Important programs for practical examination

1. C++ program to convert Fahrenheit to Celsius

2. Find area of rectangle and area of triangle
3. Solved quadratic equation
4. Write a program to print grades of students
5. Write a program to print electricity bill
6. Write a program user input number and print table of the number
7. Write a program to input three number and find which number is greater
8. Write a program to input number and find number is even or odd
9. Write a program to input number a find number is prime
10. Write a program to print Fibonacci series
11. Write a program to find the factorial of a number
12. Write a program to print series 1,2,4,6,8 and add final total
13. Write a program to input a numbers and reverse the numbers

Solution List of practical given in modal papers

Problem 1

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

void calculateInterest() {

float principal, rate, time, interest;

cout << "Enter Principal amount: ";

cin >> principal;

cout << "Enter Rate (%): ";

cin >> rate;

cout << "Enter Time (years): ";

cin >> time;

interest = (principal * rate * time) / 100;

cout << "Simple Interest = " << interest << endl;

}
void calculatePercentage() {

float obtained, total, percent;

cout << "Enter obtained marks: ";

cin >> obtained;

cout << "Enter total marks: ";

cin >> total;

percent = (obtained / total) * 100;

cout << "Percentage = " << percent << "%" << endl;

void calculateAverage() {

int n;

cout << "Enter number of values: ";

cin >> n;

float value, sum = 0;

for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {

cout << "Enter value " << i << ": ";

cin >> value;

sum += value;

cout << "Average = " << sum / n << endl;

void calculateRatio() {

float a, b;

cout << "Enter first number: ";

cin >> a;

cout << "Enter second number: ";

cin >> b;

float ratio = a / b;

cout << "Ratio (a:b) = " << a << ":" << b << " or " << ratio << ":1" << endl;
}

void calculateGrade() {

float marks;

cout << "Enter percentage: ";

cin >> marks;

if (marks >= 90)

cout << "Grade: A+" << endl;

else if (marks >= 80)

cout << "Grade: A" << endl;

else if (marks >= 70)

cout << "Grade: B" << endl;

else if (marks >= 60)

cout << "Grade: C" << endl;

else if (marks >= 50)

cout << "Grade: D" << endl;

else

cout << "Grade: F (Fail)" << endl;

int main() {

int choice;

do {

cout << "\n=== Arithmetic Problem Solver ===\n";

cout << "1. Calculate Interest\n";

cout << "2. Calculate Percentage\n";

cout << "3. Calculate Average\n";

cout << "4. Calculate Ratio\n";

cout << "5. Determine Grade\n";

cout << "0. Exit\n";

cout << "Enter your choice: ";

 cin >> choice;

switch (choice) {

case 1: calculateInterest(); break;

case 2: calculatePercentage(); break;

case 3: calculateAverage(); break;

case 4: calculateRatio(); break;

case 5: calculateGrade(); break;

case 0: cout << "Exiting program." << endl; break;

default: cout << "Invalid choice!" << endl;

} while (choice != 0);

return 0;

Problem 2

#include <iostream>

#include <cmath>

using namespace std;

const float PI = 3.14159;

void areaCircle() {

float radius;

cout << "Enter radius: ";

cin >> radius;

cout << "Area of Circle = " << PI * radius * radius << endl;

void perimeterCircle() {
 float radius;

cout << "Enter radius: ";

cin >> radius;

cout << "Perimeter of Circle = " << 2 * PI * radius << endl;

void areaRectangle() {

float length, width;

cout << "Enter length and width: ";

cin >> length >> width;

cout << "Area of Rectangle = " << length * width << endl;

void perimeterRectangle() {

float length, width;

cout << "Enter length and width: ";

cin >> length >> width;

cout << "Perimeter of Rectangle = " << 2 * (length + width) << endl;

void areaTriangle() {

float base, height;

cout << "Enter base and height: ";

cin >> base >> height;

cout << "Area of Triangle = " << 0.5 * base * height << endl;

void volumeCube() {

float side;

cout << "Enter side length: ";

cin >> side;

 cout << "Volume of Cube = " << side * side * side << endl;

void volumeCylinder() {

float radius, height;

cout << "Enter radius and height: ";

cin >> radius >> height;

cout << "Volume of Cylinder = " << PI * radius * radius * height << endl;

