Unit 1

Lesson 2: Input and

Output Devices of
Desktop Computer
Input Devices
● Following are some of the important input devices
which are used in a computer
○ Graphic Tablet ○ Magnetic Ink Card
○ Keyboard

○ Mouse ○ Microphone Reader (MICR)

○ Bar Code Reader ○ Optical Character
○ Joy Stick

○ Trackball ○ Headset Reader (OCR)

○ Webcam ○ O p t i c a l Mark
○ Controller

○ Scanner
Reader (OMR)
Keyboard
• is the most common and very popular input
device which helps to input data to the computer.
• The layout of the keyboard is like that of
traditional typewriter, although there are some
additional keys provided for performing additional
functions.
Keyboard
Keyboard
• Keyboards are of two sizes 84 keys or 101/102
keys, but now keyboards with 104 keys or 108
keys are also available for Windows and Internet.

• The keys on the keyboard are as follows −

Keyboard Keys
• Typing Keys
• These keys include the letter keys (A-Z) and digit keys
(0-9) which generally give the same layout as that of
typewriters.

• Numeric Keypad
• It is used to enter the numeric data or cursor
movement. Generally, it consists of a set of 17 keys
that are laid out in the same configuration used by
most adding machines and calculators.
Keyboard Keys
• Function Keys
• The twelve function keys are present on the keyboard
which are arranged in a row at the top of the keyboard.
Each function key has a unique meaning and is used for
some specific purpose.
• Control keys
• These keys provide cursor and screen control. It includes
four directional arrow keys. Control keys also include Home,
End, Insert, Delete, Page Up, Page Down, Control(Ctrl),
Alternate(Alt), Escape(Esc)
Keyboard Keys
• Special Purpose Keys
• Keyboard also contains some special purpose keys such as
Enter, Shift, Caps Lock, Scroll Lock, Space bar, Tab, Pause
break, and Print Screen.
Keyboard Keys
Function Keys

Typing Keys Control Keys

Numeric Keypad
Mouse
• Mouse is the most popular pointing device.
• It is a very famous cursor-control device having a
small palm size box with a round ball at its base,
which senses the movement of the mouse
• Generally, it has two buttons called the left and
the right button and a wheel is present between
the buttons.
Mouse
Joystick
• Joystick is also a pointing device, which is used
to move the cursor position on a monitor screen.
• It is a stick having a spherical ball at its both
lower and upper ends. The lower spherical ball
moves in a socket.
• The joystick can be moved in all four directions.
Keyboard
Controller/Gamepad
• a peripheral device designed to connect to a
computer or console gaming system. It has
multiple buttons and may have one or two mini
joysticks.
• A controller is used for playing video games of
many types, including sports, first-person
shooters, role-playing, and others
Keyboard
Trackball
• Track ball is an input device that is mostly used in
notebook or laptop computer, instead of a mouse.
• This is a ball which is half inserted and by moving
fingers on the ball, the pointer can be moved.
• Since the whole device is not moved, a track ball
requires less space than a mouse.
• A track ball comes in various shapes like a ball, a
button, or a square.
Trackball
Scanner
• Scanner is an input device, which works more like
a photocopy machine.
• It is used when some information is available on
paper and it is to be transferred to the hard disk
of the computer for further manipulation.
• Scanner captures images from the source which
are then converted into a digital form that can be
stored on the disk.
Scanner
Digitizer
• Digitizer is an input device which converts analog
information into digital form.
• Digitizer can convert a signal from the television
or camera into a series of numbers that could be
stored in a computer.
• They can be used by the computer to create a
picture of whatever the camera had been pointed
at.
Digitizer
• Digitizer is also known as Tablet or Graphics
Tablet as it converts graphics and pictorial data
into binary inputs.
• A graphic tablet as digitizer is used for fine works
of drawing and image manipulation applications.
Digitizer
Microphone
• Microphone is an input device to input sound that
is then stored in a digital form.
• Microphone is used for various applications such
as adding sound to a multimedia presentation or
for mixing music.
Microphone
Bar Code Readers
• Bar Code Reader is a device used for reading bar
coded data (data in the form of light and dark
lines).
• Bar coded data is generally used in labelling
goods, numbering the books, etc.
• It may be a handheld scanner or may be
embedded in a stationary scanner.
Bar Code Scanner
Webcam
• A w e b c a m i s a c a m e ra t h a t c o n n e c t s t o a
computer.
• It captures either still pictures or motion video,
and with the aid of software, can transmit its
video on the Internet in real-time.
Webcam
• Today, most webcams are either embedded into
the display with laptop computers or connected to
the USB or FireWire port on the computer.
• Unlike a digital camera and digital camcorder, a
webcam does not have any built-in storage.
Instead, it is always connected to a computer and
uses the computer hard drive as its storage.
Webcam
Magnetic Ink Card Reader
• MICR input device is generally used in banks as
there are large number of cheques to be
processed every day.
• The bank's code number and cheque number are
printed on the cheques with a special type of ink
that contains particles of magnetic material that
are machine readable.
Magnetic Ink Card Reader
• The main advantages of MICR is that it is fast
and less error prone.
Optical Character Reader (OCR)
• OCR is an input device used to read a printed
text.
• OCR scans the text optically, character by
character, converts them into a machine readable
code, and stores the text on the system memory.
Optical Character Reader (OCR)
Optical Mark Reader (OMR)
• OMR is a special type of optical scanner used to
recognize the type of mark made by pen or pencil.
• It is used where one out of a few alternatives is to
be selected and marked.
• It is specially used for checking the answer
sheets of examinations having multiple choice
questions.
Optical Mark Reader (OMR)
Output Devices
● Following are some of the important output
devices which are used in a computer
○ Monitor

