Simple Machine Test Paper
Objective Questions
1. State whether the following statements are True or False.
(a) A boy does work while pushing a wall. _____________
(b) A machine performs work by itself. __________________
(c) In an ideal machine, work done on load is equal to the work done by effort.
_______________________
(d) All levers are force multipliers________________________
(e) A pulley changes the direction of force. _________________________
(f) An inclined plane always has the mechanical advantage more than 1.
______________
2. Fill in the blanks
(a) The useful work done by an actual machine is always __________than the
work done on the machine.
(b) In class ________levers, the load is in between fulcrum and ___________
(c) The mechanical advantage of class _________ lever is always less than 1.
(d) A pulley is used to change the direction of ______________
(e) Mechanical advantage of an inclined plane is always _______________.
3. Match the following
4. Select the correct alternatives
(a) For an ideal machine, the efficiency is
1. greater than unity
2. less than unity
3. equal to unity
4. depends on the value of load
(b) Mechanical advantage of a machine is defined as:
1. Load X Effort
2. Load / Effort
3. Load + Effort
4. Effort / Load
(c) The mechanical advantage of a lever is equal to:
1. Load arm / Effort arm
2. Effort arm / Load arm
3. Load arm + Effort arm
4. Load arn — Effort arm
(d) A pulley is used because it
1. has the mechanical advantage greater than one
2. has 100% efficiency
3. helps to apply the force in a convenient direction
4. requires more effort to raise a less load.
(e) Wheel is used with axle because
sliding friction is less than the rolling friction
rolling friction is less than the sliding friction
they work as the inclined plane
They help us to change the direction of force.
B. Short/Long Answer Questions
Question 1.
When is work said to be done by a force ?
Answer:
Question 2.
What is energy ?
Answer:
Question 3.
What do you understand by a machine ?
Answer:
Question 4.
What is the principle on which a machine works ?
Answer:
Question 5.
State two functions of a machine.
Answer:
Question 6.
Name six simple machines. Give an example of each machine.
Answer:
Question 7.
Define the term ‘work input’ and ‘work output’ in relation to a machine.
Answer:
Question 8.
Explain the term mechanical advantage of a machine.
Question 9.
Define the term efficiency of a machine.
Answer:
Question 10.
What is an ideal machine ?
Answer:
Question 11.
Can a machine have an efficiency of 100% ? Give a reason to support your
answer.
Answer:
Question 12.
A machine is 75% efficient’. What do you understand by this statement ?
Answer:
Question 13.
What is a lever ?
Answer:
Question 14.
Describe three orders of levers giving an example of each. Draw neat
diagrams showing the positions of fulcrum, load and effort in each kind of
lever.
Answer:
Question 15.
What do you mean by the mechanical advantage of a lever ?
Answer:
Question 16.
Which class of lever has the mechanical advantage always more than 1 ?
Give an example.
Answer:
Question 17.
Which class of lever has the mechanical advantage always less than 1 ?
Give an example.
Answer:
Question 18.
Give one example of class I lever in each case where the mechanical
advantage is
more than 1
equal to 1
less than 1.
Answer:
more than 1:
equal to 1:
less than 1:
Question 19.
Name the class to which the following levers belong:
Answer:
(a) A pair of scissors —
(b) a lemon squeezer —
(c) a nut cracker
(d) a pair of sugar tongs —
(e) a beam balance —
(f) an oar rowing a boat —
(g) a wheel barrow —
(h) a see saw —
(i) a pair of pilers —
(j) a crow bar —
Question 20.
The diagram given below shows the three kinds of levers. Name the class of
each lever and give one example of each class.
Question 21.
Draw diagrams to illustrate the positions of fulcrum, load and effort, in each
of the following:
(a) a see saw
(b) a beam balance
(c) a nut cracker
(d) a pair of forceps
Question 22.
How can you increase the mechanical advantage of a lever ?
Answer:
Question 23.
How does the friction at the fulcrum affect the mechanical advantage of the
lever ?
Answer:
Question 24.
State three differences between the three classes of levers.
Answer:
Question 25.
What is a pulley ?
Answer:
Question 26.
What is the mechanical advantage of an ideal pulley ?
Answer:
Question 27.
The mechanical advantage of an actual pulley is less than 1.
Give a reason. What is the justification for using the pulley then ?
Question 28.
Draw a neat labelled diagram showing a pulley being used to lift a load.
How are load and effort related in an ideal situation?
Answer:
Question 29.
What is an inclined plane? What is its use ? Give two examples where ¡t is
used.
Answer:
Question 30.
What is a screw ? Give two examples.
Answer:
Question 31.
What is wheel and axle ? Give two examples.
Answer:
Question 32.
How does a wheel help in moving the axle ?
Answer:
Question 33.
What is a wedge ? Give two examples.
Answer:
Question 34.
Name the machine to which the following belong :
Beam balance —
Lemon crusher —
Sugar tongs —
Ramp —
Door knob —
Needle —
Question 35.
What care would you take to increase the life span of a machine which you
use ?
Question 36.
Select the correct statement :
(a) A wheel barrow is a lever of class I.
(b) The efficiency of a machine is always 100%
(c) Friction in moving parts of a machine reduces its efficiency.
(d) No lever has the mechanical advantage greater than 1.
(e) It is easier to lift a load vertically up than to push it along an inclined
plane.
(f) A screw is made by two inclined planes placed together.
C. Numericals
Question 1.
In a machine an effort of 10 kgf is applied to lift a load of 100 kgf.
What is its mechanical advantage ?
Answer:
Given,
Question 2.
The mechanical advantage of a machine is 5. How much load it can exert for
the effort of 2 kgf ?
Question 3.
The mechanical advantage of a machine is 2. It is used to raise a load of 15
kgf. What effort is needed ?
Question 4.
A lever of length 100 cm has effort of 15 kgf at a distance of 40 cm from the
fulcrum at one end. What load can be applied at its other end ?
Question 5.
In a lever, fulcrum is at one end at a distance of 30 cm from the load and effort
is at the other end at a distance of 90 cm from the load. Find :
(a) the length of load arm,
(b) the length of effort arm, and
(c) the mechanical advantage of the lever.
Answer: