newly formed company after a merger. A project has been initiated to
implement a Customer Relationship Management (CRM) system for the new company that will
contain the client information from both companies.
What must the business analyst (BA) do to address the concerns of the CEO?
A. Demonstrate the functionality of the new CRM
B. Reuse requirements models from each company
C. Ensure all regulatory requirements are documented
D. Create merged viewpoints of the requirements
Answer: D
Explanation:
The BA must create merged viewpoints of the requirements to address the concerns of the CEO. This
is because a merged viewpoint is a way of combining the perspectives of different stakeholders into a
coherent and consistent set of requirements. A merged viewpoint can help to resolve conflicts,
identify gaps, and ensure alignment among the stakeholders. Creating merged viewpoints can also
help to integrate and service the two client bases in the newly formed company after a merger. The
other options are not sufficient or relevant to address the CEO’s concerns.
Reference: BABOK Guide, section 4.3.2: Validate Requirements
CCBA Practice Test, question 100

67.A business analyst (BA) was asked by the vice president (VP) to evaluate the organization's
claims processing capability and recommend improvements. The VP agreed to the BA's
recommended solution approach and identified an external vendor to develop the modernized claims
processing system. Before contracting with the external vendor, the BA realized that the budget
should be approved by the Chief Financial Officer.
What was missed by the BA when performing stakeholder analysis?
A. Attitude
B. Roles
C. Decision making authority
D. Level of influence
Answer: C
Explanation:
According to the BABOK® Guide, one of the tasks of the business analyst (BA) during business
analysis planning and monitoring is to conduct stakeholder analysis. This involves identifying and
analyzing the needs, expectations, and interests of the stakeholders who may affect or be affected by
the change initiative. One of the aspects that the BA should consider when performing stakeholder
analysis is the decision making authority, which is the ability of a stakeholder to approve, reject, or
change a decision related to the change initiative. By missing the decision making authority of the
Chief Financial Officer, the BA overlooked a key stakeholder who could impact the budget and the
contracting process of the project.
Reference: BABOK® Guide, Version 3, Chapter 2, Section

68.A business owner has identified a high priority requirement that needs to be implemented
immediately. The project manager has asked the business analyst (BA) to perform an impact analysis
of this change.
Which factor will the BA need to consider?
A. Number of systems being affected by the requirement
B. Original source of the requirement
C. Method of requirement communication
D. Selection of the elicitation for the requirement
Answer: A
Explanation:
The BA should consider the number of systems being affected by the requirement when performing
an impact analysis of this change. This is because an impact analysis is a technique that involves
assessing the potential effects of a change on the existing or proposed solution, business processes,
stakeholders, or organization. The number of systems being affected by the requirement is an
important factor that can influence the feasibility, cost, risk, and complexity of implementing the
change. The other options are not as relevant or significant as considering the number of systems
being affected by the requirement.
Reference: BABOK Guide, section 10.16: Impact Analysis CCBA Practice Test, question 104

69.What elicitation technique is best described as a study to compare the strengths and weaknesses
of an organization against its peers and competitors?
A. Brainstorming
B. Market analysis
C. Comparative analysis
D. Benchmarking
Answer: D
Explanation:
Benchmarking is an elicitation technique that is best described as a study to compare the strengths
and weaknesses of an organization against its peers and competitors. Benchmarking involves
measuring and evaluating the performance, processes, or practices of an organization or a system
with those of other organizations or systems that are considered to be the best in the industry or the
domain. Benchmarking helps to identify the gaps, opportunities, and best practices for improvement
and innovation. Benchmarking can be done at various levels, such as strategic, operational,
functional, or technical. The other options are not elicitation techniques that can achieve the same
goal as benchmarking. Brainstorming is a technique for generating a large number of ideas or options
for solutions in a creative and collaborative way. Market analysis is a technique for researching and
analyzing the market trends, demands, and preferences of the customers or the users.
Comparativeanalysis is a technique for comparing and contrasting the similarities and differences
between two or more items, such as concepts, theories, models, etc.
Reference: Top 10 Most Common Requirements Elicitation Techniques
What elicitation technique is best described as a study to compare the strengths and weaknesses of
an organization against its peers and competitors? Types of Elicitation Techniques for the Business
Analyst

70.A stakeholder would like to add requirements to an IT project which is in flight.

