ST.

MARY’S GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS GUNTUR FOR WOMEN

JNTU-KAKINADA, Chebrolu, Andhra Pradesh, India- 533449

INTRODUCTION TO
PROGRAMMING
LABORATORY MANUAL

Department of
COMPUTERSCIENCE&ENGINEERING
Name
Roll No.
Class I-B.TECH-ISEM
Branch CSE
Regulation R23
Name of theLab INTRODUCTION TO PROGRAMMING
Academic year

INCHARGE H.O.D
Department of Computer Science & Engineering A.Soma Raju M.Tech.,MD,CSE
 ST.MARY’S GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS GUNTUR FOR WOMEN
JNTU-KAKINADA, Chebrolu, Andhra Pradesh, India- 533449

VISION
To evolve as a Premier Engineering Institution in the Country with it’s continues strive for
excellence in Education, Research and Technological Services.

MISSION
 Togeneratethecommunityofhighlylearnedstudentswithgreateracquirementofknowledge and to
apply it professionally with due consideration for ecological, economic and ethical issues.
 Toprovideknowledge-basedtechnologicalservicesatthebest satisfactionofsocietyand for the
industrial needs.
 Tofostertheresearchand disseminateresearch findings.
 Tobuildincapabilitiesforadvancingeducation,technology, values, managementandresearch at
international standards.

Department of Computer Science & Engineering A.Soma Raju M.Tech.,MD,CSE

 DEPARTMENTOFINFORMATIONTECHNOLOGY

VISION
 To explore innovative approaches to enhance and expand learning opportunities through
the integration of various technologies.
 Tobuildastrongresearchandteachingenvironmentthatrespondstothereal-time challenges of
the industry

MISSION
 To inculcate the blend of competence, aptitude of knowledge and investigate flair
through devising an ambient environment for sustainable learning.
 To transform attitude, values, priorities by changing mindset and instill positive outlook
for socially conscious intellectual development.
 Incubate,applyandspreadinnovativeideastoevolvethedepartmentasacentreof excellence in
thrust areas

Department of Computer Science & Engineering A.Soma Raju M.Tech.,MD,CSE

 DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING

PROGRAMEDUCATIONALOBJECTIVES(PEO):
PEO1Provideastrongfoundationrequiredtocomprehend,analyse,designanddevelop solutions to real
world computing problems.
PEO2Exposethe studentsto industrypractices for providing computing solutionsusing current
models and techniques.
PEO3Enablethestudentstopursuehigherstudiesandactiveresearch.

PEO4Fostersustainedprofessionaldevelopmentthroughlife-longlearningtoadaptnew computing
technologies

Department of Computer Science & Engineering A.Soma Raju M.Tech.,MD,CSE

 DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING
PROGRAMOUTCOMES(PO):
PO1.Engineering Knowledge: Apply the knowledge of mathematics, science, engineering
fundamentals, and an engineering specialization to the solution of complex engineering
problems.
PO2.ProblemAnalysis: Identify, formulate, review research literature, and analyze complex
engineering problems reaching substantiated conclusions using first principles of
mathematics, natural sciences, and engineering sciences.
PO3.Design/Development of Solutions: Design solutions for complex engineering problems
and design system components or processes that meet the specified needs with
appropriate consideration for the public health and safety, and the cultural, societal, and
environmental considerations.
PO4.Conduct Investigations of Complex Problems: Use research-based knowledge and
research methods including design of experiments, analysis and interpretation of data,
and synthesis of the information to provide valid conclusions.
PO5.Modern Tool Usage: Create, select, and apply appropriate techniques, resources, and
modern engineering and IT tools including prediction and modelling to complex
engineering activities with an understanding of the limitations.
PO6.The Engineer and Society: Apply reasoning informed by the contextual knowledge to
assesssocietal,health,safety, legalandculturalissuesandtheconsequent responsibilities
relevant to the professional engineering practice.

PO7.EnvironmentandSustainability:Understandtheimpactoftheprofessional engineering
solutions in societal and environmental contexts, and demonstrate the knowledge of, and
need for sustainable development.
PO8.Ethics: Apply ethical principles and commit to professional ethics and responsibilitiesand
norms of the engineering practice.
PO9.Individual and Team Work: Function effectively as an individual, and as a member or
leader in diverse teams, and in multidisciplinary settings.
PO10.Communication: Communicate effectively on complex engineering activities with the
engineering communityand withsocietyat large, suchas, being able to comprehend and
write effective reports and design documentation, make effective presentations, and give
and receive clear instructions.
PO11.Project Management and Finance: Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the
engineering and management principlesand applythese to one’sownwork, asamember
and leader in a team, to manage projects and in multidisciplinary environments.
PO12.Life-longLearning: Recognizetheneed for,andhave thepreparationandabilityto engage
in independent and lifelong learning in the broadest context of technological
change

Department of Computer Science & Engineering A.Soma Raju M.Tech.,MD,CSE

PROGRAMSPECIFICOUTCOMES (PSO)

PSO1Ability to apply their skills in the field of algorithms, networking, web design, cloud
computing and databases.

PSO2Abilitytodevelopand deploysoftwaresolutionsforrealworld problems.

PSO3Gain knowledge in diverse areas of Computer Science and experience an environment

conduciveincultivatingskills forsuccessfulcareer, entrepreneurship, researchand higher
studies.

Department of Computer Science & Engineering A.Soma Raju M.Tech.,MD,CSE

 DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING

Syllabus

UNIT I
WEEK1
Objective: Getting familiar with the programming environment on
thecomputer and writing the first program.
SuggestedExperiments/Activities:
Tutorial1:Problem-solvingusingComputers.
Lab1:Familiarizationwithprogrammingenvironment
i) BasicLinuxenvironmentanditseditorslikeVi,Vim&Emacsetc.
ii) ExposuretoTurboC,gcc
iii) Writingsimpleprogramsusingprintf(),scanf()
WEEK2
Objective: Getting familiar with how to formally describe a solution to
aprobleminaseriesoffinitestepsbothusingtextualnotationandgraphic notation.
SuggestedExperiments/Activities:
Tutorial 2: Problem-solving using Algorithms and Flow
charts.Lab1:Convertingalgorithms/flowchartsintoCSourcecode.
Developingthealgorithms/flowchartsforthefollowingsampleprograms
i) Sumandaverageof3numbers
ii) ConversionofFahrenheittoCelsiusandviceversa
iii) Simpleinterestcalculation
WEEK3
Objective: Learn how to define variables with the desired data-type,
initializethemwithappropriatevaluesandhowarithmeticoperatorscanbeusedwith
variables and constants.
SuggestedExperiments/Activities:
Tutorial3:Variabletypesandtypeconversions:
Lab3: Simple computational problemsusing arithmeticexpressions.
i) Findingthesquarerootofagivennumber
ii) Findingcompoundinterest

Department of Computer Science & Engineering A.Soma Raju M.Tech.,MD,CSE

 iii) Areaofatriangleusingheron’sformulae
iv) Distance travelled by an object
UNIT II
WEEK4
Objective:Explorethefullscopeofexpressions,type-compatibilityofvariables
&constantsandoperatorsusedintheexpressionandhowoperator precedence
works.
SuggestedExperiments/Activities:
Tutorial4: Operatorsand theprecedenceand asassociativity:
Lab4:Simplecomputationalproblemsusingtheoperator’precedenceand associativity
i) Evaluatethefollowingexpressions.
a. A+B*C+(D*E)+F*G
b. A/B*C-B+A*D/3
c. A+++B---A
d. J=(i++)+(++i)
ii) Findthemaximumofthreenumbersusingconditionaloperator
iii) Takemarksof5subjectsinintegers,andfindthetotal,averageinfloat
WEEK5
Objective:Explorethefullscopeofdifferentvariantsof“ifconstruct”namelyif-
else,nullelse,if-elseif*-else,switchandnested-ifincludinginwhatscenario
eachoneofthemcanbeusedandhowtousethem.Exploreallrelationaland
logicaloperatorswhilewritingconditionalsfor“ifconstruct”.
SuggestedExperiments/Activities:
Tutorial5:Branchingandlogicalexpressions:
Lab5:Problemsinvolvingif-then-elsestructures.
i) WriteaCprogramtofindthemaxandminoffournumbersusingif-else.
ii) WriteaCprogramtogenerateelectricitybill.
iii) Findtherootsofthequadraticequation.
iv) WriteaCprogramtosimulateacalculatorusingswitchcase.
v) WriteaCprogramtofindthegivenyearisaleapyearornot.

Department of Computer Science & Engineering A.Soma Raju M.Tech.,MD,CSE

 WEEK6
Objective:Explorethefullscopeofiterativeconstructsnamelywhileloop,do-
whileloopandforloopinadditiontostructuredjumpconstructslikebreak
andcontinueincludingwheneachofthesestatementsismoreappropriateto use.
SuggestedExperiments/Activities:
Tutorial6:Loops,whileandforloops
Lab6:Iterativeproblemse.g.,thesumofseries
i) Findthefactorialofgivennumberusinganyloop.
ii) Find the given number is a primeor not.
iii) Computesineandcosseries
iv) Checkinganumberpalindrome
v) Constructapyramidofnumbers.
UNIT III
WEEK7:
Objective:ExplorethefullscopeofArraysconstructnamelydefiningand initializing1-
Dand2-Dandmoregenericallyn-Darraysandreferencing
individualarrayelementsfromthedefinedarray.Usinginteger1-Darrays, explore
search solution linear search.
SuggestedExperiments/Activities:
Tutorial7:1DArrays:searching.
Lab7:1DArraymanipulation,linearsearch
i) Findtheminandmaxofa1-Dintegerarray.
ii) Performlinearsearchon1Darray.
iii) Thereverseofa1Dintegerarray
iv) Find2’scomplementofthegivenbinarynumber.
v) Eliminateduplicateelementsinanarray.
WEEK8:
Objective: Explore the difference between other arrays and character arrays
that can be used as Strings by using null character and get comfortable with
string by doing experiments that will reverse a string and concatenate two
strings. Explore sorting solution bubble sort using integer arrays.

Department of CSE,SMGG EngineeringCollege

SuggestedExperiments/Activities:
Tutorial8:2Darrays,sortingandStrings.
Lab8:Matrixproblems,Stringoperations,Bubblesort
i) Additionoftwomatrices
ii) Multiplicationtwomatrices
iii) Sortarrayelementsusingbubblesort
iv) Concatenatetwostringswithoutbuilt-infunctions
v) Reverseastringusingbuilt-inandwithoutbuilt-instringfunctions
UNIT IV
WEEK9:
Objective:Explorepointerstomanageadynamicarrayofintegers,includingmemoryallocation
&valueinitialization,resizingchangingandreorderingthecontentsofanarrayandmemor
yde-
allocationusingmalloc(),calloc(),realloc()andfree()functions.Gainexperienceprocessingco
mmand-lineargumentsreceivedbyC
SuggestedExperiments/Activities:
Tutorial9:Pointers,structuresanddynamicmemoryallocation Lab 9:
Pointers and structures, memory dereference.
i) WriteaCprogramtofindthesumofa1Darrayusingmalloc()
ii) WriteaCprogramtofindthetotal,averageofnstudentsusingstructures
iii) Enternstudentsdatausingcalloc()anddisplayfailedstudentslist
iv) Read student name and marks from the command line and display the
student details along
withthetotal.
v) WriteaCprogramtoimplementrealloc()
WEEK10:
Objective: Experiment with C Structures, Unions, bit fields and self-referential
structures (Singly linked lists) and nested structures
Suggested Experiments/Activities:
Tutorial 10: Bitfields, Self-Referential Structures, Linked lists
Lab10 : Bitfields, linked lists
Read and print a date using dd/mm/yyyy format using bit-fields and
differentiate the same without using bit- fields

Departmento CSE A.SOMARAJU

i) Createand displaya singlylinked listusing self-referential structure.
ii) Demonstrate the differences between structures and unions using a C
program.
iii) Writea Cprogram to shift/rotate using bitfields.
iv) WriteaCprogramtocopyonestructurevariabletoanotherstructureofthe same
type.
UNIT V
WEEK11:
Objective:ExploretheFunctions,sub-routines,scopeandextentofvariables,
doingsomeexperimentsbyparameterpassingusingcallbyvalue.Basic methods of
numerical integration
SuggestedExperiments/Activities:
Tutorial11:Functions,callbyvalue,scopeandextent,
Lab 11: Simple functions using call by value, solving differential equations
using Eulerstheorem.
i) WriteaCfunctiontocalculateNCRvalue.
ii) WriteaCfunctiontofindthelengthofastring.
iii) WriteaCfunctiontotransposeofamatrix.
iv) Write a C function to demonstrate numerical integration of
differentialequations using Euler’s method
WEEK12:
Objective: Explore how recursive solutions can be programmed by
writingrecursivefunctionsthatcanbeinvokedfromthemainbyprogrammingat-
leastfivedistinctproblemsthathavenaturallyrecursivesolutions.
SuggestedExperiments/Activities:
Tutorial 12: Recursion, the structure of recursive calls
Lab 12: Recursive functions
i) WritearecursivefunctiontogenerateFibonacciseries.
ii) Writearecursivefunctiontofindthelcmoftwonumbers.
iii) Writearecursivefunctiontofindthefactorialofanumber.
iv) WriteaCProgramtoimplementAckermannfunctionusingrecursion.
v) Writearecursivefunctiontofindthesumofseries.

