CHAPTER 1.
2:
INTERNET AND ITS SERVICES
Global Village
Internet
❑ The internet is worldwide collection of computer networks (LANs,
MANs, WANs) and gateways that use TCP/IP set of protocols to
communicate with one another using telephone lines modems or
satellites.
❑ Internet is network of networks.
❑ There are millions of powerful computers (servers) to provide data,
information, files, programs and other services to the client computers.
❑ Home computer can be connected using a phone line and a modem to ISP
Internet Map
Services and Terms of the Internet
Components required to use internet:
❑ A set of computer
❑ A modem and regular telephone line or broadband internet connection.
❑ An account in ISP to access the internet host. (Internet Account)
❑ A communication software for example: Internet Explorer, Netscape Navigator,
Mozilla Firefox or Opera etc. (Web Browser)
❑ An ISP (Internet Service Provider) provides facility of the internet to users. (MOS,
WLINK, NTC etc)
❑ Connect with the ISP through telephone line, radio modem, cable line, satellite etc
Internet
❑ Advance Research Projects Agency (ARPA) of Department of Defense of the
United States had developed a communications network “ARPANET”
❑ 1970s – 1980s ARPANET was restricted to military personal and the
researchers who developed the technology. (Administrated by the National
Science Foundation (NSF).
❑ In 1980s the NSF developed an “acceptable use policy” and allowed faculty
at universities to use Internet.
❑ By 1995, the NSF stopped the administration of the Internet and open to all.
Services and Terms of the Internet
❑ WWW ❑ Internet Telephony
❑ E-mail ❑ Web site
❑ Chat ❑ Web pages
❑ E-Fax ❑ Browser
❑ Video Conference ❑ Web server
❑ E-Commerce ❑ Domain name
❑ File transferring ❑ Home page
❑ Telenet ❑ ISP( Internet Service Provider) Firewall
❑ Newsgroup
WWW
❑ One of the services provided by Internet.
❑ The interlinked collection of information (documents & multimedia
contents)
❑ Also known as web.
❑ Information are presented by using text, pictures, audio, video and
animations from anywhere in the world.
Advantages of WWW
❑ A link in a web document can be used to open other documents.
❑ Web pages can contain pictures, buttons and even links to sound files in
addition to text, thus allowing multimedia applications.
❑ Sophisticated web document allow users to interact with applications
through dialog boxes and forms.
Services and Terms of the Internet
❑ Web site: Website is a location of the web pages created by any
organizations, universities and government agencies to provide information
regarding them like: http://www.sxg.edu.np etc. Each website has its own
address that is also called internet address.
❑ Web pages: Webpage is a collection of information that is stored in
website. The www consists of huge collection of documents with related
website called webpage. Webpage provides vast collection of information
of related websites.
Services and Terms of the Internet
❑ Browser: Browser is client software that allows the users to display and
interact with the web page. For example: Internet Explorer, Netscape
Navigator, Mozilla Firefox or Opera etc.
❑ Web server: web server is a location on which the web pages are kept. It
is a server computer that responds to requests from web browsers to
relative resources.
❑ Domain name: It is a name of specific internet area controlled by any
organization, company or government. (.com, .gov, .edu, .mil, .net, .org, .biz)
Services and Terms of the Internet
❑ Home page: The home page is the first hypertext document regarding the
web address displayed when a user connects to any web server.
❑ ISP( Internet Service Provider) : A company that provides individuals or
companies access to the internet and the world wide web is called ISP.
❑ Firewall: software or hardware that limits the certain kinds of access to a
computer from the internal network or external network.
E-Mail:
❑ E-mail stands for electronic mail. Most widely used feature on the internet.
❑ Sending & receiving messages electronically through the internet- E-mail.
❑ We can exchange any message with the people around the world.
❑ It is very easy and quick means of communication available in the
computer world.
❑ Mail program like Eudora, Outlook Express, Netscape Navigator etc.
❑ Web base program like Yahoomail, Hotmail and Gmail.
E-mail address:
❑ Each E-mail address is identified by a unique name is called E-mail
It has five parts they are as follows:
❑ sxgodavari , srajkc: User’s name
❑ @ (At the rate) : A separator symbol
❑ Yahoo, wlink : ISP address or domain name
❑ .com or .edu or .net : commercial or educational groups
❑ .np : Country code
Advantages of E-mail
❑ It is cheapest and fastest means of communication and as compared our
conventional postal mail.
❑ It is more reliable than postal mail.
❑ E-mail can be accessed from any part of the world and at any time.
❑ Information can be share globally.
❑ We can send photos, songs, video clips and other file with e-mail
attachments.
❑ A single mail can be send to multiple people at a time.
E-fax:
❑ E-fax stands for electronic fax.
❑ It is very powerful desktop application that allows us to send and receive
faxes directly on our computer.
Different between E-mail and E-fax:
E-mail E-fax
1. It is very cheap. 1. It takes more cost than E-mail.
2. Message first goes to the local 2. Message first goes to the internet
server. server and then to its destination.
3. Message is to be stored in the hard 3. Message directly goes to print in
disk of the destination computer the printer of the destination
(server). computer.
E-fax:
Chat:
❑ The Internet Relay Chat (IRC) or Chat is one of the services of the internet
❑ To use the chat service, a computer should have chat program like Yahoo,
MSN, etc.
❑ Chatting can be done when both sender and receiver are physically present
on the line.
❑ We can do text chatting as well as voice.
Video Conference:
❑ One of the most advanced services of Internet.
❑ It enables virtual face-to-face communication.
❑ Used mostly in TV shows, video conferences and videos workshops.
E-commerce
❑ Buying and selling goods through Internet is known as Electronic
commerce.
❑ Some of the popular E-commerce sites are : www.muncha.com.np,
www.ebay.com, wwwamazon.com, www.kinmel.com.np
File Transferring
❑ User can download files from the FTP sites.
❑ It is very fast method of downloading huge amount of data from the
Internet.
Telenet
❑ It is networking over the telephone/internet.
❑ It allows a remote computers so that the person can use computer from
other location.
❑ User can use remote computer and access everything remotely.
Internet Telephony
❑ Internet telephone service, also
known as voice over Internet protocol
(VOIP).
❑ Allows you to make long distance,
local and international calls from your
computer.
❑ Internet telephone services are
typically cheaper then a land line
phone service, which has caused them
to be a popular alternative.
Newsgroup
❑ Newsgroup is a topic specific forum
❑ It is like an electronic public notice
board
❑ where people can post questions,
news and comments or read and
respond to such postings.
INTRANET
❑ An intranet is a private computer network owned by a company.
❑ Accessible only to its employees.
❑ Uses internet protocols.
Features of the intranet are:
1. It runs on private networks within a company and its branch offices.
2. It is closely related to the internet.
3. Powerful tool for communication within an organization
4. It helps the employees to find and view information and applications
relevant to their responsibilities with in the organization.
INTRANET
THANK YOU
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