void areaSquare() {

float side;

cout << "Enter side: ";

cin >> side;

cout << "Area of Square = " << side * side << endl;

void perimeterSquare() {

float side;

cout << "Enter side: ";

cin >> side;

cout << "Perimeter of Square = " << 4 * side << endl;

int main() {

int choice;

do {

cout << "\n=== Geometry Calculator ===\n";

cout << "1. Area of Circle\n";

cout << "2. Perimeter of Circle\n";

cout << "3. Area of Rectangle\n";

 cout << "4. Perimeter of Rectangle\n";

cout << "5. Area of Triangle\n";

cout << "6. Volume of Cube\n";

cout << "7. Volume of Cylinder\n";

cout << "8. Area of Square\n";

cout << "9. Perimeter of Square\n";

cout << "0. Exit\n";

cout << "Choose an option: ";

cin >> choice;

switch (choice) {

case 1: areaCircle(); break;

case 2: perimeterCircle(); break;

case 3: areaRectangle(); break;

case 4: perimeterRectangle(); break;

case 5: areaTriangle(); break;

case 6: volumeCube(); break;

case 7: volumeCylinder(); break;

case 8: areaSquare(); break;

case 9: perimeterSquare(); break;

case 0: cout << "Exiting program.\n"; break;

default: cout << "Invalid choice!\n";

} while (choice != 0);

return 0;

}
 Problem 3

#include <iostream>

#include <cmath>

#include <string>

using namespace std;

void compareNumbers() {

float a, b;

cout << "Enter two numbers: ";

cin >> a >> b;

if (a > b)

cout << a << " is greater than " << b << endl;

else if (a < b)

cout << b << " is greater than " << a << endl;

else

cout << "Both numbers are equal." << endl;

}

void compareStrings() {

string str1, str2;

cout << "Enter first string: ";

cin >> str1;

cout << "Enter second string: ";

cin >> str2;

if (str1 == str2)

cout << "Strings are equal." << endl;

else {

cout << "Strings are not equal." << endl;

if (str1 < str2)

cout << str1 << " comes before " << str2 << " in dictionary order." << endl;

else

cout << str2 << " comes before " << str1 << " in dictionary order." << endl;

void solveQuadratic() {

double a, b, c;

cout << "Enter coefficients a, b, and c: ";

cin >> a >> b >> c;

if (a == 0) {

cout << "This is not a quadratic equation." << endl;

return;

double discriminant = b * b - 4 * a * c;
 cout << "Discriminant = " << discriminant << endl;

if (discriminant > 0) {

double root1 = (-b + sqrt(discriminant)) / (2 * a);

double root2 = (-b - sqrt(discriminant)) / (2 * a);

cout << "Roots are real and distinct: " << root1 << " and " << root2 << endl;

} else if (discriminant == 0) {

double root = -b / (2 * a);

cout << "Roots are real and equal: " << root << endl;

} else {

double realPart = -b / (2 * a);

double imagPart = sqrt(-discriminant) / (2 * a);

cout << "Roots are complex: "

<< realPart << " + " << imagPart << "i and "

<< realPart << " - " << imagPart << "i" << endl;

int main() {

int choice;

do {

cout << "\n=== Comparison & Quadratic Equation ===\n";

cout << "1. Compare Numbers\n";

cout << "2. Compare Strings\n";

cout << "3. Solve Quadratic Equation\n";

cout << "0. Exit\n";

cout << "Enter your choice: ";

cin >> choice;

switch (choice) {

case 1: compareNumbers(); break;

 case 2: compareStrings(); break;

case 3: solveQuadratic(); break;

case 0: cout << "Exiting...\n"; break;

default: cout << "Invalid option!\n";

} while (choice != 0);

return 0;

Problem 4:

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

// Function to calculate GCD using Euclidean algorithm

int findGCD(int a, int b) {

while (b != 0) {

int temp = b;

b = a % b;

a = temp;

return a;

