DEVOPS

TE IT-C
ROLL NO. 53-70
Real-World Use Case of Docker
in Industry

ROLL NO. 53 - 70
Introduction to Docker
Definition: Docker is a platform that packages apps and their
dependencies into lightweight containers.

Key Points:
Containers run on the host OS, making them fast and portable.
Ensures apps work the same in development, testing, and production.
Uses Docker images to simplify deployment anywhere.
 Why Use Docker?
Portability: Runs consistently across any environment.
Efficiency: Uses fewer resources than VMs, starts in seconds.
Scalability: Easily scale apps with multiple containers.
DevOps: Simplifies CI/CD and reduces environment issues.
Microservices: Supports modular app development.
 Docker vs. VMs
Feature Docker VM’s

Size Small (MBs, app + deps) Large (GBs, full OS)

Speed Starts in seconds Starts in minutes

Resources Low, shares host OS High, needs dedicated OS

Isolation Process-level, lightweight Full OS, stronger

 Core Concepts of Docker

Docker Image
A read-only template that contains the app code, libraries, and
dependencies.
Used to create Docker containers.
Example: python:3.10 image has Python installed and ready to use.

Docker Container
A running instance of a Docker image.
Works like a lightweight, isolated virtual machine.
Example: Running a nginx container to serve a static website.
 Core Concepts of Docker
Dockerfile
A text file with instructions to build a Docker image.
It defines what software to install and how to configure the app.
Docker Hub
A public registry to find, download, and share Docker images.
Like a marketplace for pre-built app environments.
Example: Pulling a mysql image from Docker Hub to run a database.
Docker Engine
The core part of Docker that builds and runs containers.
Includes the Docker daemon, REST API, and CLI.
Example: Command docker run nginx starts a container using Docker
Engine.
 Benefits of Docker

Portability
Run applications anywhere: local, staging, cloud.
Docker ensures consistency across environments.
Scalability
Easily scale microservices horizontally.
Works well with orchestration tools like Kubernetes.
Fast Deployment
Containers start in seconds, unlike traditional VMs.
Ideal for rapid CI/CD pipelines.
Lightweight
Enables high-density deployments.
 Technical & Business Impact

Consistency & Reliability

Same container runs on developer laptop, test server, and
production.
Developer Productivity
Easy to onboard, share, and version environments.
Supports DevOps & Agile workflows.
Cost Efficiency
Use fewer resources than VMs → Reduced infrastructure cost.
Introduction to DevOps Toolchain

A toolchain is a group of tools used together to build, test, and deploy

software quickly and safely.
Docker is used to package your app and all its parts (code, libraries) into
a container so it works anywhere.
Other tools like Jenkins, Kubernetes, and Docker Compose help
automate and manage these containers.
Key Tools and Their Roles in the Toolchain
Tool Description Role in the Toolchain

Makes the app portable and ensures

Packages your app and everything it
Docker it runs the same way in any
needs into a lightweight container.
environment.

Helps run multiple containers (like Used in development/testing to

Docker Compose app, database) together using one easily manage all parts of an
file. application at once.

Runs the CI/CD pipeline whenever

A tool that automatically builds,
Jenkins code is changed, reducing manual
tests, and checks your code.
effort.

Deploys, scales, and monitors

Controls and manages containers on
Kubernetes containers in production
multiple servers or machines.
environments.
CI/CD Pipeline Integration Workflow
 Case study 1: NETFLIX USE OF DOCKER
MICROSERVICES

🧱 Each microservice runs in a Docker container for isolation and consistency

⚙️ Containers include all dependencies, ensuring "works on all machines"
📦 Titus – Netflix's custom container orchestration platform (built on Docker)
SCALING

📈 Easily scalable – services scale up/down quickly based on traffic

🔁 Supports blue-green and canary deployments via Spinnaker
🌍 Global scalability using Docker + AWS EC2 infrastructure
Case Study 2: Uber’s Use of Docker

Deployment Speed
Docker enables fast and consistent deployments across Uber’s large-scale infrastructure.
Standardized container images help developers package applications with all dependencies.
Allows rapid rollouts and rollback capabilities during app updates.

Container Orchestration
Uber uses Docker with Kubernetes and Mesos to manage thousands of microservices.
Efficient load balancing, scaling, and service discovery for different ride services (Uber Eats,
UberX).
Supports parallel deployments without downtime.
Fault Tolerance

Containers are isolated, preventing failure

of one service
from impacting others.
Automated health checks and container
restarts ensure reliability.
Distributed orchestration minimizes service
disruptions during
high traffic events.
 CASE STUDY 3 – Shopify’s Development Challenges

Before Docker:

Monolithic architecture with complex dependency management.

Onboarding new developers took days due to inconsistent dev environments.
Testing environments were not easily replicable—bugs in production differed
from dev/test setups.
CI/CD pipelines suffered from slow builds and flaky tests due to environmental
mismatches.
 Docker Implementation at Shopify

Docker Adoption:

Dockerized all services to create consistent, isolated environments.

Used Docker Compose to replicate production-like environments locally.
Each developer could now spin up the full Shopify stack in minutes.
Key Benefits:

Faster Onboarding: Devs get started with just a few commands.

