📌 What is Programming?
Programming is the process of writing instructions (code) that a computer can
execute to perform specific tasks.
It involves problem-solving, logic, and algorithms.
🧩 Key Concepts
Algorithm: Step-by-step procedure to solve a problem.
Syntax: Set of rules for writing code in a programming language.
Variables: Named storage for data (e.g., x = 10).
Data Types: Integer, Float, String, Boolean, etc.
Operators: Symbols for operations (+, -, *, /, %).
Control Structures:
Conditional: if, else, switch.
Loops: for, while, do-while.
Functions/Methods: Reusable blocks of code.
Arrays/Collections: Store multiple values in one structure.
Object-Oriented Programming (OOP): Organizing code into objects (classes,
inheritance, encapsulation, polymorphism).
Programming Paradigms
Procedural Programming: Step-by-step (C, Pascal).
Object-Oriented Programming (OOP): Based on classes & objects (Java, C++, Python).
Functional Programming: Uses functions as first-class entities (Haskell,
JavaScript).
⚙️ Software Development Process
Problem definition
Algorithm design
Coding
Testing & Debugging
Execution & Maintenance
🌍 Importance of Programming
Automates tasks.
Builds applications (web, mobile, desktop).
Powers AI, data science, cybersecurity, gaming, etc.
Enhances problem-solving and logical thinking.
