CLASS - XI
35. CHEMISTRY
Time: 3 Hrs Theory: 70 Marks
Practical: 20 Marks
C.C.E.: 10 Marks
Total: 100 Marks
STRUCTURE OF QUESTION PAPER (THEORY)
1 There will be one theory paper comprising of 26 questions. All
questions are compulsory.
2 Question no. 1 to 8 will be of one mark each. All questions are
compulsory.
3 Question no. 9 to 16 will be of two marks each. All questions are
compulsory.
4 Question no.17 to 23 will be of four marks each. There will be internal
choice in two questions.
5 Question no.24 to 26 will be of six marks each. There will be internal
choice in them.
6 Distribution of marks over different dimensions of the paper will be as
follows.
LEARNING OUTCOMES PERCENTAGE OF MARKS
KNOWLEDGE 36%
UNDERSTANDING 44%
APPLICATION 20%
Total 100%
7 There will be question of the objective type such as Yes/No, tick/cross,
fill in the blanks, multiple choice, true/false and definition etc.
8 Use of un-programmable calculator is allowed. The log tables can be
used.
9 Total weightage of numerical will be 20%
UNITWISE DISTRIBUTION OF MARKS
SR.NO UNIT TOTAL
MARK
1 Some Basic Concept of Chemistry 05
2 Structure of Atom 06
3 Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties 05
4 Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure 06
5 Hydrogen 05
6 S-Block Elements (Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals) 05
7 Organic Chemistry- Some Basic Principles and Techniques 05
8 Status of Matter: Gases and Liquids 05
9 Thermodynamics 05
10 Equilibrium 06
11 Redox Reaction 04
12 Some p-Block Elements, General introduction to p-Block 05
Elements
13 Hydrocarbons 06
14 Environmental Chemistry 02
TOTAL QUESTIONS &TOTAL MARKS T.Q=26
T.M=70
Total Question in paper =26 including 5 choice questions
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SCHEMATIC DISTRIBUTION OF MARKS
Sr. UNIT 1 2 4 6 TOTAL
No MARK MARK MARK MARK MARK
1 Some Basic Concept of 1 - 1 - 05
Chemistry
2 Structure of Atom - - - 1 06
3 Classification of Elements and 1 2 - - 05
Periodicity in Properties
4 Chemical Bonding and Molecular - - - 1 06
Structure
5 Hydrogen 1 - 1 - 05
6 S-Block Elements (Alkali and 1 - 1 - 05
Alkaline Earth Metals)
7 Organic Chemistry- Some Basic 1 - 1 - 05
Principles and Techniques
8 Status of Matter: Gases and 1 - 1 - 05
Liquids
9 Thermodynamics 1 - 1 - 05
10 Equilibrium - 1 1 - 06
11 Redox Reaction - 2 - - 04
12 Some p-Block Elements, General 1 2 - - 05
introduction to p-Block Elements
13 Hydrocarbons 1 06
14 Environmental Chemistry - 1 - - 02
TOTAL QUESTIONS &TOTAL T.Q=8 T.Q=8 T.Q=7 T.Q=3 T.Q=26
MARKS T.M=8 TM=16 T.M=2 T.M=1 T.M=7
8 8 0
Total Question in paper =26 including 5 choice questions
INSTRUCTIONS FOR PAPER SETTER
Note:
1. There will be one theory paper consisting of total 26 questions.
2. Question no.1 to 8 will be of 1 mark each.There will be 4 questions of the
objective type such as yes/no,multiple choice questions, fill in the blanks.
3. Question no.9 to 16 will be of 2 marks each. There will be 3 numerical
questions of 2 marks each.
4. Question no. 17 to 23 will be of 4 marks each. There will be two four marks
questions of internal choice. These questions should not be lengthy.
5. Question No.24 to 26 will be 6 marks and their will be 100% internal choice in
them. These questions must have two parts: part (a) will be of one mark and
part (b) will be of 5 marks. Part (a) may cover any topic from same unit as of
long 5 marks question of part (b).
6. Questions paper should cover all the syllabus.
7. No question or topic should be repeated in the question paper.
8. Questions in the paper can be asked only from mentioned PSEB syllabus.
Questions from any topic which is not mentioned in the syllabus will be
considered as out of syllabus question.
9. All 3 sets must be of equal standard and difficulty level questions.
10. At the end of each question, paper setter must write detailed distribution of
marks of each sub-question.
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11. Vague, many possible answer questions, confusing answer question etc type of
question will not be asked in the paper. One mark questions, answer should be
of one word or one line only.
12. Language used should be clearly understood & specific.
13. Time and length limit of paper should be kept in mind.
14. Time and length limit of paper should be kept in mind while setting the paper.
15. Questions paper should be made to according to knowledge, understanding and
applications part marks distribution.
SYLLABUS (THEORY)
Unit-I Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry
General introduction: Importance and scope of chemistry. Historical
approach to particulate nature of matter, laws of chemical combination.
Dalton's atomic theory: concept of elements, atoms and molecules.
Atomic and molecular masses. Mole concept and molar mass: percentage
composition, empirical and molecular formula; chemical reactions,
stoichiometry and calculations based on stoichiometry.
