Algorithm characteristics
1. It should have finite number of steps. No one can be expected to execute infinite number of steps.
2. The steps must be in order and simple
3. Each step should be defined clearly stated i.e. without un-ambiguity (without doubtfulness)
4. Must include all required information
5. Should exhibit at least one output
Algorithm Flowchart Program
An algorithm is defined as A flowchart is pictorial Set of instructions. Instruction
sequence of steps to solve a (graphical) representation of is a command to the computer
problem (task). an algorithm. to do some task.
Algorithm can also be defined A picture is worth of 1000 Implementation of Algorithm
as a plan to solve a problem words. We can understand or flowchart
and represents its logic. more from picture than words.
Different algorithms have different performance characteristics to solve the same problem. Some
algorithms are fast. Some are slow. Some occupy more memory space. Some occupy less memory
space. Some are complex and some algorithms are simple.
Logically algorithm, flowchart and program are the same.
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Examples of Algorithms and Flowcharts (with C code)
1. To find sum of two numbers
Algorithm Flowchart Program
Stop
1. Start
2. Read a, b
3. c = a + b
4. Print or display c
5. Stop
Start
Read a, b c = a + b Write c
2. Finding Area of the square
Algorithm Flowchart Program
Start
1. Start
2. Read length, L
3. area = L*L
4. Print or display area 5. Stop
Stop
Read L area = L*L
Write
area
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3. Finding Area of the rectangle
Algorithm Flowchart Program
Start
1. Start
2. Read side length,
a 3. Read side
length b 4. area =
a*b
5. Print or display
area 6. Stop
Read a
Read b
area
area = a*b
Stop
Write
4. Area of a triangle where three sides are given
Algorithm Flowchart Program
Stop
1. Start
2. Read a, b, c
3. s = (a+b+c)/2
4. A=sqrt (s
*(s-a)*(s-b)*(s-c)) 5. Print
or display A
6. Stop
Start
Read a, b, c
s = (a+b+c)/2
A = sqrt
s(s-a)*(s-b)*(s-c)
Write
A
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5. Find the area & perimeter of a square Algorithm
Flowchart Program
Print or display A,P
6. Stop
1. Start Start
2. Read length L 3.
Area A = L*L 4.
Perimeter P = 4*L 5. Read L
A, P
A = L*L P = 4*L
Stop
Write
6. Calculating
the average
for 3
numbers
Algorithm Flowchart
Program
1. Start
2. Read 3 numbers A, B, C
3. Calculate the average by
the equation:
Average = (A + B + C)/3
4. Print average
5. Stop
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7. Greatest of two numbers
Algorithm Flowchart Program
1. Start
2. Read A,B
3. If A > B then
Print A
is large
else
Print B
is large
4. Stop
8. Interchange the value of two numbers
Algorithm Flowchart Program
1. Start
2. Read two values into two
variables a, b
3. Declare third variable, c
c=a
a=b
b=c
4. Print or display a, b
5. Stop
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9. Calculate simple interest using the expression
(SI=PNR/100) Algorithm Flowchart Program
Start
1. Start
2. Read P, N, R
3. SI=(PNR)/100 4.
Print SI
5. Stop
Read P, N, R
SI = (P*N*R)/100
Write
SI
Stop
10. Convert temperature from Fahrenheit to Celsius
Algorithm Flowchart Program
1. Start
2. Initialize F = 0,
C=0
3. Read F
4. C = (F-32) * 5/9
5. Write C
6. Stop
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11. Draw a flowchart for computing factorial N, where N! = 1 * 2 * 3 * …… N
Algorithm Flowchart Program
i=i+1
Start
1. Start
2. Read N
3. Initialize F =1, i Read N
=1
4. F = F * i;
5. Increment i by 1 F=1
6. Repeat step 4 & i=1
5 until i = N
7. Print F
F=F*i
8. Stop
Is
i = N?
Yes
Write F
Stop
No
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12. Find the Sum of First Five Natural Numbers Algorithm
Flowchart Program
1. Start
2. Initialize count = 0, sum
=0
3. count = count + 1
4. sum = sum + count
5. Repeat steps 3,4 until
count > 5
6. Print sum
7. Stop
13. Calculating sum of integers 1 to 100
Algorithm Flowchart Program 1. Start
2. Initialize count i = 1, sum
= 0 3. sum = sum + i Yes
4. Increment i by 1
Write
5. Repeat steps 3 & 4 until i sum
> 100 6. Print sum
7. Stop
Start
i=1
sum = 0
sum = sum + ii
=i+1
Stop
No
Is i>100?
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14. To find the sum of n natural Numbers Algorithm
Flowchart Program
1. Start
2. Read n
3. count=0
4. sum=0
5. count = count + 1
6. sum = sum + count
7. Repeat steps 5 & 6
until
count > n
8. Print sum
9. Stop
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15. Sum of squares of n natural numbers Algorithm
Flowchart Program
8. Stop
1. Start
2. Read n
3. i = 0, sum = 0
4. i = i + 1
5. sum = sum + (i*i)
6. Repeat steps 4 and 5
until i > n 7. Print sum
Is
i>n
Yes
Write
sum
Stop
No
Start
Read n
i=0
sum = 0
i=i+1
sum = sum + (i*i)
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16. To find the sum of all even numbers up to ‘n’ Algorithm
Flowchart Program
1. Start
READ n
2. Read n
3. count=0
4. sum=0
count = 0
5. count = count + 2 sum = 0
6. sum = sum + count
7. Repeat steps 5 & 6 until
count ≤ n 8. Print sum count = count+ 2 sum = sum +
9. Stop
count
Is
count ≤ n
Yes
Write
sum
Stop
No
Start
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17. To find Product of numbers up to N
Algorithm Flowchart Program
count ≤ n
1. Start No
2. Read n
Yes
3. count i = 1
Write
4. product = 1 product
5. product=count*product 6.
count = count + 1
7. Repeat steps 5,6 until Stop
count ≤ N 8. Print product
9. Stop
Start
READ n
count i = 1
product = 1
count = count + 1
product =
product*count
Is
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18. Sum of first 50 odd numbers
Algorithm Flowchart Program
1. Start
2. sum=0, n = 1
3. sum=sum + n
4. n = n + 2
5. Repeat steps 4 and 5
until
n ≤ 99
6. Print sum
7. Stop
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