// Function to calculate LCM using GCD

int findLCM(int a, int b) {

return (a * b) / findGCD(a, b);

int main() {
int choice;

do {

cout << "\n=== GCD and LCM Calculator ===\n";

cout << "1. Find GCD\n";

cout << "2. Find LCM\n";

cout << "0. Exit\n";

cout << "Enter your choice: ";

cin >> choice;

int num1, num2;

switch (choice) {

case 1:

cout << "Enter two integers: ";

cin >> num1 >> num2;

cout << "GCD of " << num1 << " and " << num2 << " = " << findGCD(num1, num2) << endl;

break;

case 2:

cout << "Enter two integers: ";

cin >> num1 >> num2;

cout << "LCM of " << num1 << " and " << num2 << " = " << findLCM(num1, num2) << endl;

break;

case 0:

cout << "Exiting...\n";

break;

default:

cout << "Invalid choice!\n";

} while (choice != 0);

return 0;
}

Problem 5

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

bool isPrime(int n) {

if (n <= 1)

return false; // 0 and 1 are neither prime nor composite

if (n == 2)

return true;

if (n % 2 == 0)

return false;

for (int i = 3; i * i <= n; i += 2) {

if (n % i == 0)

return false;

return true;

int main() {

int number;

cout << "Enter a positive integer: ";

cin >> number;

 if (number <= 1)

cout << number << " is neither prime nor composite." << endl;

else if (isPrime(number))

cout << number << " is a prime number." << endl;

else

cout << number << " is a composite number." << endl;

return 0;

Problem 6

#include <iostream>

#include <vector>

#include <algorithm>

#include <string>

using namespace std;

void sortNumbers() {

int n;

cout << "Enter how many numbers you want to sort: ";

cin >> n;

vector<int> numbers(n);

cout << "Enter " << n << " numbers:\n";

for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {

cin >> numbers[i];

sort(numbers.begin(), numbers.end());
 cout << "Sorted Numbers: ";

for (int num : numbers) {

cout << num << " ";

cout << endl;

void sortStrings() {

int n;

cout << "Enter how many strings you want to sort: ";

cin >> n;

vector<string> strings(n);

cout << "Enter " << n << " strings:\n";

for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {

cin >> strings[i];

sort(strings.begin(), strings.end());

cout << "Sorted Strings: ";

for (string str : strings) {

cout << str << " ";

cout << endl;

int main() {

int choice;

do {

cout << "\n=== Sorting Menu ===\n";

 cout << "1. Sort Numbers\n";

cout << "2. Sort Strings\n";

cout << "0. Exit\n";

cout << "Enter your choice: ";

cin >> choice;

switch (choice) {

case 1: sortNumbers(); break;

case 2: sortStrings(); break;

case 0: cout << "Exiting...\n"; break;

default: cout << "Invalid choice!\n";

} while (choice != 0);

return 0;

Problem 7

#include <iostream>

#include <vector>

#include <string>

using namespace std;

void searchNumber() {

int n, target;

cout << "Enter how many numbers you want to input: ";

cin >> n;

vector<int> numbers(n);

cout << "Enter " << n << " numbers:\n";

 for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)

cin >> numbers[i];

cout << "Enter number to search: ";

cin >> target;

bool found = false;

for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {

if (numbers[i] == target) {

cout << "Number " << target << " found at position " << i + 1 << "." << endl;

found = true;

break;

if (!found)

cout << "Number not found in the list.\n";

void searchString() {

int n;

string target;

cout << "Enter how many strings you want to input: ";

cin >> n;

vector<string> strings(n);

cout << "Enter " << n << " strings:\n";

for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)

cin >> strings[i];

cout << "Enter string to search: ";

 cin >> target;

bool found = false;

for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {

if (strings[i] == target) {

cout << "String \"" << target << "\" found at position " << i + 1 << "." << endl;

found = true;

break;

if (!found)

cout << "String not found in the list.\n";

int main() {

int choice;

do {

cout << "\n=== Search Menu ===\n";

cout << "1. Search Number\n";

cout << "2. Search String\n";

cout << "0. Exit\n";

cout << "Enter your choice: ";

cin >> choice;

switch (choice) {

case 1: searchNumber(); break;

case 2: searchString(); break;

case 0: cout << "Exiting...\n"; break;

default: cout << "Invalid choice!\n";

}
 } while (choice != 0);

return 0;

Problem 8

#include <iostream>

#include <cstdlib> // For rand() and srand()

#include <ctime> // For time()

using namespace std;

