UNIT -2
Spread Sheet
By Neelam Bhatnagar
INTRODUCTION TO EXCEL
Microsoft Excel is the industry leading spreadsheet
program, used by millions of people all over the world.
Excel and other spreadsheet tools are great for data
manipulation, analysis, and visualization – you can sort,
filter, format, and chart your data all within one program.
WORKSHEETS
The term Worksheet used in Excel documents is a collection of
cells organized in rows and columns. It is the working surface you
interact with to enter data. Each worksheet contains 1048576
rows and 16384 columns and serves as a giant table that allows
you to organize information. Typically, a workbook contains
several worksheets with related content and only one of the
worksheets is active at a time.
WORKBOOKS
In Microsoft Excel, a workbook is a collection of one or more
spreadsheets, also called worksheets, in a single file. Below is an
example of a spreadsheet called "Sheet1" in an Excel workbook
file called "Book1." Our example also has the "Sheet2" and
"Sheet3" sheet tabs, which are also part of the same workbook.
ENTERING INFORMATION
Enter data in Excel, just select a cell and begin typing. You'll see
the text appear both in the cell and in the formula bar above. To
tell Excel to accept the data you've typed, press enter. The
information will be entered immediately, and the cursor will move
down one cell.
ROWS
In Microsoft Excel, a row runs horizontally in the grid layout of a
worksheet. Horizontal rows are numbered with numeric values
such as 1, 2, 3. ... Each row in the worksheet has its own row
number which is used as part of a cell reference such as A1, A2,
or M16.
COLUMNS
A column is a vertical series of cells in a chart, table, or
spreadsheet. Below is an example of a Microsoft Excel
spreadsheet with column headers (column letter) A, B, C, D, E, F,
G, and H. As you can see in the image, the last column H is the
highlighted column in red and the selected cell D8 is in the D
column.
What is formatting data in Excel?
Formatting in Excel means a trick that we can use to modify the
data's appearance in a worksheet. We can format the data in
various ways, like we can format the font of the cells or the table
with the help of the styles and format tab present in the Home
tab.
introduction to formulas
In Excel, a formula is an expression that operates on values in a
range of cells or a cell. For example, =A1+A2+A3, which finds the
sum of the range of values from cell A1 to cell A3.
introduction to Calculations
A formula is an equation that makes calculations based on the
data in your spreadsheet. Formulas are entered into a cell in your
worksheet. They must begin with an equal sign, followed by the
addresses of the cells that will be calculated upon, with an
appropriate operand placed in between.
working with formulas and functions
A formula is an expression which calculates the value of a cell.
Functions are predefined formulas and are already available in
Excel. For example, cell A3 below contains a formula which adds
the value of cell A2 to the value of cell A1.
maintaining worksheet
1. Think about the order of worksheets. Put different kinds of
data on different worksheets.
2. Keep your timeline consistent.
3. Label columns and rows.
4. Avoid repetitive formulas.
5. Avoid hiding data.
6. Keep styling consistent.
7. Use positive numbers.
