SILVERLINE PRESTIGE SCHOOL

CLASS – XI MATHEMATICS
SETS, RELATION AND FUNCTIONS

1. If 𝐴 = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}, 𝐵 = {4, 5, 6, 7, 8}, 𝐶 = {7, 8, 9, 10, 11} and 𝐷 = {10, 11, 12, 13, 14}. Find:
i. 𝐴 ∪ 𝐵 (Ans. {𝟏, 𝟐, 𝟑, 𝟒, 𝟓, 𝟔, 𝟕, 𝟖})
ii. 𝐴 ∪ 𝐶 (Ans. {𝟏, 𝟐, 𝟑, 𝟒, 𝟓, 𝟔, 𝟕, 𝟖, 𝟗, 𝟏𝟎, 𝟏𝟏})
iii. 𝐵 ∪ 𝐶 (Ans. {𝟒, 𝟓, 𝟔, 𝟕, 𝟖, 𝟗, 𝟏𝟎, 𝟏𝟏})
iv. 𝐵 ∪ 𝐷 (Ans. {𝟒, 𝟓, 𝟔, 𝟕, 𝟖, 𝟏𝟎, 𝟏𝟏, 𝟏𝟐, 𝟏𝟑, 𝟏𝟒})
v. 𝐴 ∪ 𝐵 ∪ 𝐶 (Ans. {𝟏, 𝟐, 𝟑, 𝟒, 𝟓, 𝟔, 𝟕, 𝟖, 𝟗, 𝟏𝟎, 𝟏𝟏})
vi. 𝐴 ∪ 𝐵 ∪ 𝐷 (Ans. {𝟏, 𝟐, 𝟑, 𝟒, 𝟓, 𝟔, 𝟕, 𝟖, 𝟏𝟎, 𝟏𝟏, 𝟏𝟐, 𝟏𝟑, 𝟏𝟒})
vii. 𝐵 ∪ 𝐶 ∪ 𝐷 (Ans. {𝟒, 𝟓, 𝟔, 𝟕, 𝟖, 𝟗, 𝟏𝟎, 𝟏𝟏, 𝟏𝟐, 𝟏𝟑, 𝟏𝟒})
viii. 𝐴 ∩ (𝐵 ∪ 𝐶 ) (Ans. {𝟒, 𝟓})
ix. (𝐴 ∩ 𝐵) ∩ (𝐵 ∩ 𝐶 ) (Ans. ∅)
x. (𝐴 ∪ 𝐷) ∩ (𝐵 ∪ 𝐶 ) (Ans. {𝟒, 𝟓, 𝟏𝟎, 𝟏𝟏})

2. Let 𝐴 = {3, 6, 12, 15, 18, 21}, 𝐵 = {4, 8, 12, 16, 20}, 𝐶 = {2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16} and 𝐷 =
{5, 10, 15, 20}. Find:
i. 𝐴 − 𝐵 (Ans. {𝟑, 𝟔, 𝟏𝟓, 𝟏𝟖, 𝟐𝟏})
ii. 𝐴 − 𝐶 (Ans. {𝟑, 𝟏𝟓, 𝟏𝟖, 𝟐𝟏})
iii. 𝐴 − 𝐷 (Ans. {𝟑, 𝟔, 𝟏𝟐, 𝟏𝟖, 𝟐𝟏})
iv. 𝐵 − 𝐴 (Ans. {𝟒, 𝟖, 𝟏𝟔, 𝟐𝟎})
v. 𝐶 − 𝐴 (Ans. {𝟐, 𝟒, 𝟖, 𝟏𝟎, 𝟏𝟒, 𝟏𝟔})
vi. 𝐷 − 𝐴 (Ans {𝟓, 𝟏𝟎, 𝟐𝟎})
vii. 𝐵 − 𝐶 (Ans. {𝟐𝟎})
viii. 𝐵 − 𝐷 (Ans. {𝟒, 𝟖, 𝟏𝟐, 𝟏𝟔})