Departmentof CSE,SMGGEngineeringCollege
 WEEK13:
Objective: Explore the basic difference between normal and pointer
variables,Arithmeticoperationsusingpointersandpassingvariablestofunctionsusing
pointers
SuggestedExperiments/Activities:
Tutorial13:Callbyreference,danglingpointers
Lab13:SimplefunctionsusingCallbyreference,Danglingpointers.
i) WriteaCprogramtoswaptwonumbersusingcallbyreference.
ii) DemonstrateDanglingpointerproblemusingaCprogram.
iii) WriteaCprogramtocopyonestringintoanotherusingpointer.
iv) WriteaCprogramtofindnooflowercase,uppercase,digitsandother
characters using pointers.
WEEK14:
Objective:TounderstanddatafilesandfilehandlingwithvariousfileI/O
functions.Explorethedifferencesbetweentextandbinaryfiles.
SuggestedExperiments/Activities:
Tutorial 14: File handling Lab
14: File operations
i) WriteaCprogramtowriteandreadtextintoafile.
ii) Write a Cprogram to write and read text into a binary file using
fread()andfwrite()
iii) Copythecontentsofonefiletoanotherfile.
iv) WriteaCprogramtomergetwofilesintothethirdfileusingcommand-line
arguments.
v) Findno.oflines,wordsandcharactersinafile
vi) WriteaCprogramtoprintlastncharactersofagivenfile

DepartmentofIT,GIETEngineeringCollege
 DEPARTMENTOFINFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
LESSONPLAN
COURSE: COMPUTERP ROGRAMMING LAB
ACADEMICYEAR: 2025-26

SEMESTER: I-I FACULTYNAME:Mr.A.SOMA RAJU

No. of
S.No.
SubTopicNames TeachingAid Classes
Unit/TopicNo.
Require

i) BasicLinuxenvironmentanditseditorslike Vi,
Vim & Emacs etc.
1 Projector 3
ii) ExposuretoTurboC,gcc
iii) Writingsimpleprogramsusingprintf(),scanf()

i) Sumandaverageof3numbers
ii) Conversion of Fahrenheit to Celsius and
2 Projector 3
viceversa
iii) Simpleinterestcalculation.
i) Findingthesquarerootofagivennumber
ii) Findingcompoundinterest
3 Projector 3
iii) Areaofatriangleusingheron’sformulae
iv) Distance travelled by an object

i) Evaluatethefollowingexpressions.
a. A+B*C+(D*E)+F*G
b. A/B*C-B+A*D/3
c. A+++B---A
4 d. J=(i++)+(++i) Projector 3

ii) Find the maximum of three numbers

usingconditional operator
iii) Takemarksof5subjectsinintegers,andfind
thetotal,averageinfloat

Department of cse
 i) C program to find the max and min of four
numbers using if-else.
ii) Cprogramtogenerateelectricitybill.
iii) Findtherootsofthequadraticequation.
5 Projector 3
iv) C program to simulate a calculator using
switch case.
v) Cprogramtofindthegivenyearisaleapyear
ornot.
i) Find the factorial of given number using
anyloop.
ii) Find the given number is a primeor not.
6 Projector 3
iii) Computesineandcosseries
iv) Checkinganumberpalindrome
v) Constructapyramidofnumbers
i) Findtheminandmaxofa1-Dintegerarray.
ii) Performlinearsearchon1Darray.
iii) Thereverseofa1Dintegerarray
7 Projector 3
iv) Find 2’s complement of the given binary
number.
v) Eliminateduplicateelementsinanarray.
i) Additionoftwomatrices
ii) Multiplicationtwomatrices
iii) Sortarrayelementsusingbubblesort
8 iv) Concatenatetwostringswithoutbuilt-in Projector 3

functions
v) Reverseastringusingbuilt-inandwithout
built-instringfunctions

Departmentof CSE
 i) Cprogramtofindthesumofa1Darrayusing
malloc()
ii) Cprogramtofindthetotal,averageofn
students using structures
iii) Enter n students data using calloc() and
9 Projector 3
display failed students list
iv) Read student name and marks from the
command line and display the student details
along with the total.
v) Cprogramtoimplementrealloc()
i) Create and display a singly linked list using
self-referential structure.
ii) Demonstrate the differences between
10 structures and unions using a C program. Projector 3

iii) Cprogramtoshift/rotateusingbitfields.
iv) Cprogramtocopyonestructurevariableto
another structure of the same type.
i) CfunctiontocalculateNCRvalue.
ii) Cfunctiontofindthelengthofastring.
iii) Cfunctiontotransposeofamatrix.
11 Projector 3
iv) C function to demonstrate numerical
integrationofdifferentialequationsusingEuler’s
method
i) recursive function to generate Fibonacci
series.
ii) recursive function to find the lcm of two
numbers.
12 iii) recursive function to find the factorial of a Projector 3

number.
iv) CProgramtoimplementAckermannfunction
using recursion.
v) recursive function to find the sum of series.

Department of CSE
 i) C program to swap two numbers using call
byreference.
ii) DemonstrateDanglingpointerproblemusing a
C program.
13 iii) Cprogramtocopyonestringintoanother Projector 3

using pointer.
iv) Cprogramtofindnooflowercase,
uppercase, digits and other
charactersusingpointers.
i) Cprogramtondreadtextintoafile.
ii) C program to nd read text into a binary
fileusing fread() and fwrite()
iii) Copythecontentsofonefiletoanotherfile.
iv) Cprogramtomergetwofilesintothethird file
14 using command-line Projector 3

arguments.
v) Find no. of lines, words and characters in a
file
vi) Cprogramtoprintlastncharactersofa
givenfile.
TotalNo. ofhours:42

Textbooks:
1. AjayMittal, ProgramminginC:Apracticalapproach,Pearson.
2. ByronGottfried,Schaum'sOutlineofProgrammingwithC, McGrawHill
ReferenceBooks:
1. BrianW.KernighanandDennisM.Ritchie,TheCProgrammingLanguage,PrenticeHallof India
2. CProgramming,AProblem-SolvingApproach,Forouzan,Gilberg,Prasad, CENGAGE

Department of Computer Science & Engineering A.Soma Raju M.Tech.,MD,CSE

 INDEX
1. BasicLinuxenvironmentanditseditorslikeVi,Vim&Emacsetc.
2. ExposuretoTurboC,gcc
3. Writingsimpleprogramsusingprintf(),scanf()
4. Sumandaverageof3numbers
5. ConversionofFahrenheittoCelsiusandviceversa
6. Simpleinterestcalculation
7. Findingthesquarerootofagivennumber
8. Findingcompoundinterest
9. Areaofatriangleusingheron’sformulae
10. Distance travelled by an object
11. Evaluatethefollowingexpressions.
i. A+B*C+(D*E)+F*G
ii. A/B*C-B+A*D/3
iii. A+++B---A
iv. J=(i++)+(++i)
12. Findthemaximumofthreenumbersusingconditionaloperator
13. Takemarksof5subjectsinintegers,andfindthetotal,averageinfloat
14. Cprogramtofindthemaxandminoffournumbersusingif-else.
15. Cprogramtogenerateelectricitybill.
16. Findtherootsofthequadraticequation.
17. Cprogramtosimulateacalculatorusingswitchcase.
18. Cprogramtofindthegivenyearisaleapyearornot.
19. Findthefactorialofgivennumberusinganyloop.
20. Find the given number is a primeor not.
21. Computesineandcosseries
22. Checkinganumberpalindrome
23. Constructapyramidofnumbers.
24. Findtheminandmaxofa1-Dintegerarray.
25. Performlinearsearchon1Darray.
26. Thereverseofa1Dintegerarray
27. Find2’scomplementofthegivenbinarynumber.

Department of CSE
28. Additionoftwomatrices
29. Multiplicationtwomatrices
30. Sortarrayelementsusingbubblesort
31. Concatenatetwostringswithoutbuilt-infunctions
32. Reverseastringusingbuilt-inandwithoutbuilt-instringfunctions
33. Cprogramtofindthesumofa1Darrayusingmalloc()
34. C program to find the total, average of n students using
structures
35. Enternstudentsdatausingcalloc()anddisplayfailedstudentslist
36. Read student name and marks from the command line and display the
student
37. detailsalongwiththetotal.
38. Cprogramtoimplementrealloc()
39. Createand displaya singlylinked listusing self-referential structure.
40. Demonstratethedifferences betweenstructures andunions usinga C
41. program.
42. Cprogramtoshift/rotateusingbitfields.
43. Cprogramtocopyonestructurevariabletoanotherstructureof
Thesame type.
44. CfunctiontocalculateNCRvalue.
45. Cfunctiontofindthelengthofastring.
46. Cfunctiontotransposeofamatrix.
47. Cfunctiontodemonstratenumericalintegrationofdifferential
48. equationsusingEuler’smethod
49. recursivefunctiontogenerateFibonacciseries.
50. recursivefunctiontofindthelcmoftwonumbers.
51. recursivefunctiontofindthefactorialofanumber.
52. CProgramtoimplement Ackermannfunctionusingrecursion.
53. recursivefunctiontofindthesumofseries.
54. Cprogramtoswaptwonumbersusingcallbyreference.
55. DemonstrateDanglingpointerproblemusingaCprogram.
56. Cprogram tocopy one stringinto anotherusing pointer.
57. Cprogramtofind nooflowercase,uppercase,digitsandother

DepartmentofIT,GIETEngineeringCollege
58. charactersusingpointers.
59. Cprogramtowriteandreadtextintoafile.
60. Cprogramtowriteandreadtextintoabinaryfileusingfread()and
61. fwrite()
62. Copythecontentsofonefiletoanotherfile.
63. Cprogramtomergetwofilesintothethirdfileusingcommand-line
64. arguments.
65. Findno.oflines,wordsandcharactersinafile
66. Cprogramtoprintlastncharactersofagivenfile

DepartmentofIT,GIETEngineeringCollege
 LinuxEnvironmentandItsEditors

LinuxEnvironmentandItsEditors
Exp.No:

Date:

1. Aim:

BasicLinuxenvironmentanditseditorslikeVi, Vim&Emacsetc.

2. SoftwareRequired:

Linux

3. Theory:

Creating a basic Linuxenvironment and installing text editorslike Vi, Vim, and Emacscan be
doneonaLinux-basedsystem.Here'sastep-by-stepguideto set upabasicLinuxenvironment and
install these text editors:

1. **ChooseaLinuxDistribution**:

You can choose a Linux distribution that suits your preferences. Popular choices include
Ubuntu, Debian, Fedora, CentOS, and others. You can download the ISO image of the
distributionyouprefer fromtheofficialwebsiteandinstallit onavirtualmachineoraphysical computer.

2. **InstallLinux**:

FollowtheinstallationinstructionsforyourchosenLinuxdistribution.Duringtheinstallation, you
will be asked to create a user account and set a password. Ensure that you have internet access.

3. **Updatethe System**:

Afterinstallation, open a terminal and update your system to ensure you have the latest
software packages. Use the package manager that comes with your distribution:

OnDebian/Ubuntu:

```bash

Deptof CSE
 LinuxEnvironmentandItsEditors

sudo apt update

sudoaptupgrade

```

OnFedora:

```bash

sudodnfupdate

```

4. **InstallTextEditors**:

-**Vi/Vim**:

Viisusuallypre-installedonmost Linuxdistributions.Youcanalso installVim(animproved

version of Vi) if it's not already installed:

```bash

sudoapt installvim#OnDebian/Ubuntu

sudodnf install vim# On Fedora

```

-**Emacs**:

YoucaninstallEmacsusingyourdistribution'spackagemanager:

```bash

sudoaptinstallemacs#OnDebian/Ubuntu

Deptof CSE
 LinuxEnvironmentandItsEditors

sudodnfinstallemacs#OnFedora

```

5. **Usage**:

- Toopenaterminal, youcanusethebuilt-interminalemulatorinyourLinuxdistribution. You

cantypically find it in your applications or use a keyboard shortcut (e.g., Ctrl+Alt+T).

- To useViorVim, openaterminalandtype`vi`or`vim`followedbythenameofthe file you want to

edit. For example:

```bash

vifilename.txt

```

- To useEmacs, openaterminalandtype`emacs` followedbythenameofthe file youwantto edit.

For example:

```bash

emacsfilename.txt

```

6. **LearntheEditors**:

Vi,Vim,andEmacshavesteep learningcurves,especiallyifyou're newtothem.Youcanfind online

tutorials, documentation, and books to help you get started and become proficient with these
editors.

Deptof CSE
 ExposuretoTurboC,gcc

ExposuretoTurboC,gcc
Exp.No:

Date:

1. Aim:

Exposureto TurboC,gcc

2. SoftwareRequired:

TurboC

3. Theory:

Exposure to Turbo C and GCC (GNU Compiler Collection) can be valuable for individuals
interested inprogramming and software development, especiallyin the C and C++ programming
languages. These two development environments have been widely used for many years and
offer different advantages.

1. **TurboC**:

- **Overview**: Turbo C was a popular Integrated Development Environment (IDE) and

compiler for C and C++ programming in the MS-DOS environment. It was developed byBorland
and was widely used during the 1980s and 1990s.

- **Advantages**:

- Simpleandeasy-to-useIDE,especiallyforbeginners.

- Well-suitedforlearningCandC++programmingbasics.

- Providedacompactandefficientdevelopment environmentforitstime.

- **Disadvantages**:

- Outdatedandnolongeractivelymaintained.

- Limitedcompatibilitywithmodernoperatingsystems.
 ExposuretoTurboC,gcc

- MaynotsupportallthefeaturesofthelatestC/C++ standards.

2. **GCC(GNUCompiler Collection)**:

- **Overview**: GCC is a powerful and widely used collection of compilers and tools for
various programming languages, including C, C++, and others. It is open-source software and
can be used on various platforms.

- **Advantages**:

- Cross-platformcompatibility;itcanbeusedonvariousoperating systems.

- SupportsthelatestCandC++standardsandfeatures.

- Highlyconfigurableand extensible.

- Continuouslyupdatedandmaintainedbytheopen-source community.