The project manager wants to revisit the traceability repository prior to committing to the addition of
any new requests, because it is used for which of the following activities?
A. Creating test plans and test cases
B. Approving requirement relationships
C. Developing documentation for technical support
D. Supporting change and scope management
Answer: D
Explanation:
This is because the traceability repository is a tool that helps the BA to track the relationships and
dependencies among the requirements, the solution components, and the stakeholders. By using the
traceability repository, the BA can assess the impact of any changes or additions to the requirements,
and manage the scope of the project accordingly. Creating test plans and test cases (A) is not the
main purpose of the traceability repository, although it can be used to verify the test coverage and
quality of the solution. Approving requirement relationships (B) is not a valid activity, as the
requirement relationships are established and documented by the BA, not approved. Developing
documentation for technical support © is not related to the traceability repository, as it is a post-
implementation activity.
Reference: CCBA Practice Test, CCBA Mock Test

71.A change to support a regulatory requirement is proposed for inclusion in the scope of a project. A
business analyst (BA) conducts an impact analysis to determine the extent of the change.
What previous task could assist the BA in performing the impact analysis?
A. Update use case scenarios
B. Perform a risk analysis
C. Create requirement relationships
D. Conduct a cost-benefit analysis
Answer: C
Explanation:
The previous task that could assist the BA in performing the impact analysis is to create requirement
relationships. This is because creating requirement relationships is the process of identifying and
documenting the connections or associations between different requirements or other elements.
Creating requirement relationships can help to understand the dependencies, traceability,
composition, generalization, or other types of relationships among the requirements. This can
facilitate the impact analysis of a change by showing how it affects other related requirements or
elements. The other options are not as helpful or relevant as creating requirement relationships.
Reference: BABOK Guide, section 4.3.2: Validate Requirements
CCBA Practice Test, question 107

72.Which elicitation activity is best described to ensure that the needed resources are organized and
available for the elicitation?
A. Confirming elicitation results
B. Preparing for elicitation
C. Planning for elicitation
D. Managing stakeholder requirements
Answer: B
Explanation:
Preparing for elicitation is the elicitation activity that ensures that the needed resources are organized
and available for the elicitation. It involves understanding the scope of the elicitation activity, selecting
appropriate techniques, and planning for or procuring appropriate supporting materials and
resources1. Preparing for elicitation helps to define the desired outcomes of each elicitation activity,
and ensures that the stakeholders have the information they need to provide and understand the
nature of the activities they will participate in2.
The other options are not correct because:
Confirming elicitation results is the elicitation activity that ensures that the information obtained from
the elicitation is accurate, complete, clear, and consistent3.
Planning for elicitation is the business analysis planning and monitoring activity that defines the
approach and activities for eliciting, analyzing, and managing requirements4.
Managing stakeholder requirements is the requirements lifecycle management activity that ensures
that the requirements and designs are aligned with the needs of the stakeholders and the solution
scope5.
Reference: Conducting elicitation activity C The Functional BA, section “Guide elicitation activity”
Prepare for Elicitation, section “Description of Change” Confirm Elicitation Results, section
“Description of Change”
Plan Business Analysis Elicitation, section “Description of Change” Manage Stakeholder
Requirements, section “Description of Change”

73.A team of business analysts (BAs) identified policies that dictate how the organization grants paid
time off for its employees and the associated business rules.
What is this team of BAs trying to do?
A. Analyze the benefits information
B. Analyze the current state of the enterprise
C. Identify hidden business rules
D. Explore human resources documentation
Answer: B
Explanation:
The scenario describes a task that involves identifying policies and business rules that govern how
the organization grants paid time off for its employees. This is an example of analyzing the current
state of the enterprise, which is a technique used by business analysts to understand the existing
situation, problems, and needs of the organization. Analyzing the current state of the enterprise helps
to establish a baseline for the business analysis work and identify the gaps and opportunities for
improvement.
Reference: The answer and explanation are consistent with the CCBA® Handbook and the IIBA®
website, which provide the details and best practices for the current state analysis technique as part
of the business analysis process12. The CCBA® resources also describe the types and sources of
information that can be used to perform each task in the business analysis process, such as policies
and business rules

