MODIFICATION OF AERIAL PRIMARY NETWORK TO UNDERGROUND INTERCHANGE ROAD AT INDEPENDENCE AVE AND CIRCUMVALATION

CHAPTER III

JUSTIFYING CALCULATIONS

PROJECT ENGINEERING
 Modification of aerial primary network to underground at the traffic interchange of Av. Independencia and Circunvalación

PROJECT ENGINEERING

3.1 GENERALITIES

In the electrification projects of the distribution system, flow calculations will be performed.
power and voltage drop for primary distribution networks, which allow the
appropriate determination of the sizes of the conductors.
The calculations are developed based on the C.N.E. Supply 2011, norms of the EM/DGE and
technical information related to this purpose.

3.2 DESIGN BASES

FACTORS CONSIDERED IN THE DESIGN

Table No.1
FACTORS NETWORKS
PRIMARIES
Maximum voltage drop 5%
Power Losses 3%
Energy losses 1.5%
Power Factor 0.9

NETWORK CHARACTERISTICS

Tension : 10 kV
Frequency : 60 Hz
Air Conductor : 3x70 mm2AAAC
Underground Conductor : 3x70 mm2Cu- N2XSY

3.3 ELECTRICAL CALCULATIONS

3.3.1 CALCULATION OF PRIMARY NETWORKS

A. LEVEL OF ISOLATION

The system must support the nominal operating tensions and also those
momentary surges that can be of external or internal origin without reaching
produce flaring.

Considering that the facilities are outdoors and that the maximum height is
3892 m.a.s.l. the selected insulation level for the equipment must take into account
these conditions as well as the grounding system.

The following table shows the insulation characteristics for the different levels of
adopted tension.
Frame No 2
TENSION TENSION CLASS OF
NOMINAL OF MAXIMUM OF ISOLATION MAXIMUM TENSION NO TENSION NO
SYSTEM IN SYSTEM IN DISRUPTIVE TO DISRUPTIVE AT 60
kV EFFECTIVE kV EFFECTIVE kV IMPULSE (NBA) (kV EFFECTIVE)

(1) 2 (1) (2)

15
10 11 10 50
0
(1) EUROPEAN Practice
(2) USA–CANADA Practice
MODIFICATION OF AERIAL PRIMARY NETWORK TO SUBTERRANEAN AT THE INTERCHANGE OF AV. INDEPENDENCIA AND CIRCUMVALATION

B. HEIGHT CORRECTION FACTOR

The average operating altitude is 3892 m.a.s.l. therefore, it is necessary to establish the
correction factor for altitude, which is given by the expression:

Fh = 1 + 1.25 (H - 1000) x 10

Where:
Fh: Correction factor for altitude.
H: Height above sea level.
1 + 1.25 (3892 - 1000) x 10
Fh = 1,3615

C. MINIMUM SAFETY DISTANCES

In order to ensure the isolation of the phases against the risk of short circuits, measures have been taken.
taking into account the recommendations of the American National Electrical Safety Code (NESC), the
what is considered the minimum distance between phases at the midpoint of the maximum span.

0.1m

H = 0.10 + fmax + h + He fmax

He = 0.10 H + 0.50
He = 0.10 (13) + 0.50 = 1.80 m
Where:
H Pole height (m)
H
Maximum arrow (m)
h: Minimum height above the surface (m) h
He Mounting height (m)

He

Based on the previously indicated Standards, the minimum distances were considered as
safety, taking into account the weather conditions of the Project area,
next

Minimum horizontal separation between conductors of the same circuit at supports

400mm Ref. CNE–SUPPLY Table 235-1

0.4 m for 10 kV Norm RD 018-2003-EMDGER

Minimum Vertical Distance = 0.70 m

D = 800mm Ref. CNE SUPPLY Table 235-5

D = 0.8 m for 10 kV Standard RD 018-2003-EMDGER

Minimum Vertical Distance = 1.00 m

This distance is valid for the separation between two phase conductors as well as between a
phase conductor and one neutral.
Modification of the aerial primary network to underground at the traffic interchange of Av. Independencia and Circunvalación

Minimum distance between live conductors and their accessories and elements
grounding points

200mm Ref. CNE Table 235-6

D = 0.2 m for 10 kV Norm RD 018-2003-EMDGER

Minimum distance = 0.25 m

Minimum horizontal distance between conductors of the same circuit at halfway

empty

D 7.6(U) (FC) 8 2.12S(mm)

S = Apparent arrow in mm.

Norm RD 018-2003-EMDGER

D 0.0076 (U) (FC) 0.65 f

Where:
U = Nominal voltage between phases, kV
FC = Correction factor for altitude
f = Conductor arrow at the maximum expected temperature, m

Notes:
1-When dealing with conductors of different arrows, either due to having different sections or
having split from different EDS efforts, the largest of the arrows will be taken for the
determination of the minimum horizontal distance.
2- In addition to the distances at rest, it should also be verified that under a
40% difference between the dynamic wind pressures on the conductors plus
close, the distance D should not be less than 0.20 m.