- **Disadvantages**:

- Mayhaveasteeperlearningcurveforbeginnersduetoitsconfigurability.

- Requiresfamiliaritywiththecommand-lineinterface.

Exposure to both Turbo C and GCC can provide a balanced understanding of the history and
evolution of C and C++ development tools:

- Turbo C can help beginners grasp the basics of C and C++ programming in a simple and user-
friendly environment.

- GCC can be essential for those who want to work on modern and cross-platformprojects, as it
provides access to the latest language features and a wide range of development tools.

In the real world, many professional C and C++ developers primarily use GCC or other modern
IDEs like Visual Studio Code, CLion, or Xcode, depending on their platform and project
requirements. However, understanding the foundations and history of these tools can be
beneficialforawell-roundedknowledgeofprogramminginCandC++.
 SimpleProgramUsingprintf(),scanf()

Simple Program Usingprintf(),scanf()

ExpNo:

Date:

1. Aim:

Implement a simple program using printf(),scanf()

2. SoftwareRequired:

TurboC

3. Theory:

The input and output functions used in C language.printf( ) is a output statement used to display
the output on the console deviece . scanf( ) is the input statement which is used to read the
information from the user. These functions can be used by including the header file “stdio.h” in
the program.

4. Program:

#include<stdio.h>

#include<conio.h>

main()

printf("######"); printf("\

n#");

printf("\n#");

printf("\n####");

printf("\n#");

printf("\n#");

getch();

Dept of CSE
 SimpleProgramUsingprintf(),scanf()

5. SampleInputandOutput:

######
#
#
####
#
#
4. Program:

#include<conio.h>

#include<stdio.h>

main()

inta,b;

printf("Enter a value:");

scanf("%d",&a); printf("\

nEnterbvalue:");

scanf("%d",&b);

printf("\na=%d\nb=%d",a,b); getch();

return0;

Dept of CSE
 SimpleProgramUsingprintf(),scanf()

5. SampleInputandOutput:

Enter a value: 6

Enterbvalue:34

a=6

b=34

6. Result:

SuccessfullyExecuted.

7. Reference:

https://www.programiz.com/c-programming/examples

Dept of CSE
 Calculating Marks

SumandAverageofThree Numbers
Exp.No:

Date:

1. Aim:

ImplementaCprogramtofindsumandaverageofthreenumbers.

2. SoftwareRequired:

TURBOC

3. Theory:

 Inthisprogram,wefirstdeclared fourvariablesx,y,z,sum.
 Afterthatcreatedanothervariablenamedavgwiththehelpoffloatdatatype.

 Inthis avg variable, we willstorethe average ofthe numberthree and inthe sumvariable, we will
store the sum of the number three.
 Afterdeclaringthe variables,wegot input threenumbersfromtheuserandstorethosevalues in the
x, y, z variables.
 Afterthis,weCalculatethesum of threenumbersusingtheformula(sum =x +y +z) and stored its
result in the sum variable.
 Afterthat,weprintthesumofthree numbers.
 Afterthis,weCalculatetheaverageofthreenumbersusingtheformula(average= sum/count) and
stored its result in the avg variable.
 Finally, we printed the stored value in this avg variable onthe screen with the help ofprintf()
function.

4. Program:

#include<stdio.h>

#include<conio.h>

main()

inta,b,c;

Deptof CSE
 Calculating Marks

float sum,avg;

printf("Enterthreevalues:");

scanf("%d%d%d",&a,&b,&c),

sum=a+b+c;

avg=sum/3;

printf("\nThe sum of three numbers=%f",sum); printf("\

nTheaverageofthreenumbers=%f",avg); getch();

5. Algorithm:

1. Input:Receivethreenumbers,a,b,andc.
2. Sum:Calculate the sumofa,b,andc byaddingthemtogether:sum= a + b+c.
3. Average:Calculatetheaveragebydividingthesumby3:average =sum/3.
4. Output: Theaverage is the resultyou'relookingfor,representing the average of the three
numbers.

Deptof CSE
 Calculating Marks

6. FlowChart:

7. SampleInputandOutput:

Enterthreevalues:5 6 7
The sum of three numbers=18.000000
Theaverageofthreenumbers=6.000000

8. Result:
Sumandaverage ofthree numberexecutedSuccessfully.

9. Reference:

https://cstutorialpoint.com/c-program-to-find-the-sum-and-average-of-three-numbers/

Deptof CSE
 ConversionofFahrenheittoCelsiusandViceVersa

ConversionofFahrenheittoCelsiusandViceVersa
Exp.No:

Date:

1. Aim:

ImplementaCprogramforconversionofFahrenheittoCelsiusandviceversa

2. SoftwareRequired:

TURBOC

3. Theory:

Celsius is represented byoC and Fahrenheitis representedbyoF. Thereis aformula toconvert Celsius
to Fahrenheit, using which we will be able to convert Celsius to Fahrenheit.

Similarly,there isalso a formulato convert Fahrenheit to Celsius,usingwhichwewillbeableto

convert Fahrenheit to Celsius.

FormulatoConvertTemperatureFromCelsiusToFahrenheit

Fahrenheit=(celsius*1.8)+32

FormulatoConvertTemperatureFromFahrenheittoCelsius

Celsius=((Fahrenheit-32)*5)/9;

4. Program:

#include<stdio.h>i
nt main()
{
floatt1,t2,c,f;
printf("EnterTemperatureinCelsius:");
scanf("%f",&t1);
printf("\nEnterTemperatureinFahrenheit:");

Deptof CSE
 ConversionofFahrenheittoCelsiusandViceVersa

scanf("%f",&t2);

//TemperatureFromCelsiusToFahrenheit f=(t1*9/5)+32;

//ConvertingFahrenheitintoCelsius c
= ((t2-32)*5)/9;

printf("\nTemperatureinFahrenheit:%f",f);
printf("\nTemperature in Celsius: %f",c); return
0;
}

5. Algorithm:

1. ProgramStart
2. Declarationof variable
3. EntertemperatureinCelsius
4. EntertemperatureinFahrenheit
5. ConvertingconversionintoFahrenheit
6. ConvertingFahrenheitintoCelsius
7. Displayingresult
8. ProgramEnd

Deptof CSE
 ConversionofFahrenheittoCelsiusandViceVersa

6. FlowChart:

7. SampleInputandOutput:

Enter Temperature in Celsius : 35 Enter

Temperature in Fahrenheit : 95

TemperatureinFahrenheit:95.000000

Temperature in Celsius: 35.000000

8. Result:

ConversionofFahrenheittoCelsiusandViceVersaisExecuted Successfully.

9. Reference:

https://cstutorialpoint.com/c-program-to-convert-temperature-from-celsius-to-fahrenheit-and-
fahrenheit-to-celsius/

Deptof CSE
 SimpleInterest Calculation

SimpleInterestCalculation
ExpNo:

Date:

1. Aim:ImplementingaCprogramtofindsimpleinterestcalculation

2. SoftwareDeveloped:

TurboC

3.Theory:

Simple interest is a quick method of calculating the interest charge on a loan. In this article, we
will learn to calculate the simple interest in C programming language.

Simple interest is determined by multiplying the daily interest rate by the principal by thenumber
of days that elapse between payments. Divide the product of these three values toconvert the
percentage value of the interest rate into decimals.

Simple InterestFormula

Si=p*t*r/100

WherePistheprincipalamount,T isthetime, and, Ristheinterestrate

4. Program:

#include<stdio.h>

#include<conio.h>

int main()

floatp,t,r;

float interest,amount;

printf("Enterprincipalamount=");

scanf("%f",&p);

DeptofIT,GIETEngineeringCollege,Rajahmundry
 SimpleInterest Calculation

printf("\nEntertimeperiodinyears=");

scanf("%f",&t);

printf("\nEnterrateofinterest=");

scanf("%f",&r);

interest=(p*t*r)/100;

amount=p+interest;

printf("\nprincipalamount=%f",p);

printf("\nTime period=%f",t); printf("\

nRate of interest=%f=",r);

printf("\nSimpleInterest for%fyearsat %frateis=%f",t,r,interest); printf("\n

The total amount=%f",amount);

getch();

4. Algorithm:

Step1: START
Step2:Declarevariablesp, n,randsi.
Step3 :Readthevaluesofvariablep ( principal) , n( Number ofyears) ,r( RateofInterest ). Step 4 :
calculate the values of“ si = ( p * n * r )/100 “ .
Step5:Displaysi(simple interest ).
Step 6 : STOP

DeptofIT,GIETEngineeringCollege,Rajahmundry
 SimpleInterest Calculation

5. FlowChart:

6. SampleInput andOutput:

Enterprincipalamount=500000
Enter time period in years=5
Enter rate of interest=2
principalamount=500000.000000
Time period=5.000000
Rateofinterest=2.000000
SimpleInterestfor5.000000yearsat2.000000rateis=50000.000000 The
total amount=550000.000000

7. Result:

SuccessfullyExecuted

8. References:
https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/c-program-for-simple-interest/

DeptofIT,GIETEngineeringCollege,Rajahmundry
 SquareRootofa GivenNumber

SquareRootofaGiven Number
Expno:

1. Aim:ImplementingaCprogramtofindthesquarerootofagivennumber.

2. SoftwareRequired:

TurboC

3. Theory:

ASquarerootofanumberisavaluethat,whenmultipliedbyitself,givesthenumber.

4. Program:

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<math.h>i
nt main()
{
inta;
float square;
printf("Enterthevalueforwhichyouwant tofindsqareroot::");
scanf("%d",&a);
square=sqrt(a);
printf("\nThesquarerootof%dis=%f",a,square);
getch();
}

5. SampleInputandOutput:

Enterthevalue forwhichyouwant tofindsqareroot::346 The

square root of 346 is =18.601076

6. Result:

SuccessfullyExecuted.

7. Reference:
https://www.codingbroz.com/c-program-to-find-square-root-of-a-number/

DeptofIT,GIETEngineeringCollege,Rajahmundry
 CompoundInterest

CompoundInterest
Exp.No:
Date:

1. Aim:Implementing aCprogramtofindcompoundinterest.

2. SoftwareRequired:

TurboC

3. Theory:

Compoundinterest istheadditionofinteresttotheprincipalsumofaloanordeposit, or in other

words, interest on interest. It is the result of reinvesting interest, rather than paying it out,
so that interest in the next period is then earned on the principal sum plus previously-
accumulatedinterest.Compoundinterestisstandardinfinanceand economics.

CompoundInterestformula:
Formula to calculate compound interest annually is given by:
Amount=P(1+R/100)t

4. Program:

#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>

intmain()
{
floatprinciple,rate,time,CI;

/*Inputprinciple,timeandrate*/
printf("Enter principle (amount): ");
scanf("%f", &principle);

printf("Entertime:");
scanf("%f", &time);

Deptof cse
 CompoundInterest

printf("Enterrate:");
scanf("%f", &rate);

/*Calculatecompoundinterest*/
CI=principle*(pow((1+rate /100),time));

/* Print the resultant CI */

printf("CompoundInterest=%f",CI);

return0;
}

5. SampleInputandOutput:

Enterprinciple(amount):1200
Enter time: 2
Enterrate:5.4
CompoundInterest= 1333.099243

6. Result:

SuccessfullyExecuted

7. Reference:

https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/c-program-for-compound-interest/

Deptof cse
 TriangleUsingHeron’sFormulae

TriangleUsingHeron’sFormulae
Exp.No:

Date:

1. Aim:
ImplementingaCprogramtofindareaoftriangleusingheron’sformulae.

2. SoftwareRequired:
TurboC

3. Program:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>
int main()
{
float s1,s2,s3,s,area;
printf("\nEnterthelengthofthreesidesoftriangle");
scanf("%f %f %f", &s1,&s2, &s3);
s= (s1+s2+s3)/2;
area = sqrt(s*(s-s1)*(s-s2)*(s-s3));
printf("Areaoftriangle:%0.4f\n",area);
return0;
}

4. SampleInputand Output:

Enterthelengthofthreesidesoftriangle54 87
90
Areaoftriangle:2272.0667

5. Result:

Successfullycompleted.

6. References:

https://btechgeeks.com/c-program-to-calculate-area-of-any-triangle-using-herons-formula/

DeptofIT,GIETEngineeringCollege,Rajahmundry
 DistanceTravelledbyan Object

DistanceTravelledbyanObject
Exp.No:

Date:

1. Aim:

ImplementingaCprogramtofindthedistancetravelledbyanobject.

2. SoftwareRequired:

TURBOC

3. Program:

#include<stdio.h>

int main() {

floatu,a,s;

int t;

printf("enter the values");

scanf("%f%f",&a,&u);

printf("enterthevalueoftime");

scanf("%d",&t); s=(u*t)+

(a*t*t)/2;printf("%f",s);

return0;

DeptofIT,GIETEngineeringCollege,Rajahmundry
 DistanceTravelledbyan Object

4. SampleInputandOutput:

enterthevalues4

enterthevalueoftime2

14.000000

5. Result:

SuccessfullyExecuted.

