Entrepreneurship is more than just starting a business; it is a way of thinking
and acting that encourages creativity, problem-solving, and self-confidence.
In today’s economic environment, these skills are especially important for
young people who are preparing to enter the workforce or start their own
ventures. For senior high school students, particularly those in the ABM
strand, developing a positive attitude toward entrepreneurship can shape not
only their plans to start a business but also their approach to future
opportunities. This study focuses on understanding how students’
entrepreneurial attitudes influence their intentions, aiming to provide
insights that can help educators inspire and guide the next generation of
young entrepreneurs.
A recent study by Abun (2021) on ABM Grade XII students in Region I,
Philippines, found that students generally exhibited a high level of
entrepreneurial attitude and intention, with a significant correlation between
the two, highlighting the importance of understanding how these attitudes
translate into actual intentions. Understanding an entrepreneur’s growth
goals is also essential for identifying the purpose of entrepreneurship
(Garbanzos, Parreño, & Salvador, 2022). Quantitative studies on ABM
students have shown that students generally exhibit positive entrepreneurial
attitudes and concrete intentions to start businesses, with skills and
knowledge shaped significantly by the level of entrepreneurial education
they receive. These findings collectively emphasize the importance of
understanding and fostering entrepreneurial attitudes and intentions among
senior high school students to effectively guide them toward meaningful
entrepreneurial engagement.
Globally, youth entrepreneurship remains a key driver of economic growth
and innovation. The GEM 2024/2025 Global Report (Global Entrepreneurship
Monitor, 2024) shows that fear of failure among potential entrepreneurs has
been increasing over time: in 2019, 44% of respondents refrained from
starting a business due to fear of failure, which rose to 49% in 2024.
Although many recognize good business opportunities, nearly half still
hesitate to act because of perceived risks, highlighting the need to
understand what shapes entrepreneurial attitudes and intentions among the
youth.
At the national level, Filipino Generation Z demonstrates a strong
entrepreneurial mindset, with studies showing that 54% of young Filipinos
aspire to start their own business ventures (Etrata & Raborar, 2022).
However, gaps in guidance, support systems, and structured programs often
prevent these intentions from materializing. Examining how attitudes, skills,
and knowledge influence entrepreneurial intentions among students can
therefore reveal ways to better nurture and guide the country’s future
entrepreneurs.
Locally, research by Demillo and Demillo (2022) on business students at
Davao del Sur State College revealed that personal attitudes and subjective
norms significantly influence students’ entrepreneurial intentions, whereas
perceived behavioral control showed no significant effect. The study also
highlighted financial challenges as a barrier that many students face in
pursuing entrepreneurial activities. These findings underscore the
importance of providing practical support, mentorship, and resources to help
young Filipinos translate their entrepreneurial intentions into concrete
business actions.
Although research suggests that entrepreneurial attitude can influence
entrepreneurial intention, very few studies have focused specifically on ABM
senior high school students in the Philippines, and it remains unclear whether
a significant relationship exists between the two variables in this group.
Understanding this relationship is important because it can help educators
design more effective entrepreneurship programs, guide policymakers and
school administrators in providing appropriate mentorship and resources,
and enable students to develop confidence, creativity, and readiness to
pursue business ventures. Thus, this study aims to investigate the
relationship between entrepreneurial attitude and entrepreneurial intention
among ABM senior high school students, providing a foundation for exploring
the research problem.