Minimum vertical distance between conductors of the same circuit at mid-span

For vanos up to 100 m : 0.70 m

For openings between 101 and 350 m : 1.00 m
For spans between 350 and 600 m : 1.20 m
For spans greater than 600 m : 2.00 m

In structures with a triangular arrangement of conductors, where two of them are located in
a horizontal plan, only the horizontal separation of conductors will be taken into account if
the upper central conductor is at a vertical distance of 1.00 m or 1.20 m (According to
the length of the spans) with respect to the other 2 conductors.

In lines with a neutral conductor, the vertical distance must additionally be verified between the
phase conductor and the neutral for the condition without wind and maximum temperature in the
phase conductor, and EDS temperature in the neutral conductor. In this situation the distance
The vertical distance between these two conductors shall not be less than 0.50 m. This verification must be
to take place, also, when there is a transition from horizontal disposition to vertical disposition
of conductors with the presence of a neutral conductor.

Minimum horizontal distance between conductors of different circuits

If necessary, the same formula mentioned in item c) will be applied.

For the verification of the safety distance between two conductors of different circuits
 MODIFICATION OF AERIAL PRIMARY NETWORK TO SUBTERRANEAN AT THE ROAD INTERCHANGE AV. INDEPENDENCE AND CIRCUMFERENCE

due to a difference of 40% in dynamic wind pressures, the following must be applied
following formulas:

D = 0.00746 (U) (Fc), but not less than 0.20 m

Where:
U = Nominal voltage between phases of the highest voltage circuit, in kV
FCAltitude correction factor

Minimum vertical distance between conductors of different circuits

This distance will be determined using the following formula:

D = 1.20 + 0.0102 (Fc) (kV1 + kV2 - 50)

Where:
kV1 Maximum tension between phases of the circuit of higher tension, in kV
kV2= Maximum tension between phases of the lower voltage circuit, in kV
For lines of 10, this voltage will be 11 kV
FC Altitude correction factor

The minimum vertical distance between 10 kV lines and lower voltage lines will be 1.00 m.

The National Electricity Code - Supply 2011 establishes the following distances
verticals between adjacent or intersecting conductors, laid in different structures of
support, which must not be less than those indicated in the following table:

HIGH VOLTAGE
Conductor
Retained from
Communication Drivers of is
supply Cables of
supply of
wires of Supply that
drivers exposed supply
suspension his cable
y cables until exposed
LOW TENSION LEVEL conductors self-supported and
messengers 750 V and cables of
neutrals and cables of
of supply more than
cables of supply
more than 750 V
guard up to 750 V.
750V 23 kV
(m)
(m) (m)
(m)
(m)
Supply withheld
span wires,
neutral conductors and cables 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60 1.20
to guard against
surges
2. Communications: withheld,
conductors and cables, and cables 0.60 0.60 0.60 1.20 1.80
messengers
3. Supply cables and
supply cables up to 750 0.60 0.60 0.60 1.00 1.20
V
Supply drivers
exposed, up to 750 V; cables 1.00 1.20 1.00 1.00 1.20
supply of more than 750 V
5. Supply conductors
1.20 1.80 1.20 1.20 1.20
exposed, from 750 V to 23 kV
6. Trolley and drivers of
contact of the railway
electrified and associated opening and
1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.80
carrier wires
Table 233-1 of the National Electrical Code Supply 2011.
MODIFICATION OF AERIAL PRIMARY NETWORK TO UNDERGROUND AT THE INTERCHANGE OF AV. INDEPENDENCIA AND CIRCUMVALATION

Minimum vertical distances to the ground surface

The National Electric Code - Supply 2011 establishes the following distances, which are
They respected the layout and design of the electrical networks.

DISTANCE OF
VERTICAL SECURITY (m)
NATURE OF THE SURFACE THAT IS FOUND Drivers
Cables
Supply
BELOW THE DRIVERS Self-supporting
exposed of
Supply
> 750 V
up to 750 V
a 23 kV.
a. When Conductors or Cables Cross or Protrude
Railway tracks 7.3 8.0
2a. Roads and avenues subject to truck traffic. 6.5 7.0
3b. Roads, streets, and other areas subject to truck traffic. 5.5 6.5
3. Sidewalks, parking areas, and alleys. 5.5 6.5
4. Lands traversed by vehicles, such as crops,
5.5 6.5
pastures, forests, orchards, etc.
5a. Pedestrian spaces and paths or areas not traversable by
4.0 5.0
vehicles.
5b. Streets and roads in rural areas. 5.5 6.5

Table 232-1 of the National Electric Supply Code 2011.

Minimum distances to roads

In non-urban areas, the primary lines will run outside of the easement.
of the roads.

The minimum distances from the centerline of the road to the centerline of the primary line will be as follows:

On major roads : 25 m
On non-major roads : 15 m
Railway Tracks : 50 m

Minimum Distances to Forested Areas or Isolated Trees

Ref. CNE Table 219

Vertical distance between the lower conductor and the trees: 4.00 m
Radial distance between the conductor and the side trees: 4.50 m
Note:
Radial distances may be increased when there is a danger that the trees will fall on
the drivers.