6. Reference:

https://btechgeeks.com/c-program-to-calculate-area-of-any-triangle-using-herons-formula/

DeptofIT,GIETEngineeringCollege,Rajahmundry
 Evaluate Expressions

EvaluateExpressions
Exp.No:

Date:

1. Aim:

ImplementingaCprogramtoEvaluatethefollowing expressions.

a. A+B*C+(D*E)+F*G

b. A/B*C-B+A*D/3

c. A+++B---A

d. J=(i++)+(++i)

2. SoftwareRequired:

TURBOC

3. Program:

#include<stdio.h>

int main()

intA=5,B= 10,C= 2,D=7,E= 3,F= 4,G= 6;

inti=5,j,result_a,result_b,result_c;

result_a = A+ B * C +(D *E) + F* G;

printf("a.Result ofexpressionA+B*C+(D*E)+F*Gis:%d\n",result_a);

result_b = A / B * C - B + A * D / 3;

printf("b.ResultofexpressionA/B*C-B+A*D/3is:%d\n",result_b); result_c

= A++ + ++B - --A;

DeptofIT,GIETEngineeringCollege,Rajahmundry
 Evaluate Expressions

printf("c.ResultofexpressionA+++B---Ais:%d\n",result_c); j =

(i++) + (++i);

printf("d.ValueofJafterJ=(i++)+(++i) is:%d\n", j); return

0;

4. Algorithm:

Step 1: DeclareA,B,C,D,E,F,G,i,j.

Step2:ReadA,B,C,D,E,F,G,i,jValues.

Step3:Evaluatethebelowexpressionsresult_a=A+B*C+(D*E)+F*G.result_b=A /B
*C-B+A*D /3.result_c = A+++ ++B---A.J= (i++)+ (++i).

Step4:Printresult_a,result_b,result_c,j

Step 5: Exit or terminate the program.

5. SampleInputandOutput:

a. ResultofexpressionA+B*C+(D*E)+F*Gis:70

b. Result ofexpressionA/B*C-B+A*D/3 is:1

c. ResultofexpressionA+++B---Ais:11

d. ValueofJafter J=(i++) +(++i)is:12

6. Result:

SuccessfullyExecuted.

7. Reference:

https://www.educba.com/expression-evaluation-in-c

DeptofIT,GIETEngineeringCollege,Rajahmundry
 MaximumofThreeNumbersUsingConditionalOperator

MaximumofThreeNumbersUsingConditionalOperator
Exp.No:

Date:

1. Aim:

ImplementingaCprogramtofindthemaximumofthreenumbersusingconditionaloperator.

2. SoftwareRequired:

TURBOC

3. Program:

#include<stdio.h>

int main()

intnum1,num2,num3,max;

printf("Enter three numbers: ");

scanf("%d%d%d",&num1,&num2,&num3);

max=(num1>num2)?((num1>num3)?num1:num3):((num2>num3)?num2:
num3);printf("Maximum number is %d\n", max);

return0;

DeptofIT,GIETEngineeringCollege,Rajahmundry
 MaximumofThreeNumbersUsingConditionalOperator

4. Algorithm:

Step-1:Declarenum1,num2,num3,max.

Step-2:Readnum1,num2,num3usingscanf()function.

Step-3:Calculatemaxvalueusingtheconditionaloperator(ternaryoperator)tofindthe maximum.

Step-4:Printmaxvalue.

Step-5:Exitorterminatethe program.

5. SampleInputandOutput:

Enterthreenumbers:456

Maximum number is 6

6.Result:

SuccessfullyExecuted.

7.Reference:

https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/conditional-or-ternary-operator-in-c/

DeptofIT,GIETEngineeringCollege,Rajahmundry
 CalculatingMarks

CalculatingMarks
Exp.No:

Date:

1. Aim:

ImplementingaCprogramforcalculatingmarksof5subjectsinintegers,and findthetotal, average in

float

2. SoftwareRequired:

TURBOC

3. Program:

#include<stdio.h>

main()

int marks[5],i;

float total = 0.0, average;

printf("Entermarksof5subjects:");

for(i=0;i< 5;i++)

scanf("%d",&marks[i]);

total += marks[i];

average = total / 5.0;

printf("Totalmarks:%.2f\n",total);

DeptofIT,GIETEngineeringCollege,Rajahmundry
 CalculatingMarks

printf("Averagemarks:%.2f\n",average);

return 0;

4. SampleInputandOutput:

Entermarksof5 subjects: 45

56

35

50

70

Totalmarks: 256.00

Averagemarks:51.20

5. Result:

SuccessfullyExecuted.

6. Reference:

https://w3codeworld.com/article/72/c-program-to-enter-the-marks-of-five-subjects-and-
calculate-total--average--and-percentage

DeptofIT,GIETEngineeringCollege,Rajahmundry
 MaxandMinofFoirNumbersusingIf-Else

MaxAndMinofFourNumbersUsingIf-Else
Exp.No:

Date:

1. Aim:

Implement aCprogramtofindthemaxandminoffournumbersusingif-else.
2. SoftwareRequired:
TURBOC
3. Program:
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
intn1,n2,n3,n4; int
max, min;
printf("Enterfournumbers:");
scanf("%d%d%d%d",&n1,&n2,&n3,&n4); if
(n1 >= n2 && n1 >= n3 && n1 >= n4)
{
max=n1;
}
else if(n2>=n1&&n2>=n3&&n2>=n4)
{
max=n2;
}
else if(n3>=n1&&n3>=n2&&n3>=n4)
{
max=n3;
}
else
{
max=n4;

DeptofIT,GIETEngineeringCollege,Rajahmundry
 MaxandMinofFoirNumbersusingIf-Else

}
if(n1<=n2&& n1<=n3&&n1<=n4)
{
min=n1;
}
else if(n2<=n1&&n2<=n3&&n2<=n4)
{
min=n2;
}
else if(n3<=n1&&n3<=n2&&n3<=n4)
{
min=n3;
}
else
{
min=n4;
}
printf("Maximumis:%d\n",max);
printf("Minimum is: %d\n", min);
return0;
}
4. SampleInputandOutput:
Enterfour numbers:5680 90
Maximumis: 90
Minimumis:0
5. Result:

SuccessfullyExecuted.

6. Reference:

https://www.w3resource.com/c-programming-exercises/basic-declarations-and-expressions/c-
programming-basic-exercises-58.php

DeptofIT,GIETEngineeringCollege,Rajahmundry
 GenerateElectricityBill

GenerateElectricityBill
Exp.No:

Date:

1. Aim:

ImplementaCprogramtogenerateelectricity bill.
2. SoftwareRequired:
TURBOC
3. Program:
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
intunit;
float amt, total_amt, sur_charge;
printf("Entertotalunitsconsumed:");
scanf("%d", &unit);
if(unit<= 50)
{
amt=unit*0.50;
}
elseif(unit<=150)
{
amt=25+((unit-50) * 0.75);
}
elseif(unit<=250)
{
amt=100+((unit-150) * 1.20);
}
else
{
amt=220+((unit-250) * 1.50);

DeptofIT,GIETEngineeringCollege,Rajahmundry
 GenerateElectricityBill

}
sur_charge = amt * 0.20;
total_amt=amt+sur_charge;
printf("ElectricityBill=Rs.%.2f",total_amt);
return 0;
}
4. SampleInputandOutput:
Entertotalunitsconsumed:500

Electricity Bill = Rs. 714.00

5.Result:

SuccessfullyExecuted.

6.Reference:

https://codeforwin.org/c-programming/c-program-to-calculate-electricity-bill

DeptofIT,GIETEngineeringCollege,Rajahmundry
 RootsofQuadraticEquation

RootsofQuadraticEquation
Exp.No:

Date:

1. Aim:

ImplementaCprogramtofind rootsofquadraticequation.
2. SoftwareRequired:
TURBOC
3. Program:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>
main()
{
doublea,b,c;
doublediscriminant,root1, root2;
printf("Enterthecoefficientsofthequadraticequation(a,b,c):"); scanf("%lf
%lf %lf", &a, &b, &c);
discriminant =b*b-4*a*c; if
(discriminant > 0)
{
root1=(-b+sqrt(discriminant))/(2*a);
root2=(-b- sqrt(discriminant)) /(2 *a);
printf("Tworealanddistinctroots:\n");
printf("Root 1 = %.2lf\n", root1);
printf("Root 2 = %.2lf\n", root2);
}
else if(discriminant==0)
{
root1=-b/(2*a);
printf("Onerealroot(doubleroot):\n");
printf("Root = %.2lf\n", root1);

DeptofIT,GIETEngineeringCollege,Rajahmundry
 RootsofQuadraticEquation

}
else
{
doublerealPart=-b/(2 * a);
doubleimaginaryPart=sqrt(-discriminant)/(2*a);
printf("Two complex roots:\n");
printf("Root 1=%.2lf+%.2lfi\n",realPart,imaginaryPart);
printf("Root 2= %.2lf- %.2lfi\n", realPart, imaginaryPart);
}
return0;
}
4. SampleInputand Output:
Enterthecoefficientsofthequadraticequation(a,b,c):4 5

Twocomplexroots:

Root1=-0.62+ 1.05i

Root2=-0.62-1.05i

5. Result:

SuccessfullyExecuted.

6. Reference:

https://www.programiz.com/c-programming/examples/quadratic-roots

DeptofIT,GIETEngineeringCollege,Rajahmundry
 CalculatorUsingSwitchCase

CalculatorUsingSwitchCase
Exp.No:

Date:

1. Aim:

Implement aCprogramtosimulateacalculatorusingswitchcase.
2. SoftwareRequired:
TURBOC
3. Program:
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
charop;
doublefirst,second;
printf("Enteranoperator(+,-,*,/):");
scanf("%c", &op);
printf("Enter two operands: ");
scanf("%lf%lf",&first,&second);
switch (op)
{
case'+':
printf("%.1lf+%.1lf=%.1lf", first,second,first +second); break;
case'-':
printf("%.1lf-%.1lf=%.1lf", first,second,first -second); break;
case'*':
printf("%.1lf*%.1lf=%.1lf",first,second,first *second); break;
case'/':
printf("%.1lf/%.1lf=%.1lf",first, second,first/second);

DeptofIT,GIETEngineeringCollege,Rajahmundry
 CalculatorUsingSwitchCase

break;
default:
printf("Error!operator isnotcorrect");
}
return0;
}
4. SampleInputandOutput:
Enteranoperator(+,-,*,/):* Enter

two operands: 3 6

3.0*6.0=18.0

5. Result:

SuccessfullyExecuted.

6. Reference:

https://www.programiz.com/c-programming/examples/calculator-switch-case

DeptofIT,GIETEngineeringCollege,Rajahmundry
 LeapYearorNot

LeapYearorNot
Exp.No:

Date:

1. Aim:

ImplementaCprogramtofindthegivenyearisaleapyearor not.
2. SoftwareRequired:
TURBOC
3. Program:
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
int year;
printf("Enterayear:");
scanf("%d", &year);
if((year% 4==0 && year%100!=0)||(year%400 ==0))
{
printf("%disa leapyear.\n",year);
}
else
{
printf("%disnotaleapyear.\n",year);
}
return0;
}

DeptofIT,GIETEngineeringCollege,Rajahmundry
 LeapYearorNot

4. SampleInputandOutput:
Enter a year: 2023

2023isnotaleapyear.

5.Result:

SuccessfullyExecuted.

6.Reference:

https://www.tutorialspoint.com/learn_c_by_examples/leap_year_program_in_c.htm

DeptofIT,GIETEngineeringCollege,Rajahmundry
 FactorialOfGivenNumberUsingLoop

FactorialOfGivenNumberUsingLoop
Exp.No:

Date:

1. Aim:

ImplementaCprogramtofindthefactorialofgivennumber usinganyloop.
2. SoftwareRequired:
TURBOC
3. Program:
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
int i=1, f = 1, n;
printf("Inputthenumber:");
scanf("%d", &n);
while(i<=n)
{
f=f*i; i+
+;
}
printf("TheFactorialof%dis:%d\n",n, f);
return 0;
}
4. SampleInputandOutput:
Inputthenumber : 6

TheFactorialof6is: 720

5. Result:

SuccessfullyExecuted.

6. Reference:

https://www.w3resource.com/c-programming-exercises/for-loop/c-for-loop-exercises-15.php

DeptofIT,GIETEngineeringCollege,Rajahmundry
 PrimeorNot

PrimeOrNot
Exp.No:

Date:

1. Aim:

ImplementaCprogramtofindgivennumberisaprimeor not.
2. SoftwareRequired:
TURBOC
3. Program:
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
intn,i,m=0,flag=0;
printf("Enterthenumbertocheckprime:");
scanf("%d",&n);
m=n/2;
for(i=2;i<=m;i++)
{
if(n%i==0)
{
printf("Numberisnotprime");
flag=1;
break;
}
}
if(flag==0)printf("Number
isprime"); return 0;
}

Deptof CSE,SMGG A.Somaraju

 PrimeorNot

4. SampleInputandOutput:
Enterthenumbertocheckprime:4 Number

is not prime

5. Result:

SuccessfullyExecuted.

6. Reference:

https://www.programiz.com/c-programming/examples/prime-number

Deptof CSE,SMGG A.Somaraju

 Sineand consSeries

SineandCosSeries
Exp.No:

Date:

1. Aim:

ImplementaCprogramtoComputesineandcosseries
2. SoftwareRequired:
TURBOC
3. Program:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>
//Functiontocalculatefactorialofanumber double
factorial(int n) {
double fact= 1.0;
for(int i=1;i<=n;i++){ fact
*= i;
}
return fact;
}
intmain(){
doublex,sinX=0.0,cosX=0.0; int n;
//Prompttheuserto entertheangle inradiansandthenumberofterms intheseries printf("Enter the
angle in radians (x): ");
scanf("%lf",&x);
printf("Enterthenumberoftermsintheseries:");
scanf("%d", &n);
//Calculatesine(x)andcosine(x)usingtheTaylorseriesexpansions for (int
i = 0; i< n; i++) {
intexponent=2* i+1;
doubleterm=pow(-1,i) *pow(x, exponent) /factorial(exponent);

DeptofIT,GIETEngineeringCollege,Rajahmundry
 Sineand consSeries

sinX+=term;
if(i%2==0){
//Forcosine,thetermswithevenexponentsareadded cosX
+= term;
}
}
// Display the results
printf("sin(x) = %.6lf\n", sinX);
printf("cos(x)=%.6lf\n",cosX);
return0;
}
4. SampleInputandOutput:
Entertheangleinradians(x): 4
Enterthenumberoftermsintheseries:4
sin(x) = -1.384127
cos(x) = 12.533333
5. Result:

SuccessfullyExecuted.