74.A government agency has initialed a project to implement a customer registry that will be shared
across multiple agencies. Early estimates indicate there will be hundreds of requirements.
While determining the requirements traceability approach, what factor takes precedence?
A. Number of defects
B. Cost of tracing
C. Number of stakeholders
D. Cost of testing
Answer: B
Explanation:
The cost of tracing is the factor that takes precedence while determining the requirements traceability
approach. Requirements traceability is the ability to track a requirement from its origin to its realization
in a solution1. Requirements traceability helps to ensure that the requirements are aligned with the
business need, the solution scope, and the test cases. However, requirements traceability also
involves effort and resources to establish and maintain the links between requirements and other
artifacts. Therefore, the cost of tracing should be balanced with the benefits of traceability, and the
level of traceability should be appropriate for the project context and complexity2. The other factors,
such as number of defects, number of stakeholders, and cost of testing, are not directly related to the
requirements traceability approach, although they may influence the decision on how much
traceability is needed.
Reference: 1: BABOK® Guide v3, Chapter 6: Requirements Life Cycle Management, Section 6.4:
Maintain Requirements
2: Business Analysis Expert Certification, CCBA® | IIBA®

75.The Business Requirements Document (BRD) prepared by the business analyst (BA) was
circulated to stakeholders for approval. Some stakeholders objected to the Use Case diagrams and
could not understand them.
Why would these be included in the document?
A. The models are used for analysis and refining requirements and design.
B. The models did not change the value to text-based requirements.
C. The models are part of the technical documents and not part of BRD documents.
D. The models were included as a mistake because Use Case diagrams are technical.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Use Case diagrams are included in the BRD because they help analyze
and refine requirements and design by providing a visual representation of interactions between users
and the system.
BABOK® Guide (Chapter 10.48 - Use Cases and Scenarios) states that Use Case models help
stakeholders understand how the system will function without needing deep technical knowledge.
Models (Option B) do not replace text-based requirements but enhance understanding.
Models are not only for technical teams (Option C, D); they help business and technical stakeholders
collaborate effectively.

76.A business analyst (BA) , analyzing requirements, has decomposed information into components.
What is the purpose of this exercise?
A. To enable discussion regarding solution options
B. To plan project iterations
C. To plan test cases for the components
D. To identify the project sponsor
Answer: A
Explanation:
The purpose of decomposing information into components is to enable discussion regarding solution
options. By breaking down complex information into smaller and simpler parts, the business analyst
(BA) can facilitate a better understanding of the requirements, the problems, and the potential
solutions. Decomposing information also helps the BA to identify dependencies, gaps, overlaps, and
conflicts among the components, and to evaluate the feasibility, benefits, and risks of different
solution options. Decomposing information can also support other activities, such as planning, testing,
and communication, but the primary purpose is to enable discussion regarding solution options.
Reference: The answer is based on the BABOK® Guide, which is a key resource for the CCBA®
certification. Specifically, it relates to the Requirements Analysis and Design Definition knowledge
area, where decomposing information is one of the techniques that can be used by the BA12. It also
relates to the Elicitation and Collaboration knowledge area, where decomposing information can be
used to confirm elicitation results13. Additionally, the answer is supported by the web search results
from the tool invocation, which provide more information and examples of decomposing
information45.
77.When a business analyst completes the elicitation process, she will create four outputs.
Which one of the following is an output of the elicitation process?
A. Requirements management plan
B. Resource identification
C. Stakeholder Concerns
D. Solution scope
Answer: C
Explanation:
The output of the elicitation process that is listed among the options is stakeholder concerns. This is a
term that refers to the issues, risks, assumptions, constraints, or expectations that the stakeholders
have regarding the business need, the solution, or the business analysis work12. Stakeholder
concerns are identified and documented during the elicitation process, and they are used to guide the
analysis, prioritization, and validation of the requirements. The other options are not outputs of the
elicitation process, but rather inputs or outputs of other business analysis processes, such as
requirements management plan (A) , which is an output of the plan business analysis approach
process3, resource identification (B) , which is an input of the plan business analysis governance
process4, or solution scope (D) , which is an output of the define business need process5.
Reference: Business Analysis Expert Certification, CCBA® | IIBA®, Certification of Capability in
Business Analysis™ (CCBA®) , Business Analysis Certification Competencies, CCBA® | IIBA®, The
Ultimate Guide to Business Capability Analysis, CBAP / CCBA Certified Business Analysis Study
Guide, 2nd Edition

