CONTEMPORARY ART FORMS AND PRACTICES FROM THE REGIONS

1. PLANTING RICE- Fernando Amorsolo

2. DALAGANG BUKID- Fernando Amorsolo
3. SPOLIARIUM- Juna Luna
4. BAYANIHAN- Carlos Francisco
5. PISTA SA ANGONO- Carlos Francisco

CONTEMPORARY ART
 Contemporary art is the art that springs out of the present-day events and
passions of the society. It is the newest form of art, amusing people from the
middle to the late 20th century up to this very minute.
 Authorities in the arts place the emergence of contemporary art sometime
during the start of postmodernism in the west, around the late 1970s.
 Modern art emerged in the late 1800s and continued to grow for more or less a
century. It slowly waned in the middle to late 20th century when
postmodernism came to light.

THE SUBJECTS OF ART

 REALISM
 DISTORTION
 ABSTRACT
 NON- OBJECTIVISM

THE ELEMENTS OF ARTS

 Art forms in the different regions vary in subject, theme, style, medium, and
technique.

1. SPACE
o Space in visual arts can be defined as a void, an emptiness which can either be
positive or negative.
o Space refers to the area that is occupied by an object or a subject, as well as
the area surrounding that object or subject.
o An illusion of space can still be created in a two-dimensional surface using
perspective. There are two types of perspective: atmospheric perspective,
which utilizes the properties of light and air in depicting the illusion of distance;
and linear perspective, which involves the use of vanishing points and receding
hidden lines.

2. LINE
o Line is the extension of a point, a short or long mark drawn or carved on a
surface.
o This refers to a prolongation of a point or a mark on a surface. Solid lines can
be used in order to define FORM while broken lines are typically used to
suggest hidden forms.

3. SHAPE AND FORM

o Shape and Form when the ends of a line meet, they form a shape. It can also
be described as a figure separate from its surrounding area or background.
o This element refers to an area with boundaries identified or drawing lines. A
shape may be natural or living forms called an organic shape and can be
irregular or rounded. It may also be measured forms called geometric shape.

4. COLOR
o Probably the most striking art element that catches the eye is COLOR. It is a
sensation created by visible wavelengths of light caught in a prism.
o This refers to visual perception that allows a person to differentiate objects due
to the way various wavelengths of light are reflected.
o Color is a very important element because it can communicate information and
emotion to the viewer. These are the three properties of color: HUE, VALUE,
SATURATION

5. TEXTURE
o Texture is the surface of an artwork. A texture can be actual or tactile,
meaning, it can really be felt by touch, or it can be simulated or illusory, which
mean it can only be seen, not felt.
o This element refers to the feel or appearance of a surface. Person may describe
as actual or implied. Actual texture can be felt tangibly based on the material
that is used for the artwork while implied texture can be exhibited, for instance,
in a painting of fur of an animal.

6. TIME AND MOTION

o Time and motion (Movement) in the visual arts can either be an illusion or an
actual motion. An illusion of movement is more common in two-dimensional
artworks. On the other hand, actual motion is easily seen in kinetic sculpture
that moves with the wind or are vibrating with the surrounding air.

PHILIPPINE ARTS IN MODERN ERA

 Modern Filipino Artists have more freedom to explore on his own.
 Their style is from cross-cultural exposures in the Eastern and Western world
yet they have not forgotten their Filipino roots.
 Many of them use color for their emotional rather than intellectual values
 Contemporary artworks use a variety of materials and techniques, including
new technologies such as computers, three-dimensional, live elements and
performances, etc.

EXAMPLE OF CONTEMPORARY ART IN SOME REGIONS IN THE

PHILIPPINES
 DANCE - a performing art that involves rhythmic body movement within a
given space, choreographed based on musical beat. Performed either in front
of an audience or by everyone on a dance floor.

1. PANGALAY
o Pangalay is a traditional Tausug dance, from Jolo and Tawi-Tawi, characterized
by elaborate body postures and gestures and the graceful arm and hand
movement of the dancer, amplified by the use of janggay or metal claws. The
dance is performed to the music of the kulintangan, gandang, agong and
gabang. Commonly referred to as the fingernail dance, Pangalay is usually
performed during weddings and other festive celebrations.

2. SINGKIL
o The Singkíl originated from the Maranao people who inhabit the shores of Lake
Lanao. It is derived from a story in the Darangen, the Maranao interpretation of
the ancient Indian epic, the Ramayana. The name of the dance itself means "to
entangle the feet with disturbing objects such as vines or anything in your
path". It is a popular dance performed during celebrations and other festive
entertainment. Originally only women, particularly royalty, danced the Singkíl,
which serves as either a conscious or unconscious advertisement to potential
suitors.