6. Reference:

https://www.codingconnect.net/c-program-sine-series/

DeptofIT,GIETEngineeringCollege,Rajahmundry
 Number Palindrome

NumberPalindrome
Exp.No:

Date:

1. Aim:

ImplementaCprogramtoCheckinganumberpalindrome
2. SoftwareRequired:
TURBOC
3. Program:
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
int num, r, sum = 0, t;
printf("Inputanumber:");
scanf("%d", &num);
for(t= num;num!=0;num= num/10)
{
r=num%10;
sum=sum*10+r;
}
if(t ==sum)
printf("%disapalindromenumber.\n",t);
else
printf("%disnotapalindromenumber.\n", t);
return0;
}

Deptof cse,SMGGEngineeringCollege,A.Somaraju
 Number Palindrome

4. SampleInputandOutput:
Inputanumber:121
121isapalindromenumber.
Input a number: 123
123isnotapalindromenumber.
5. Result:

SuccessfullyExecuted.

6. Reference:

https://www.w3resource.com/c-programming-exercises/for-loop/c-for-loop-exercises-38.php

Deptof cse,SMGGEngineeringCollege,A.Somaraju
 PyramidofNumbers

PyramidOfNumbers
Exp.No:

Date:

1. Aim:

ImplementaCprogramtoConstructapyramidofnumbers.
2. SoftwareRequired:
TURBOC
3. Program:
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i,space,rows,k=0,count =0,count1=0;
printf("Enter the number of rows: ");
scanf("%d", &rows);
for(i= 1; i<= rows; ++i)
{
for(space= 1;space <=rows-i;++space)
{
printf("");
++count;
}
while(k !=2 * i-1)
{
if(count<=rows -1)
{
printf("%d",i+k);
++count;
}else
{
++count1;

DeptofIT,GIETEngineeringCollege,Rajahmundry
 PyramidofNumbers

printf("%d ",(i+ k-2*count1));

}
++k;
}
count1=count=k=0;
printf("\n");
}
return0;
}
4. SampleInputandOutput:
Enterthenumberofrows:5 1

232

34543

4567654

567898765

5. Result:

SuccessfullyExecuted.

6. Reference:

https://www.programiz.com/c-programming/examples/pyramid-pattern

DeptofIT,GIETEngineeringCollege,Rajahmundry
 MinandMaxA1-DIntegerArray

MinAndMaxof A1-DIntegerArray
Exp.No:

Date:

1. Aim:

ImplementaCprogramtofindtheminandmaxofa1-Dinteger array.
2. SoftwareRequired:
TURBOC
3. Program:
#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
int arr1[100];
inti,mx,mn,n;
printf("\n\nFind maximumand minimumelement inanarray:\n");
printf(" \n");
printf("Inputthenumberofelementsto bestoredinthearray:");
scanf("%d",&n);
printf("Input %delementsinthearray:\n",n);
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
printf("element-%d:",i);
scanf("%d",&arr1[i]);
}
mx = arr1[0];
mn = arr1[0];
for(i=1;i<n;i++)
{
if(arr1[i]>mx)
{
mx=arr1[i];
 MinandMaxA1-DIntegerArray

}
if(arr1[i]<mn)
{
mn=arr1[i];
}
}
printf("Maximum element is : %d\n", mx);
printf("Minimumelementis:%d\n\n",mn);
}
4. SampleInputandOutput:
Findmaximumandminimumelementinanarray:

Inputthenumberofelementsto bestoredinthearray:5 Input

5 elements in the array :

element-0: 12

element-1: 35

element-2: 3

element-3: 90

element-4: 1

Maximumelementis:90

Minimum element is : 1

5.Result:

SuccessfullyExecuted.

6.Reference:

https://www.w3resource.com/c-programming-exercises/array/c-array-exercise-9.php
 LinearSearchOn1DArray

LinearSearchOn1DArray
Exp.No:

Date:

1. Aim:

ImplementaCprogramtoPerformlinear searchon1Darray.
2. SoftwareRequired:
TURBOC
3. Program:
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
inta[10],search,i,n;
printf("Enternumberofelementsinarray\n"); scanf("%d",
&n);
printf("Enter%dinteger(s)\n",n); for
(i = 0; i< n; i++)
scanf("%d",&a[i]);
printf("Enteranumbertosearch\n");
scanf("%d", &search);
for(i= 0; i< n;i++)
{
if(a[i] == search)
{
printf("%dispresentatlocation%d.\n",search,i+1); break;
}
}
if(i==n)
printf("%disn'tpresentinthearray.\n",search);
return 0;
 LinearSearchOn1DArray

}
4. SampleInputandOutput:
Enternumberofelementsinarray 4

Enter4integer(s)

12

90

-1

Enteranumbertosearch

12

12ispresentatlocation1.

5. Result:

SuccessfullyExecuted.

6. Reference:

https://www.programmingsimplified.com/c/source-code/c-program-linear-search
 ReverseA1DIntegerArray

ReverseA1DIntegerArray
Exp.No:

Date:

1. Aim:

ImplementaCprogramtoreversea1Dinteger array.
2. SoftwareRequired:
TURBOC
3. Program:
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int n,i,j,a[10], b[10];
printf("Enterthenumberofelementsinarray\n");
scanf("%d", &n);
printf("Enterthearrayelements\n"); for
(i = 0; i<n ;i++)
scanf("%d",&a[i]);
for(i=n-1,j=0;i>=0;i--,j++) b[j] =
a[i];
for(i=0;i<n;i++) a[i]
= b[i];
printf("Reversearrayis\n"); for
(i = 0; i< n; i++)
printf("%d\n",a[i]);
return 0;
}
 ReverseA1DIntegerArray

4. SampleInputandOutput:
Enterthenumberofelementsinarray 5
Enterthearrayelements
12
34
9
1
0
Reversearrayis
0
1
9
34
12

5. Result:

SuccessfullyExecuted.

6. Reference:

https://www.w3schools.in/c-programming/examples/reverse-array
 2’sComplementofTheGivenBinaryNumber

2’sComplementofTheGivenBinaryNumber
Exp.No:

Date:

1. Aim:

ImplementaCprogramtofind2’scomplementofthegivenbinarynumber.
2. SoftwareRequired:
TURBOC
3. Program:
#include<stdio.h>
#define SIZE 8
int main()
{
charbinary[SIZE+1],onesComp[SIZE+1],twosComp[SIZE+1]; int i,
carry=1;\
printf("Enter%dbitbinaryvalue:",SIZE);
/*Input8-bitbinarystring*/ gets(binary);

/*Findonescomplementofthebinarynumber*/ for(i=0;
i<SIZE; i++)
{
if(binary[i]=='1')
{
onesComp[i]='0';
}
elseif(binary[i]=='0')
{
onesComp[i]='1';
}
}
 2’sComplementofTheGivenBinaryNumber

onesComp[SIZE]='\0';

/*
* Add1tothe onescomplement
*/
for(i=SIZE-1;i>=0;i--)
{
if(onesComp[i]=='1'&&carry==1)
{
twosComp[i]='0';
}
elseif(onesComp[i] =='0'&&carry==1)
{
twosComp[i]='1';
carry=0;
}
else
{
twosComp[i]=onesComp[i];
}
}
twosComp[SIZE]='\0';

printf("Original binary = %s\n", binary);

printf("Ones complement = %s\n", onesComp);
printf("Twoscomplement=%s\n",twosComp);
return0;
}
 2’sComplementofTheGivenBinaryNumber

4. SampleInputandOutput:
Enter8bitbinaryvalue:01110111
Original binary = 01110111
Ones complement = 10001000
Twoscomplement=10001001
5.Result:

SuccessfullyExecuted.

6.Reference:

https://codeforwin.org/c-programming/c-program-to-find-twos-complement-of-binary-number
 EliminateDuplicateElementsinAnArray

EliminateDuplicateElementsinAnArray
Exp.No:

Date:

1. Aim:

ImplementaCprogramtoEliminateduplicateelementsinanarray.
2. SoftwareRequired:
TURBOC
3. Program:
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
inta[50],i,j,k,count=0,dup[50],n;
printf("Enter size of the array");
scanf("%d",&n);
printf("EnterElementsofthearray:");
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
scanf("%d",&a[i]);
dup[i] = -1;
}
printf("Enteredelementare:"); for(i=0;i<n;i+
+)
{
printf("%d",a[i]);
}
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
for(j=i+1; j<n;j++)
{
if(a[i]==a[j]){
 EliminateDuplicateElementsinAnArray

for(k=j;k <n; k++)

{
a[k]=a[k+1];
}
j--;
n--;
}
}
}
printf("\nAfterdeletingtheduplicateelementtheArrayis:"); for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
printf("%d",a[i]);
}
}
4. SampleInputandOutput:
Entersize ofthe array10

EnterElementsofthe array:0134532421

Enteredelementare: 013 4532421

AfterdeletingtheduplicateelementtheArrayis:013452

5. Result:

SuccessfullyExecuted.

6. Reference:

https://www.tutorialspoint.com/c-program-to-delete-the-duplicate-elements-in-an-array
 AdditionofTwoMatrices

AdditionofTwoMatrices
Exp.No:

Date:

1. Aim:

ImplementaCprogramforAdditionoftwomatrices.
2. SoftwareRequired:
TURBOC
3. Program:
#include<stdio.h>

main()

intr,c,a[10][10],b[10][10],sum[10][10],i,j;

printf("Enterthenumberofrows(between1and100):");

scanf("%d", &r);

printf("Enterthenumberofcolumns(between1and100):");

scanf("%d", &c);

printf("\nEnterelementsof1stmatrix:\n"); for

(i = 0; i< r; ++i)

for(j=0;j<c;++j)

printf("Enterelement a%d%d:",i+1,j+1);

scanf("%d", &a[i][j]);

printf("Enterelementsof2ndmatrix:\n");

for (i = 0; i< r; ++i)

for(j=0;j<c;++j)

DeptofIT,GIETEngineeringCollege,Rajahmundry
 AdditionofTwoMatrices

printf("Enterelement b%d%d:",i+1,j+1);

scanf("%d", &b[i][j]);

for (i = 0; i< r; ++i)

for(j=0;j<c;++j)

sum[i][j]=a[i][j]+b[i][j];

printf("\nSumoftwomatrices:\n"); for

(i = 0; i< r; ++i)

for(j=0;j<c;++j)

printf("%d",sum[i][j]); if

(j == c - 1)

printf("\n\n");

return0;

4. SampleInputandOutput:
Enter the number of rows (between 1 and 100): 2

Enterthenumberofcolumns(between1and100):2 Enter

elements of 1st matrix:

DeptofIT,GIETEngineeringCollege,Rajahmundry
 AdditionofTwoMatrices

Enterelementa11:12

Enter element a12: 2

Enter element a21: 4

Enter element a22: 2

Enter elementsof2ndmatrix:

Enter element b11: 1

Enter element b12: 3

Enter element b21: 2

Enter element b22: 4

Sumoftwomatrices:

135

66

5. Result:

SuccessfullyExecuted.

6. Reference:

https://www.programiz.com/c-programming/examples/add-matrix

DeptofIT,GIETEngineeringCollege,Rajahmundry
 MultiplicationofTwoMatrices

MultiplicationofTwoMatrices
Exp.No:

Date:

1. Aim:

ImplementaCprogramforMultiplicationoftwo matrices.
2. SoftwareRequired:
TURBOC
3. Program:
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
intc,d,p,q,m,n,k,tot=0;
intfst[10][10],sec[10][10],mul[10][10];
printf("Please insertthenumberofrowsandcolumnsforfirst matrix \n");
scanf("%d%d", &m, &n);
printf("Insertyourmatrixelements:\n"); for (c
= 0; c < m; c++)
for(d=0;d<n;d++)
scanf("%d",&fst[c][d]);
printf("Please insertthenumberofrowsandcolumnsforsecond matrix\n"); scanf("
%d %d", &p, &q);
if(n!= p)
printf("Yourgivenmatricescannotbe multiplied witheachother. \n"); else
{
printf("Insertyourelementsforsecondmatrix\n"); for
(c = 0; c < p; c++)
for(d=0;d<q;d++)
scanf("%d",&sec[c][d]);
for(c=0;c<m; c++)

DeptofIT,GIETEngineeringCollege,Rajahmundry
 MultiplicationofTwoMatrices

{
for(d= 0;d<q;d++)
{
for(k= 0;k<p;k++)
{
tot=tot+ fst[c][k]*sec[k][d];
}
mul[c][d]=tot;
tot = 0;
}
}
printf("Theresult ofmatrixmultiplicationorproductofthematricesis: \n"); for (c =
0; c < m; c++)
{
for (d = 0; d < q; d++)
printf("%d\t",mul[c][d]);
printf(" \n ");
}
}
return0;
}
4. SampleInputandOutput:
Pleaseinsertthenumberofrowsandcolumnsforfirstmatrix 2 2

Insertyourmatrixelements:

11

11

Pleaseinsertthenumberofrowsandcolumnsforsecondmatrix 2 2

DeptofIT,GIETEngineeringCollege,Rajahmundry
 MultiplicationofTwoMatrices

Insertyourelementsforsecondmatrix 2

22

Theresultofmatrixmultiplicationorproductofthematrices is:

4 4

4 4

5. Result:

SuccessfullyExecuted.