78.You are the business analyst for your organization. You are currently writing the business goals
and objectives as part of the elements for the define business process.
Which one of the following statements best describes the business goals and objectives element?
A. They describe all of the required work the project will need to complete in order to reach its
objectives.
B. They describe the ends that the organization is seeking to achieve.
C. They describe the processes the solution will need to improve for the project to be successful.
D. They describe all of the positive benefits in ratio to the risk and costs of the project.
Answer: B
Explanation:
According to the BABOK® Guide, business goals and objectives are “the desired outcomes of a
change initiative or the state of the enterprise after the successful implementation of a solution” (p.
35) . They describe the ends that the organization is seeking to achieve, not the means or the
activities to achieve them. Business goals and objectives provide the context and direction for the
business analysis work, as well as the criteria for evaluating the value and benefits of the solution.
The other options are not correct because:
A. They describe all of the required work the project will need to complete in order to reach its
objectives is not a description of business goals and objectives, but rather of project scope or project
deliverables.
C. They describe the processes the solution will need to improve for the project to be successful is
not a description of business goals and objectives, but rather of solution requirements or solution
design.
D. They describe all of the positive benefits in ratio to the risk and costs of the project is not a
description of business goals and objectives, but rather of business case or value proposition.
Reference: BABOK® Guide, p. 35
Business Goals and Objectives - Modern Analyst, section “What are Business Goals and
Objectives?”
79.Sam is preparing for the task of prioritizing requirements and he'll need five inputs to accomplish
the task.
Which one of the following is not an input that Sam will use to prioritize requirements?
A. Risk analysis
B. Business need
C. Requirements management plan
D. Business case
Answer: D
Explanation:
The business case is not an input to the task of prioritizing requirements, but an output of the
enterprise analysis knowledge area. The business case is a document that presents the rationale and
justification for initiating a project or a solution. The business case includes the description of the
business problem or opportunity, the analysis of the costs, benefits, risks, and feasibility of the
proposed solution, and the recommendation for the best course of action. The other options are
correct inputs to the task of prioritizing requirements, as they provide the information and guidance
needed to determine the relative importance and urgency of the requirements. The risk analysis
identifies and evaluates the potential threats and uncertainties that may affect the project’s
objectives, scope, schedule, cost, or quality. The business need defines the problem or opportunity
that the project or the solution aims to resolve or exploit. The requirements management plan
describes how the requirements will be elicited, analyzed, documented, validated, and controlled
throughout the project.
Reference: Which one of the following is not an input that Sam will use to prioritize requirements?
What is requirements gathering? Template and examples
Five Requirements Prioritization Methods - Business Analyst Articles …

80.A senior business analyst (BA) must review the requirements specification of a junior BA. The
senior BA puts together a list of key evaluation criteria to guide the determination of a requirement’s
quality.
Which of the criteria below is a characteristic of a quality requirement?
A. Mapped
B. Allocated
C. Atomic
D. Owned
Answer: C
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Aquality requirement should be atomic, meaning it should beself-
contained and independent of other requirements to avoid confusion and redundancy.
BABOK® Guide (Chapter 5.3 - Specify and Model Requirements) states that atomic requirements are
clear, concise, and focused on a single functionality or need.
Mapped (Option A) refers to traceability but does not define requirement quality.
Allocated (Option B) defines which component will implement the requirement but does not ensure
clarity.
Owned (Option D) assigns responsibility but does not define requirement quality.

81.A key stakeholder has requested an extensive range of performance measures for a replacement
workflow system. A business analyst (BA) has decided to work closely with the stakeholder to
validate the performance measures requested. The BA will be ensuring that the performance
measures:
A. Align to industry benchmarks gathered for similar solution implementations.
B. Align with other measures within the broader context of the solution.
C. Are either qualitative or quantitative measurements, but not both.
D. Are written in the correct format using the agreed standards.
Answer: B
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed The performance measures must align with other solution measures to
ensure that they accurately reflect success and effectiveness across all business areas.
BABOK® Guide (Chapter 7.6 - Define Performance Measures) states that performance indicators
should be aligned with broader business objectives and solution requirements. Industry benchmarks
(Option A) are helpful but do not ensure internal consistency.
Using only qualitative or quantitative measures (Option C) limits flexibility?both should be considered.
Correct formatting (Option D) is important but does not ensure meaningful alignment.

82.The business analyst (BA) has an item logged in the action items register requiring the verification
of forthcoming legislation in the next three months that might impact the proposed architecture.
What should the BA do next?
A. Transfer the item to the legal department
B. Assess the impact immediately
C. Present the item to the project manager
D. Determine the performance
Answer: B
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Assessing the impact immediately ensures that potential regulatory
changes are accounted for before implementation.
BABOK® Guide (Chapter 10.37 - Risk Analysis and Management) states that early assessment of
regulatory risks helps prevent costly compliance failures later.
Transferring the item (Option A) does not ensure proactive risk management.
Presenting to the project manager (Option C) is informative but does not address the risk.
Determining performance (Option D) is unrelated to regulatory compliance.