ELEMENTS OF DANCE
1. THEME – most basic element of a dance. It conveys the message of a dance.
2. DESIGN – pattern of movement in time and space.
3. MOVEMENT – the bodily actions of the dancer that include his steps.
4. TECHNIQUE – the skill of movement executed by the dancer.
5. MUSIC – the auditory background to which a dancer moves.
6. COSTUME & BODY PARAPHERNALIA – properties worn by the dancer that
help reflect the message, customs and beliefs.
7. CHOREOGRAPHY – the figures and steps in dancing that enable the dancers
to perform in an organized manner.
8. SCENERY – the background or setting where the dance is performed to make
it more realistic and enriching.

PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN
HARMONY
 This refers to the wholeness of the design, the pleasing arrangement of parts,
and the agreement between parts of a composition, resulting in a united whole.

VARIETY
 It pertains to the assortment or diversity of a work of art.

RHYTHM
 It is the regular, repeated pattern in the elements of art. It is a flow, or feeling
of movement, achieved by the distribution of visual units in time.

PROPORTION
 Elements in a work of art should have a relationship with one another. This
relationship is called proportion.

BALANCE
 Pertains to the even distribution of weight. It is the principle that deals with
equality.

MOVEMENT
 This is a fundamental principle in choreography and the theatre arts.

THE VARIOUS ART FORMS FOUND IN THE PHILIPPINES

PRE-COLONIAL ART
 Through migration and trade during Pre-Colonial Period, there was a lively
cultural interchange between the Philippines and other Asian countries. Pre-
Colonial Art Through migration and trade during Pre-Colonial Period, there was
a lively cultural interchange between the Philippines and other Asian countries.

PAINTINGS
 Introduced by Spaniards during 16th century. They use paintings as religious
propaganda. Painting refers to the process of applying color on a flat surface.
Forms can be created using a wide variety of materials such as watercolor,
acrylic, ink, oil, pastel, and charcoal.

FORMS OF PAINTING
EASEL PAINTING
 The easel painting is perhaps the most common form of painting which
involves applying color to a board or canvas that is fixed on an upright support
called an easel. These are meant to be framed and hanged on a wall after
creating them.

MURALS
 A mural is described as a huge wall-sized painting used to impart messages to
the public. A new form of. Mural which is a portable mural, was developed in
order to prevent the mural from being erased from the wall which was created
by using bold strokes in applying bright colors on pieces of cheesecloth or
canvas.

TELON PAINTING
 A telon is describes as a backdrop or background for the stage which are used
for komedya, sarswela, and sinakulo, the popular forms of theater in the
country.

JEEPNEY AND CALESA PAINTING

 The calesa is typically painted using one color. The borders of the calesa are
decorated with geometric patterns, repetitive patterns, and/or thin lines.

COLLAGE
 This refers to a form of painting that involves combine images in a single
artwork. This entails cutting and pasting materials such as paper, fabric, tin foil
and other relatively flat materials onto a board or canvas.

DANCE
 Refers to the movement of the body in a rhythmic way, usually to music and
within a given space, for the purpose of expressing an idea or emotion,
releasing energy, or simply taking delight in the movement itself

TYPES OF FILIPINO DANCE

BANGA
 Illustrates the grace and strength of women in the Kalinga tribe of Cordillera
Autonomous Region (CAR). Women performing the Banga balance heavy pots
on their heads while dancing to beat of wind chimes.

LUMAGEN OR TACHOK
 It is performed to celebrate happy occasions. When Lumagen is performed, it is
meant to symbolize flying birds and is musically paired to the beat of gongs.

SALISID
 It is the dance to show courtship. In the Salisid dance, a male and a female
performer represent a rooster attempting to attract a hen.

MALAKAS AT MAGANDA
 It is a national folklore dance. It tells the story of the origin of the Filipino
people on the islands.

BINAYLAN
 The Binaylan dance, tells the story of a hen, the hen's baby, and a hawk. In this
dance, the hawk is said to control a tribe's well-being, and is killed by hunters
after attempting to harm the hen's baby.
TINIKLING
 Take two long bamboo sticks rapidly and in rhythm, clap sticks for dancers to
artistically and daringly try to avoid getting their feet caught between them.

SINGKIL
 In this dance, there are four bamboo sticks arranged in a tictac-toe pattern in
which the dancers exploit every position of these clashing sticks. It is
identifiable with the use of umbrellas and silk clothing.

