EXERCISE UNIT 1: LOCAL COMMUNITY

II. PHRASAL VERBS (CỤM ĐỘNG TỪ)

1. Định nghĩa
Cụm động từ (phrasal verb) là sự kết hợp giữa một động từ với một tiểu từ (adverb hoặc preposition, hoặc
đôi khi cả hai) để tạo thành một động từ mới có nghĩa hoàn toàn khác hoặc mang sắc thái nghĩa khác so với
động từ gốc. Tiểu từ có thể là trạng từ, giới từ hoặc một số loại từ khác.
E.g: take off (cởi ra); look after (chăm sóc); find out (tìm ra)

2. Meaning of phrasal verbs (Nghĩa của cụm động từ)

- Một số cụm động từ có nghĩa rõ ràng, dễ hiểu vì nghĩa của chúng dựa trên nghĩa thường dùng của động từ và
trạng từ hoặc giới từ: come in (bước vào), come back (trở lại, quay về), sit down (ngồi xuống), stand up (đứng
lên), turn around (quay lại)...
E.g: We all stand up when the teacher comes.
My father came back very late last night.
- Tuy nhiên, phần lớn cụm động từ thường có nghĩa đặc biệt, khác hoàn toàn với nghĩa của từng từ riêng lẻ: turn
off (tắt), turn on (bật), put on (mặc vào), give up (từ bỏ), look for (tìm kiếm)...
E.g: Norah had turned off the lights before leaving.
He gave up smoking when he was 30.
- Một số cụm động từ có thể có nhiều nghĩa.
E.g: We came home late because our car broke down.
That company broke down just after one year of operation.
She totally broke down after hearing the bad news.
Thông thường, ta không thể đoán nghĩa của cụm động từ qua sự kết hợp từ của nó. Để học nghĩa của cụm động
từ, ta cần nhận biết động từ và tiểu từ [particle(s)] phải kết hợp với nhau hay chúng có thể tách rời nhau.

3. Phân loại
Cụm động từ có thể được chia làm 4 loại:
a. Cụm động từ có thể tách ra V + O + prep (động từ + tân ngữ + giới từ)
được
We put out the fire. = We put the fire out.

b. Cụm động từ không tách ra V + prep + O (động từ + giới từ + tân ngữ)

được
We should go over the whole project.

[Không dùng: We should go the whole project over.]

c. Cụm động từ không có tân ngữ V + prep (động từ + giới từ)

When we got to the airport, the plane had taken off.

d. Cụm đồng từ gồm 3 từ V + prep 1 + prep 2 (động từ + giới từ 1 + giới từ 2)

We’ve put up with our noisy neighbours for years.

EXERCISE
A. PHONETIC
I. Choose the word which has a different sound in the underlined part.

1. A. fat B. hat C. mandatory D. demand

2. A. repair B. bell C. bet D. beg

3. A. disaster B. calendar C. can D. bat

4. A. ready B. jealous C. calendar D. bell

5. A. head B. bread C. stead D. peace

6. A. graduate B. satellite C. parachute D. climate

7. A. regulator B. personal C. referee D. detective

8. A. eliminate B. expedition C. separate D. preparation

9. A. graduate B. magic C. lavender D. fatherhood

10. A. candidate B. negative C. character D. camera

B. VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR

I. Label each picture with an appropriate word/ phrase in the box.
carving conical hat drum knitting lantern

painting pottery sculpture lacquerware silk

1. ___________________ 2. ___________________
3. ___________________ 4. ___________________

5. ___________________ 6. ___________________

7. ___________________ 8. ___________________

9. ___________________ 10. ___________________

II. Match the word with its definition.
1. artisan A. a product that is made by hand rather than by using a machine.

2. workshop B. the process of encouraging members of a group to work well together by

having them take part in activities and games.

3. authenticity C. a person who does skilled work, making things with their hands.

4. handicraft D. a long, thin strand of cotton, nylon, or other fibers used in sewing or
weaving.

5. team-building E. the place where something first started to exist.

6. birthplace F. a room or building where things are made using tools or machines.

7. thread G. I a work of art that is a solid figure or object made by carving or shaping
wood, stone, clay, metal, etc.

8. sculpture H. the quality of being real or true.

III. Fill in each blank with a word or phrase in the box.

team-building handkerchiefs conical hat silk

tablecloth lacquerware handicraft workshop

marble sculptures pottery drums

1. "Non la" (translated as "________________") is not only a normal hat but also one of Vietnam’s symbols of
charm.
2. Their old garage has been made into a ________________ for making wood products.
3. If you soak the ________________ before you wash it, the stains should come out.
4. These shiny white ________________ were made by traditional artisans in Da Nang.
5. The treasure hunt game is aimed at improving management and ________________ skills.
6. Our ________________ have a full range of sounds: booming bases, sharp slaps, and rich tones.
7. Today, tissues are so popular that cloth ________________ are regarded as old-fashioned.
8. Generations of artists in this village have turned ordinary wood and bamboo into beautiful
________________.
9. ________________, sometimes expressed as handmade, is a type of work where objects are made completely
by hand or by using only simple tools.
10. When I saw Anna, she was wearing a thin ________________ dress, black stockings, and a small fur jacket.