6. Reference:

https://www.w3schools.in/c-programming/examples/matrix-multiplication-in-c

DeptofIT,GIETEngineeringCollege,Rajahmundry
 BubbleSort

BubbleSort
Exp.No:

Date:

1. Aim:

ImplementaCprogramSortarrayelementsusingbubble sort.
2. SoftwareRequired:

TURBOC

3. Theory:

Bubble Sort is the simplest sorting algorithmthat works by repeatedly swapping the adjacent
elements if they are in the wrong order. This algorithm is not suitable for large data sets as its
average and worst-case time complexity is quite high.

4. Program:

#include<stdio.h>bubble
(int*a,intn)
{
int tem,count, i,j;
for(i=0;i<n-1;i++)
{
count=0;
for(j=0;j<n-1-i;j++)
{
if(a[j]>a[j+1])
{
tem=a[j];
a[j]=a[j+1];
a[j+1]=tem;
count=1;
}

DeptofIT,GIETEngineeringCollege,Rajahmundry
 BubbleSort

}
if(count==0)
break;
}
}
main()
{
int n,a[100],i;
printf("\nenternumberofelements:");
scanf("%d",&n);
printf("\nenterarrayelements:");
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
scanf("%d",&a[i]);
printf("\nTheelementsbeforesorting:"); for(i=0;i<n;i+
+)
printf("%d",a[i]);
bubble(a,n);
printf("\nTheelementsaftersortingare:");
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
printf("%d",a[i]);
return 0;
}
5. Algorithm:
Bubble(a,n)

Begin

For i=1 to n-1 by 1 do

Forj=0ton-1-Iby1do If

a[j] >[j+1] then

Settmp=a[j];

DeptofIT,GIETEngineeringCollege,Rajahmundry
 BubbleSort

Set a[j]=a[j+1];

Seta[j+1]=tmp;

Endif

Endfor

endfor

end

6. SampleInputandOutput:

Enternumberofelements:5

Enterarrayelements:45921357

Theelementsbeforesorting: 45921357

Theelementsaftersortingare : 39214557

7. Result:

BubbleSortProgramSuccessfullyExecuted.

6.Reference:

https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/bubble-sort/

DeptofIT,GIETEngineeringCollege,Rajahmundry
 ConcatenatingTwoStringsWithoutBuilt-InFunctions

ConcatenatingTwoStringsWithoutBuilt-InFunctions
Exp.No:

Date:

1. Aim:

Implement aCprogramforConcatenatingtwostringswithoutbuilt-in functions

2. SoftwareRequired:
TURBOC

3. Program:

void main(void)

charstr1[25],str2[25];

int i=0,j=0;

printf("\nEnterFirstString:");

gets(str1);

printf("\nEnterSecondString:");

gets(str2);

while(str1[i]!='\0')

i++;

while(str2[j]!='\0')

str1[i]=str2[j];

j++;
 ConcatenatingTwoStringsWithoutBuilt-InFunctions

i++;

str1[i]='\0';

printf("\nConcatenatedStringis%s",str1);

4. SampleInputandOutput:

EnterFirstString:sai

Enter Second String:deepthi

ConcatenatedStringissaideepthi

5.Result:

SuccessfullyExecuted.

6.Reference:

https://www.w3schools.in/c-programming/examples/concatenate-two-strings-without-using-
strcat
 ReverseAStringUsingBuilt-InandWithoutBuilt-InStringFunctions

ReverseAStringUsingBuilt-InandWithoutBuilt-InString
Functions
Exp.No:

Date:

1. Aim:

ImplementaCprogramtoReverseastring usingbuilt-inandwithoutbuilt-instringfunctions
2. SoftwareRequired:
TURBOC

3. Program:

#include <stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
void main()
{
charstr[100];

intl, i;
printf("\n\nPrint individualcharactersofstringinreverseorder:\n"); printf("\
n");
printf("Inputthestring:");
fgets(str, sizeof str, stdin);
l=strlen(str);
printf("Thecharactersofthestring inreverseare: \n");
for(i=l;i>=0;i--)
{
printf("%c", str[i]);
}
printf("\n");
}

DeptofIT,GIETEngineeringCollege,Rajahmundry
 ReverseAStringUsingBuilt-InandWithoutBuilt-InStringFunctions

4. SampleInputandOutput:

Printindividualcharactersofstringinreverseorder :

Inputthestring:saideepthi

The charactersofthestringinreverse are:ihtpee dias

5. Result:

SuccessfullyExecuted.

6. Reference:

https://www.tutorialspoint.com/cprogramming/index.htm

DeptofIT,GIETEngineeringCollege,Rajahmundry
 Sumofa1DArrayUsingMalloc

Sumofa1DArrayUsingMalloc()
Exp.No:

Date:

1. Aim:

ImplementaCprogramtofind thesumofa 1Darrayusingmalloc().

2. SoftwareRequired:

TURBOC

3. Program:

#include <stdio.h>

#include<malloc.h>

#include <stdlib.h>

void main()

inti, n;

int*a,*b,*c;

printf("Enterthesizeofthearrays\n");

scanf("%d", &n);

a=(int*)malloc(n* sizeof(int));

b=(int*)malloc(n* sizeof(int));

c = (int *)malloc(n * sizeof(int));

printf("EnterElementsofFirstList\n");

for(i=0; i<n; i++)

scanf("%d",a+ i);

DeptofIT,GIETEngineeringCollege,Rajahmundry
 Sumofa1DArrayUsingMalloc

printf("EnterElementsofSecondList\n"); for

(i = 0; i< n; i++)

scanf("%d",b+i);

for(i=0; i<n; i++)

*(c+i)= *(a+i)+ *(b+ i);

printf("ResultantListis\n");

for (i = 0; i< n; i++)

printf("%d\n",*(c+i));

return0;

DeptofIT,GIETEngineeringCollege,Rajahmundry
 Sumofa1DArrayUsingMalloc

4. SampleInputandOutput:

Enterthesizeofthearrays 5

EnterElementsofFirstList 12

23 34 1 2

EnterElementsofSecondList 13456

ResultantListis

13263868

5. Result:

SuccessfullyExecuted.

6. Reference:

https://www.sanfoundry.com/c-program-compute-sum-two-one-dimensional-arrays-using-
malloc/

DeptofIT,GIETEngineeringCollege,Rajahmundry
 TotalAverageofNstudentsusingStructures

Total,AverageofnstudentsusingStructures
Exp.No:

Date:

1. Aim:

ImplementaCprogramtofindthetotal,averageofnstudentsusingstructures.

2. SoftwareRequired:

TURBOC

3. Program:

#include<stdio.h>

struct student

char name[10];

floatm1,m2,m3;

float avg,total;

};

void main()

structstudents[20];

int n,i;

floattavg,sum=0.0;

printf("Enterthenumberofstudent=");

scanf("%d",&n);

for(i=0;i<n;i++)

printf("Enter thedetailof%dstudents\n",i+1);

DeptofIT,GIETEngineeringCollege,Rajahmundry
 TotalAverageofNstudentsusingStructures

printf("\nEnterName=");

scanf("%s",s[i].name);

printf("Enter the three subject score\n"); scanf("%f%f

%f",&s[i].m1,&s[i].m2,&s[i].m3);

s[i].total=s[i].m1+s[i].m2+s[i].m3;

s[i].avg=s[i].total/3;

for(i=0;i<n;i++)

if(s[i].avg>=35)

printf("\n%shasscoredabovetheaveragemarks",s[i].name); else

printf("\n%shasscoredbelowtheaveragemarks",s[i].name);

4. SampleInputandOutput:

Enterthenumberofstudent=2

Enter the detail of 1 students

Enter Name=deepu

Enterthethreesubjectscore

45 56 67

Enterthedetailof2students

Enter Name=deepthi

Enterthethreesubjectscore

78 45 78

DeptofIT,GIETEngineeringCollege,Rajahmundry
 TotalAverageofNstudentsusingStructures

deepu has scored above the average marks

deepthihasscoredabovetheaveragemarks1

5. Result:

SuccessfullyExecuted.

6. Reference:

https://www.vtuloop.com/program-13-c-programming-lab/

DeptofIT,GIETEngineeringCollege,Rajahmundry
 DisplayFailedStudentsUsingCalloc()

DisplayFailedStudentsUsingCalloc()
Exp.No:

Date:

1. Aim:

ImplementaCprogramtoEnternstudentsdatausingcalloc() and displayfailedstudentslist.

2. SoftwareRequired:

TURBOC

3. Program:

#include <stdio.h>

#include<stdlib.h>

struct Student

charname[50];

introllNumber;

float marks;

};

int main()

intn;

printf("Enterthenumberofstudents:");

scanf("%d", &n);

structStudent*students=(structStudent*)calloc(n,sizeof(structStudent)); for

(int i = 0; i< n; ++i)

printf("\nEnterdetails for student%d:\n",i+1);

 DisplayFailedStudentsUsingCalloc()

printf("Name:");

scanf("%s",students[i].name);

printf("Roll Number: ");

scanf("%d",&students[i].rollNumber);

printf("Marks: ");

scanf("%f",&students[i].marks);

printf("\nListoffailedstudents:\n");

for (int i = 0; i< n; ++i)

if(students[i].marks<=40.0)

printf("Name:%s\n", students[i].name);

printf("RollNumber:%d\n",students[i].rollNumber);

printf("Marks: %.2f\n", students[i].marks); printf("\

n");

free(students);

return 0;

4. Sample Input and Output:

Enterthenumberofstudents:2

Enter details for student 1:

Name: divitha
 DisplayFailedStudentsUsingCalloc()

RollNumber: 1

Marks:90

Enterdetails forstudent2:

Name: deepu

RollNumber:2

Marks:40

Listoffailed students:

Name: deepu

RollNumber:2

Marks:40.00

5. Result:

SuccessfullyExecuted.

6. Reference:

https://www.vtuloop.com/program-13-c-programming-lab/
 Readstudentnameand marks fromthecommandlineanddisplaythestudentdetails

Readstudentnameandmarksfromthecommandlineanddisplay the
student details
Exp.No:

Date:

1. Aim:

Implement aCprogramto Readstudent nameandmarksfromthecommand lineanddisplaythe student

details along with the total

2. SoftwareRequired:

TURBOC

3. Program:

#include <stdio.h>

#include<stdlib.h>

struct Student

{ char name[50];

int marks;

};

intmain(intargc,char*argv[]){ if

(argc< 2) {

printf("Usage:%s<number_of_students>\n",argv[0]); return

1;

intn= atoi(argv[1]);

structStudent*students=(structStudent*)calloc(n,sizeof(structStudent)); if

(students == NULL) {

printf("Memoryallocationfailed.Exiting...\n");

DeptofIT,GIETEngineeringCollege,Rajahmundry
 Readstudentnameand marks fromthecommandlineanddisplaythestudentdetails

return1;

for(inti=0;i<n;i++){

printf("Enter name ofstudent %d: ", i+ 1);

scanf("%s",

students[i].name);printf("Entermarksofstud

ent %d:",i+1); scanf("%d",

&students[i].marks);

int total= 0;

intfailedCount = 0;

for (int i = 0; i< n; i++)

{ total +=

students[i].marks; if

(students[i].marks< 40) {

failedCount++;

floataverage=(float)total/n;

printf("\nStudent Details:\n");

for (int i = 0; i< n; i++) {

printf("Name:%s, Marks:%d\n",students[i].name, students[i].marks);

printf("\nTotal marks: %d\n", total);

printf("Averagemarks:%.2f\n",average);

DeptofIT,GIETEngineeringCollege,Rajahmundry
 Readstudentnameand marks fromthecommandlineanddisplaythestudentdetails

if (failedCount> 0) {

printf("\nFailedstudentslist:\n");

DeptofIT,GIETEngineeringCollege,Rajahmundry
 Readstudentnameand marks fromthecommandlineanddisplaythestudentdetails

for(inti=0;i<n;i++) {

if(students[i].marks<40){

printf("Name:%s,Marks:%d\n",students[i].name, students[i].marks);

}else{

printf("\nNostudents failed.\n");

free(students);

return 0;}

4. SampleInputandOutput:

Enterthenumberofstudents:2

Enter name of student 1: sai

Enter marks of student 1: 12

Enternameofstudent 2: deepu

Enter marks of student 2: 23

Totalmarks: 35

Averagemarks:17.5

Failed students list:

Name: sai, Marks: 12

Name:deepu,Marks:23

5. Result:

SuccessfullyExecuted.

6. Reference:

https://www.vtuloop.com/program-13-c-programming-lab/

DeptofIT,GIETEngineeringCollege,Rajahmundry
 Realloc()Function

Realloc()Function
Exp.No:

Date:

1. Aim:

ImplementaCprogramforrealloc()function.

2. SoftwareRequired:

TURBOC

3. Program:

#include <stdio.h>

#include<stdlib.h>

int main()

intn=4,i,*p,s=0;

p=(int*)calloc(n,sizeof(int)); if(p

== NULL)

printf("Error!memorynotallocated.");

exit(0);

printf("Enterelementsofarray:"); for(i

= 0; i< n; ++i)

scanf("%d",p+i); s

+= *(p + i);

DeptofIT,GIETEngineeringCollege,Rajahmundry
 Realloc()Function

printf("Sum: %d",s);

p = (int*) realloc(p, 6);

printf("Enterelementsofarray:");

for(i = 0; i< n; ++i)

scanf("%d",p+i); s

+= *(p + i);

printf("Sum:%d",s);

return 0;

4. SampleInputandOutput:

Enterelements ofarray:2354

Sum:14

Enterelements ofarray:234501

Sum:28

5. Result:

SuccessfullyExecuted.

6. Reference:

https://www.tutorialspoint.com/use-of-realloc-in-c

DeptofIT,GIETEngineeringCollege,Rajahmundry
 SinglyLinkedList

SinglyLinkedList
Exp.No:

Date:

1. Aim:

Implement aCprogramtoCreateanddisplayasinglylinkedlistusingself-referentialstructure.

