7 IV April 2019

https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2019.4186
 International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 6.887
Volume 7 Issue IV, Apr 2019- Available at www.ijraset.com

Smart Parking System Using IOT

Prof. Geeta Chillarge1, Landge Kiran2, Khedekar Tanmayee3, Bankar Pradnya4, Khanvilkar Chaitrali5
1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Department of Computer Engineering, Marathwada Mitra Mandal College Of Engineering, Pune

Abstract: As we can see “parking” is a major problem in big cities, as we have limited space and number of vehicles are increasing
day by day. Thus automated parking system development is necessary.
This paper introduces parking management system for Android which will be consisting of user reservation, slot
reservation, and finally payment. Initially system will get user registered and then he/she can book slot for certain time
period accordingly he/she will charge for the same. This system will help user to book park slot at any time form any remote
location..
Keywords: Nearest parking area, reduced time, smart parking.

I. INTRODUCTION.
This paper represents automated parking system which is a necessary development as we see parking is major issue in big cities that
drivers doesn’t get any place to park their vehicles and result in travelling more than required causing more fuel consumption. It is
difficult task as there is limited space and number of vehicles are increasing day by day sometimes it is cliché task to find park lot
on weekend and holidays so pre-booked park lot will help user to get park lot easily. This system will assist the park to make user
more comfortable to park his/her vehicle in his, and allotted slot. To do so we need to determine environment of parking lot and slot
is allotted to user according to availability.

II. LITERATURE SURVEY

First Paper represent the system is smart car parking reservation application and security, maintenance in a private car parking field.
The system allocates the parking space to the user by observing the distance between the user and the parking space and calculates
the average time for the user entering the parking space.
Receipts scanner and financial organizer
In second reference paper the authors have introduced the system which makes use of IoT technology and cloud computing to
develop an enhanced parking system.
Cloud computing is used for storing real time data of sensors and user data.
The Third reference paper represented the system that is reservation-based parking system represented using an Android application.
This system works on algorithms of parking space detection and nearest resource allocation.
The fourth reference paper represented the concept of new smart parking solves the parking problem by using mixed integer linear
problem.
Algorithm used is optimal parking based on resource allocation and reservation.

III.PROPOSED WORK

Fig. 1 smart parking system

©IJRASET: All Rights are Reserved 1032

 International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 6.887
Volume 7 Issue IV, Apr 2019- Available at www.ijraset.com

IV. PROTOTYPE ARCHITECTURE

This system consists of various modules like server, database, mobile application and parking slot arrangement. In this system, an
Android application is provided to user for parking slot booking purpose. A user must first download the android application in his
android mobile phone. Then the user must register him with appropriate details like name, phone number, vehicle number, email id
and password.
The registered information is then sent to the server system and data is stored in the cloud database. Along with user’s information
parking slot information is also stored in the cloud database which is always updated, and server manages and updates this
information and keeps sending notification to the user after booking of parking slot. For booking a parking slot user first needs to
get logged in.
Then user request for a particular parking slot through a mobile application. The database fetches the empty slot information which
is provided through Arduino. At the parking slot there is a mechanism where Arduino and IR sensor is used. Arduino is used for
managing IR sensor. The IR sensor is used for detecting the presence of vehicle in the parking slot. Whenever the car enters in the
parking slot IR sensor will sense its presence and gives information to the Arduino and all the information is stored at cloud. System
allocates user with a parking slot using the information related to parking slot fetched from cloud. This system is very simple and
user-friendly.

V. PROPOSED ALGORITHM
In our proposed system algorithm used is Reeds-shepp. This algorithm is used for

A. Parking Lot Occupancy Detection

Parking Lot Map Construction-
The map is constructed with four information:
1) Parking slots’ position (x, y, ψ);
2) Centerline of the parking lot boundary
3) Parking slots’ size;
4) On-map localization information

B. Reeds-Shepp Curves based Path Generation:

Path generation problem for automated parking can be considered as a simple 2D-path generation because the slope of the parking
lot is negligible. Also the total path length is relatively short compared to driving on the road, the error which occurs due to the
ignoring of the road slope can be ignored.
Thus, 2D-path is enough to design the reference path for automated parking control. To generate the reference path, the
characteristics of the vehicle motion should be considered not to design the unreasonable path which could not be tracked. If the
steering angle is constant and the velocity of the vehicle is enough low not to saturate the tire force, the motion of vehicle can be
approximated as a circular motion which is traveled by the center of the rear axle.