IV. Fill in the blanks with when, where, what, or how to complete the sentences.
1. Lisa has so many ingredients, but she doesn’t know _______ to make!
2. This city is so expensive. I don't know _______ to live.
3. John wants to marry his girlfriend, but he’s not sure _______ to propose.
4. Help! My room is infested with ants. I don’t know _______ to do!
5. Help us decide_______ to go on vacation.
6. Do you know _______ to do if you are stung by a bee?
7. My husband and I are so busy these days. We don't know ____ to celebrate our anniversary.
8. She wants to speak French better, but I don’t know _______ to do that.

V. Match the phrasal verbs with their meanings.

1. deal with A. get information, discover something

2. close down B. control of something

3. turn up C. take action to solve a problem

4. find out D. begin working, start a new business

5. live on E. stop doing something

6. look forward to F. arrive

7. look through G. start on a trip

8. set off H. have enough money to live

9. set up I. be excited about something

10. take over J. read

VI. Circle and write the correct answer.

1. We have turned (down/ up) Jack’s application for the job.
2. They may have to deal (with/ about) many problems in the workplace.
3. Small birds mainly live (on/ off) insects.
4. When does the plane take (off/ up)?
5. Why did you decide to take (on/ up) skiing?
6. Remember to warm (up/down) carefully before you play sports.
7. There's no need to dress (up/ down). It is just an informal party.
8. Have you worked (out/ in) the solution yet?
9. Oops, I think we’re running out (of/ on) petrol.
10. Jim seems not to get (on/off) well with his classmates.
11. My wife has decided to set (up/down) a business on her own.
12. Do you think Jane will find (out/ up) the truth?
13. Does Jim have many friends to count (on/off) in difficult time?
14. Yesterday, my uncle dropped (to/ by) my house to the surprise of everyone.
15. Were you brought (up/ in) by your grandparents?

VII. Choose the correct answer to complete the sentences.

1. I recently decided to _______ a new hobby, and I chose photography.
A. take in B. take off C. take up D. take along
2. The busy life in the city has helped Anna _______ her homesickness.
A. go over B. get over C. get off D. get on
3. He had to _______ his vacation plans due to unexpected work commitments.
A. put on B. put off C. put up D. put away
4. I always _______ early in the morning to avoid traffic.
A. get on B. get away C. get over D. get up
5. The news will _______ in the newspapers tomorrow.
A. come over B. come out C. come in D. come together
6. She always _______ her younger sister, making sure she's safe.
A. looks after B. looks for C. looks in D. looks up
7. Don't forget to _______ the lights when you leave the room.
A. turn up B. turn on C. turn off D. turn down
8. Can you _______ the trash when you leave the room?
A. take away B. put out C. take out D. get away
9. Don’t forget to _______ a warm coat before going out; it’s chilly outside.
A. put on B. put off C. get on D. bring in
10. House prices have to _______ sooner or later because people keep moving to the city.
A. take off B. get on C. go down D. go up

VIII. Match the sentences.

1. Have you already found a destination for our A. Yes, but I hear that it has many unique artifacts.
weekends?

2. The park is full of people, both adults and B. They knitted them out of bamboo.
children.

3. I think a conical hat is easy to make as it looks C. Not yet. We should have another plan.
quite simple.

4. This museum looks small. D. I know! And the artisan must be skilled.

5. Where did you spend your last weekend? E. We had a memorable trip to a new zoo on the
outskirts of the city.

6. According to the tour program, we will have team- F. Half past six would be good.
building games in the morning.

7. How did they make these baskets? G. That sounds fun. How about the afternoon?

8. We must come back to the gathering point on time. H. I don't think so. Artisans have to follow 15 stages to
make it.

9. Look at this carved eggshell! It's amazing! I. Yeah! Children play games while their parents sit
and talk with each other.

10. What time should we set off for the tour? J. But what is the exact number?

IX. Complete the conversation with the sentences in the box.

A. My father bought it last year.
B. Then the artisans can live on their jobs.
C. Yes, what’s wrong?
 D. Oh, really? Do you want the address?
E. From a company called in Quang Nam City.
F. I just enjoy the painting.
G. That's easier for them to sell products.
H. Not many artisans can establish a company like the does.
Tuan: This painting looks so beautiful.
Nam: It’s a silk painting, embroidered by hand. (1) _______________
Tuan: Where did he buy it?
Nam: (2) _______________ He says their paintings look very special. This is the one he likes most.
Tuan: A company?
Nam: (3) _______________
Tuan: I only heard of silk paintings from small craft villages. I don’t know if people can open companies for
this business.
Nam: Well, now they do. (4) _______________
Tuan: I’m impressed. (5) _______________
Nam: I think opening a company is good for promoting traditional crafts. They can sell their products to many
more customers. (6) _______________
Tuan: You're right. I think there may be many companies like this, but we have never heard of them.
Nam: I don’t know. (7) _______________ Do you like it?
Tuan: Yes, I do. I will ask my parents to buy one if we visit Quang Nam.
Nam: (8) _______________
Tuan: Oh, no need now. We can easily search for it later. Thanks a lot.