PANGALAY
 It is a traditional Tausug dance, from Jolo and Tawi-Tawi, characterized by
elaborate body postures and gestures and the graceful arm and hand
movement of the dancer, amplified by the use of janggay or metal claws. The
dance is performed to the music of the kulintangan, gandang, agong and
gabang. Commonly referred to as the fingernail dance, Pangalay is usually
performed during weddings and other festive celebrations.

WEAVING
 Weaving is a method of textile production in which two distinct sets of yarns or
threads are interlaced at right angles to form a fabric or cloth. Other methods
are knitting, crocheting, felting, and braiding or plaiting. The longitudinal
threads are called the warp and the lateral threads are the weft, woof, or filling.
(Weft is an old English word meaning "that which is woven"; compare leave
and left.) The method in which these threads are inter-woven affects the
characteristics of the cloth.

WEAVING METHOD
TEXTILE WEAVING
 This refers to the process of creating cloth by interweaving a series of parallel
vertical threads with another series of horizontal threads at right angles.

MAT WEAVING
 This refers to the art of “plaiting strips of organic fibers into mats”. These mats,
locally known as banig, are cool, light, and portable compared to fixed beds.

BASKETRY
 This refers to the art of creating containers by weaving, plaiting, or braiding
materials into hollow three-dimensional shapes that can either be used for
carrying, storage and trapping animals.
KALAKAT WEAVING
 The process used on the oil palm fronds into finished product is thru pruning
the green stalk, then splitting and cleaning the fronds, drying, weaving and
cutting or trimming the edges.

SCULPTURING
 From the transitional carving of anitos to the santos to Christ and down to the
saints, Filipinos find it rather not difficult as they are already familiar with the
ways of the wood.

GENERAL KINDS OF SCULPTURE

FREE STANDING
 This is a kind of sculpture that can independently stand in space. It has a flat
horizontal base. All its sides contribute to the overall form of the sculpture.

RELIEF
 This kind of sculpture does not have a flat horizontal base. The form is
projected from a flat surface. There are two types of relief – low relief or bas-
relief which is slightly from the flat surface; and high relief. Cagayan de Oro’s
Legendary River Monster is an example of relief sculpture.

ASSEMBLAGE
 This sculpture is formed by putting together materials such as found objects,
pieces of paper, sponges, wood scraps, and other materials. A good example of
this is Lamberto Hechanova’s Man and Woman.

KINETIC SCULPTURE
 This is considered as a sculpture in motion because the entire sculpture or
some parts of the sculpture are moving with the wind or are vibrating with the
surrounding air.

WELDED SCULPTURES
 Creating these sculptures involve the process of. connecting sheets of metal
together by using an acetylene or electric torch.

USE OF GLASS
 A kind of sculpture where the medium of expression used by the artist is glass.

SYMBOLIC SCULPTURE
 It is a kind of sculpture in which an abstract idea is represented by means of
allegory and personification

FORMS OF SCULPTURE
WOOD CARVING
 In Southern Philippines, the Maranao and Tausug of Mindanao are known for
their okir, ornate curvilinear designs and motifs applied to wood carving. The
principal okir designs are the sarimanok, the naga, and the pako rabong.
SARIMANOK
 It is the legendary bird or “artificial cock” that has become an ubiquitous
symbol of Maranao art. It is depicted as a fowl with wings and feathered tail,
holding a fish on its beak or talons. The head is profusely decorated with scroll,
leaf and spiral motifs.

NAGA
 It has form of an elaborate mythical serpent or dragon with vigorous S curve.

PAKO RABONG
 It is a stylized growing fern with a broad base gracefully tapering upwards.

POTTERY
 Is one of the oldest and most widespread of the decorative arts, consisting of
objects made of clay and hardened with heat. The objects made are commonly
useful ones, such as vessels for holding liquids or plates or bowls from which
food can be served.

TYPES OF POTTERY
EARTHENWARE OR TERRACOTTA
 This type of pottery is made from clay and is usually fired at 1,700- 2,100 ᵒF.

STONEWARE
 This type of pottery is made from clay and feldspar.

PORCELAIN
 This type of pottery is made from kaolin, a special type of clay that is extra
fine, white and feldspar.

ISLAMIC ART
 Islamic art is characterized by designs of flowers, plant forms and geometric
designs. It is used in calligraphy, architecture, painting, clothing and other
 forms of fine arts. In the 13th century, traders and missionaries have
introduced the religion of Islam in the Philippines.

ISLAMIC ART
CALLIGRAPHY
 It is a visual art related to writing. It is the design and execution of lettering
with a broad-tipped instrument, brush, or other writing instrument.