2. SoftwareRequired:

TURBOC

3. Program:

#include <stdio.h>

#include<stdlib.h>

struct node

intdata;

structnode *next;

};

int main()

struct node *head = NULL;

structnode*second=NULL;

struct node *third = NULL;

head = (struct node*)malloc(sizeof(struct node));

second = (struct node*)malloc(sizeof(struct node));

third = (struct node*)malloc(sizeof(struct node));

head->data = 1;

second->data = 2;
 SinglyLinkedList

third->data=3;

head->next=second;

second->next=third;

third->next=NULL;

structnode*current=head;

while (current != NULL)

printf("%d",current->data);

current = current->next;

return0;

4. SampleInputandOutput:

123

5. Result:

SuccessfullyExecuted.

6. Reference:

https://www.prepbytes.com/blog/c-programming/self-referential-structure-in-c/
 Differencesbetweenstructuresandunions

Differencesbetweenstructuresandunions
Exp.No:

Date:

1. Aim:

Demonstratethedifferencesbetweenstructuresandunionsusing aC program.

2. SoftwareRequired:

TURBOC

3. Program:

#include<stdio.h>

struct Person

charname[50];

int age;

};

unionData{

intintegerData;

floatfloatData;

};

int main()

struct Person person1;

strcpy(person1.name,"John");

person1.age = 25;

union Data data1;

data1.integerData=42;

DeptofIT,GIETEngineeringCollege,Rajahmundry
 Differencesbetweenstructuresandunions

printf("Structure - Person:\n");

printf("Name:%s\n",person1.name);

printf("Age: %d\n", person1.age);

printf("\n");

printf("Union-Data:\n");

printf("IntegerData:%d\n",data1.integerData);

data1.floatData = 3.14;

printf("FloatData:%f\n",data1.floatData);

return 0;

4. SampleInputandOutput:

Structure-Person:

Name: John

Age: 25

Union-Data:

Integer Data:42

FloatData: 3.140000

5. Result:

SuccessfullyExecuted.

6. Reference:

https://www.vtuloop.com/program-13-c-programming-lab/

DeptofIT,GIETEngineeringCollege,Rajahmundry
 Shift/Rotateusingbitfields

Shift/Rotateusingbitfields
Exp.No:

Date:

1. Aim:

ImplementaCprogramtoshift/rotateusingbitfields.

2. SoftwareRequired:

TURBOC

3. Program:

#include <stdio.h>

structBitfieldRotation

unsignedintdata:4;

};

voidleftRotate(structBitfieldRotation*bf)

bf->data= ((bf->data << 1)|(bf->data >> 3))&0x0F;

voidrightRotate(structBitfieldRotation*bf)

bf->data= ((bf->data >> 1)|(bf->data << 3))&0x0F;

voiddisplayBitfield(structBitfieldRotationbf)

printf("BitfieldData:%X\n", bf.data);

DeptofIT,GIETEngineeringCollege,Rajahmundry
 Shift/Rotateusingbitfields

int main()

struct BitfieldRotation bitfield;

bitfield.data = 0xC;

printf("Original Bitfield:\n");

displayBitfield(bitfield);

leftRotate(&bitfield); printf("\

nAfter Left Rotation:\n");

displayBitfield(bitfield);

rightRotate(&bitfield); printf("\

nAfterRightRotation:\n");

displayBitfield(bitfield);

return0;

4. SampleInputandOutput:

OriginalBitfield:

Bitfield Data: C

AfterLeftRotation:

Bitfield Data:

9AfterRightRotation

BitfieldData:C

5. Result:

SuccessfullyExecuted.

6. Reference:

DeptofIT,GIETEngineeringCollege,Rajahmundry
 Shift/Rotateusingbitfields

https://www.vtuloop.com/program-13-c-programming-lab/

DeptofIT,GIETEngineeringCollege,Rajahmundry
 Copy onestructurevariabletoanotherstructureofthesametype

Copyonestructurevariabletoanotherstructureofthesametype
Exp.No:

Date:

1. Aim:

ImplementaCprogramtocopyonestructurevariableto another structureofthesametype.

2. SoftwareRequired:

TURBOC

3. Program:

#include<stdio.h>

struct Student

charname[50];

int age;

floatmarks;

};

voidcopyStruct(structStudent*dest,conststructStudent*src)

strcpy(dest->name,src->name);

dest->age = src->age;

dest->marks=src->marks;

voiddisplayStudent(conststructStudent*student)

printf("Name:%s\n",student->name);

printf("Age: %d\n", student->age);

DeptofIT,GIETEngineeringCollege,Rajahmundry
 Copy onestructurevariabletoanotherstructureofthesametype

printf("Marks:%.2f\n",student->marks);

int main()

structStudentstudent1={"JohnDoe",20,85.5}; struct

Student student2;

copyStruct(&student2,&student1);

printf("Original Student:\n");

displayStudent(&student1);

printf("\nCopied Student:\n");

displayStudent(&student2);

return0;}

4. SampleInputandOutput:

OriginalStudent:

Name:JohnDoe

Age: 20

Marks: 85.50

CopiedStudent:

Name:JohnDoe

Age: 20

Marks:85.50

5. Result:

SuccessfullyExecuted.

6. Reference:

https://www.vtuloop.com/program-13-c-programming-lab/

DeptofIT,GIETEngineeringCollege,Rajahmundry
 NCR valueusingFunction

NCRvalueusingFunction
Exp.No:

Date:

1. Aim:

Implement aCprogramtocalculateNCRvalue using Functions.

2. SoftwareRequired:

TURBOC

3. Program:

#include<stdio.h>

int fact(int z);

voidmain()

intn,r,ncr;

printf("\nEnterthevalueforNandR\n"); scanf("%d%d",

&n, &r);

ncr = fact(n) / (fact(r) * fact(n - r));

printf("\nThevalueofncris:%d",ncr);

intfact(intz)

intf=1,i;

if(z== 0)

return(f);

}
 NCR valueusingFunction

else

for(i= 1;i<= z;i++)

f=f*i;

return(f);

4. SampleInputandOutput:

EnterthevalueforNandR 5 2

Thevalueofncris:10

5. Result:

SuccessfullyExecuted.

6. Reference:

https://www.sanfoundry.com/c-program-ncr/
 Find thelengthofa string

Findthelengthofastring
Exp.No:

Date:

1. Aim:

ImplementaCprogramtofindthelengthofastringusingFunctions.

2. SoftwareRequired:

TURBOC

3. Program:

#include<stdio.h>

#include<string.h>in

t main(){

char str[100]; int len;

printf("\nEntertheString:");

scanf("%s",str);

len= strlen(str);

printf("\nLengthofthegivenstringis%d", len);

return(0);}

4. SampleInputandOutput:

Enter the String :deepthi

Lengthofthegivenstringis7

5. Result:

SuccessfullyExecuted.

6. Reference:

https://www.codingninjas.com/studio/library/c-program-to-count-length-of-string-using-library-
function

DeptofIT,GIETEngineeringCollege,Rajahmundry
 Transposeofa MatrixusingFunction

TransposeofaMatrixusingFunction
Exp.No:

Date:

1. Aim:

ImplementaCprogramtofindTransposeofaMatrixusingFunction.

2. SoftwareRequired:

TURBOC

3. Program:

#include<stdio.h>

#define N 4

voidtranspose(int A[][N],int B[][N])

inti, j;

for(i= 0; i< N;i++)

for(j=0;j<N;j++)

B[i][j]=A[j][i];

int main()

intA[N][N]= { {1,1,1,1},

{2,2,2,2},

{3,3,3,3},

{4,4,4,4}};
intB[N][N],i,j;

transpose(A,B);
 Transposeofa MatrixusingFunction

printf("Resultmatrixis\n"); for

(i = 0; i< N; i++) {

for(j=0;j<N;j++)

printf("%d",B[i][j]);

printf("\n");

return0;

4. SampleInputandOutput:

Resultmatrixis

1234

1234

1234

1234

5. Result:

SuccessfullyExecuted.

6. Reference:

https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/c-transpose-matrix/
 Euler’smethod.

Euler’smethod.

Exp.No:

Date:

1. Aim:

Implement aCprogramto demonstratenumericalintegrationofdifferentialequationsusing Euler’s

method.

2. SoftwareRequired:

TURBOC

3. Program:

#include<stdio.h>

doubleequation(double x,double y)

returnx+y;

voideulerMethod(doublex0,doubley0,doubleh,doublexn)

{ double x = x0, y = y0;

printf("Euler'sMethod:\n");

printf("x\t\t y\n");

while (x <= xn)

{ printf("%.4f\t%.4f\

n",x,y); y = y + h *

equation(x, y);x = x + h;

intmain(){

DeptofIT,GIETEngineeringCollege,Rajahmundry
 Euler’smethod.

doublex0=0.0;

doubley0=1.0;

double h = 0.1;

doublexn=1.0;

eulerMethod(x0,y0,h,xn);

return 0;}

4. SampleInputandOutput:

Euler'sMethod:

x y

0.0000 1.0000

0.1000 1.1000

0.2000 1.2200

0.3000 1.3620

0.4000 1.5282

0.5000 1.7210

0.6000 1.9431

0.7000 2.1974

0.8000 2.4872

0.9000 2.8159

1.0000 3.1875

5. Result:

SuccessfullyExecuted.

6. Reference:

https://www.vtuloop.com/program-13-c-programming-lab/

DeptofIT,GIETEngineeringCollege,Rajahmundry
 FibonacciSeries.

Fibonacciseries
Exp.No:

Date:

1. Aim:

WritearecursivefunctiontogenerateFibonacciseries.

2. SoftwareRequired:

TURBOC

3. Program:

#include

<stdio.h>intfibonacci

(intnum)

if(num==0)

return0;

elseif(num== 1)

return1;

else

returnfibonacci(num- 1)+fibonacci(num- 2);

}
 FibonacciSeries.

int main()
 FibonacciSeries.

intnum;

printf("Enterthenumberofelements tobe intheseries:");

scanf("%d", &num);

inti;

for(i=0;i<num;i++)

printf("%d,", fibonacci(i));

return0;

4. SampleInputandOutput:

Enterthenumberofelementstobe intheseries:10 0, 1,

1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34,

5. Result:

SuccessfullyExecuted.

6. Reference:

https://www.scaler.com/topics/fibonacci-series-in-c-using-recursion/
 LCMoftwonumbers

LCMoftwoNumbers
Exp.No:

Date:

1. Aim:

Writearecursivefunctiontofind thelcmoftwonumbers.

2. SoftwareRequired:

TURBOC

3. Program:

#include<stdio.h>

int lcm(inta,intb)

return(a*b);

intmain(){

intnum1,num2;

printf("Enterthefirstnumber:");

scanf("%d", &num1);

printf("Enterthesecondnumber:");

scanf("%d", &num2);

printf("LCMof%dand%dis:%d\n",num1,num2,lcm(num1,num2)); return

0;

}
 LCMoftwonumbers

4. SampleInputandOutput:

Enterthefirstnumber:53

Enterthesecondnumber: LCMof5and3is: 15

5. Result:

SuccessfullyExecuted.

6. Reference:

https://codeforwin.org/c-programming/c-program-to-find-lcm-of-two-numbers-using-recursion
 Factorialofanumbers

FactorialofaNumber
Exp.No:

Date:

1. Aim:

Writearecursivefunctiontofind thefactorialofanumber.

2. SoftwareRequired:

TURBOC

3. Program:

#include<stdio.h>

unsignedlonglongfactorial(intn)

if(n== 0||n==1)

return1;

else

returnn*factorial(n -1);

int main()

intnum;

printf("Enteranon-negativeinteger:");

scanf("%d", &num);

Dept of cse
 Factorialofanumbers

if(num<0)

printf("Pleaseenteranon-negativeinteger.\n");

else

printf("Factorialof%dis:%llu\n",num,factorial(num));

return0;

4. SampleInputandOutput:

Enteranon-negativeinteger:5

Factorial of 5 is: 120

5. Result:

SuccessfullyExecuted.

6. Reference:

https://www.programiz.com/c-programming/examples/factorial-recursion

Dept of cse
 Ackermannfunctionusingrecursion

Ackermannfunctionusingrecursion
Exp.No:

Date:

1. Aim:

WriteaCProgramtoimplementAckermannfunctionusingrecursion.

2. SoftwareRequired:

TURBOC

3. Program:

#include<stdio.h>

intA(intm,intn);

main()

intm,n;

printf("Enter two numbers :: \n");

scanf("%d%d",&m,&n); printf("\

nOUTPUT::%d\n",A(m,n));

intA(intm,intn)

if(m==0)

returnn+1;

else if(n==0)

returnA(m-1,1);

else

returnA(m-1,A(m,n-1));
 Ackermannfunctionusingrecursion

4. SampleInputandOutput:

Entertwonumbers::

13

OUTPUT :: 5

5. Result:

SuccessfullyExecuted.

6. Reference:

https://www.codezclub.com/c-implement-ackermann-function/
 SumofSeriesusingRecursiveFunction

SumofSeriesusingRecursiveFunction
Exp.No:

Date:

1. Aim:

Writearecursivefunctionto find thesumofseries.

2. SoftwareRequired:

TURBOC

3. Program:

#include <stdio.h>

doubleseriesSum(intn)

if(n== 0)

return0;

else

return1.0/ n+ seriesSum(n -1);

int main()

intterms;

printf("Enterthenumberoftermsinthe series:");

scanf("%d", &terms);

DeptofIT,GIETEngineeringCollege,Rajahmundry
 SumofSeriesusingRecursiveFunction

if(terms<0)

printf("Pleaseenter anon-negativeintegerforthenumberofterms.\n");

else

printf("Sumoftheseries:%lf\n",seriesSum(terms));

return0;

4. SampleInputandOutput:

Enterthenumberoftermsintheseries:5 Sum

of the series: 2.283333

5. Result:

SuccessfullyExecuted.

