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Savitribai Phule Pune University
2019 Pattern
( As Per New Revised Syllabus )
ScoreBooster
Microcontroller For
Semester - V
Electronics & Tele. Engineering
-: Syllabus Topic :-
:-
Unit I Introduction to Microcontroller Architecture
Syllabus Topics :
Difference between microprocessor and microcontroller Introduction to the
Microcontroller classification, Feature and block diagram of 8051 and explanation,
Program Status Word (PSW), 8051. Overview of Instruction set, memory organization,
Interrupt structure, timers and its modes, Serial communication: concept of baud rate,
Data transmission and reception using Serial port. Sample programs of data transfer,
Delay using Timer (0&1) and interrupt, Data transmission and reception using Serial port.
I/O Port Programming, All programs in C language
Unit II IO Port Interfacing-I
Syllabus Topics :
Pin diagram and its functioning Port structure, IO Interfacing Requirements, Interfacing
of: LEDS, Keys, 7- segment multiplexed display, DAC 0808, ADC 0809 Stepper motor,
Relay, Buzzer, Opto-isolators, \ Design of Data acquisition System (DAS): All programs
in C language
-: Imp, Expected & Pyq’s Question :-
:-
Unit I Introduction to Microcontroller Architecture
Imp, Expected & Pyq’s Question :
1. Compare Microprocessor and Microcontroller. [5]
2. What are different types of microcontrollers based on architecture and
applications? [5]
3. State salient features of 8051 microcontroller. [5]
4. Draw and explain PSW register of 8051. [5]
5. Draw and explain block diagram of 8051 microcontroller. [5]
6. Draw and explain internal memory organization of 8051. [5]
7. Explain internal memory organization of 8051. [5]
8. Explain different types of instructions available in 8051 with suitable examples. [5]
9. Explain the interrupt structure of 8051 with vector address. [5]
10. Explain the functional diagram of Timer in 8051. [5]
11. Enlist various modes of operation of Timer & Explain in details. [5]
12. Calculate hexadecimal count to generate delay of 50 msec using Timer 1, mode 1,
use clock frequency = 11.0592MHz. [5]
13. Explain TMOD register in detail. [5]
14. What are the different modes of operation of serial communication in 8051? Explain
SMOD registers. [5]
15. Write an embedded C program to transmit character ‘D’ Serially at baud rate of
4800. [5]
16. Define baud rate. Explain its importance in serial communication. [5]
17. Explain data transmission and reception in 8051 using serial port. [5]
18. Write an embedded C program for toggling bits of Port 1 in 8051. [5]
19. Compare RISC and CISC processor. [5]
Unit II IO Port Interfacing-I
Imp, Expected & Pyq’s Question :
1. Draw and explain pin diagram of 8051 microcontroller. [5]
2. Explain the port structure of 8051 microcontroller with suitable diagrams. [5]
3. What are the basic I/O interfacing requirements in embedded systems? Explain
with examples. [5]
4. Write a C program to flash 8 LEDs connected to PORT2 of 8051 microcontroller
with timer delay program. [8]
5. Write embedded C program to display HEX counter on LED connected to port 0. [7]
6. Explain LED interfacing with 8051 using embedded C and draw its diagram. [5]
7. Explain how to interface a push button key with 8051 microcontroller and write a C
program to detect key press. [5]
8. Interface 8051 with 7 segment display and write a C program to show counting from
0 to 9 on to it. [7]
9. Draw an interfacing diagram of DAC and write embedded C program to generate a
triangular wave continuously. [8]
10. Draw an interacting diagram of DAC with 8051 and write an embedded C program
for generation of Triangular having frequency of 50Hz. [5]
11. Describe interfacing of ADC 0808/0809 to 8051 microcontroller with necessary
diagram. [8]
12. Draw an interfacing diagram of stepper motor and write embedded C program to
rotate it clockwise continuously. [8]
13. Write an embedded C program to rotate the stepper motor in clockwise direction
continuously with highest delay generated using timer 0 mode1. [5]
14. Draw an interfacing diagram to glow the lamp connected to Relay at Port pin P1.1 and
write embedded C program to make it ON and OFF. [7]
15. Explain buzzer interfacing with 8051 and write embedded C to turn it ON/OFF. [5]
16. Draw an interfacing of Opto-isolator with 8051 and write an embedded C program
to flash the bulb connected to its output. [5]
17. Write a C program to send message ‘ISRO’ to COM port of PC at 9600 baud rates.
Assume XTAL frequency=11.0592 MHz. [7]
18. Design a DAS for the security purpose which include control of actions through Key,
status indication by LED connected to relay and opening of door stepper motor.