ARCHITECTURE
 Architecture is considered to be one of the most functional branches of the
visual arts. We can freely see architecture in our surroundings because
architecture involves designing the form of a building while allowing the
building to serve its function. It is considered to be the “art to inhabit.”

FORMS OF CONTEMPORARY ARCHITECTURE

(DOMESTIC BUILDINGS AND HOUSES)
APARTMENT
 This refers to a building composed of many residences called units. This is
usually built in populated urban areas. Nowadays, in order to maximize the use
of space and because of the increased buying power of the population,
condominiums were developed.

BAHAY NA BATO
 The bahay na bato is considered to be a residence of. the wealthy. A typical
two-storey bahay na bato generally has a ground floor that is made of brick or
stone, and has a wooden upper level. The windows and the level have grilles,
while the windows at the upper level have sliding shutters. The roof of a typical
bahay na bato slants on four sides.

BARONG-BARONG
 The barong-barong are houses of the landless poor that are built on any land or
area. These are usually found near the esteros, riverbanks, and bayshores;
spaces along high walls, railroad tracks; spaces near abandoned buildings, and
garbage dumps; or any vacant lot. Some of these barong-barong are built
under bridges.

BUNGALOW
 This refers to one-story house with a wide front porch and large windows. It
may also have a terrace, which may be roofed or not.
FORMS OF CONTEMPORARY ARCHITECTURE (ETHNIC HOUSES)
BAHAY KUBO
 The bahay kubo is considered as an ethnic house of Christian peasant families
living in the lowland areas. This is typically owned by families belonging in low
income groups.

HOUSE BOAT
 The houseboat is basically a boat that also serves as dwelling. The Badjaos or
Sama Laut typically reside in houseboats.

BARONG-BARONG
 The Philippine tsalet refers to a suburban house that has one story, a two-story
house with living quarters on the upper level, or an elevated one-story house.
The term tsalet came from the term “chalet” which refers to a peasant house
in Switzerland that has upper levels jutting over the lower levels, a steep roof
and a decorated gable.

ELEMENTS OR PRINCIPLES OF CONTEMPORARY ARTS

APPROPRIATION
 Existing artworks are appropriated to produce another artwork. Usage of prints,
images, and icons to produce another art form. Combines past from the
present. Revives interests to existing forms of art.
PERFORMANCE
 Performance evolved to “emphasize spontaneous elements of chance”.
Interpreting various human activities such as ordinary activities such as chores,
routines and rituals, to socially relevant themes such as poverty,
commercialism and war.

SPACE
 Arts transforming space. For example, flash mobs, art installations in malls and
parks. Art form that is performed and positioned in a specific space such as
public places.

HYBRIDITY
 Usage of unconventional materials, mixing of unlikely materials to produce an
artwork. For example, coffee for painting; miniature sculptures using crayons.

TECHNOLOGY
 Usage of technology in the creation and dissemination of art works. Video
phenomenon from MTV to Youtube. Recording performances, video posting,
sharing, live streaming.

SIGNIFICANCE OF ART FORMS FROM THE REGION

SPOLIARIUM BY: JUAN LUNA
 The painting features a glimpse of Roman history centered on the bloody
carnage brought by gladiatorial matches.
 Spoliarium is a Latin word referring to the basement of the Roman
Colosseum where the fallen and dying gladiators are dumped and devoid of
their worldly possessions.

PLANTING RICE BY: FERNANDO AMORSOLO

 Truest Philippine culture, this is the theme that composes most of Fernando
Amorsolo’s artworks.
 Rice planting is among those that depicts the real Filipino tradition that is still
applicable until the present time.
 The painting is set on the rice field wherein farmers, regardless of their gender,
are on with their usual work under a bright sunny day. Its visual weight is light
because the colors used were mostly pastel in nature. No dark colors were
used to produce a feeling of calm and peace.
 It was an ideal picture of provincial life like most of his paintings. He painted
the details as to how it might look in real life. However, faces of the farmers
were not vividly detailed because their Buri hats covered them. Supposing that
the sun was on its peak.

TINIKLING
 It is a traditional folk dance which originates from the Spanish colonial era.
 The dance imitates the movement of the tikling birds as they dodge bamboo
traps set by rice farmers.
 Dancers mimic the tikling bird’s grace and agility by dancing between large
bamboo poles.
 The tinikling is one of the oldest dances from the Philippines, and originated in
the islands of Leyte in Visayas.
 According to the legend, the Tinikling was started by people who worked in the
paddies and farms of the Ph.
MAGLALATIK
 It is an indigenous dance from the Philippines in which coconut shell halves
that are secured onto the dancers’ hands and on vests upon which are hung
four or six more coconut shell halves.
 The dancers – all male – perform the dance by hitting one coconut shell with
the other – sometimes the ones on the hands, sometimes, the ones on the
body, and sometimes the shell worn by another performer, all in time to a fast
drumbeat.
 Originally performed in Binan, Laguna as a mock-war dance that
demonstrates a fight between the Moros and the Christians over the prized
latik or coconut meat during the Spanish rule, the dance is also shown to
pay tribute to the town’s patron saint, San Isidro Labrador.