Unit-II Structure of Atom
Discovery of electron, proton and neutron; atomic number, isotopes and
isobars. Thomson's model and its limitations, Rutherford's model and its
limitations. Bohr's model and its limitations, concept of shells and
subshells, dual nature of matter and light, De Broglie's relationship,
Heisenberg uncertainty principle, concept of orbitals, quantum numbers,
shapes of s, p, and d orbitals, rules for filling electrons in orbitals -
Aufbau principle, Pauli exclusion principle and Hund's rule, electronic
configuration of atoms, stability of half filled and completely filled
orbitals.
Unit-III Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties
Significance of classification, brief history of the development of periodic
table, modern periodic law and the present form of periodic table,
periodic trends in properties of elements -atomic radii, ionic radii, Inert
gas radii. lonization enthalpy, electron gain enthalpy, electronegativity,
valence, Nomenclature of elements with atomic number greater than
100.
Unit-IV Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure
Valence electrons, ionic bond, bond parameters, covalent bond. Lewis
structure, polar character of covalent bond, covalent character of ionic
bond, valence bond theory. resonance, geometry of covalent molecules,
VSEPR theory, concept of hybridization involving s, p and d orbitals and
shapes of some simple molecules, Molecular orbital theory of
homonuclear diatomic molecules(qualitative idea only), hydrogen bond.
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Unit-V States of Matter: Gases and Liquids
Three states of matter. Intermolecular interactions, types of bonding,
melting and boiling points. Role of gas laws in elucidating the concept of
the molecule, Boyle’s law. Charles' law, Gay Lussac's law, Avogadro's
law. Ideal behaviour, empirical derivation of gas equation, Avogadro's
number. Ideal gas equation. Derivation from ideal behaviour, liquifaction
of gases, critical temperature, kinetic energy and molecular speeds
(elementary idea) derivation from ideal behaviour, liquification of gasses,
critical temperature
Liquid State - Vapour pressure, viscosity and surface tension (qualitative
idea only, no mathematical derivations).
Unit-VI Thermodynamics
Concepts of System, types of systems, surroundings. Work, heat, energy,
extensive and intensive properties, state functions.
First law of thermodynamics - internal energy and enthalpy heat capacity
and specific heat measurement of ∆U and ∆H, Hess's law of constant
heat summation, enthalpy of: bond dissociation, combustion, formation,
atomization, sublimation. Phase transition, ionization, solution and
dilution.
Introduction of entropy as a state function, Gibbs energy change for
spontaneous and non-spontaneous processes, criteria for equilibrium.
Second law of thermodynamics, third law of thermodynamics (Brief
introduction).
Unit-VII Equilibrium
Equilibrium in physical and chemical processes, dynamic nature of
equilibrium, law of mass action, equilibrium constant, factors affecting
equilibrium - Le Chatelier's principle; ionic equilibrium ionization of
acids and bases, strong and weak electrolytes, degree of ionization,
ionization of polybasic acids, acid strength, concept of pH, Henderson
Equation. Hydrolysis of salts (elementary idea). Buffer solutions,
solubility product, common ion effect (with illustrative examples).
Unit-VIII Redox Reactions
Concept of oxidation and reduction, redox reactions, oxidation number,
balancing redox reactions in terms of loss and gain of electrons and
change in oxidation number, application of redox reaction.
Unit-IX Hydrogen
Position of hydrogen in periodic table, occurrence, isotopes, preparation,
properties and uses of hydrogen; hydrides - ionic, covalent and
interstitial; physical and chemical properties of water, heavy water;
hydrogen peroxide-preparation, reactions, structure and use; hydrogen
as a fuel.
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Unit-X S Block Elements (Alkali and Alkaline earth metals)
Group 1 and Group 2 elements
General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence, anomalous
properties of the first element of each group, diagonal relationship,
trends in the variation of properties (such as ionization enthalpy, atomic
and ionic radii), trends in chemical reactivity with oxygen, water,
hydrogen and halogens; uses.
Preparation and properties of some important compounds :
Sodium carbonate, sodium chloride sodium hydroxide and sodium
hydrogen carbonate, biological importance of sodium and potassium.
CaO, CaCO3 and industrial use of lime and limestone, biological
importance of Mg and Ca.
Unit-XI Some p-Block Elements, General introduction to p-Block
Elements
Group 13 elements: General introduction, electronic configurations,
occurrence. Variation of properties, oxidation states, trends in chemical
reactivity, anomalous properties of first element of the group; Boron-
physical and chemical properties, some important compounds: borax, boric
acid, boron hydrides. Aluminium: reactions with acids and alkalies and
uses.
Group 14 elements : General introduction, electronic configurations,
occurrence, variation of properties, oxidation states, trends in chemical
reactivity, anomalous behaviour of first element, Carbon - catenation,
allotropic forms, physical and chemical properties; uses of some important
compounds: oxides.
Important compounds of silicon and a few uses: silicon tetrachloride
silicones, silicates and Zeolites, their uses.
Unit-XII Organic Chemistry Some Basic Principles and Techniques
General introduction, methods of purification, qualitative and quantitative
analysis, classification and IUPAC nomenclature of organic compounds.