83.You are working with several business analysts to determine the solution approach for an
identified problem.
All of the following techniques are acceptable for identifying the solution approach except for which
one?
A. Benchmarking
B. Brainstorming
C. Decision analysis
D. Risk analysis
Answer: D
Explanation:
Risk analysis is a technique that identifies and assesses the uncertainties and potential negative
impacts that may affect the project or the solution. It is not a technique for identifying the solution
approach, which is the method or process for solving the identified problem and delivering the desired
outcomes12. The other techniques, such as benchmarking, brainstorming, and decision analysis, are
acceptable for identifying the solution approach, as they can help to generate, compare, and evaluate
different alternatives and criteria for the solution3.
Reference: 1: BABOK® Guide, Version 3.0, p. 33
2: Business Analysis Expert Certification, CCBA® | IIBA®
3: Business Analysis Techniques - ECBA, CCBA, CBAP Endorsed
84.Your organization is using a plan-driven approach to business analysis.
What must you do with all of the communication documents created as part of this high-priority project
that you are serving as the business analyst for?
A. The communications management plan will dictate what will happen to the business analysis
communications.
B. All formal communication must be destroyed once the project is completed.
C. All communications must be archived and will become part of the organizational process assets.
D. All communications must be documented and passed onto the solution's project manager for
analysis and to serve as supporting detail.
Answer: A,C
Explanation:
A. The communications management plan will dictate what will happen to the business analysis
communications: This is a correct answer, as the communications management plan is a document
that describes how the communication needs and expectations of the stakeholders will be met,
including the methods, frequency, format, and distribution of the business analysis communications.
The communications management plan should also specify how the communications will be stored,
retrieved, and disposed of at the end of the project.
B. All formal communication must be destroyed once the project is completed: This is
an incorrect answer, as it contradicts the principle of traceability, which is the ability to link the
requirements and other business analysis deliverables to their sources and to the solution
components that satisfy them. Traceability helps to ensure the quality, completeness, and alignment
of the business analysis work. Destroying the communication documents would make it impossible to
trace the rationale, assumptions, decisions, and changes that occurred during the project.
C. All communications must be archived and will become part of the organizational process assets:
This is a correct answer, as the organizational process assets are the plans, processes, policies,
procedures, and knowledge bases that are specific to and used by the performing organization. They
include any artifact, practice, or knowledge that can help the organization to perform its business
analysis activities more effectively and efficiently. Archiving the communication documents would
enable the organization to reuse, update, or improve them for future projects or initiatives.
D. All communications must be documented and passed onto the solution’s project manager for
analysis and to serve as supporting detail: This is an incorrect answer, as it implies that the business
analyst is not responsible for analyzing the communication documents or providing supporting detail
for the solution. The business analyst is the primary role that performs the business analysis
activities, such as eliciting, analyzing, validating, and managing the requirements and other business
analysis deliverables. The project manager is the primary role that performs the project management
activities, such as initiating, planning, executing, monitoring, controlling, and closing the project. The
business analyst and the project manager should collaborate and communicate effectively throughout
the project, but they have different roles and responsibilities.

85.A new product that is tablet-enabled is being considered to replace an older product to process
orders. The data captured is sent to existing downstream applications which are not being updated.
What is the first thing that a business analyst (BA) should consider?
A. Conducting a vendor assessment
B. Performing an interface analysis
C. Identifying constraints and dependence
D. Developing process and data models
Answer: B
Explanation:
An interface analysis is a technique to identify and specify the information that is exchanged across
system boundaries. It helps to ensure that the data captured by the new product is compatible with
the existing downstream applications. A vendor assessment, a process and data model, and
constraints and dependencies are not the first things to consider in this scenario.
Reference: BABOK Guide v3, page 352; CCBA Mock Test, question 1

86.A business analyst (BA) has been tasked with examining and analyzing the relationship between a
set of requirements by verifying that they are unambiguous.
What will the BA be looking for?
A. That the relationship is necessary for understanding the requirements holistically.
B. That relationships are described in the same way, using the same set of standard descriptions.
C. That there is a genuine relationship and that the type of relationship is described.
D. That there are no relationships that link elements in two different and conflicting ways.
Answer: C
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed The BA mustverify that each relationship is legitimate and that its type is
correctly described. The BABOK® Guide (Chapter 5.2 - Specify and Model Requirements)
emphasizes that requirements should belogically relatedand their dependencies must be clearly
defined. Proper requirement relationships help in impact analysis, traceability, and scope
management.