3. Let 𝒰 = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}, 𝐴 = {1, 2, 3, 4}, 𝐵 = {2, 4, 6, 8} and 𝐶 = {3, 4, 5, 6}. Find:
i. 𝐴′ (Ans. {𝟓, 𝟔, 𝟕, 𝟖, 𝟗})
ii. 𝐵′ (Ans. {𝟏, 𝟑, 𝟓, 𝟕, 𝟗})
′
iii. (𝐴 ∩ 𝐶 ) (Ans. {𝟏, 𝟐, 𝟓, 𝟔, 𝟕, 𝟖, 𝟗})
iv. (𝐴 ∪ 𝐵)′ (Ans. {𝟓, 𝟕, 𝟗})
′
v. (𝐴′) (Ans. 𝑨)
′
vi. 𝐵 − 𝐶
( ) (Ans. 𝟏, 𝟑, 𝟒, 𝟓, 𝟔, 𝟕, 𝟗})
{

4. Let 𝒰 = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}, 𝐴 = {2, 4, 6, 8} and 𝐵 = {2, 3, 5, 7}. Verify that:

i. (𝐴 ∪ 𝐵)′ = 𝐴′ ∩ 𝐵′ ii. (𝐴 ∩ 𝐵)′ = 𝐴′ ∪ 𝐵′

5. Suppose 𝐴1 , 𝐴2 , … 𝐴30 are thirty sets each with five elements and 𝐵1 , 𝐵2 , … , 𝐵𝑛 are 𝑛 sets each with three
elements. Let ⋃30 𝑛
𝑖=1 𝐴𝑖 = ⋃𝑗=1 𝐵𝑗 = 𝑆. Assume that each element of 𝑆 belongs to exactly ten of the 𝐴𝑖 ′𝑠
and exactly 9 of 𝐵𝑗 ′𝑠. Find 𝑛. (Ans. 𝒏 = 𝟒𝟓)

6. Let 𝐴, 𝐵 and 𝐶 be the sets such that 𝐴 ∪ 𝐵 = 𝐴 ∪ 𝐶 and 𝐴 ∩ 𝐵 = 𝐴 ∩ 𝐶. Show that 𝐵 = 𝐶.

7. Let 𝐴 and 𝐵 be sets, if 𝐴 ∩ 𝑋 = 𝐵 ∩ 𝑋 = ∅ and 𝐴 ∪ 𝑋 = 𝐵 ∪ 𝑋 for some set 𝑋, prove that 𝐴 = 𝐵.

8. If 𝑆 and 𝑇 are two sets such that 𝑆 has 21 elements, 𝑇 has 32 elements, and 𝑆 ∩ 𝑇 has 11 elements, how
many elements does 𝑆 ∪ 𝑇 have? (Ans. 𝟒𝟐 𝒆𝒍𝒆𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒔)
 SILVERLINE PRESTIGE SCHOOL
9. If 𝑋 and Υ are two sets such that 𝑋 ∪ Υ has 18 elements 𝑋 has 8 elements and Υ has 15 elements, how
many elements does 𝑋 ∩ Υ have? (Ans. 𝟓 𝒆𝒍𝒆𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒔)

10. If 𝐴 and 𝐵 are two sets such that 𝑛(𝐴) = 17, 𝑛(𝐵) = 23 and 𝑛(𝐴 ∪ 𝐵) = 38, find
i. 𝑛(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵) (Ans. 𝟐) ii. 𝑛(𝐴 − 𝐵) (Ans. 𝟏𝟓) iii. 𝑛(𝐵 − 𝐴) (Ans. 𝟐𝟏)
iv. number of elements in exactly one of 𝐴 and 𝐵. (Ans. 𝟑𝟔)

11. Let 𝐴 and 𝐵 be two sets such that 𝑛(𝐴) = 35, 𝑛(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵) = 11 and 𝑛((𝐴 ∪ 𝐵)′) = 17. If 𝑛(𝒰) = 57,
find:
i. 𝑛(𝐵) (Ans. 𝟏𝟔) ii. 𝑛(𝐴 − 𝐵) (Ans. 𝟐𝟒) iii. 𝑛(𝐵 − 𝐴) (Ans. 𝟓)

12. In a group of 400 people, 250 can speak Hindi and 200 can speak English. How many can speak both
Hindi and English? (Ans. 𝟓𝟎)

13. In a class of 35 students, 24 like to play cricket and 16 like to play football. Also, each student likes to
play at least one of the two games. How many students like to play both cricket and football? (Ans. 𝟓)

14. If 𝐴 and 𝐵 are two sets and 𝒰 is the universal set such that 𝑛(𝒰) = 700, 𝑛(𝐴) = 200, 𝑛(𝐵) = 300 and
𝑛(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵) = 100. Find 𝑛(𝐴′ ∩ 𝐵′). (Ans. 𝟑𝟎𝟎)