6. Reference:

https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/c-program-to-find-sum-of-natural-numbers-using-recursion/

DeptofIT,GIETEngineeringCollege,Rajahmundry
 Swappingoftwonumbersusingcallbyreference

Swappingoftwonumbersusingcallbyreference
Exp.No:

Date:

1. Aim:

WriteaCprogramto swaptwonumbersusing callbyreference.

2. SoftwareRequired:

TURBOC

3. Program:

#include<stdio.h>

swap(int *,int *);

int main()

inta,b;

printf("\nEnter value of a & b: ");

scanf("%d %d", &a, &b); printf("\

nBefore Swapping:\n"); printf("\na=

%d\n\nb=%d\n",a,b); swap(&a, &b);

printf("\nAfter Swapping:\n");

printf("\na=%d\n\nb=%d",a,b);

return0;

swap(int*x,int*y)

inttemp;
 Swappingoftwonumbersusingcallbyreference

temp=*x;

*x=*y;

*y=temp;

4. SampleInputandOutput:

Entervalueofa&b:3049

Before Swapping:

a=30

b=49

After Swapping:

a=49

b=30

5. Result:

SuccessfullyExecuted.

6. Reference:

https://www.programming9.com/programs/c-programs/194-swapping-of-two-numbers-using-
call-by-reference-in-c-functions
 Danglingpointerproblem

Danglingpointerproblem
Exp.No:

Date:

1. Aim:

DemonstrateDanglingpointerproblemusingaCprogram.

2. SoftwareRequired:

TURBOC

3. Program:

#include <stdio.h>

#include<stdlib.h>

int*createIntArray(intsize)

int*arr=(int*)malloc(size*sizeof(int));

return arr;

int main()

int*arr=createIntArray(5);

for (int i = 0; i< 5; i++)

arr[i]=i+1;

printf("Valuesusingvalidpointer:\n");

for (int i = 0; i< 5; i++)

{
 Danglingpointerproblem

printf("%d", arr[i]);

printf("\n");

free(arr);

printf("Valuesusingdanglingpointer:\n"); for

(int i = 0; i< 5; i++)

printf("%d", arr[i]);

printf("\n");

return 0;

4. SampleInputandOutput:

Valuesusingvalid pointer:

12345

Valuesusingdangling pointer:

003539355205

5. Result:

SuccessfullyExecuted.

6. Reference:

https://www.prepbytes.com/blog/c-programming/dangling-pointer-in-c/
 Copy onestringintoanother

Copyonestringintoanother
Exp.No:

Date:

1. Aim:

Implement aCprogramtocopyonestringintoanotherusing pointer.

2. SoftwareRequired:

TURBOC

3. Program:

#include<stdio.h>

voidcopy_string(char*,char*);

main()

charsource[100],target[100];

printf("Enter source string\n");

gets(source);

copy_string(target,source);

printf("Targetstringis\"%s\"\n",target);

return 0;

voidcopy_string(char*target,char *source)

while(*source)

*target=*source;

source++;
 Copy onestringintoanother

target++;

*target='\0';

4. SampleInputandOutput:

Entersourcestring

saideepthi

Targetstringis"saideepthi"

5. Result:

SuccessfullyExecuted.

6. Reference:

https://www.w3schools.in/c-programming/examples/copy-string-using-pointers
 NoofLowercase,Uppercase,Digitsandothercharactersusingpointers

NoofLowercase,Uppercase,Digitsandothercharactersusing
pointers
Exp.No:

Date:

1. Aim:

Implement aCprogramto findnooflowercase,uppercase,digitsandothercharactersusing pointers.

2. SoftwareRequired:

TURBOC

3. Program:

#include <stdio.h>

#include<stdlib.h>

int main()

charstr[100];

int i;

intupper=0,lower=0,num=0,special=0;;

printf("Please enter the string \n");

gets(str);

for(i=0;str[i] !='\0';i++)

if(str[i]>='A'&&str[i]<='Z')

upper++;

}
 NoofLowercase,Uppercase,Digitsandothercharactersusingpointers

elseif(str[i]>='a'&&str[i]<='z')

lower++;

elseif(str[i]>='1'&&str[i]<='9')

num++;

else

special++;

printf("\nUpper case letters: %d",upper);

printf("\nLower case letters: %d",lower);

printf("\nNumbers: %d",num); printf("\

nSpecialcharacters:%d",special); getch();

}
 NoofLowercase,Uppercase,Digitsandothercharactersusingpointers

4. SampleInputandOutput:

Pleaseenterthestring

Sai Deepthi @1

Upper case letters: 2

Lower case letters: 8

Numbers: 1

Specialcharacters:3

5. Result:

SuccessfullyExecuted.

6. Reference:

https://code4coding.com/program-to-count-uppercase-lowercasespecial-character-and-numeric-
values-in-c/
 WriteandReadTextintoafile

WriteandReadTextintoa file
Exp.No:

Date:

1. Aim:

WriteaCprogramto write and readtextinto a file.

2. SoftwareRequired:

TURBOC

3. Program:

#include <stdio.h>

#include<stdlib.h>

int main()

FILE*file;

file=fopen("example.txt","w");

if (file == NULL)

printf("Couldnotopenthefileforwriting.\n");

return 1;

fprintf(file, "Hello, this is a sample text.\n");

fprintf(file,"WritingtoafileinCiseasy!\n");

fclose(file);

file=fopen("example.txt","r"); if

(file == NULL)

{
 WriteandReadTextintoafile

printf("Couldnotopenthefileforreading.\n"); return

1;

charch;

printf("Content of the file:\n");

while((ch=fgetc(file))!=EOF)

putchar(ch);

fclose(file);

return 0;

4. SampleInputandOutput:

Content ofthefile:

Hello, this is a sample text.

WritingtoafileinCiseasy!

5. Result:

SuccessfullyExecuted.

6. Reference:

https://www.vtuloop.com/program-13-c-programming-lab/
 writeandreadtextintoabinaryfileusingfread()andfwrite()

writeandreadtextintoabinaryfileusingfread()andfwrite()
Exp.No:

Date:

1. Aim:

ImplementaCprogramtowriteandreadtextintoabinaryfileusingfread()andfwrite().

2. SoftwareRequired:

TURBOC

3. Program:

#include <stdio.h>

#include<stdlib.h>

struct Person

charname[50];

int age;

};

int main()

FILE*file;

file=fopen("example.bin","wb");

if (file == NULL)

printf("Couldnotopenthefileforwriting.\n");

return 1;

structPersonperson1={"deepu", 25};
 writeandreadtextintoabinaryfileusingfread()andfwrite()

struct Person person2 = {"divitha", 05};

fwrite(&person1,sizeof(structPerson),1,file);

fwrite(&person2,sizeof(structPerson),1,file); fclose(file);

file=fopen("example.bin","rb"); if

(file == NULL)

printf("Couldnotopenthefileforreading.\n"); return

1;

struct Person readPerson1, readPerson2;

fread(&readPerson1,sizeof(structPerson),1,file);

fread(&readPerson2,sizeof(structPerson),1,file);

printf("Data read from the file:\n");

printf("Person1:Name=%s,Age=%d\n",readPerson1.name,readPerson1.age);

printf("Person2:Name=%s,Age=%d\n",readPerson2.name,readPerson2.age);

fclose(file);

return0;

}
 writeandreadtextintoabinaryfileusingfread()andfwrite()

4. SampleInputandOutput:

Data readfromthefile:

Person1:Name=deepu,Age=25

Person2:Name=divitha,Age=5

5. Result:

SuccessfullyExecuted.

6. Reference:

https://www.vtuloop.com/program-13-c-programming-lab/
 Copythecontentsofonefiletoanotherfile.
Exp.No:

Date:

1. Aim:

Copythe contentsofonefile toanotherfile.

2. SoftwareRequired:

TURBOC

3. Program:

#include <stdio.h>

#include<stdlib.h>

int main()

FILE*sourceFile,*destinationFile;

sourceFile=fopen("source.txt","r");

if (sourceFile == NULL)

printf("Couldnotopenthesourcefileforreading.\n"); return 1;

destinationFile=fopen("destination.txt","w"); if

(destinationFile == NULL)

printf("Couldnotopenthedestinationfileforwriting.\n"); fclose(sourceFile);

return1;
}

charch;

while((ch=fgetc(sourceFile))!=EOF)

fputc(ch,destinationFile);

fclose(sourceFile);

fclose(destinationFile);

printf("Filecontentscopiedsuccessfully.\n"); return

0;

4. SampleInputandOutput:

Couldnotopenthesourcefilefor reading.

5. Result:

SuccessfullyExecuted.

6. Reference:

https://www.vtuloop.com/program-13-c-programming-lab/
 Mergetwofilesintothethirdfileusingcommand-linearguments

Mergetwofilesintothethirdfileusingcommand-linearguments
Exp.No:

Date:

1. Aim:

WriteaCprogramtomergetwofilesintothethirdfileusingcommand-linearguments.

2. SoftwareRequired:

TURBOC

3. Program:

#include <stdio.h>

#include<stdlib.h>

intmain(intargc,char*argv[]){ if

(argc != 4) {

printf("Usage:%s<inputFile1><inputFile2><outputFile>\n",argv[0]);

return 1;

FILE*inputFile1,*inputFile2,*outputFile;

inputFile1 = fopen(argv[1], "r");

if(inputFile1==NULL) {

printf("Couldnotopenthefirstinputfile forreading.\n");

return 1; // Return an error code

inputFile2=fopen(argv[2],"r"); if

(inputFile2 == NULL) {

printf("Couldnotopenthesecondinputfileforreading.\n"); fclose(inputFile1);
 Mergetwofilesintothethirdfileusingcommand-linearguments

return1;//Returnanerrorcode

outputFile=fopen(argv[3],"w"); if

(outputFile == NULL) {

printf("Couldnotopentheoutputfileforwriting.\n");

fclose(inputFile1);

fclose(inputFile2);

return1;//Returnanerrorcode

charch;

while((ch=fgetc(inputFile1))!=EOF)

{ fputc(ch, outputFile);

while((ch=fgetc(inputFile2))!=EOF)

{ fputc(ch, outputFile);}

fclose(inputFile1);

fclose(inputFile2);

fclose(outputFile);

printf("Filesmergedsuccessfully.\n");

return 0; }

4. SampleInputandOutput:

Filesmergedsuccessfully

5. Result:

SuccessfullyExecuted.

6. Reference:https://www.vtuloop.com/program-13-c-programming-lab/
 Findno.oflines, wordsandcharactersina file

Findno.oflines,wordsandcharactersinafile
Exp.No:

Date:

1. Aim:

Findno.oflines,wordsand charactersinafile

2. SoftwareRequired:

TURBOC

3. Program:

#include<stdio.h>

voidcountLinesWordsCharacters(FILE*file,int*lines,int*words,int *characters)

intch;

intinWord=0;

*lines=*words=*characters=0; while

((ch = fgetc(file)) != EOF)

(*characters)++; if

(ch == '\n')

(*lines)++;

if(ch==''||ch=='\t'||ch== '\n') { inWord =

0; // Not inside a word

} else if (inWord == 0)

{ inWord=1;//Insideaword

Dept of CSE
 Findno.oflines, wordsandcharactersina file

(*words)++;

intmain()

{ FILE*fil

e;

charfileName[50];

printf("Enterthenameofthefile:");

scanf("%s", fileName);

file=fopen(fileName,"r"); if

(file == NULL) {

printf("Couldnotopenthefileforreading.\n"); return

1; // Return an error code

intlines,words,characters;

countLinesWordsCharacters(file,&lines,&words,&characters); fclose(file);

printf("Number of lines: %d\n", lines);

printf("Number of words: %d\n", words);

printf("Numberofcharacters:%d\n",characters); return

0;

4. SampleInputandOutput:

Dept of CSE
 Findno.oflines, wordsandcharactersina file

Enter the name of the file: sai

Couldnotopenthefileforreading.

5. Result:

SuccessfullyExecuted.

6. Reference:

https://www.vtuloop.com/program-13-c-programming-lab/

Dept of CSE
 Printlastn charactersofagivenfile

Printlastncharactersofagivenfile
Exp.No:

Date:

1. Aim:

WriteaCprogramto printlastncharactersofagivenfile.

2. SoftwareRequired:

TURBOC

3. Program:

#include <stdio.h>

#include<stdlib.h>

voidprintLastNCharacters(FILE*file,intn)

fseek(file,0,SEEK_END);

long fileSize = ftell(file);

longstartPosition=fileSize-n; if

(startPosition< 0)

startPosition=0;

fseek(file,startPosition,SEEK_SET);

int ch;

while((ch=fgetc(file)) !=EOF)

putchar(ch);

Deptof CSE
 Printlastn charactersofagivenfile

int main()

FILE*file;

charfileName[50];

int n;

printf("Enterthenameofthefile:");

scanf("%s", fileName);

file=fopen(fileName,"r");

if (file == NULL)

printf("Couldnotopenthefileforreading.\n"); return

1;

printf("Enterthevalueof'n':"); scanf("%d",

&n);

printf("Last%dcharactersofthefile:\n",n);

printLastNCharacters(file, n);

fclose(file);

return 0;

Deptof CSE
 Printlastn charactersofagivenfile

4. SampleInputandOutput:

Enter the name of the file: deepthi

Couldnotopenthefileforreading.

5. Result:

SuccessfullyExecuted.

6. Reference:

https://www.vtuloop.com/program-13-c-programming-lab/

Deptof CSE