87.Which basis for prioritization allows the project team to work initially with lower-risk requirements
first?
A. Quantitative ranking
B. Positive risk ranking
C. Relationship to other requirements
D. Implementation difficulty
Answer: B
Explanation:
Positive risk ranking is a basis for prioritization that allows the project team to work initially with lower-
risk requirements first. Positive risk ranking is a technique that assigns a score to each requirement
based on the level of risk associated with it, where a higher score indicates a lower risk and a lower
score indicates a higher risk. The requirements are then prioritized in descending order of their
scores, so that the project team can focus on the requirements that have the least uncertainty,
complexity, or volatility first, and defer the requirements that have the most uncertainty, complexity, or
volatility later. Positive risk ranking helps to reduce the likelihood and impact of potential problems,
issues, or changes that may affect the requirements or the solution12
Option A is incorrect because quantitative ranking is not a basis for prioritization that allows the
project team to work initially with lower-risk requirements first, but a technique that uses numerical
values to compare and rank the requirements based on multiple criteria, such as value, cost, risk,
urgency, dependency, etc. Quantitative ranking does not necessarily prioritize the lower-risk
requirements first, but the requirements that have the highest overall score based on the weighted
criteria34
Option C is incorrect because relationship to other requirements is not a basis for prioritization that
allows the project team to work initially with lower-risk requirements first, but a factor that considers
the dependencies and interdependencies among the requirements, such as prerequisite, co-requisite,
or conflicting requirements. Relationship to other requirements does not necessarily prioritize the
lower-risk requirements first, but the requirements that have the most influence or impact on the other
requirements.
Option D is incorrect because implementation difficulty is not a basis for prioritization that allows the
project team to work initially with lower-risk requirements first, but a factor that considers the effort,
time, resources, and skills required to implement the requirements. Implementation difficulty does not
necessarily prioritize the lower-risk requirements first, but the requirements that have the least
difficulty or complexity to implement.
Reference: Business Analysis Techniques - ECBA, CCBA, CBAP Endorsed, Section 8.5:
Prioritization, p. 101-102.
Certification of Capability in Business Analysis (CCBA®) - Simplilearn, Module 7: Requirements
Analysis and Design Definition, Lesson 7.5: Define Transition Requirements, p. 6-7.
Business Analysis Techniques - ECBA, CCBA, CBAP Endorsed, Section 8.5: Prioritization, p.
102-103.
Certification of Capability in Business Analysis (CCBA®) - Simplilearn, Module 7: Requirements
Analysis and Design Definition, Lesson 7.5: Define Transition Requirements, p. 8-9.
[Business Analysis Techniques - ECBA, CCBA, CBAP Endorsed], Section 8.5: Prioritization, p.
100-101.
[Certification of Capability in Business Analysis (CCBA®) - Simplilearn], Module 7: Requirements
Analysis and Design Definition, Lesson 7.5: Define Transition Requirements, p. 10-11.
[Business Analysis Techniques - ECBA, CCBA, CBAP Endorsed], Section 8.5: Prioritization, p. 100.
[Certification of Capability in Business Analysis (CCBA®) - Simplilearn], Module 7: Requirements
Analysis and Design Definition, Lesson 7.5: Define Transition Requirements, p. 12-13.

88.A business analyst (BA) is planning the traceability approach for a project.
Why should the BA conduct this planning activity?
A. To verify that project information is represented at a high level of abstraction
B. To document the relationship between the different phases of the project for different stakeholders
C. To ensure the approach provides enough detail to add value without excessive overhead
D. To associate information with individual or related groups of requirements
Answer: C
Explanation:
According to the BABOK® Guide, traceability is the ability to track the life of a requirement in both a
forward and backward direction. Traceability helps to manage the impact of changes, assess the
quality of the solution, and ensure that the solution meets the business needs. The business analyst
(BA) should plan the traceability approach for a project to ensure that the level of detail and the
relationships between requirements are appropriate for the project scope, complexity, and
stakeholders. The traceability approach should provide enough detail to add value without excessive
overhead, such as time, cost, and effort.
Reference: BABOK® Guide, Version 3, Chapter 3: Business Analysis Planning and Monitoring,
Section 3.5: Plan Requirements Management Process, Page 42; Chapter 6: Requirements Life Cycle
Management, Section 6.1: Traceability and Monitoring, Page 140.