○ Printer

○ Headphone

○ Computer Speaker

○ Projector

○ Plotter
Monitor
• An output device that displays the output in the
form of images on a digital screen.
• The images formed are made up of millions of
tiny dots called pixels. The more pixels, the better
resolution of the image is.
• 2 types of Monitor:
• Cathode-Ray Tube (CRT)
• Flat-Panel Display
Cathode-Ray Tube (CRT) Monitor
• The CRT display is made up of small picture
elements called pixels.
• The smaller the pixels, the better the image clarity
or resolution.
• It takes more than one illuminated pixel to form a
whole character, such as the letter ‘e’ in the word
help.
Cathode-Ray Tube (CRT) Monitor
Cathode-Ray Tube (CRT) Monitor
• A finite number of characters can be displayed on
a screen at once.
• The screen can be divided into a series of
character boxes - fixed location on the screen
where a standard character can be placed.
• Most screens are capable of displaying 80
characters of data horizontally and 25 lines
vertically.
Flat-Panel Display Monitor
• The flat panel displays are much lighter, thinner,
and consume less power than the traditional CRT
monitors.
• They are wearable like digital wristwatches and
portable like laptops or calculators. This gave the
flat panel displays an upper hand over CRTs
• Types of Flat-Panel Display Monitor
• Emissive Display
• Non-emissive Display
Flat-Panel Display Monitor
Emissive Displays
• Emissive displays are devices that convert electrical
energy into light. For example, plasma panel and
LED (Light-Emitting Diodes).

Non-Emissive Displays
• Non-emissive displays use optical effects to convert
sunlight or light from some other source into graphics
patterns. For example, LCD (Liquid-Crystal Device).
 Features LED LCD
Backlighting An LED monitor is actually a Traditional LCD monitors
type of LCD monitor that use CCFL (Cold Cathode
uses LEDs for backlighting Fluorescent Lamps) as their
instead of CCFLs. LEDs are backlight. These lights are
more energy-efficient, less efficient and tend to
provide better brightness consume more power
control, and allow for thinner compared to LEDs.
displays.
Brightness and Contrast LED monitors generally offer These monitors can have
higher contrast ratios and lower contrast ratios and
better brightness, providing less brightness because
sharper and more vivid CCFL lighting isn't as
images due to the precision precise.
of LED backlighting.
Power Consumption LEDs use less power and CCFL backlights consume
are more energy-efficient more power and generate
compared to CCFLs. more heat
 Features LED LCD
Thickness and Weight LED backlights allow for These tend to be bulkier
slimmer and lighter designs. because of the CCFL
backlighting, which requires
more space.