C. READING COMPREHENSION
I. Read the following and choose the correct answer.
There are many (1) ___________villages in Viet Nam, but Quat Dong village in Ha Noi is widely known (2)
___________ its products of high (3) ___________.
Embroidery has been developing around here (4) ___________ the 17th century. In the past, local skilled
artisans were chosen to make sophisticated embroidered (5) ___________ for the Vietnamese King, Queen and
other Royal family members. The first man who taught the local people how to embroider was Dr. Le Cong
Hanh, who lived during the Le dynasty. He learned how to embroider while on a trip (6) ___________ an
envoy, and taught the villagers of Quat Dong upon his (7) ___________. Although these skills eventually
spread (8) ___________ the country, the Quat Dong's artisans' creations are still the most appreciated. In ( 9)
___________ to create beautiful embroideries, an artisan must be patient, careful and have an eye for design,
along with clever hands. Nowadays, Quat Dong products may range from clothes, bags, and pillowcases to
paintings and decorations, which are (10) ___________ to many countries.

1. A. number B. exist C. embroidery D. population

2. A. for B. border C. region D. place

3. A. includes B. insists C. quality D. consists

4. A. around B. over C. on D. since

5. A. costumes B. tell C. name D. separate

 6. A. good B. as C. better D. well

7. A. another B. others C. return D. anothers

8. A. across B. hill C. village D. downtown

9. A. quarter B. effort C. order D. notice

10. A. wonder B. cause C. true D. exported

II. Fill in the gap with one word in the box.

artisans skillful handicraft completely

where set long-standing souvernirs

I've just returned from my vacation in Ha Noi, Viet Nam. On this trip, I had a chance to visit some (1)
___________ villages that produce the finest craftwork exported around the world.
The very first place I (2) ___________ foot on was Van Phuc Silk Village, the cradle of the best silk in
Vietnam. I totally fall in love with many colourful clothes, hats, bags, ties ... made of authentic silk. Then, I
moved on to Bat Trang ceramic village, the most famous and (3) ___________ pottery village in Vietnam with
a nearly 1,000-year-old historic development. Here, I visited a small family factory to see how the ( 4)
___________ form, paint and glaze with unique products and have a chance to practice my talent with wet clay
and a mould. Afternoon, I continued to visit Dong Ho folk painting village, (5) ___________ the traditional
woodblock paintings are preserved. I was completely impressed by the folk paintings made by the local (6)
___________ artisans with natural materials and colors. Each painting is (7) ___________ handmade on paper
of the Dzo tree and is coloured with other natural materials and its glittery surface is finished with oyster shell
dust.
I took home a lot of handmade (8) ___________ and friends, which were later given to my family and friends.

D. WRITING
I. Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word
given.
1. Where did you find out about the Disneyland Resort? (get)
 Where……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. When did you get up this morning? (out of)
 When……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. They’re going to bring out a guidebook to different beauty spots in Viet Nam. (publish)
 They're…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. I'm looking forward to the weekend. (thinking)
 I'm……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. When did you return home from the school trip? (back)
 When……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
6. We waited for her for a long time, but she did not arrive. (turn)
 We……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
7. They departed for their journey to Da Nang yesterday morning. (set)
 They……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
8. He got out of bed early so that he would not miss the train. (up)
 He……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
9. He started to walk faster so I had to run to stay equal with him. (keep)
 He……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
10. Most people in this village earn their living by making traditional handicrafts. (live on)
 Most people………………………………………………………………………………………………….

II. Write sentences with the cues given.

1. Lam Yen Drum village/ stand/ between/ Red River/ Tich River
__________________________________________________________________________________________
2. waste pollution/ should/ treat/ properly
__________________________________________________________________________________________
3. life expectancy/ craft village residents/ be/ lower/ rest of Viet Nam
__________________________________________________________________________________________
4. many handicraft villages/ Quang Nam Province/ succeed/ combining/ traditional handicraft/ tourism
__________________________________________________________________________________________
5. villagers/ learn/ make/ green sticky rice/ when/ they/ be/ very/ young
__________________________________________________________________________________________
6. craftsmen/ add/ paintings/ Hue poems/ between/ two layers/ leaves/ create/ famous/ poetic/ conical hats
__________________________________________________________________________________________
7. although/ they/ come/ Viet Nam/ the first time,/ they/ can/ easy/ get/ local people
__________________________________________________________________________________________
8. government/ be/ face/ pressure/ environmentalists/ at present
__________________________________________________________________________________________