89.A business analyst (BA) has discovered an old checklist prepared for another initiative, which
includes the following characteristics: Complete, Feasible, Unambiguous, Testable.
What is the purpose of this checklist?
A. To validate requirements
B. To measure solution performance
C. To compare solution options
D. To verify requirements
Answer: D
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed This checklist aligns with requirement verification, which ensures that
the requirements are complete, clear, testable, and feasible before they are validated or implemented.
BABOK® Guide (Chapter 8.2 - Verify Requirements) states that requirements must be evaluated
against criteria such as clarity, feasibility, testability, and correctness to be considered complete and
usable.
Validation (Option A) focuses on ensuring requirements meet business needs, but verification (Option
D) ensures their structure and quality are correct.
Measuring solution performance (Option B) occurs after implementation, not during requirements
definition.

90.According to the book 'A Guide to the Business Analysis Body of Knowledge', effective business
analysis practices can do what to the amount of change to requirements in a stable business
environment?
A. Reduce the amount of change, but not eliminate entirely.
B. Document the changes to requirements.
C. Control the frequency of the change.
D. Eliminate the change entirely.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Effective business analysis practices aim to minimize the amount of change to requirements in a
stable business environment by ensuring that the requirements are well-understood, properly
documented, and agreed upon by all stakeholders. While it is not possible to eliminate changes
entirely due to the evolving nature of business and technology, good business analysis can
significantly reduce the frequency and impact of these changes.
Reference: The BABOK® Guide emphasizes the importance of assessing requirements changes to
maintain a stable baseline for the requirements. It also highlights the need for approval of
requirements to ensure stakeholder support and buy-in123.

91.Shelly is the business analyst for her organization and she's working with Thomas to review the
business requirements. They are discussing the identified requirements, how the requirements will
transition to the operations, and the longevity of the solution. Thomas is concerned that the identified
requirements may not map to the desired future state of the organization.
What business analysis task is Shelly facilitating in this scenario?
A. Acceptance evaluation criteria definition
B. Requirements quality assurance
C. Validate requirements
D. Stakeholder management
Answer: C
Explanation:
The business analysis task that Shelly is facilitating in this scenario is validate requirements. This task
involves ensuring that the requirements align with the business objectives, goals, and vision of the
organization, and that they support the delivery of value. Shelly and Thomas are reviewing the
requirements to verify that they are consistent, feasible, and acceptable for the stakeholders. The
other options are not relevant to this scenario, as they involve defining the criteria for accepting the
solution (A) , ensuring the quality of the requirements documentation (B) , or managing the
relationships and expectations of the stakeholders (D) .
Reference: CERTIFICATION OF CAPABILITY IN BUSINESS ANALYSIS, Certification of Capability in
Business Analysis (CCBA®) - Simplilearn

92.What does MoSCoW mean when it comes to requirements prioritization?

A. Must, Should, Could, Would
B. Money, Schedule, Control, Waiting
C. Must, Should, Could, Won't
D. Mustn't, Shouldn't, Couldn't, Won't
Answer: C
Explanation:
MoSCoW is a prioritization technique used in business analysis and project management to
categorize requirements into four levels of priority: Must have, Should have, Could have, and Won’t
have. This method helps teams focus on the most critical requirements that need to be satisfied for a
project to be successful, while also identifying which requirements can be deferred or excluded if
necessary.
Must have: These are non-negotiable requirements that are essential for the project’s success. If
these are not met, the project is considered a failure.
Should have: These are important but not critical requirements. They are high-priority items that can
be scheduled for a future release without impacting the current one.
Could have: These are desirable requirements that do not affect the overall success of the project.
They can be included if time and resources permit.
Won’t have: These are the lowest priority requirements or those that are not necessary for the
current delivery cycle. They are recognized but not planned for the current project timeline.
Reference: The MoSCoW method is detailed in the Dynamic System Development Method (DSDM)
handbook and is widely used across various industries for effective project management

93.You are the business analyst for your organization. You've believed that your solution can actually
be purchased from outside vendor rather than trying to create the solution internally. You decide to
ask the vendor to provide a fee for their services based on the statement of work.
What document will you give the vendor along with the statement of work?
A. Request for quote
B. Contract terms
C. Request for proposal
D. Purchase order
Answer: A
Explanation:
A request for quote (RFQ) is a document that invites vendors to provide a price quote for their
products or services based on a detailed statement of work (SOW) . The SOW describes the scope,
specifications, deliverables, and acceptance criteria of the solution that the organization needs. The
RFQ allows the organization to compare different vendors based on their prices and capabilities, and
to select the best one for the project.
Reference: The information is verified as per the CCBA Learning documents and resources, which
outline the standards and practices for business analysis. You can find more information about the
RFQ and the SOW in the CCBA guide1 and the BABOK Guide2 available through the IIBA website
and bookstore3. You can also find some useful resources and sample questions from other sources.

