Exercise 1: Connecting and Processing Data
1. Download the data file: Sample-Superstore_Orders from the Practice Data
folder to your computer.
2. Connect the data to Power BI and load the following tables: sales_west,
sales_east, sales_central, sales_south, and returns.
3. In Power BI Desktop, go to Transform Data.
4. Perform data editing on the sales_east table:
4.1. Use the Data Profiling, Distribution, and Quality functions to check the
data.
4.2. Capitalize the first letter of the City column.
4.3. Add a new column Full name by combining First Name and Last Name.
5. Repeat the same steps for the tables sales_west, sales_central, sales_south.
6. Append the 4 sales tables into one table called sales_orders.
7. Perform data editing on the sales_orders table:
7.1. Replace values in the State column: AZ → Arizona, CA → California, CO
→ Colorado, ID → Idaho, MT → Montana, NM → New Mexico, OR → Oregon,
UT → Utah, WA → Washington.
7.2. Rename columns using lowercase and hyphens (e.g., full_name).
7.3. Change the data type of the Order Date column to Date.
8. Perform data editing on the returns table:
8.1. Split the Notes column into “Notes” and “Approved,” using “-” as the
delimiter.
8.2. Rename the column before “-” to Return Notes, and the part after “-” to
Approval By.
Exercise 2: Creating a Data Model:
1. From the file used in Exercise 1, load additional tables: product, regions,
customers into Power BI.
2. Go to Model View and set up the data model as shown in the provided diagram.
Exercise 3: Create a dim_date Table Using M Code
1. Open the Power BI file from Exercise 2 that you previously worked on, then go
to Transform Data.
2. Create a Blank Query.
3. Open the Advanced Editor and paste the following M code inside:
let
Today = DateTime.Date(DateTime.LocalNow()),
StartDate = #date(2018, 1, 1),
Step = Duration.Days(Today - StartDate),
Source = List.Dates(StartDate,Step, #duration(1,0,0,0)),
#"Converted to Table" = Table.FromList(Source, Splitter.SplitByNothing(), null, null,
ExtraValues.Error),
#"Inserted Year" = Table.AddColumn(#"Converted to Table", "Year", each
Date.Year([Column1]), Int64.Type),
#"Inserted Quarter" = Table.AddColumn(#"Inserted Year", "Quarter", each "Q" &
Text.From(Date.QuarterOfYear([Column1]))),
#"Inserted Month" = Table.AddColumn(#"Inserted Quarter", "Month", each
Date.Month([Column1]), Int64.Type),
#"Inserted Month Name" = Table.AddColumn(#"Inserted Month", "Month Name",
each Text.Start(Date.MonthName([Column1]),3), type text),
#"Inserted Week of Year" = Table.AddColumn(#"Inserted Month Name", "Week of
Year", each Date.WeekOfYear([Column1]), Int64.Type),
#"Inserted Day of Week" = Table.AddColumn(#"Inserted Week of Year", "Day of
Week", each Date.DayOfWeek([Column1]), Int64.Type),
#"Inserted Day Name" = Table.AddColumn(#"Inserted Day of Week", "Day Name",
each Text.Start(Date.DayOfWeekName([Column1]),3), type text),
// Add Fiscal Year based on month-end is June
#"Inserted Fiscal Year" = Table.AddColumn(#"Inserted Day Name", "Fiscal Year",
each if [Month] <= 6 then [Year] else [Year]+1),
// Add Month Sort for fiscal year
#"Inserted Month Fiscal Sort" = Table.AddColumn(#"Inserted Fiscal Year", "Month
Fiscal Sort", each if [Month] = 6 then [Month] +6 else [Month] – 6),
// Add working date
#"Inserted Working Date" = Table.AddColumn(#"Inserted Month Fiscal Sort",
"Working Date", each if [Day Name] = "Sun" then "No" else "Yes"),
// Rename and Change Type
#"Renamed Columns" = Table.RenameColumns(#"Inserted Working
Date",{{"Column1", "Date"}}),
#"Changed Type" = Table.TransformColumnTypes(#"Renamed Columns",{{"Date",
type date}})
in
#"Changed Type"
Check and correct any errors so that the data can be successfully loaded.
4. Read and understand the M code to learn how it works.
5. Load the data into Power Pivot → go to Model View and set up the data model
by linking the newly created dim_date table to the sales_orders table.
6. Create bar and line charts to display profit over time, allowing analysis by
month, quarter, and year.
Exercise 4: Create Calculation Functions
1. Create a measure to calculate Total Sales based on the Sales column:
Tong doanh so = CALCULATE(SUM(sales_orders[Sales]))
2. Create a measure to calculate the Total Number of Orders:
Tong don hang = DISTINCTCOUNT(sales_orders[Order ID])
3. Create a measure to calculate Total Profit from the sales_orders table:
Tong loi nhuan = SUM(sales_orders[Profit])
4. Create a measure to calculate the Total Quantity of Products:
Tong so san pham = SUM(sales_orders[Quantity])
5. Create a measure to calculate Total Sales in the Same Period Last Year:
Tong doanh thu nam truoc =
CALCULATE(
[Tong doanh so],
SAMEPERIODLASTYEAR(dim_date[Date])
)
6. Create a measure to calculate the Revenue Growth Rate vs. the Same Period Last
Year:
ty le tang truong =
DIVIDE(
[Tong doanh so] - [Tong doanh thu nam truoc],
[Tong doanh thu nam truoc],
1
)
7. Calculate the Number of Customers who made purchases.
8. Calculate the Cumulative Number of Customers (Current Year).
9. Calculate the Cumulative Number of Customers (Previous Year).
Exercise 5: Calculate the Following KPIs
1. Create a measure to calculate Profit from the last 3 months using
DATESINPERIOD.
2. Create a measure to calculate Profit from the last 3 months using
DATEBETWEEN.
3. Create a measure to calculate the 3-Month Average Revenue to monitor sales
trends.
Exercise 6: Visualization & final report