Electronic displacements in a covalent bond:- inductive effect, electromeric
effect, resonance and hyper conjugation.
Homolytic and heterolytic fission of a covalent bond: free radicals,
carbocations, carboanion; electrophiles and nucleophiles, types of organic
reactions
Unit-XIII Hydrocarbons
Classification of hydrocarbons
Aliphatic Hydrocarbon
Alkanes Nomenclature isomerism, conformations (ethane only), physical
properties, chemical reactions including, free radical mechanism of
halogenation, combustion and pyrolysis.
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Alkenes - Nomenclature, structure of double bond (ethene) geometrical
isomerism, physical properties, methods of preparation; chemical reactions:
addition of hydrogen, halogen, water, hydrogen halides (Markovnikov's
addition and peroxide effect), ozonolysis, oxidation, mechanism of
electrophilic addition.
Alkynes – Nomenclature, structure of triple bond (ethyne), physical
properties.
Methods of preparation, chemical reactions: acidic character of alkynes,
addition reaction of - hydrogen, halogens, hydrogen halides and water.
Aromatic hydrocarbons: Introduction, IUPAC nomenclature: Benzene;
resonance aromaticity: chemical properties: mechanism of electrophilic
substitution. – nitration sulphonation, halogenation, Friedel Craft's
alkylation and acylation: directive influence of functional group in mono-
substituted benzene; carcinogenicity and toxicity.
Unit-XIV Environmental Chemistry
Environmental pollution - air, water and soil pollution, chemical reactions in
atmosphere, smog, major atmospheric pollutants; acid rain, ozone and its
reactions, effects of depletion of ozone layer; greenhouse effect and global
warming - pollution due to industrial wastes: green chemistry as an alternative
tool for reducing pollution, strategy for control of environmental pollution.
STRUCTURE OF QUESTION PAPER (PRACTICAL)
Time: 3.00 hrs. Marks: 20
1. Volumetric Analysis 06
2. Salt Analysis 05
3. Content based experiment 05
4. Class record and Viva 04
Total Marks 20
PRACTICAL SYLLABUS
Micro Chemical Methods are available for several of the practical
experiments where ever possible such techniques should be used.
A. Basic Laboratory Techniques
a. Cutting glass tube and glass rod
b. Bending a glass tube
c. Drawing out a glass jet
d. Boring a cork
B. Experiments related to pH change
a. Anyone of the following experiments:
• Determination of pH of some solutions obtained from fruit
juices, solution of known and varied concentrations of acids,
bases and salts using pH paper or universal indicator.
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• Comparing the pH of solutions of strong and weak acid of same
concentration.
• Study the pH change in the titration of a strong base using
Universal indicator.
b. Study of pH change by common-ion effect in case of weak acids
and weak bases.
C. Qualitative Analysis
Determination of one anion and one cation in a given salt
Cations- Pb2+, Cu+2, As3+, A13+, Fe3+, Mn2+, Ni2+, Zn2+, Co2+ Ca2+, Sr2+, Ba2+,
Mg2+, NH4+
Anions-
2− 2− 2− − − 3− 2−
CO 3 , S 2− , SO 3 , SO 4 , NO 2 , NO 3 , Cl − , Br − , I − , PO 4 , C 2 O 4 , CH 3 COO −
(Note: insoluble salts excluded)
D. Detection of nitrogen, sulphur, chlorine in organic compounds.
PROJECTS
• Investigation of foaming capacity of different washing soaps and the
effect of addition of Sodium carbonate on them.
• Study of the acidity of different samples of the tea leaves.
• Determination of the rate of evaporation of different liquids.
• Study of the effect of acids and bases on the tensile strength of fibers.
• Analysis of fruit and vegetable juices for their acidity.
Note: Any other investigatory project, which involves about 10 period of
work can be chosen with the approval of the teacher.
A. Characterization and purification of chemical substances
1. Determination of melting point of an organic compound
2. Determination of boiling point of an organic compound
3. Crystallization of impure sample of anyone of the following: Alum,
copper sulphate, Benzoic acid.
B. Chemical Equilibrium
One of the following experiments:
a) Study the shift in equilibrium between ferric ions and thiocyanate
ions by increasing/decreasing the concentration of either ions.
b) Study the shift in equilibrium between [Co(H2O)6]2+ and chloride ions
by changing he concentration of either of the ions.
C. Quantitative Estimation
• Using a chemical balance.
• Preparation of standard solution of oxalic acid.
• Determination of strength of a given solution of sodium hydroxide by
titrating it against standard solution of oxalic acid.
• Preparation of standard solution of sodium carbonate.
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• Determination of strength of a given solution of hydrochloric acid by
titrating it against standard sodium carbonate solution.
PROJECT
Scientific Investigations involving A few suggested Projects
● Checking the bacterial contamination in drinking water by testing
sulphide ion. Study of the methods of p.
● Testing the hardness, presence of iron floride, chloride etc. depending
upon the regional variation in drinking water and the study of causes
of presence of these ions above permissible limit (if any).
● Study the method of purification of water.
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