15. Out of 500 car owners investigated, 400 owned car 𝐴 and 200 owned car 𝐵, 50 owned both 𝐴 and 𝐵
cars. Is this data correct? (Ans. 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒈𝒊𝒗𝒆𝒏 𝒅𝒂𝒕𝒂 𝒊𝒔 𝒊𝒏𝒄𝒐𝒓𝒓𝒆𝒄𝒕)

16. In a group of 50 people, 35 speak Hindi, 25 speak both English and Hindi and all the people speak at
least one of the two languages. How many people speak only English and not Hindi? How many people
speak English? (Ans. 𝟒𝟎)

17. There are 40 students in a Chemistry class and 60 students in a Physics class. Find the number of
students which are either in Physics class or Chemistry class in the following cases:
i. the two classes meet at the same hour. (Ans. 𝟏𝟎𝟎)
ii. the two classes meet at different hours and 20 students are enrolled in both the subjects. (Ans. 𝟖𝟎)

18. There are 200 individuals with a skin disorder, 120 has been exposed to chemical 𝐶1 , 50 to chemical 𝐶2
and 30 to both the chemicals 𝐶1 and 𝐶2 . Find the number of individuals exposed to
i. chemical 𝐶1 or chemical 𝐶2 (Ans. 𝟏𝟒𝟎)
ii. chemical 𝐶1 but not chemical 𝐶2 (Ans. 𝟗𝟎)
iii. chemical 𝐶2 but not chemical 𝐶1 (Ans. 𝟐𝟎)

19. A survey shows that 63% of the Americans like cheese whereas 76% like apples. If 𝑥% of the Americans
like both cheese and apples, find the value of 𝑥. (Ans. 𝟑𝟗 ≤ 𝒙 ≤ 𝟔𝟑)

20. In a survey of 25 students, it was found that 15 had taken Mathematics, 12 had taken Physics and 11
had taken Chemistry, 5 had taken Mathematics and Chemistry, 9 had taken Mathematics and Physics, 4
had taken Physics and Chemistry and 3 had taken all the three subjects. Find the number of students that
had taken
i. only Chemistry (Ans. 𝟓)
ii. only Mathematics (Ans. 𝟒)
iii. only Physics (Ans. 𝟐)
iv. Physics and Chemistry but not Mathematics (Ans. 𝟏)
v. Mathematics and Physics but not Chemistry (Ans. 𝟔)
 SILVERLINE PRESTIGE SCHOOL
vi. only one of the subjects (Ans. 𝟏𝟏)
vii. at least one of the three subjects (Ans. 𝟐𝟑)
viii. none of the subjects (Ans. 𝟐)

21. If 𝑃 and 𝑄 are two sets such that 𝑃 has 40 elements, 𝑃 ∪ 𝑄 has 60 elements and 𝑃 ∩ 𝑄 has 10 elements,
how many elements does 𝑄 have? (Ans. 𝟑𝟎)

22. In a school there are 20 teachers who teach mathematics or physics. Of these, 12 teach mathematics and
4 teach physics and mathematics. How many teach physics? (Ans. 𝟏𝟐)

23. In a survey of 60 people, it was found that 25 people read newspaper 𝐻, 26 read newspaper 𝑇, 26 read
newspaper 𝐼, 9 read both 𝐻 and 𝐼, 11 read both 𝐻 and 𝑇, 8 read both 𝑇 and 𝐼, 3 read all three newspapers.
Find:
i. the numbers of people who read at least one of the newspapers. (Ans. 𝟓𝟐)
ii. the number of people who read exactly one newspaper. (Ans. 𝟑𝟎)

24. In a survey it was found that 21 persons liked product 𝑃1 , 26 liked product 𝑃2 and 29 liked product 𝑃3 .
If 14 persons liked products 𝑃1 and 𝑃2 ; 12 persons liked product 𝑃3 and 𝑃1 ; 14 persons liked products
𝑃2 and 𝑃3 and 8 liked all the three products. Find how many liked product 𝑃3 only. (Ans. 𝟏𝟏)

25. The cartesian product 𝐴 × 𝐴 has 9 elements among which are found (−1, 0) and (0, 1). Find the set 𝐴
and the remaining elements of 𝐴 × 𝐴. (Ans. (−𝟏, −𝟏), (−𝟏, 𝟏), (𝟎, −𝟏), (𝟎, 𝟎), (𝟏, −𝟏), (𝟏, 𝟎), (𝟏, 𝟏))

