CLASS – VIII SUBJECT – SCIENCE-- NOTEBOOK WORK

Lesson : CHEMICAL EFFECTS OF ELECTRIC CURRENT

Day 1

PREVIEW:

READ THE PAGE 200 AND 201 FROM TEXT BOOK AND ATTEMPT THE FOLLOWING

QUESTIONS IN NOTEBOOK.

1) Name the two types of particles present in an atom.

2) What is electric current?

3) Explain electromotive force .

4) What are the basic requirements for an electric current to flow through continuously

in a conductor?

Q1Differentiate between conductors and insulators.

Conductors Insulators

A conductor allows the electric

current to flow through it when

a potential difference is applied

across its ends.

An insulator does not conduct

electricity unless extremely

high potential difference is

applied across its ends.

A good conductor of electricity

is generally a good conductor

of heat.

Insulators do not conduct

heat.
Conductors have free electrons

on its surface.

Insulators have bonded

electrons on its surface.

Q2How is the conductivity of liquids tested?

Answer:

The free ends of the tester is dipped in the liquid. If the bulb glows, the liquid is said to be a

conductor. If not, it is an insulator.

S.No. Material

Compass Needle

Shows Deflection

Yes/No

Good Conductor/ Poor

Conductor

1. Lemon juice Yes Good conductor

2. Vinegar Yes Good conductor

3. Tap water Yes Good conductor

4. Vegetable oil No Poor conductor

5. Milk Yes Good conductor

6. Honey No Poor conductor

7. Soda Yes Good conductor

8. Distilled water No Poor conductor

9. Kerosene oil No Poor conductor

Q2 Show with the help of a diagram that lemon juice and vinegar are good conductors of

electricity.

Answer:

When the ends of a tester is dipped in lemon juice or vinegar, the bulb glows. This process

indicates that lemon juice and vinegar, both, are good conductors of electricity.

Q3What is an LED? Why is it preferred to other type of bulbs?

Answer:

The electric device which is used in the tester instead of bulb is an LED. Its full form is

Light Emitting Diode.

It is preferred to other bulbs as it can glow even when weak or less current flows through

it.

Q4Explain the conductivity of water.

or

Normal water conducts electricity while the pure or distilled water does not. Explain why?

Answer:

Normal water that we get from sources such as taps, handpumps, wells, ponds, etc., is not

pure. It may contain several salts dissolved in it naturally. This water is thus a good

conductor of electricity. The pure or distilled water is free of salts and is a poor conductor.

DAY 2 :

Q5 Give an example of the chemical effect of the electric current.

Answer:

The passage of an electric current through a conducting solution causes chemical

reactions as a result, bubbles of a gas are formed, or deposits of metal are seen on

electrodes or changes in colour of solution , may occur. These are some of the chemical

effects of electric current.

Q6The bulb does not glow in the setup shown in Fig. List the possible reasons. Explain
your answer.

Answer:

The bulb may not glow because of the following reasons:

(i) The wires in the circuit may be loosely connected.

(ii) The bulb may be fused.

(iii) The cells may be used up.

(iv) The liquid may be an insulator, i.e., a poor conductor of electricity.

Q6 Conduction of electricity in liquids occurs through electrons. Do you agree? Give

reasons

Ans:No, conduction of electricity in liquids does not occur through electrons but due to the

presence of ions. These ions are responsible for the flow of electricity in a liquid when a

potential difference is applied.

Day 3 :

Q7Explain the electrolysis of copper sulphate solution.OR With the help of a suitable

diagram, explain electrolytic refining of copper.OR (electroplating of copper.)

Ans: PROCEDURE:We will need copper sulphate solution and two copper plates of size

around 10 cm x 4 cm. Take 250 ml. of distilled water in a clean and dry beaker. Dissolve

two teaspoonfuls of copper sulphate in it. Add a few drops of dilute sulphuric acid to

copper sulphate solution to make it more conducting. Clean copper plates with sand

paper. Now rinse them with water and dry them. Connect the copper plates to the

terminals of a battery and immerse them in copper sulphate solution

Allow the current to pass for about 15 minutes. We find that copper metal gets deposited

on the plate at the negative of the battery. It is concluded that when electric current is

passed through the copper sulphate solution, copper sulphate dissociates into copper and

sulphate.

The free copper gets deposited on the plate acting

as cathode.
Gradually, a layer of copper builds up on the plate.

This process is in the purification of copper.

Q8 What is electroplating? On which effect of the electric current is it based? Why is it

done?

Answer:

The process of depositing or coating a layer of any desired metal on the surface of other

material by means of electricity is called electroplating. It is one of the most common

applications of chemical effects of electric current.

Electroplating is a very useful process. It is widely used in industry for coating metal

objects with a thin layer of a different metal. The layer of metal deposited has some

desired property, which the metal of the object lacks. For example, chromium plating is

done on many objects to make them shiny and attractive.

Q9 How will you carry out electroplating of copper in the laboratory?

Ans: This is done to protect the metal or to lend it an attractive look.

For electroplating copper in the laboratory, the following steps are to be taken:

● Fill three-fourth of a beaker with copper sulphate solution.

● Hammer a copper wire to flatten it; then connect it to the positive terminal of a

battery.

● Connect a spoon to the negative terminal of the battery.

● Dip the copper wire as well as the spoon in the copper sulphate solution, and let the

current pass.

At the end of this experiment, you will observe a layer of copper formed over the spoon.

DAy 3 and 4 :

Q10 Which properties of chromium make it useful for electroplating on iron ? Why we

cannot make the whole article with chromium ?

Answer:

Chromium has a good shine, it resists scratches and is corrosion resistant. We cannot
make the whole article from it because it is a very costly metal.

Q11 Electrolysis of water

● The chemical reaction of passing an electric current through water to decompose

hydrogen and oxygen gasses is known as the electrolysis of water.

● As a result, the number of hydrogen molecules produced is double that of oxygen

molecules.

● Hydrogen is collected at the negative anode after water electrolysis, while oxygen is

collected at the positive anode.

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