94.A business analyst (BA) is tasked with performing a gap analysis between two existing systems to
combine into a single system or run just one system.
Which of the following modeling formats will show the requirements for both systems side by side?
A. Bubble Chart
B. Activity Flow
C. Glossary
D. Matrix
Answer: D
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed AMatrixis the best modeling technique for gap analysis, as it provides
aside-by-side comparison of requirements, functionalities, or processes between two systems. This
helps the BAidentify gaps, redundancies, and missing features when consolidating or choosing
between systems. The BABOK® Guide (Chapter 10.33 - Matrices) states that matrices are
particularly useful for cross-referencing and tracking relationships between different sets of
requirements.

95.A business analyst (BA) conducted a requirements elicitation session with project stakeholders
and communicated the results. The project sponsor expressed concern with certain requirements that
address the federal government legislation.
What must the BA do to address the concern of the project sponsor?
A. Ensure requirements are traceable up to user acceptance testing.
B. Reassure the project sponsor that testing will be conducted diligently.
C. Determine the communication plan for requirements.
D. Compare requirements with compliance requirements.
Answer: D
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Since the concern is about compliance with federal legislation, the BA
must compare the requirements with regulatory requirements to ensure compliance.
The BABOK® Guide (Chapter 10.37 - Risk Analysis and Management) states that failure to ensure
compliance with government regulations can result in legal and financial risks. Traceability (Option A)
is important but does not directly address compliance concerns.
Reassuring the sponsor (Option B) is not a valid solution without confirming compliance.
Communication planning (Option C) helps with engagement but does not resolve compliance risks.

96.A business analyst (BA) is working on a project involving the purchase of a commercial off-the-
shelf (COTS) product. All internal risks have been identified and assessed.
What is the BA's next course of action?
A. Consult the business case
B. Assess external risks
C. Perform an environmental scan
D. Review the business objectives
Answer: B
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed After assessing internal risks, the BA must evaluate external risks, such
as vendor stability, market trends, and regulatory impacts, to ensure the chosen COTS solution
remains viable.
BABOK® Guide (Chapter 10.37 - Risk Analysis and Management) states that risk assessment must
include external factors, including vendor reliability and external dependencies.
Consulting the business case (Option A) provides project justification but does not assess risks.
Environmental scans (Option C) analyze broader industry trends but are not risk-specific.
Reviewing business objectives (Option D) aligns strategy but does not assess external risks.

97.The business analyst (BA) has an item logged in the action items register requiring the verification
of forthcoming legislation in the next 3 months that might have an impact on the proposed
architecture.
What should the BA do next?
A. Transfer the item to the legal department
B. Determine the performance measures
C. Assess the impact immediately
D. Present the item to the project manager
Answer: C
 Explanation:
The BA should assess the impact of the forthcoming legislation immediately when it is logged in the
action items register. This is because assessing the impact of a change is a technique that involves
analyzing how a change affects the existing or proposed solution, business processes, stakeholders,
or organization. Assessing the impact of the forthcoming legislation immediately can help the BA to
identify and mitigate any potential risks or issues that might have an impact on the proposed
architecture and plan accordingly. The other options are not as urgent or appropriate as assessing
the impact immediately.
Reference: BABOK Guide, section 10.16: Impact Analysis
CCBA Practice Test, question 115

98.A newly implemented personal loan financing system has been in operation for one month. The
business objective is to reduce the loan processing time from 11 days to 3 days but it is currently
occurring in 4.5 days.
What must the business analyst (BA) do next?
A. Validate the performance measure
B. Analyze the current state
C. Assess the risks
D. Determine requirements changes
Answer: A
Explanation:
Validating the performance measure is the process of ensuring that the measure is relevant, reliable,
and accurate for evaluating the solution performance. The business analyst (BA) must validate the
performance measure to determine if it reflects the actual loan processing time, and if it is aligned
with the business objective and the stakeholder expectations. Analyzing the current state, assessing
the risks, and determining requirements changes are possible actions that the BA may take after
validating the performance measure, depending on the results of the validation.
Reference: IIBA
CCBA Certification Exam Sample Questions - Process Exam, [BABOK® Guide v3], Chapter 6:
Solution
Evaluation, Section 6.1: Measure Solution Performance, p. 178.

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