Reliable Testing: Environments match production, reducing "works on my machine"
issues.
Parallel Development: Microservice containers enable focused, isolated changes.
CI Efficiency: Docker images cached and reused to speed up builds and tests.
 Challenge Netflix Faced – Managing Thousands of Microservices & How Docker
Helped
Before Docker:

Netflix operates with thousands of microservices, each handling a unique

function (streaming, recommendations, billing, etc.).
Frequent deployments caused compatibility and versioning issues.
Infrastructure inconsistency across developer machines, test environments, and
production.
Dependency conflicts between services made debugging and scaling difficult.
Need for faster deployment, isolation, and resource optimization.
 How Docker Helped

After Docker:

Docker provided lightweight containers to package each microservice with its

dependencies.
Ensured consistency across all environments – "It runs the same everywhere."
Enabled faster, isolated deployments – reducing downtime and conflicts.
Simplified CI/CD pipelines with reproducible builds and quick rollbacks.
Enhanced resource utilization by running multiple containers on the same host
efficiently.
Uber usese docker with Kubernetes and mesos to manage
thousand of microservices.

Before Docker:

Different Environments Apps worked in development, but failed in production.

Manual Deployments Engineers had to set up everything manually, which led to
errors.
Scaling Problems It was hard to quickly add more services when demand
increased.
Inconsistent Setup Different teams used different tools, which created confusion.
 How Docker Helped

After Docker:

If a new update had a problem, they could quickly switch back to the previous
Docker version without downtime.
Standard Environment Docker created the same setup everywhere (dev, test, and
production).
Faster Deployment Apps were packaged into containers, so they could be
deployed quickly and reliably.
Easier Scaling When more people open the app Uber Automatically add the
server
 After Docker: Big Improvements at Shopify

After Docker:

Same Setup Everywhere – Dev, test, and production all used the same Docker
container.
No More Version Conflicts – Everything needed (code, tools, libraries) packed
inside the container.
Faster Onboarding – New developers started working within minutes using
Docker.
Easy Testing – Bugs could be tested and fixed locally before going live.
Faster Deployments – Code moved from dev to live without breaking.
 Critical Incident Shopify Challenge before Docker

Before Docker:

At Shopify, developers used to run apps on their local machines, which were
set up differently from the production (live) servers. For example:
A developer’s machine used one version of Ruby, but the live server used
another.
Some libraries or tools worked on dev machines but failed in production.
This mismatch led to bugs that only appeared after deployment, causing
critical incidents, like customer checkouts breaking or pages crashing.
This was hard to debug and slowed down development.
 Critical Incident Shopify (Tertiary) Challenge before Docker

Before Docker:

At Shopify, developers used to run apps on their local machines, which were
set up differently from the production (live) servers. For example:
A developer’s machine used one version of Ruby, but the live server used
another.
Some libraries or tools worked on dev machines but failed in production.
This mismatch led to bugs that only appeared after deployment, causing
critical incidents, like customer checkouts breaking or pages crashing.
This was hard to debug and slowed down development.
Docker with Kubernetes Architecture – Netflix-Style Deployment

Introduction

Docker: A containerization platform that packages applications with dependencies.

Kubernetes: An orchestration system to manage containerized applications at scale.

 Architecture Diagram (Netflix-Style Deployment)

Docker Containers for microservices like user-auth, video-stream,

recommendations, etc.
Kubernetes Cluster with:
Master Node (API Server, Scheduler, Controller Manager)
Worker Nodes (Pods with Docker containers)
ETCD for cluster configuration
Services for internal/external access
Ingress for routing
Persistent Volumes for storage
 Workflow Explanation

Netflix-like app is split into microservices: user login, video catalog, playback, etc.
Each microservice runs in a Docker container.
Kubernetes Pods manage one or more containers.
Kubernetes handles:
Load balancing
Auto-scaling
Rolling updates
Ingress controller manages routes (e.g., /login, /watch).
Data (e.g., watch history) is stored using Persistent Volumes.
 Performance Gains Analysis

Faster Deployments:
Containerized apps are lightweight and start in seconds.
Streamlined CI/CD pipelines reduce release cycles.

Reduced Downtime:
Kubernetes auto-restarts failed containers.
Rolling updates ensure zero-downtime deployments.
 Performance Gains Analysis

Increased Developer Productivity:

Consistent dev/test/prod environments using Docker.
Microservices architecture supports parallel development.

Resource Efficiency:
Containers use fewer resources than VMs.
Kubernetes optimizes cluster utilization.
 Key Topics - Summarization

Docker:
Packages applications with dependencies.
Ensures consistent environments from development to production.
Kubernetes:
Manages containerized applications across clusters.
Handles scaling, self-healing, load balancing, and updates.
Docker + Kubernetes Together:
Powerful combination for cloud-native deployments.
Ideal for microservices and large-scale applications (e.g., Netflix, Spotify,
Airbnb).
 Key Topics - Summarization

Link to DevOps Trends

Aligns perfectly with modern DevOps practices:
Continuous Integration/Delivery (CI/CD)
Infrastructure as Code (IaC)
Automation & Monitoring
Helps teams ship faster, with higher quality and lower risk.
 Key Topics - Summarization

Real-World Impact
Companies adopting Docker + Kubernetes report:
60–80% faster deployments
50% less downtime
Improved team collaboration
Scalability without extra infrastructure cost
 Key Topics - Summarization

Why Docker Still Matters Today

It's a core technology in modern software development.
Empowers businesses to be agile, resilient, and cloud-ready.
Key enabler of digital transformation and platform engineering.
THANK YOU