26. Let 𝐴 and 𝐵 be two sets such that 𝑛(𝐴) = 5 and 𝑛(𝐵) = 2. If 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐, 𝑑, 𝑒 are distinct and
(𝑎, 2), (𝑏, 3), (𝑐, 2), (𝑑, 3), (𝑒, 2) are in 𝐴 × 𝐵, find 𝐴 and 𝐵. (Ans. 𝑨 = {𝒂, 𝒃, 𝒄, 𝒅, 𝒆}, 𝑩 = {𝟐, 𝟑})

27. If 𝐴 and 𝐵 are two sets having 3 elements in common. If 𝑛(𝐴) = 5, 𝑛(𝐵) = 4, find 𝑛(𝐴 × 𝐵) and
𝑛[(𝐴 × 𝐵) ∩ (𝐵 × 𝐴)]. (Ans. 𝒏(𝑨 × 𝑩) = 𝟐𝟎, 𝒏[(𝑨 × 𝑩) ∩ (𝑩 × 𝑨)] = 𝟗)

28. If 𝑎 ∈ {−1, 2, 3, 4, 5} and 𝑏 ∈ {0, 3, 6}, write the set of all ordered pairs (𝑎, 𝑏) such that 𝑎 + 𝑏 = 5.
(Ans. {(−𝟏, 𝟔), (𝟐, 𝟑), (𝟓, 𝟎)})

29. Let 𝐴 = {1, 3, 5, 7} and 𝐵 = {2, 4, 6, 8} be two sets and let 𝑅 be a relation from 𝐴 to 𝐵 defined by the
phrase ′′(𝑥, 𝑦) ∈ 𝑅 ⟺ 𝑥 > 𝑦′′. Under this relation 𝑅, we obtain 3𝑅2, 5𝑅2, 5𝑅4, 7𝑅2, 7𝑅4 and 7𝑅6.

30. If 𝑅 is a relation from set 𝐴 = {2, 4, 5} to set 𝐵 = {1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8} defined by 𝑥𝑅𝑦 ⟺ 𝑥 divides 𝑦.
i. Write 𝑅 as a set of ordered pairs (Ans. 𝑹 = {(𝟐, 𝟐), (𝟐, 𝟒), (𝟐, 𝟔), (𝟐, 𝟖), (𝟒, 𝟒), (𝟒, 𝟖)})
ii. Find the domain and the range of 𝑅. (Ans. 𝑫𝒐𝒎𝒂𝒊𝒏 = {𝟐, 𝟒}, 𝑹 = {𝟐, 𝟒, 𝟔, 𝟖})

31. Let 𝐴 be the set of the first ten natural numbers and let 𝑅 be a relation on 𝐴 defined by (𝑥, 𝑦) ∈ 𝑅 ⟺
𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 10 i.e. 𝑅 = {(𝑥 + 𝑦) ∶ 𝑥 ∈ 𝐴, 𝑦 ∈ 𝐴 and 𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 10}. Express 𝑅 and 𝑅−1 as sets of ordered
pairs. Also, determine
i. domains of 𝑅 and 𝑅 −1 (Ans. 𝑫𝒐𝒎𝒂𝒊𝒏𝒔 = {𝟐, 𝟒, 𝟔, 𝟖} = 𝑹𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒆 (𝑹−𝟏 ))
ii. ranges of 𝑅 and 𝑅−1 . (Ans. 𝑹 = {𝟒, 𝟑, 𝟐, 𝟏} = 𝑫𝒐𝒎𝒂𝒊𝒏(𝑹−𝟏 ))

32. If 𝑅 is the relation ′′𝑙𝑒𝑠𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑛′′ from 𝐴 = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} to 𝐵 = {1, 4, 5}, write down the set of ordered
pairs corresponding to 𝑅. Find the inverse of 𝑅.
(Ans. 𝑹 = {(𝟏, 𝟒), (𝟏, 𝟓), (𝟐, 𝟒), (𝟐, 𝟓), (𝟑, 𝟒), (𝟑, 𝟓), (𝟒, 𝟓)},
𝑹−𝟏 = {(𝟒, 𝟏), (𝟓, 𝟏), (𝟒, 𝟐), (𝟓, 𝟐), (𝟒, 𝟑), (𝟓, 𝟑), (𝟓, 𝟒)} = {(𝒙, 𝒚) ∶ 𝒙 ∈ 𝑩, 𝒚 ∈ 𝑨} and 𝒙 > 𝒚})
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33. Let 𝑅 be the relation on the set 𝑁 of natural numbers defined by
𝑅 = {(𝑎, 𝑏) ∶ 𝑎 + 3𝑏 = 12, 𝑎 ∈ 𝑁, 𝑏 ∈ 𝑁 }. Find:
i. 𝑅 (Ans. 𝑹 = {(𝟗, 𝟏), (𝟔, 𝟐), (𝟑, 𝟑)})
ii. Domain of 𝑅 (Ans. {𝟗, 𝟔, 𝟑})
iii. Range of 𝑅 (Ans. {𝟏, 𝟐, 𝟑})

