ROBO – MOBILE

TOPIC Sub-Topic Duration

1.1 Introduction to Robotics Robotics and its application 1 &1/2 hours

Basic Electronics

Power Supply

1.2 Microcontroller Programming C programming 1 & 1/2 hours

What is Microcontrollers

Why AVR?

Atmega16 and its features

Input-Output Interfacing

1.3 Practical Session – 1 Software for programming 5 hours

Programmer (Parallel, USB)

Interfacing ATK200 & Prog1.2

LED Blinking

Virtual Oscilloscope to test

Generating different patterns

2.1 DTMF Decoder What is DTMF 2 hours

How it gets generated

How to decode

How to connect mobile phone

Circuit for DTMF

Functioning of the circuit

2.2 Motors and its driver DC Geared Motor 2 hours

Stepper Motor
 Servo Concept

Motor Driver IC

Pulse Width Modulation

2.3 Practical Session – 2 Interfacing of DTMF 4 hours

Interfacing of Motor Driver

Mobile Controlled Robot

The concepts that will be covered in this two days workshop are:-

 Anatomy of autonomous robots

 Microcontrollers
 Power supplies
 Actuators
 Motor Driver
 Sensors
 DTMF
 Programming

ANATOMY OF AUTONOMOUS ROBOTS:

 Introduction to Autonomous
 Different Types of robots (Beam, Amphibiotic, Swarm, etc.)
 Elements of an Autonomous Robot

This session will introduce the participants to the world of autonomous robotics. Participants
will be introduced to the basic elements of an autonomous machine like Microcontroller,
actuators, feedback and sensors etc.

MICROCONTROLLERS:

 Overview of available microcontrollers

 AVR core
 Atmel AtMega16 microcontroller
This exhaustive session will include the study of different microcontroller available, especially
the AVR core and its derivative. AtMega 16 features and capabilities( like I/O, ADC operations)
will be studied in depth.

POWER SUPPLY:

 Different type of batteries

 Voltage regulator
 Charging circuit

Different kind of batteries with their pros and cons will be studied in detail. Charging
mechanisms employed with respective circuit diagram will also be explained. With all these this
session will also carried out with voltage regulator circuit designing for different type of circuits.

ACTUATORS:

 Geared DC motors
 RC servo Motors
 Stepper motors

Details of various types of actuators will be studied. Especially attention will be imparted to DC
motors. Other unconventional modes of actuation like pneumatics and artificial muscles will be
discussed in brief. Hands on session will include controlled driving of DC motors in different
drive configurations.

MOTOR DRIVER:

 Electromechanical driver: relays

 Solid state driver: H-bridge, IC drivers

Principle of motor drivers including electro-mechanical and solid-state drivers will be covered.
Concepts of fly-back diodes, snubbers and other different strategies to reduce interference will
also be taught.

SENSORS:

 Light: IR LEDs, LDRs, IR Photodiodes and phototransistors

 Heat: Thermistors
 Sound: Ultra-Sonics
 Mechanical touch sensors

Capability of any autonomous robots is directly limited by the number of sensory inputs.
Different types of sensors and their application will be studied in this session.
DTMF

 What is DTMF
 How does it works

In this session we will cover the concept behind DTMF, different frequencies used in DTMF and
its application. We will also cover the circuit designing of MT8870 to convert DTMF signal to
binary signal. In the hands-on session we will interface the DTMF circuit with microcontroller.

PROGRAMMING:

 Embedded C programming
 Working on AVR Studio
 AVR DUDE

An introduction to embedded C programming concept will be given. Hands-on session will

include study and execution of different programs. Step by step process of coding in AVR
Studio, for our particular microcontroller, shall be explained. A due attention shall be given to
good programming practice.

This session will be also carry building different algorithm for different specific problem
statement and their solution.

The Kit:

The kit is flexible enough to be modified for different applications such as line following robot,
wall following robot, obstacle avoiding robot etc. Using creativity and imagination, the Kit is self
sufficient to make any dream autonomous machine.

1. AVR TRAINNER BOARD

Key features:

 AVR development board for Atmega16/ 32 microcontroller

 On Board power supply socket
 5X2 FRC socket Supported compatible with STK 500 kit
 32 Programmable IO pins
 In built ground and 5V in all headers
 On board power LED
 8 LED indicator for port pin logic state
 On board AVR-ISP Connector
 Reset Button
 External 12MHz clock oscillator
 On board 16X2 alphanumeric LCD Connector
 Buzzer for further implementation
  Easy interfacing with all ABLab Accessories

Technical specifications:

Power Supply: 7~24 Volt AC

9~32 volt DC
Over USB Programmer: 5V DC
Power Consumption:
Size: 10.6X7 sq. Cm.

2. AVR USB PROGRAMMER

Key features:

1. Compatible with AVR Trainer Board

2. AVR USB Programmer with high speed USB 2.0
3. Compatible with AVRDUDE
4. USB Interface to PC for Programming
5. Programming status indicator LED red and green
6. Programs Flash and EEPROM
7. Supports Fuses and Lock Bit Programming
8. Takes Power from PC. No need for Additional Power Supply
9. Operates at Target Voltages from 3.3V to 5.5V
10. OS supported Windows (XP, Vista, Windows 7) , Mac OS, Linux(32 bit only)

Supported Microcontrollers
AT89S8252 AT90S2343 ATMEGA168 ATMEGA649
ATTiny12 AT90S1200 ATMEGA169 ATMEGA6490
ATTiny13 AT90S8515 ATMEGA169P ATMEGA128
ATTiny15 AT90S8535 ATMEGA32 ATMEGA1280
ATTiny24 ATMEGA48 ATMEGA324 ATMEGA1281
ATTiny25 ATMEGA8 ATMEGA325 ATMEGA2560
ATTiny26 ATMEGA88 ATMEGA3250 ATMEGA2561
ATTiny2313 ATMEGA8515 ATMEGA329 AT90CAN32
ATTiny44 ATMEGA8535 ATMEGA3290 AT90CAN64
ATTiny45 ATMEGA16 ATMEGA64 AT90CAN128
ATTiny84 ATMEGA162 ATMEGA640 AT90PWM2
ATTiny85 ATMEGA163 ATMEGA644 AT90PWM3
AT90S2313 ATMEGA164 ATMEGA645 AT90S2323
ATMEGA165 ATMEGA6450

Technical specifications:
Power Supply: Over USB from PC 5V DC
Size: 6.9 X 3.47 sq. Cm.

3.Motor driver - L293D

Key features:

1. Compatible with ATK-200

2. Easy interfacing through FRC Connectors
3. External Power supply for Motors supported
4. On board PWM selection switch
5. On board H-Bridge base Motor Driver IC(L293D)

Technical specification:

Power Supply: Over FRC Connector from ATK 5V DC

External Power 12~40V DC
Current: 1 Ampere Max.
Size: 4 X 3.7 cm

4.DTMF Board:
Key features:

1. Compatible with ATB

2. Easy interfacing through FRC Connectors
3. On board LEDs to debug DTMF value
4. Pull up resisters in output to get better signal strength

Technical specification:

Power Supply: Over FRC Connector from ATK 5V DC

Current: 200 miliampere Max.

Size: 4.5 X 4 cm
 1. Body of Robot:
 Fiber body
 2 DC geared motors.
 Two Gripped wheels (7 cm diameter)
 Two castor wheel for stability

2. Power Source:
 2 X 3.6V rechargeable Li-ion battery pack.
 DC power supply with built-in Li-ion battery charger.

Miscellaneous:

 Screw Driver
 LDR sensor-5