THE OBLATION BY: GUILLERMO TOLENTINO

 The Oblation is a concrete statue by Filipino artist Guillermo E. Tolentino which
serves as the iconic symbol of the University of the Philippines. It depicts a man
facing upward with arms outstretched, symbolizing selfless offering of oneself
to his country.

PAINTING
 The expression of ideas and emotions, with the creation of certain aesthetic
qualities, in a two-dimensional visual language.
 The elements of this language – its shapes, lines, colors, tones, and textures –
are used in various ways to produce sensations of volume, space, movement,
and light on a flat surface.
 The first paintings here in the Philippines are commissioned works during
Spanish colonization. Here are some paintings from Luzon, Visayas and
Mindanao.
 Luzon- The Sketch by Victorio Edades
 Visayas- Magellan’s Cross by Raul Agas
 Mindanao- Salaam (Peace) by Rameer Tawisil

SCULPTURE
 The sculpture is an art form in which hard or plastic materials are worked into
three-dimensional art objects.
 Filipino sculptors came to be known in the middle of the 19th century.
 These are some of the sculptures in the Philippines.
 Luzon- The Bonifacio Monument by Guillermo Tolentino
 Visayas- Sandugo (Blood Compact) by Napoleon Abueva
 Mindanao- Six Ladies in Durian by Kublai Millan

ARCHITECTURE
 Architecture is the art and practice of designing and constructing buildings
(Cambridge Advanced Learner’s Dictionary & Thesaurus).
 In relation to that, Philippine architecture was characterized as simple, rational,
and functional.
 Luzon- Cultural Center of the Philippines by Leandro Locsin
 Visayas- Saint Andrew the Apostle Church by Leandro Locsin
 Mindanao- Pearl Farm Beach Resort by Francisco Manosa
FILM
 Film is a form of visual art use to imitate experiences that communicate ideas,
stories, or feelings with the use of moving images.
 It is also called a movie or motion picture. Moreover, the art form that is the
result of the film is called cinema (Faber & Walters, 2003).
 The film industry in the Philippines started in 1897. In the contemporary period,
martyr wife, superhero, action, melodramas, and comedies are some of the
usual subjects and themes in the Philippine films.
 Some films in the Philippines are presented below.
 Luzon- Himala by Ishmael Bernal
 Visayas- Muro-Ami by Marilou Diaz-Abaya
 Mindanao- Mindanao in Durian by Brillante Mendoza

LITERATURE
 According to Lombardi (2020), literature is a term used to describe written and
sometimes spoken material.
 Derived from the Latin word literature meaning "writing formed with letters,"
literature most commonly refers to works of the creative imagination, including
poetry, drama, fiction, nonfiction, and in some instances, journalism, and song.
These are some examples of Philippine literature.
 Luzon- - A Blade of Fern by Edith Ocampo and I Saw the Fall of the Philippines
by Carlos P. Romulo
 Visayas- Panhayhay in Bungtohanon by Francisco Alvarado and An Higugma by
Iluminafo Lucente
 Mindanao- Dead Stars by H.O. Santos and Indarapatra at Sulayman by
Bartolome Del Valle

MUSIC
 Music is a collection of coordinated sound or sounds.
 According to Ramon P. Santos in his article entitles Contemporary Music,
Contemporary music in the Philippines usually refers to compositions that have
adopted ideas and elements from twentieth-century art music in the West, as
well as the latest trends and musical styles in the entertainment industry.
 Filipino Music had already a rich and unique musical tradition long before
westerners set foot on our native land. Music was present in every stage of our
 ancestors’ lives — from birth to death, in blissful or tragic times. Below are
some Music from the different Regions of our country.
 Luzon- Pastores
 Visayas- Pinalangga
 Mindanao- Buyayang

DANCE
 Dance, the movement of the body in a rhythmic way, usually to music and
within a given space, for the purpose of expressing an idea or emotion,
releasing energy, or simply taking delight in the movement itself.
 Dances in the Philippines vary from Region to Region and below are some
dances of the different regions.
 Luzon- Banga
 Visayas- Kuratsa
 Mindanao- Singkil
GOODLUCK SA EXAMS, MGA BEBECAKES Q <3
- jasmin na cute