Minimum distances to buildings and other constructions

Vertical distance between the conductor and walls and other structures. Ref. CNE Rule 234-1 4.0
m.
Horizontal distance between the conductor and walls and other structures. Ref. CNE Rule 234-1
2.5 m.
Vertical distance between the conductor and part of a building normally accessible to
people including the opening of windows, balconies, and similar places Ref. CNE Table 234-1
4.0 m
 MODIFICATION OF AERIAL PRIMARY NETWORK TO SUBTERRANEAN AT THE INTERSECTION OF AV. INDEPENDENCIA AND CIRCUMVALATION

Notes
- The vertical distances will be determined at the maximum temperature.
- The radial distances will be determined at the temperature in the EDS condition and
decline with maximum wind load.

3.3.2 PRIMARY LINE PARAMETERS

Electrical resistance

Considering the working temperature of the conductor, we have:

Where:
R2: Final resistance at 40°C
R1: Resistance at 20 °C
Thermal expansion coefficient at 20 °C
=0.0036 (aluminum alloy)
R2 R11 (T 2 T) 1
/Km. Temperature (20°C)
Operating temperature of the Conductor
40 °C

Inductive reactance

To find the reactance, the vertical, horizontal, and triangular arrangement is considered with the
distances provided in item 2.2 and is calculated with the following formula:

2DMG
XL 4 f 0.25 ln 104 /Km.
K*d

Where:
XL Inductive reactance ( /Km.)
DMG Geometric mean distance = 1.51 m
For three-phase system 1,694 m

K Correction factor by number of threads (0.726 for 7 threads, 0.758 for 19 threads).
d: Conductor diameter
f: Frequency (60 Hz).
SECTION X3
CONDUCTOR PARAMETERS (mm²) (Ω/kM)
70 0.454

Number Diameter Diameter of Resistance Resistance

SECTION
of Exterior each electrical wire at 20 Electric at 40
(mm²)
wires (mm) (mm) °C (Ω/km) °C (Ω/km)

70 19 9.72 1.8 0.268 0.272

3.3.3 Positive, Negative, and Zero Sequence Parameters

For the purposes of calculating short-circuit currents, the resistances have been obtained and
unit inductive reactances of the primary line for positive, negative, and zero sequence (homo
polar). For the existing system, the positive and negative sequence parameters are the same.
that have been calculated in the previous section.

The homopolar resistance Ro has been calculated according to the following relationship:

= 1+ 3( . )/8
 MODIFICATION OF AERIAL PRIMARY NETWORK TO UNDERGROUND INTERCHANGE AT AV. INDEPENDENCIA AND CIRCUMVALATION

Where:
Ro: zero sequence unit resistance in Ohm/km.
R1: positive sequence unit resistance of the conductor at operating temperature
Ohm/km.
o: magnetic induction constant. o = 4 x 10–4 H/km
Angular frequency = 2 f (s-1)
f system frequency
For f = 60 Hz it is:
Ro = R1 + 0.17765

The zero-sequence inductive reactance Xo has been calculated using the equation
next:

x
0 L
X 0= (3ln ( )+ )
} 2 (RMG x DMG2) 1/3 4n

Where:

X0 : Zero-sequence inductive reactance, in ohm/km

: Penetration index in m.

185
= 1
( )2

Where:
: Electrical resistivity of the ground in ohm-m
L : Relative permeability of the conductor. Usually equal to 1
: Number of partial drivers. In this case n = 1
Geometric mean radius of the conductor
RMG = 0.726 * r
r : Driver's radius in m.
DMG: Geometric mean distance in m.

The table shows the calculated values for aluminum alloy conductors.
employees in the project.

PARAMETERS OF POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE SEQUENCE OF CONDUCTORS

Resistance
Diameter Resistance Resistance
Diameter of
SECTION Number of of each Electric to of
Exterior Sequence
(mm²) wires wire 20 °C Sequence
(mm) R1, R2
(mm) (Ω/km) R0 (Ω/km)
(Ω/km)
70 19 9.72 1.8 0.268 0.272 0.721

SECTION X1, X2 X0
(mm²) (Ω/kM) (Ω/kM)
70 0,454 1,207
MODIFICATION OF AERIAL PRIMARY NETWORK TO UNDERGROUND AT AV. INDEPENDENCIA AND CIRCUMVALATION INTERCHANGE

3.3.4 VOLTAGE DROP AND POWER LOSS

The approximate formula used for the calculation of voltage drop is the one presented in the
Norm MEM/DEP 501:

.
∆ %= 2( 1+ 1 . tan ∅))
10

Where:
V% : Percentage drop in voltage.
P : Power, in kW
L : Length of the line segment, in km
R1 : Conductor resistance at operating temperature, in ohm/km
X1 : Inductive reactance for three-phase systems, in ohm/km
: Power factor angle.
VL : Phase tension, in kV
To calculate power and energy losses due to the Joule effect, the following has been used
formulas:

2. 2 ( 1. )
=
1000. 2cos2∅
( )

= 8760( )( )

Where:
Pj : Percentage drop in Power.
This : Annual active energy losses.
P : Power Demand, in kW
L : Length of the line segment, in km.
R1 : Conductor resistance at operating temperature, in ohm/km.
: Power factor angle.
Vf : Phase tension, in kV
Fp : Loss factor.
Fc : Load factor

The loss factor has been determined according to the MEM/DEP 501 Standard, by the
next relationship:

Fp = 0.15 Fc + 0.85 Fc²

Where: Fc = 0.35 (obtained from similar projects)

So Fp = 0,16

The following pages show the results of the voltage drop calculations. The
calculations are carried out based on the single-line load diagram and the loads of the
Departure from SET Taparachi. The voltage drop calculation and power flow are shown.
in the attached pictures.
MODIFICATION OF AERIAL PRIMARY NETWORK TO UNDERGROUND INTERCHANGE ROAD AV. INDEPENDENCE AND CIRCUMFERENCE

3.3.5 PROTECTION COORDINATION

Generalities

In order to provide maximum security to the equipment in the facilities, such as

transformers, insulators, cables, etc. It has been planned to limit the effect of the fault current.
through the use of adequately sized and coordinated protective devices
Under the referred conditions, the coordination of protection for the 10kV lines has been carried out.
For this purpose, the calculation of fault currents has been determined, which will allow us to
establish the analysis of the protection coordination.

