Human Resource Management (HRM)

is an operation in organizations designed

to maximize employee performance in
Introduction order to meet the employer's strategic
to Human goals and objectives.

Resource
Put is simple- HRM focuses on managing
Management people for the benefit of the
organisation/company.
History of HRM profession
• HRM profession has evolved from purely administrative to
operational, recently strategic.
• HRM has steadily decreased transactional work and
focused on developing organisational strategy.
• HR has progressed THREE general waves:
➢ HR administration- transactional and administrative.
➢ HR practices- Innovative HR practices concerning
compensation, rewards, and talent sourcing.
➢ HR strategy- HR practices and work are linked to business
strategy.
HRM in the 4IR
• HR specialists must embrace integrating Artificial
Intelligence (AI) in the 4IR.
What is AI
• AI refers to the technology used to do a task requiring
some level of intelligence.
• In other words, a tool trained to think, learn and perform
like humans.
• AI technology is gradually reshaping the various HRM
functions.
• It transforms and supports the HRM functions, e.g., using
chatbots for recruitment.
HR on future
digital world
• Adopt advanced technologies,
automation of routine work, digital
connection with customers, etc.
• Introduction to robotics and digital
systems
• HR- a new system of recruitment,
induction, training, and development
(upskilling and reskilling).
• Employees need to be comfortable
working digitally.
The scientific context of HRM – a
multidisciplinary field
Management

Organisational Psychology
behaviour

Human
Resource
Management
Anthropology Sociology

Political Social
science psychology
 • Employment and boarding
• Talent management
HRM Involves • Management of Organisational behaviour
various (Illustrated in Figure 1.2 Page 8)
functions, labour
practises, and • Ensures compliance with the ff:
macro and micro Labour Relations Act 66 of 1995
factors analysis. Basic Conditions of Employment Act 55 of 1997
Employment Equity Act 55 of 1998

• Examine Micro and Macro factors

 The HRM value chain
External environment

Management of
Employment Talent
organisational
and onboarding management
behaviour

Organisational excellence and positive employee experiences

 Plan for the right skills and competency.

Recruit people fit for the job requirements

Employment and the organization’s values.
and
Onboarding – recruit and employ a fully
onboarding functional employee.

- Integrate with organizational culture.

 Employment and onboarding (cont.)

TALENT RECRUITMENT INDUCTION SOCIALISATION REMUNERATION REWARDS

PLANNING

HEALTH AND WELLNESS

SAFETY
Talent management
HR strategies to ensure that employees meet the
current and future needs of the organization.
HR should:
• Attract
• Engage
• Develop
• Deploy
• Retain

• HR should devise the strategies for reskilling and

upskilling.
Talent management (cont.)

Performance
Talent development Career development
management

Diversity
management and Retention Succession planning
inclusivity
 HR guide the entire
organization on
performance management.
Organisational
behaviour Advises, guides, and trains
line managers on managing
behaviours
Management
of Change and
Ethics and
decision
renewal
organisational making

behaviour
(cont.) Organisational
culture
Motivation
and
engagement

Groups and
Leadership
teams
 • Unfair labour practices
• Discipline
• Retrenchment vs Dismissal
Labour • Resignation
practises • Grievances procedure
• Dispute/Conflict
• Mergers
• Acquisition
 Macro factors- where your
organisation/business is
Examine (position)
Macro and
Micro factors
of the Micro factors- why the
organisation organisation/business is at
that position.
External environmental factors
Legislation

Environment Economy

Globalisation Society

Technology
 Informational documents used by an organisation
to carry out its functions
Examples:

Job description

HR records Employment contract

Performance appraisal documents

Employee handbook
 Covid-19 pandemic

Load shedding

High petrol/diesel price

Challenges Climate change (floods or droughts)

South Africa Political issues

faces Industry 4.0

Scarce skills

Diversity and inclusivity

Unemployment and social challenges

 • Strategic alignment of HRM
• Covid-19 pandemic
• Industry 4.0
Focus areas • Availability of talent
of HRM in • Employment relations
South Africa • Psychological contract
• Excellence and engagement
• Value-based organization and employee fit
• Change leadership
 Ethics- set of corporate, professional and
personal standards that result in outcomes
that are fair and just to others.
• Ethical leadership

Creating an •
•
Trade union involvement
An ethics committee
ethical •
•
Code of Ethics
Ethics audit
organisation • Fair policies
• Ethics training
• Training for decision making
• Peer reporting and whistle-blowing
• Performance management
• Corporate social responsibility