(iii)Resistance oC length. So, A is the longest.

(iv)(a) Resistance wire – A (b) Connecting wire – D

(v) Option (a) is correct.
(vi)(a) In series, resistances are added. (Rs =RA + RB). So, in the given I-V
graph, slope of series combination would be less than that of A.
(vii)(b) In parallel combination, the equivalent resistance is less than the least
value resistance in the circuit. So, in the given I-V graph, slope for parallel combination is more
than that of D

Class 10 Science Electricity Short Answer Type Question[l] [2 Marks] – Year 2010

49. In an experiment to study the relation between the potential difference across a resistor
and the current through it, a student recorded the following observations:

On examine the above observations, the teacher asked the student to reject one set of
readings as the values were out of agreement with the rest. Which one of the above sets of
readings can be rejected? Calculate the mean value of resistance of the resistor based on
the remaining four sets of readings.
Answer. The third reading for V = 3.0 volt and I — 0.6 A will be rejected as it has larger
deviation from the rest of the readings.
The value of resistance in the other four observations will be I (using R = V/I) 10Ω, 11 Ω, 10 Ω
and 10.67 Ω.
So, the mean value of resistance = 41.67/4 = 10.417 = 10.42 Ω

Class 10 Science Electricity Long Answer Type Questions [5 Marks] – Year 2010

50. Explain with the help of a labelled circuit diagram, how will you find the resistance of a
combination of three resistors, of resistance R1, R2 and R 3 joined in parallel. Also mention
how will you connect the ammeter and the voltmeter in the circuit while measuring the
current in the circuit and the potential difference across one of the three resistors of the
combination.
Answer. Parallel Combination:

1. Connect the three given resistor R1, R2 and R?i in parallel between the point XY with a
battery, a plug key and ammeter in series as shown in figure.
 2. Connect voltmeter in parallel with these resistors between the terminals X and Y.
3. Close the key and note the ammeter and voltmeter reading. Ammeter shows the total
current drawn by the parallel combination of these resistors while voltmeter shows the
voltage applied across the combination.
4. Using Ohm’s law, find the equivalent resistance of the combination, i.e. equivalent
resistance,

To find the current flow through any one of the resistor, ammeter will be connected in series
with that resistor and to measure the potential difference across that resistor, voltmeter must
be connected in parallel with that resistor as shown.

51. Derive the expression for the heat produced due to a current T flowing for a time interval
‘£’ through a resistor ‘R’ having a potential difference ‘V’ across its ends. With which name is
the relation known? How much heat will an instrument of 12 W produce in one minute if it is
connected to a battery of 12 V?
Answer. Heat produced in a conductor: Consider a wire AB having a resistance ‘R’ connected
across the terminals of a cell. Let V be the potential difference applied by cell across the ends
of a wire.

Let W be the work done in carrying the charge q across the conductor, then

52.Deduce the expression for the equivalent resistance of the parallel combination of three
resistors R1, R2 and R 3
Consider the following electric circuit:
(a) Which two resistors are connected in series?
(b) Which two resistors are connected in parallel?
(c) If every resistor of the circuit is of 2 Ω, what current will flow in the circuit?
Answer. Consider the following parallel circuit shown below: Let I 1, I2 and I3 be the current flow
through the resistor R 1, R2 and R3 connected in parallel.
Using Ohm’s law, current through each resistor is

Class 10 Science Electricity Very Short Answer Type Questions [1 Mark] – Year 2009

53. Two resistors of 10 Ω and 15 Ω are connected in series to a battery of 6 V. How can the
values of current passing through them be compared?
Answer. In series, same current flows through each resistor. So, ratio of current is 1 : 1.

54, A wire of resistance 20 Ω is bent to form a closed square. What is the resistance across
a diagonal of the square?
Answer.
 Class 10 Science Electricity Short Answer Type Questions[l] [2 Marks] – Year 2009

55.Draw a schematic diagram of an electric circuit consisting of a battery of five 2 V cells, a

20 Ω resistor, a 30 Ω resistor, a plug key, all connected in series. Calculate the value of
current flowing through the 20 Ω resistor and the power consumed by the 30 Ωresistor.
Answer. Req = 20 + 30 = 50 Ω

Current through both 20 Ωand 30 Ω= I =10/50

= 0.2 A
Power consumed by 30 Ω = I2R = (0.2)2 x 30=1.2W

56. A piece of wire of resistance 20 Ω is drawn out so that its length is increased to twice its
original length. Calculate the resistance of the wire in the new Situation.
Answer.

57. What is an electric circuit? Distinguish between an open and a closed circuit.
Answer. An arrangement for maintaining the continuous flow of electric current by the
electrical energy source through the various electrical components connected with each other
by conducting wires is termed as electric circuit.
An open circuit does not carry any current, while a closed circuit carries current.

Class 10 Science Electricity Short Answer Type Questions[ll] [3 Marks] – Year 2009

58. Two resistors with resistances 5Ω and 10 Ω are to be connected to a battery of emf 6 V
so as to obtain:
(i) minimum current
(ii) maximum current
(a) How will you connect the resistances in each case ?
(b) Calculate the strength of the total current in the circuit in the two cases.
Answer.
(a) As current is inversely proportional to resistance for the same voltage. So, to get maximum
current, the equivalent resistance has to be less. This means the resistors must be connected
in parallel.
To get minimum current, the equivalent resistance has to be greater as
59.(a) Define the term ‘volt’.
(b) State the relation between work, charge and potential difference for an electric circuit.
Calculate the potential difference between the two terminals of a battery if 100 J of work is
required to transfer 20 C of charge from one terminal of the battery to the other.
Answer.
(a) When 1 joule of work is done in carrying 1 coulomb of charge, from infinity to a point in the
electric field, then potential at that point is called 1 volt.
(b) Potential difference, V = Work done on unit charge =W/q

Work is 100 J,q=20C

Potential difference,V=W/q=100/20=5V

60.(a) Define the term ‘coulomb’.

(b) State the relationship between the electric current, the charge moving through a
conductor and the time of flow.
Calculate the charge passing through an electric bulb in 20 minutes if the value of current is
200 mA.
Answer.

(a) When 1 A current flows across the wire in 1 second, the charge transfer across its ends is
said to be 1 coulomb.
(b) The relationship between the electric current I, the charge q and time t is

61.(a) How is the direction of electric current related to the direction of flow of electrons in a
wire?
(b) Calculate the current in a circuit if 500 C of charge passes through it in 10 minutes.
Answer.
(a) Conventional direction of electric current is opposite to the direction of flow of electrons in
a wire.
(b) q = 500 C, t = 10 X 60 = 600 s
I = 500/600 = 5/6A
 Class 10 Science Electricity Long Answer Type Question [5 Marks] – Year 2009

62.(a) Two resistors R 1and R 2 may form (i) a series combination or (ii) a parallel
combination, and the combination may be connected to a battery of 6 volts. In which

combination, will the potential difference acrossR1 and across R 2 be the same and in which
combination, will the current through R 1 and through R 2 be the same?
(b) For the circuit shown in this diagram, calculate

(i) the resultant resistance.

(ii) the total current.
(iii) the voltage across 7 Ω resistor.
Answer. (a) Potential difference across R1 and R2 is same in parallel combination of R1 and R2
and the current through R1 and R2 will be same when they are connected in series.