Considerations for the calculation of fault currents

The following premises have been established:

a).- The single-line diagram that contains the topological scheme of the set has been considered.
corresponds to the maximum demand conditions for the calculation of fault currents.
b).- Under the aforementioned condition, the maximum and minimum values have been evaluated.
from the fault currents taking as base values.
Base Power: 250kVA.
Base Tension: 10 kV.

c).- The values of fault currents at any point in the network have been considered as the
limited by the impedance of the circuits and the equipment connected between the source and the point
Of failure, independent of the loads due to being a passive network.

Sequence impedance of the line

The impedance of the positive and negative sequence is given by:

Z (1,2) R JXL

The zero-sequence impedance is determined from the following expression:

R0 R20ºC 0.002864f

De
X 0 =0.521.Log
(GMR Drs2DrsD
3 2
rt)
2 1/9

Equivalent diameter
De = 85.
Where:
Equivalent diameter
0.726 r' (7-wire conductor)
GMR: 0.758 r' (19-strand conductor)
r': Driver's radio
IMPEDANCE SECTION
( /Km) mm²
70
XL(1,2) (3f) 0.454
XL(0) (3f) 1,207
R(1,2) (3f) 0.544
R(0) (3f) 0.721
MODIFICATION OF AERIAL PRIMARY NETWORK TO UNDERGROUND AT AV. INDEPENDENCE AND CIRCUMVALLATION INTERCHANGE

Characteristic impedance of the line

For the determination of this parameter, the capacitance due to has been previously calculated.
capacitive effect of the line using the fisher–Himmen formula:

0.0024x106
C
D
Log2 m
Kd
Where:
C : Capacitance (mf/Km)
Dm ; Electrical distance of the conductors
d : Conductor diameter
K : Correction factor by number of threads

0.44
L=
2 f
so the characteristic impedance of the line is given in ohms, and it results in:

L
Z C=
C

Short-circuit currents

a) Three-phase short-circuit current:

I base
I CC =
I 1
pu 
b) Line-to-line short-circuit current:
j3Ib
I LL =
 Z1 Z 2 
c) Line-to-ground short-circuit current
3Ibase
I ccLT =
2Z1 Z 0 3Zf pu

3.3.6 COORDINATION OF ISOLATION AND SELECTION OF ISOLATORS

A. Level of isolation

The selection of the insulation level for the installations and equipment of the overhead primary network
the project will be carried out in accordance with IEC Publication 71-1, 1972 and its characteristics
specific to the area where these facilities will be located, taking into account.

Atmospheric overvoltages.
Industrial frequency surges in dry.
Environmental pollution.

Design Conditions:

Nominal service voltage : 10 kV

Maximum height of the project area : 3,892 m.a.s.l.
Environmental pollution level of the project area : Low (Light)
Type of Neutral Connection : Rigidly grounded
Ceraunic Level of the project area : 60
MODIFICATION OF AERIAL PRIMARY NETWORK TO SUBTERRANEAN ROAD INTERCHANGE AV. INDEPENDENCE AND CIRCUMFERENCE

B. Selection of insulators

The insulators that will be used in the study for being optimal from a technical and economic standpoint,
for 10kV are shown in the following calculation tables:

(ANSI Standard C29.6)

Class: ANSI 55-5
Voltage The frequency Dry 85
of Flameo Industrial (KV RMS) Humid 45
Average To the impulse Positive 140
(KV pico) Negative 160
Fugue line (mm) 264

3.3.7 FUSE SELECTION

The calculation of the short-circuit current of the line is carried out with the included equation.
continuation:

Where:
short-circuit power of the network (KVA)
U : nominal service voltage (kV).
Icc : short-circuit current intensity of the line (A)

Icc=14.45 kA. For Scc = 250 MVA and U= 10kV

Considering a FAST response time.

We selected the 15K type chicote fuse.

3.3.8 TRANSFORMER SELECTION

Does not require

3.3.9 SELECTION OF THERMOMAGNETIC CIRCUIT BREAKERS

Does not require

 MODIFICATION OF OVERHEAD PRIMARY NETWORK TO UNDERGROUND AT THE ROAD EXCHANGE OF AV. INDEPENDENCIA AND CIRCUMVALATION

3.4 MECHANICAL CALCULATIONS

3.4.1 MECHANICAL CALCULATION OF CONDUCTORS

GENERALITIES

The mechanical calculation of the conductor is done in order to ensure the conductor
good working conditions in the Hypotheses formulated later.
It is also important for the optimization of the use of supports that will be employed in the
project.