34. Let 𝑅 be the relation on the set 𝑍 of all integers defined by (𝑥, 𝑦) ∈ 𝑅 ⇒ 𝑥 − 𝑦 is divisible by 𝑛. Prove
that:
i. (𝑥, 𝑥 ) ∈ 𝑅 for all 𝑥 ∈ 𝑍
ii. (𝑥, 𝑦) ∈ 𝑅 ⇒ (𝑦, 𝑥 ) ∈ 𝑅 for all 𝑥, 𝑦 ∈ 𝑍
iii. (𝑥, 𝑦) ∈ 𝑅 and (𝑦, 𝑧) ∈ 𝑅 ⇒ (𝑥, 𝑧) ∈ 𝑅 for all 𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧 ∈ 𝑅

35. Let 𝑓 ∶ 𝑅 → 𝑅 be given by 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 𝑥 2 + 3. Find:

i. {𝑥 ∶ 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 28} (Ans. {−𝟓, 𝟓})
ii. the pre-images of 39 and 2 under 𝑓.
(Ans. −𝟔, 𝟔 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝟐 𝒅𝒐𝒆𝒔 𝒏𝒐𝒕 𝒉𝒂𝒗𝒆 𝒂𝒏𝒚 𝒑𝒓𝒆 − 𝒊𝒎𝒂𝒈𝒆 𝒖𝒏𝒅𝒆𝒓 𝒇)

1 1
36. If 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 + 𝑥 , prove that {𝑓(𝑥 )}3 = 𝑓(𝑥 3 ) + 3 𝑓 (𝑥).

𝑥2
37. Let 𝑓 = {(𝑥, 1 + 𝑥 2) : 𝑥 ∈ 𝑅} be a function from 𝑅 into 𝑅. Determine the range of 𝑓. (Ans. {𝟎, 𝟏})

1
38. Find the domain and range of the function 𝑓 = {(𝑥 ∶ 1 − 𝑥 2 ) : 𝑥 ∈ 𝑅, 𝑥 ≠ ±1}.
(Ans. 𝒅𝒐𝒎𝒂𝒊𝒏 (𝒇) = 𝑹 − {−𝟏, 𝟏}, 𝒓𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒆 (𝒇) = (−∞, 𝟎) ∪ [𝟏, ∞))

39. Find the domain of each of the following functions given by

1
i. 𝑓 (𝑥) = (Ans. 𝒅𝒐𝒎𝒂𝒊𝒏 (𝒇) = ∅)
|𝑥|
√𝑥 −
1
ii. 𝑓 (𝑥) = (Ans. 𝒅𝒐𝒎𝒂𝒊𝒏 (𝒇) = (𝟎, ∞))
√𝑥 + |𝑥|
1
iii. 𝑓 (𝑥) = (Ans. 𝒅𝒐𝒎𝒂𝒊𝒏 (𝒇) = 𝑹 − 𝒁)
√𝑥 − [𝑥]
1
iv. 𝑓 (𝑥) = (Ans. 𝒅𝒐𝒎𝒂𝒊𝒏 (𝒇) = (𝟎, ∞))
√𝑥 + [𝑥]

40. Find the domain and range of each of the following functions given by
1
i. 𝑓 (𝑥) = (Ans. 𝒅𝒐𝒎𝒂𝒊𝒏 (𝒇) = 𝑹 − 𝒁, 𝑹𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒆 (𝒇) = (𝟏, ∞))
√𝑥 − [𝑥]
ii. 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 1 − |𝑥 − 3| (Ans. 𝒅𝒐𝒎𝒂𝒊𝒏 (𝒇) = 𝑹, 𝑹𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒆 (𝒇) = (−∞, 𝟏])