Color Accuracy and Quality LED monitors provide better Color accuracy can be
color accuracy, especially in lower due to the uniformity
edge-lit or full-array LED of CCFL lighting.
configurations, resulting in
more vivid colors.
Lifespan LEDs last longer and CCFLs typically have a
degrade more slowly than shorter lifespan compared to
CCFLs LEDs.
Printer
• The output from the computer is achieved on
paper from the printer.
• The data gets printed on paper which can be both
colored or black and white, an image, text, or
even both.
• Types of printer
• Impact printers
• Non-Impact printers
Impact printers
• These printers work by having direct contact with the
ink ribbon and paper. Due to this, the noise produced
by these printers resembles that of a typewriter.
Ink Ribbon
Dot Matrix Printer (DMP)
• In the market, one of the most popular printers is
Dot Matrix Printer.
• These printers are popular because of their ease
of printing and economical price.
• Each character printed is in the form of pattern of
dots and head consists of a Matrix of Pins of size
(5*7, 7*9, 9*7 or 9*9) which come out to form a
character which is why it is called Dot Matrix
Printer.
Dot Matrix Printer (DMP)
Daisy Wheel
• Head is lying on a wheel and pins corresponding
to characters are like petals of Daisy (flower)
which is why it is called Daisy Wheel Printer.
• These printers are generally used for word-
processing in offices that require a few letters to
be sent here and there with very nice quality.
Daisy Wheel
Non-Impact printers
• These printers work with technologies like inkjet,
laser, electrostatic, xerographic, etc. These printers
work silently and are much faster than the impact
ones.
Laser Printer
• printer that use laser LEDS to create an image.
• Laser printers generate a significant amount of
heat while working. This can reduce their lifespan
and cause damage to the paper.
Laser Printer
Inkjet Printer
• Printer that uses liquid ink to create prints. Inkjet
printing functions by spraying fine droplets of
liquid ink onto paper through minuscule nozzles.
• Commonly used in home and small office
environments to print text, photos, and other
documents. This is because of their relatively low-
cost printing with high-quality output.
Inkjet Printer
Thermal Printer
• Printers that use heat to create prints. Thermal
printers produce images by using heat-sensitive
paper or ribbon, which is then heated and transferred
to form a print.
• Thermal printers are generally used for printing small
labels, receipts, tickets, and other shorter documents
due to their high speed. Moreover, they require
minimal maintenance and generate no sound when
working.
Thermal Printer
Dye-sublimation Printers
• Dye-sublimation printers, also known as dye-sub
printers or simply sublimation printers, are a type of
printer that uses heat to transfer dye onto various
materials such as paper, plastic, fabric, or metal.
• Dye-sublimation printing produces high-quality
images with vibrant colours that are resistant to
fading and smudging. They are commonly used in
applications such as photo printing, textile printing,
and printing on mugs, keychains, etc.
Dye-sublimation Printers
Plotter
• A plotter is an output device that works similarly
to a printer, but for large vector graphics.
• These devices are used to print large high
resolution, vector-based graphics, such as those
used in architectural firms.
• They also prove advantageous as they can draw
not only on paper but on varied types of surfaces
like plywood, aluminum sheet, plastic, etc.
Plotter
Headphones
• The audio or sound produced by the computer is in the
form of electric signals. These are perceived by us in the
form of sound using the output device, headphones.
• The headphones are transducers that convert electrical
energy into mechanical energy and thus help us listen to
songs and recordings on the computer.
• The best thing is that they are light and thus portable,
unlike heavy computer speakers.
Headphone
Computer Speaker
• Computer speakers are output device that works
the same way as a headphone.
• They make our entertainment experience easier.
Users can watch movies, listen to music,
recordings, or any audio with help of speakers.
• They can be used instead of headphones when
multiple people want to listen to the audio.
Computer Speaker
Projector
• The projector is an output device, that is used to
project the image displayed on the computer
monitor on a large wall or screen.
• This is a good option when the output is to be
shown to a large number of people.
• It can be used to watch movies with friends, or
show a presentation in a group meeting.
Projector
• The projector is connected to the computer using
HDMI cables or VGA cables.
• The output from the computer is taken as input by
the projector.
• Nowadays, traditional blackboards are also
getting replaced by smart screens, which use
projectors to display images and videos to the
students for better understanding.
Projector
Resource(s)
• https://www.tutorialspoint.com/computer_funda
mentals/computer_input_devices.html
• https://artoftesting.com/computer-output-
devices-example
• https://tritonstore.com.au/what-are-non-impact-
printers/
Unit 1
Lesson 2: Input and
Output Devices of
Desktop Computer