The mechanical calculation of the conductors is carried out taking into account the standards of the
DGE/MEM, the CNE, and international standards and recommendations.

I. CALCULATION BASES

CHARACTERISTICS OF ALUMINUM ALLOY CONDUCTORS TYPE

AAAC (ALL ALUMINIUM ALLOY CONDUCTORS)
Nominal Section Conductor mm2 70
Real conductor section mm2 67.40
Number of Threads 19
Outer Diameter mm 9.62
Unit Weight Kg/Km 133
Minimum Breaking Load Kg 1513
Elasticity Module KN/mm2 69.28
Linear Expansion Coefficient /°C. 23 times 10-6

II. BASIC CONCEPTS.

Load exerted by the wind on the conductor

Wvc = Pv (D + 2e) / 1000 (Kg/m)

Pv = K*V2*D (Kg/m)

Load exerted by the ice on the conductor

Whc = 0.00268 (D*e + e²) (Kg/m)

Resulting unit weight

Wr² = (( Wc + Whc)² + Wvc²) (Kg/m)

Tensile strength

Tr = sr S (Kg)

Maximum tension

Tmax = Tr / Cs (Kg)

Maximum effort

Smax = Tmax / S
 Modification of the aerial primary network to underground at the road interchange of Avenida Independencia and Circunvalación

Arrow

F=(Wr*d2/(8*S*Smax) (m)

Equation of the maximum arrow template.

Y=(Eh/d)2(0.04 fmax/Ev)*X2

Basic window.

dr = (Sdi3/ Sdi)1/2 (m)

Every day's tension.

Tmax/Tr*100 (%)

III. HYPOTHESIS OF CALCULATION

HYPOTHESIS I : MAXIMUM DURATION CONDITION

(EDS)
Temperature : 15º C
Wind Speed : 0 Km/h
Ice Overload : 0 mm

HYPOTHESIS II : MIN. TEMPERATURE AND MAX TEMP.

Temperature : -10 C
Wind Speed : 90 km/h
Ice Overload : 0 mm
HYPOTHESIS III : MAXIMUM TEMPERATURE
Temperature : 50º C (considering creep effect 10°C)
Wind Speed : 0 Km/h
Ice Overload : 0 mm
HYPOTHESIS IV : OF MAXIMUM ICE LOAD

Temperature : -10 C
Wind Speed : 45 km/h
Ice Overload : 6 mm

IV. STATE CHANGE EQUATION:

E Wr 1 d 2 E Wr2 d 2
( 2 ) 2* ( 2  E(T 2 T) ( 1 )  1 ) ( )
24S 1 24S
Where:
Cs : Safety coefficient
D : Conductor diameter (mm)
d : Vano (m).
dr : Basic winch (m).
e : Thickness of the ice sleeve in mm
E : Elasticity module (Kg/mm²).
Eh : Horizontal scale.
 Modification of aerial primary network to subterranean at the traffic interchange of Av. Independencia and Circunvalación

Ev : Vertical scale.
fmax : Maximum arrow in m.
Pv : Wind pressure (Kg/m²)
K : Constant of cylindrical surface conductors (0.0042)
V : Wind speed (Km/h)
S : Cross-section of the conductor (mm²).
T : Temperature in ºC.
TCD : Tension of each day as % of the breaking load.
Tmax Maximum tension in Kg.
Tr : Conductor breaking strain (Kg)
WC : Unit weight of the conductor (kg/m)
Wr : Unit weight resulting in (Kg/m).
Wvc : Wind load on the conductor in (Kg/m).
Whc : Ice overload on the conductor in (Kg/m).
: Coefficient of expansion in (1/°C).
S : Effort in (Kg/mm²).
: Admissible stress in (Kg/mm²).
Smax : Maximum effort in (Kg/mm²).
Mr. : Minimum breaking effort in (Kg/mm²).

Note : Subindices 1 and 2 indicate initial and final conditions respectively.

V. CALCULATION OF THE MAXIMUM DEFLECTION

The arrow is given by the following expression:

FLAT LAND: LAND WITH SLOPE:

Wr* L 2
W*L 2 h
2

f = f = r *1
8*A* 8*A* L

Where:
Wr : Weight resulting from the conductor (kg/m).
L : Vano (m).
f : Arrow (m).
S : Conductor section (mm²).
h : Height difference between spans (m).

VI. BASIC SPAN CALCULATION

The tensioning of two conductors, held between two anchoring structures, must have the
same effort throughout the entire stretch of the line.

This is why the concept of basic gap is important as it allows us to absorb.

the voltage differences of the conductors due to variation of the span and conditions
meteorological conditions of the area.
It is given:

L13 L32 L33 ... L3n

L1 L2 L3 ... Ln

Where: L1, L2, L3 Vanos of the network

 MODIFICATION OF AERIAL PRIMARY NETWORK TO UNDERGROUND AT THE INTERCHANGE OF AV. INDEPENDENCIA AND CIRCUMVALATION

VII. MECHANICAL CALCULATION OF CONDUCTOR

The following tables contain mechanical calculation tables for conductors, considering
the weather conditions of the area.