Make provision of buzzer to beep. [5]
19. Write an embedded C program to read key press and display number on 7-segment
display. [5]
Unit 1 : Introduction to Microcontroller Architecture
(Microprocessor vs Microcontroller)
Pyq Question:
Compare Microprocessor and Microcontroller. [5]
Introduction:
A microprocessor and microcontroller are both semiconductor ICs used for
computation, but they differ in architecture and application.
Understanding the difference between them is essential for embedded system
design and computer architecture concepts.
Definition:
Microprocessor: A microprocessor is an integrated circuit that contains only the
CPU and depends on external components for memory and input/output operations.
Microcontroller: A microcontroller is a compact IC that includes a CPU along with
memory, I/O ports, timers, and other peripherals on a single chip.
Architecture:
Microprocessor is CPU-centric and focuses on high-speed processing and
computation, usually requiring external RAM and ROM.
Microcontroller is device-centric and optimized for control applications with built-
in RAM, ROM, and I/O ports.
Memory and I/O Support:
Microprocessors do not have built-in memory or input/output ports, making the
circuit design more complex and bulky.
Microcontrollers come with embedded memory and I/O interfaces, simplifying the
design and reducing overall system cost.
Application:
Microprocessors are mainly used in computers, laptops, and high-end processing
systems that require intensive computation.
Microcontrollers are used in embedded systems like washing machines, microwave
ovens, and automotive systems where control functions are needed.
Cost and Power Consumption:
Microprocessors are expensive and consume more power as they need many external
components to function.
Microcontrollers are cost-effective and consume less power due to integration,
making them ideal for battery-powered devices.
Execution Speed and Performance:
Microprocessors offer high processing speed and are suited for multitasking and
performance-intensive applications.
Microcontrollers are slower in comparison but optimized for real-time control tasks
with deterministic response.
System Complexity:
Using microprocessors increases system complexity due to the need for external
interfaces and memory management units.
Microcontrollers reduce complexity as they integrate most components on a single
chip.
Instruction Set:
Microprocessors may use complex instruction sets like CISC or RISC depending on
the type (e.g., Intel Pentium, AMD Ryzen).
Microcontrollers often use RISC instruction sets for simplicity and efficiency (e.g.,
ARM Cortex-M, AVR).
Table Showing Difference:
Feature Microprocessor Microcontroller
Basic Definition CPU on a single chip CPU + Memory + I/O on one chip
System Design Requires external Fewer external components
components required
Power Consumption High Low
Cost High Low
Application Area General computing Embedded control systems
Speed and High Moderate
Performance
(Classification of Microcontrollers)
Pyq Question:
What are different types of microcontrollers based on architecture and
applications? [5]
Introduction:
Microcontrollers are compact integrated circuits used to control devices and
systems in embedded applications.
They are classified into various types depending on their internal architecture and
practical application domains.
Definition:
Microcontroller: A microcontroller is an integrated chip that includes a CPU,
memory (RAM and ROM), input/output ports, and other peripherals within a single
package.
Classification helps in selecting a suitable microcontroller for a specific embedded
system requirement.
Classification Based on Architecture:
Harvard Architecture: This type of microcontroller has separate memory spaces
for program and data, allowing simultaneous access, which increases processing
speed.
Von Neumann Architecture: This architecture uses a single memory for both
program and data. It is simpler but slower compared to Harvard architecture.
RISC (Reduced Instruction Set Computer): These microcontrollers have a small set
of simple instructions, offering faster execution and easier pipeline implementation.
CISC (Complex Instruction Set Computer): CISC-based microcontrollers use a rich
instruction set that performs multiple operations in a single instruction but
generally require more clock cycles.
Classification Based on Applications:
General Purpose Microcontrollers: These are used for generic tasks in embedded
systems such as controlling motors, LEDs, and sensors in daily-use electronic
devices.
Application-Specific Microcontrollers: These are designed for a specific application
such as automotive control, medical devices, or industrial automation systems.
Embedded Microcontrollers: These are embedded in consumer electronics and used
for real-time control in appliances like microwaves, washing machines, and
thermostats.
Wireless Microcontrollers: These microcontrollers come with integrated RF
modules or Bluetooth/Wi-Fi capabilities for IoT and wireless communication-based
applications.
Automotive Microcontrollers: Specifically designed for automotive applications,
these include features like fault tolerance, high temperature resistance, and CAN
support.
Classification Based on Bit Size:
8-bit Microcontrollers: These perform 8-bit data operations and are used in simple
applications such as toys, remote controls, and basic appliances.
16-bit Microcontrollers: Offer better performance than 8-bit and are used in mid-
level embedded applications like industrial automation or medical equipment.
32-bit Microcontrollers: These are high-performance controllers used in complex
systems like robotics, smart cars, or AI-enabled devices.
Classification Based on Memory Architecture:
Embedded Memory Microcontrollers: These have on-chip memory for code and data
storage, reducing external dependency and improving reliability.
