Frontend Development & Next.
js Interview Cheat Sheet
HTML
- Semantic Tags (header, article, section)
- Forms and Validation
- Accessibility (ARIA roles)
- SEO Best Practices
CSS
- Flexbox and Grid
- Media Queries
- Box Model, Positioning
- Transitions and Animations
JavaScript
- ES6+: let/const, arrow functions, destructuring
- DOM Manipulation, Events
- Promises, async/await
- Closures, Hoisting, Scope
React.js
- JSX, Components
- State, Props, Hooks (useState, useEffect)
- Context API, React Router
- Performance: memo, lazy loading
Next.js
- File-based Routing, Dynamic Routes
- Data Fetching: getStaticProps, getServerSideProps
- API Routes, Image Optimization
- Deployment (Vercel)
Frontend Development & Next.js Interview Cheat Sheet
Tools & UI Libraries
- Git/GitHub, NPM, Webpack, Babel
- ESLint, Prettier
- Tailwind CSS, Bootstrap, MUI
Fresher Interview Q&A
Q: Difference between == and ===?
A: == checks value, === checks value and type.
Q: What is Virtual DOM?
A: Lightweight copy of real DOM. React updates only changed parts.
Q: Props vs State?
A: Props are read-only, State is mutable inside component.
Q: What are hooks?
A: Functions like useState, useEffect to use React features in functional components.
Q: Flexbox vs Grid?
A: Flexbox is 1D layout; Grid is 2D.
Experienced Interview Q&A
Q: React app performance optimizations?
A: Code splitting, memoization, avoid re-renders.
Q: SSR vs SSG vs ISR?
A: SSR: per request, SSG: at build, ISR: revalidates periodically.
Q: useEffect vs useLayoutEffect?
A: useEffect: after paint, useLayoutEffect: before paint.
Frontend Development & Next.js Interview Cheat Sheet
Q: Global state?
A: Context API, Redux, Zustand.
Q: Secure API routes?
A: Middleware, auth checks in getServerSideProps.