The following table shows the reports from the DLTCAD 2010 software:
Hip Drop Level 1 Hip. 2 Hip. 3 Hip. 4 Hip. 5
(m) (m) Shot Weight (Kg)
10 0.1 272.34 272.36 0.01 382.36 382.39 0 355.15 355.19 0.01 328.2 328.24 0.01 97.72 97.74 0.02
20 0.2 272.34 272.37 0.02 382.01 382.05 0.02 355.77 355.82 0.03 330.53 330.6 0.05 101.95 101.98 0.07
30 0.3 272.34 272.38 0.05 381.43 381.48 0.04 356.78 356.85 0.07 334.23 334.33 0.11 107.67 107.72 0.14
40 0.4 272.34 272.39 0.1 380.62 380.68 0.07 358.15 358.25 0.13 339.07 339.22 0.2 114.02 114.09 0.23
50 0.5 272.34 272.41 0.15 379.6 379.66 0.11 359.85 359.98 0.21 344.83 345.04 0.3 120.53 120.62 0.34
60 0.6 272.34 272.42 0.22 378.35 378.43 0.16 361.84 362 0.3 351.28 351.54 0.43 126.96 127.07 0.47
70 0.7 272.34 272.44 0.3 376.91 377 0.22 364.07 364.27 0.4 358.2 358.53 0.57 133.19 133.33 0.61
80 0.8 272.34 272.46 0.39 375.27 375.38 0.28 366.51 366.74 0.52 365.45 365.85 0.73 139.18 139.35 0.76
90 0.9 272.34 272.48 0.49 373.46 373.59 0.36 369.1 369.38 0.65 372.9 373.37 0.91 144.91 145.1 0.93
100 1 272.34 272.5 0.61 371.48 371.62 0.45 371.82 372.15 0.8 380.43 380.98 1.1 150.37 150.59 1.11
110 1.1 272.34 272.53 0.74 369.35 369.51 0.54 374.63 375.01 0.96 387.98 388.62 1.3 155.56 155.81 1.29
120 1.2 272.34 272.55 0.88 367.08 367.27 0.65 377.5 377.93 1.13 395.49 396.22 1.52 160.5 160.78 1.49