C. Vehicle Control
1) Lateral Controller Design: The lateral controller calculates steering wheel angle, which is sum of feedforward and feedback
input, to track the reference path. Generally, error dynamics based feedback controller is used to tracking the path in normal
driving condition. However, centimeter level accuracy is needed to park the vehicle without collision because there is not
enough safety margin in parking lot. Also steering input is easily increased as maximum value in parking process. This means
that if the tracking error is largely increased, it is difficult to reduce error while parking sequence. To deal with this problem,
curvature based feedforward input is used to impose the control input before tracking error is generated. 3rd order curve which
is fitted using nearest 7 waypoints is used to compute the curvature of the reference path. For feedback input, linear quadratic
regulator (LQR) is used to determine optimal feedback control gain.
2) Longitudinal Controller Design: The longitudinal controller of autonomous vehicle usually designed as two-level structure,
upper level controller and lower level controller. The upper level controller decides the desired speed or desired acceleration of
vehicle to satisfy the desired motion. After that, the lower level controller calculates proper throttle and brake command to track
the desired command of upper level controller. In this paper, the reference path is designed using Reeds-Shepp curves which
assumed the desired velocity of the vehicle is constant. Therefore, designing the lower level controller is only needed.

©IJRASET: All Rights are Reserved 1033

 International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 6.887
Volume 7 Issue IV, Apr 2019- Available at www.ijraset.com

VI. RESULTS
This system is working on android application. This application is easily available on play store, this application shown the available
parking slot to the user which will help the user to book slot in advance also. User can view their reservation and also can cancel the
reservation.

VII. CONCLUSION
These proposed system is useful for solving the real time problem of insufficient parking slot availability, traffic congestion problem
in big cities such as shopping complexes, school and colleges and popular places, especially during their peak hour.
Database used in these system is cloud database which is used to store huge data such as user details, vehicle no. ,vehicle type, slot
details, etc.

VIII. FUTURE SCOPE

Our system is currently working only for android-platform mobile application. It can be rebuilt in a multi-platform structure so that
windows and iphones users can also use this app.

REFERENCES
[1] S.S.Bhagat, A.D.Bagul, P.N.Patil, S.A.Dahale, “Perceptive Car Parking Booking System with IoT Technology”, International Research Journal of Engineering
and Technology (IRJET), Vol.05, 02 February 2018.
[2] R.Kawadkar, P.Chawda, A.Gurav, S.Patil, M.Doshi, “Intelligent Parking System based on Cloud using IoT”, International Journal of Recent Trends in
Engineering & Research (IJRTER), Vol.04, 04 April 2018.
[3] Yonghwan Jeong, Seonwook Kim, Kyongsu Yi, “Design and implementation of Parking Control Algorithm for Autonomous Valet Parking”, SAE Technical
Paper 2016-10-0416, 2016, doi: 10.4271/2016-01-0146, 04 May 2016.
[4] F.I.Shaikh, P.N.Jadhav, S.P.Bandarkar, O.P.Kulkarni, N.B.Shardoor, “Smart Parking System based on Embedded System and Sensor Network”, International
Journal of Computer Applications (0975-8887), Vol.140, No.12,April 2016.
[5] Deepthi.S, Anil.A.R, “Smart Parking System Based on Internet of Things”, International Journal of Engineering Science and Computing (IJESC), Vol.06,
No.11, 2016.
[6] Arshdeep Bahga and Vijay Madisetti, “Internet of Things A Hands-On Approach”, Universities Press, 2015.
[7] Brian Hardy and Bill Philips, “Android Programming: The Big Nerd Ranch Guide”, Big Nerd Ranch Inc.,2013.

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