// Function to roll a dice (returns number between 1 and 6)

int rollDice() {

return rand() % 6 + 1;

int main() {

// Seed the random number generator with current time

srand(time(0));

char choice;

do {

cout << "Rolling the dice...\n";

int result = rollDice();

cout << "You rolled: " << result << endl;

cout << "Roll again? (y/n): ";

cin >> choice;

} while (choice == 'y' || choice == 'Y');

cout << "Thanks for playing!\n";

 return 0;

Problem 9

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

const int MAX = 3;

void inputMatrix(int matrix[MAX][MAX], int rows, int cols) {

cout << "Enter elements of matrix (" << rows << "x" << cols << "):\n";

for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++)

for (int j = 0; j < cols; j++)

cin >> matrix[i][j];

void printMatrix(int matrix[MAX][MAX], int rows, int cols) {

cout << "Matrix:\n";

for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++) {

for (int j = 0; j < cols; j++)

cout << matrix[i][j] << "\t";

cout << "\n";

void addMatrices(int A[MAX][MAX], int B[MAX][MAX], int result[MAX][MAX], int rows, int cols) {

for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++)

for (int j = 0; j < cols; j++)

result[i][j] = A[i][j] + B[i][j];

}
void multiplyMatrices(int A[MAX][MAX], int B[MAX][MAX], int result[MAX][MAX], int r1, int c1, int
r2, int c2) {

// Initialize result matrix to zero

for (int i = 0; i < r1; i++)

for (int j = 0; j < c2; j++)

result[i][j] = 0;

for (int i = 0; i < r1; i++)

for (int j = 0; j < c2; j++)

for (int k = 0; k < c1; k++)

result[i][j] += A[i][k] * B[k][j];

int main() {

int A[MAX][MAX], B[MAX][MAX], result[MAX][MAX];

int r1, c1, r2, c2;

cout << "Matrix Addition and Multiplication (Max 3x3)\n";

// Input dimensions for first matrix

do {

cout << "Enter rows and columns for Matrix A (max 3): ";

cin >> r1 >> c1;

if (r1 > 3 || c1 > 3 || r1 <= 0 || c1 <= 0)

cout << "Invalid size. Please enter values between 1 and 3.\n";

} while (r1 > 3 || c1 > 3 || r1 <= 0 || c1 <= 0);

// Input dimensions for second matrix

do {

cout << "Enter rows and columns for Matrix B (max 3): ";

cin >> r2 >> c2;

 if (r2 > 3 || c2 > 3 || r2 <= 0 || c2 <= 0)

cout << "Invalid size. Please enter values between 1 and 3.\n";

} while (r2 > 3 || c2 > 3 || r2 <= 0 || c2 <= 0);

// Input matrices

inputMatrix(A, r1, c1);

inputMatrix(B, r2, c2);

// Addition only possible if dimensions match

if (r1 == r2 && c1 == c2) {

addMatrices(A, B, result, r1, c1);

cout << "\nSum of matrices:\n";

printMatrix(result, r1, c1);

} else {

cout << "\nAddition not possible (matrices dimensions do not match).\n";

// Multiplication possible if columns of A == rows of B

if (c1 == r2) {

multiplyMatrices(A, B, result, r1, c1, r2, c2);

cout << "\nProduct of matrices:\n";

printMatrix(result, r1, c2);

} else {

cout << "\nMultiplication not possible (columns of A != rows of B).\n";

return 0;

Problem 10

Reversing a given number / string

#include <iostream>
 #include <string>

using namespace std;

// Function to reverse a number

int reverseNumber(int num) {

int rev = 0;

while (num != 0) {

rev = rev * 10 + (num % 10);

num /= 10;

return rev;

// Function to reverse a string

string reverseString(const string& str) {

string rev = str;

int n = rev.length();

for (int i = 0; i < n / 2; i++) {

swap(rev[i], rev[n - 1 - i]);

return rev;

int main() {

int choice;

cout << "Choose what to reverse:\n1. Number\n2. String\nEnter choice: ";

cin >> choice;

cin.ignore(); // to consume leftover newline

if (choice == 1) {

int num;
 cout << "Enter a number: ";

cin >> num;

cout << "Reversed number: " << reverseNumber(num) << "\n";

else if (choice == 2) {

string str;

cout << "Enter a string: ";

getline(cin, str);

cout << "Reversed string: " << reverseString(str) << "\n";

else {

cout << "Invalid choice.\n";

return 0;