VIII. STRUCTURES FORM

The table includes the structure sheet, taking into account weather conditions of the
zone
Structure Difference inVano
level Vano Ang. Ang. Parameter Long. Vano Vano
No. Conductor Quota Arrow
your Progressive Tie Horiz. Equiv. T.Left Left T.Derech Right oC Catenary Wind Weight
(m) (m) (m) (m) (m) (Kg) (°g) (Kg) (°g) (m) (m) (m) (m) (m)
0 PS1-0 AAAC-70 0 3892.13 0.01 60 116.05 0 0 50.79 -4.5 380.73 60.06 1.18 30 29.97
1 PS1-0 AAAC-70 60 3892.14 0.02 60 116.05 50.8 -175.48 50.79 -4.49 380.74 60.06 1.18 60 60
2 PS1-0 AAAC-70 120 3892.16 0.04 60 116.05 50.8 -175.47 50.79 -4.47 380.73 60.06 1.18 60 59.94
3 PS1-0 AAAC-70 180 3892.2 -0.06 60 116.05 50.8 -175.45 50.8 -4.57 380.73 60.06 1.18 60 60.7
4 PS1-0 AAAC-70 240 3892.14 0.01 60 116.05 50.79 -175.55 50.79 -4.5 380.73 60.06 1.18 60 59.62
5 PS1-0 AAAC-70 300 3892.15 -0.09 57.6 116.05 50.8 -175.48 49.09 -4.57 367.92 57.66 1.13 58.8 59.5
6 PS1-0 AAAC-70 357.6 3892.06 0.04 49.08 -175.61 92.08 -4.96 689.77 120.1 2.61 88.78 88.07
7 PS1-0 AAAC-70 477.55 3892.1 -0.07 120.05 116.05 92.09 -175.01 92.12 -5.01 690 120.2 2.61 120 120.78
8 PS1-0 AAAC-70 597.6 3892.03 0.13 119.95 116.05 92.11 -175.06 92.08 -4.91 689.77 120.1 2.61 120 119
9 PS1-0 AAAC-70 717.55 3892.16 -0.07 119.95 116.05 92.1 -174.96 92.09 -5.01 689.77 120.1 2.61 119.95 121.25
10 PS1-0 AAAC-70 837.49 3892.09 0.09 119.95 116.05 92.08 -175.06 92.08 -4.93 689.77 120.1 2.61 119.95 119.18
11 PS1-0 AAAC-70 957.44 3892.18 -0.06 119.95 116.05 92.09 -174.98 92.09 -5 689.77 120.1 2.61 119.95 120.96
12 PS1-0 AAAC-70 1077.39 3892.12 0.07 119.95 116.05 92.08 -175.05 92.08 -4.94 689.77 120.1 2.61 119.95 119.35
13 PS1-0 AAAC-70 1197.34 3892.19 -0.02 119.95 116.05 92.09 -174.99 92.09 -4.99 689.77 120.1 2.61 119.95 120.62
14 PS1-0 AAAC-70 1317.29 3892.17 -0.12 119.95 116.05 92.09 -175.03 92.09 -5.03 689.77 120.1 2.61 119.95 120.68
15 PS1-0 AAAC-70 1437.24 3892.05 0.14 119.95 116.05 92.08 -175.08 92.08 -4.91 689.77 120.1 2.61 119.95 118.6
16 PS1-0 AAAC-70 1557.19 3892.19 -0.01 119.95 116.05 92.1 -174.96 92.09 -4.98 689.77 120.1 2.61 119.95 120.96
17 PS1-0 AAAC-70 1677.13 3892.18 -0.07 119.95 116.05 92.09 -175.03 92.09 -5.01 689.77 120.1 2.61 119.95 120.45
18 PS1-0 AAAC-70 1797.08 3892.11 0.08 119.95 116.05 92.08 -175.06 92.08 -4.94 689.77 120.1 2.61 119.95 119.23
19 PS1-0 AAAC-70 1917.03 3892.19 -0.18 119.95 116.05 92.09 -174.99 92.1 -5.06 689.77 120.1 2.61 119.95 121.6
20 PS1-0 AAAC-70 2036.98 3892.01 0.05 119.95 116.05 92.08 -175.11 92.08 -4.95 689.77 120.1 2.61 119.95 118.77
21 PS1-0 AAAC-70 2156.93 3892.06 0.01 119.95 116.05 92.09 -175 92.09 -4.97 689.77 120.1 2.61 119.95 120.33
22 PS1-0 AAAC-70 2276.88 3892.07 -0.06 119.95 116.05 92.09 -175.02 92.09 -5 689.77 120.1 2.61 119.95 120.5
23 PS1-0 AAAC-70 2396.83 3892.01 0.14 119.95 116.05 92.08 -175.05 92.08 -4.91 689.77 120.1 2.61 119.95 118.95
24 PS1-0 AAAC-70 2516.77 3892.15 -0.05 119.95 116.05 92.1 -174.96 92.09 -5 689.77 120.1 2.61 119.95 121.19
25 PS1-0 AAAC-70 2636.72 3892.1 0.04 119.95 116.05 92.08 -175.05 92.08 -4.96 689.77 120.1 2.61 119.95 119.58
26 PS1-0 AAAC-70 2756.67 3892.14 -0.05 119.95 116.05 92.09 -175.01 92.09 -5 689.77 120.1 2.61 119.95 120.62
27 PS1-0 AAAC-70 2876.62 3892.09 -0.02 119.95 116.05 92.08 -175.05 92.09 -4.98 689.77 120.1 2.61 119.95 119.93
28 PS1-0 AAAC-70 2996.57 3892.07 0.13 119.95 116.05 92.09 -175.03 92.08 -4.91 689.77 120.1 2.61 119.95 119.24
29 PS1-0 AAAC-70 3116.52 3892.2 -0.16, 119.95, 116.05 92.1 -174.96 92.1 -5.05 689.77 120.1 2.61 119.95 121.77
30 PS1-0 AAAC-70 3236.47 3892.04 -0.01 120 116.05 92.08 -175.1 92.1 -4.98 689.89 120.15 2.61 119.97 119.26
31 PS1-0 AAAC-70 3356.47 3892.03 0.07 119.99 116.05 92.1 -175.03 92.1 -4.94 689.88 120.14 2.61 119.99 119.69
32 PS1-0 AAAC-70 3476.46 3892.1 -0.09 119.98 116.05 92.11 -174.99 92.1 -5.02 689.85 120.13 2.61 119.99 121.06
33 PS1-0 AAAC-70 3596.44 3892.01 0.02 119.98 116.05 92.09 -175.07 92.1 -4.97 689.85 120.13 2.61 119.98 119.5
34 PS1-0 AAAC-70 3716.42 3892.03 0.1 119.98 116.05 92.1 -175.01 92.09 -4.93 689.85 120.13 2.61 119.98 119.67
35 PS1-0 AAAC-70 3836.4 3892.13 0.03 92.1 -174.98 92.1 -4.96 689.85 120.13 2.61 119.98 120.54
36 PS1-0 AAAC-70 3956.38 3892.16 -0.04 119.98 116.05 92.1 -175.01 92.1 -5 689.85 120.13 2.61 119.98 120.54
37 PS1-0 AAAC-70 4076.36 3892.12 -0.07 119.98 116.05 92.09 -175.04 92.1 -5.01 689.85 120.13 2.61 119.98 120.3
38 PS1-0 AAAC-70 4196.34 3892.05 0 0 0 92.09 -175.06 180 1 0 0 59.99 59.66
 MODIFICATION OF AERIAL PRIMARY NETWORK TO SUBTERRANEAN AT THE ROAD INTERCHANGE OF AV. INDEPENDENCE AND CIRCUMVALATION

3.4.2 MECHANICAL CALCULATION OF POSTS

GENERALITIES.

The mechanical calculation of supports allows establishing the characteristics of posts and reinforcements.
to be used in the different branches of the line and are carried out taking into account the
breaking efforts, yield (permanent deformations) and instability, as well as the
mechanical resistance values stipulated by the C.N.E. Supply.

i. LOCATION OF THE SUPPORTS.

The placement of the supports will be done from left to right, taking into account the
following guidelines:

a.- The topographic profile will be properly utilized to achieve larger openings.
possible length.

b.- Care will be taken not to consider adjacent openings that differ too much in length.
trying as much as possible for these to be of the same length.

ii. BASE OF CALCULATION.

Driver section. : 70 mm2

Conductor diameter. (D) : 9.62 mm
Wind speed : 90 km/h
Wind pressure. (Pv) : 34.02 Kg/m2
Basic window. (d) : 80.00 m
Length of the Pole. (H) : 13.00m
Load work at the tip. : 400 Kg
Minimum distance over terrain. : 6.5 m
Height of the pole above the ground surface. : 1.6 m
Maximum conductor tension. : 70 mm2: 20.71 kN.
Safety factor. : Drivers : 3
Posts : 2
Application of the resultant force. : 25 cm from the tip

iii. CHARACTERISTICS OF CONCRETE POLES FOR RP

Length (H) m 13 13
Effort at the Tip Kg 300 400
Diameter at the Tip (da) Mm. 160 180
Diameter at the Base (da) Mm. 340 380
 Modification of Primary Aerial Network to Subterranean at the Intersection of Av. Independencia and Circunvalación

iv. SELECTION OF THE POLE LENGTH.

When selecting the height of the type structures, we will assume the final configuration of the
implementation of the three-phase system. To determine the height of the pole that needs to be selected,
we will use the following scheme and formula:

PRIMARY NETWORK
H = D + Fmax + HL + He

Where:
H Post Height
D Distance from the tip of the post to the bracket.
Fmax Maximum Arrow.
HL Height exposed to the wind.

Minimum distance of the conductor to the surface

of the Land
- On roads of 12 m 8.00 m
- On a 18 m road 9.00 m

H = 0.10 + 2.40 + 8.00 + 0.10H + 0.6

12.40 m

We select H = 13m

v. APPLICABLE FORMULAS.

- Moment due to the wind load on the conductors:

C) ( hi) Cos ( /2)

- Moment due to the load of the conductors:

MTC = 2 (TC) ( hi) You /2)

- Moment due to the loading of conductors on terminal structures:

MTR = TC ( hi)

- Moment due to the wind load on the structure

MVP (Pv) (hl)2(Dm 2Do)]/600

- Moment due to the imbalance of vertical loads

MCW = (BC) [(WC) (d) (Kr) + WCA + WAD]

- Total moment for normal conditions hypothesis, in alignment structure, without

retained:

MRN = MVC + MTC + MCW + MVP

- Total moment in terminal structures

MTC + MVP
MODIFICATION OF AERIAL PRIMARY NETWORK TO SUB TERRANEAN AT THE ROAD INTERCHANGE AV. INDEPENDENCE AND CIRCUMVALATION

Load at the tip of the concrete pole, under the assumption of normal conditions:
MRN
QN
hl0.15

- Bending effort in wooden trusses:

Ma b(hc)2
RC Ws
Ws ; 6 ;
Ma ( Qv) c)

Where:

Pv = Wind pressure on cylindrical surfaces, in Pa

d = Span length-wind, in m
Tc = Load of the conductor, in N
c = Conductor diameter, in m
= Topographic deflection angle, in degrees
Do = Diameter of the pole at the head, in cm
Dm = Diameter of the pole in the embedding line, in cm
hl = Free height of the pole, in m
hi = Height of the load i in the structure with respect to the ground, in m
Bc = Cross arm, in m
hA = Height of the broken conductor, relative to the ground, in m
Bc = Cross arm, in m
Kr = Relationship between span-weight and span-wind
Rc = Reduction factor of the conductor load due to breakage:
0.5 (according to CNE)
Wc = Weight of the conductor, in N/m
WCA = Weight of pin type insulator or insulator chain, in N
WAD = Weight of a man with tools, equal to 1,000 N
C = Circumference of the pole at the embedment line in cm
E = Elasticity modulus of the pole, in N/cm²
I = Moment of inertia of the pole, in cm²
k = Factor that depends on the way the ends of the post are fixed
l = Height from the ground of the application point of the retention
hc = Crossbar side parallel to the load, in cm
b = Crossbar side perpendicular to the load, in cm
QV = Sum of vertical loads, in N (includes the weight of insulator, conductor, and.
of 1 man with tools).

Whose results are shown in the attached tables:

Summary of load and stress on angled poles in r.p.

150
DISPOSITION mm²

Angle
B Mvci Mtc Feq Fn
(°) (Kg-m) (Kg-m) (Kg) (Kg)
5 871.04 2099.54 270.78 406.17
10 868.55 9457.07 921.67 1382.50
15 864.41 14163.10 1337.76 2006.64
20 858.62 18842.17 1751.33 2626.99
25 851.20 23485.37 2161.57
30 842.16 28083.87 2567.72 3851.58
35 831.52 32628.91 2968.99 4453.49
40 819.29 37111.83 3364.63 5046.95
 MODIFICATION OF AERIAL PRIMARY NETWORK TO SUBTERRANEAN AT THE ROAD EXCHANGE AV. INDEPENDENCIA AND CIRCUMVALATION

45 805.50 41524.12 3753.88 5630.82

50 790.18 45857.35 4135.99 6203.99
55 773.36 50103.30 4510.25 6765.38
60 755.06 54253.87 4875.94 7313.91
65 735.33 58301.17 5232.36 7848.54
70 714.19 62237.49 5578.84 8368.26
75 691.70 66055.33 5914.71 8872.07
80 667.89 69747.43 6239.34 9359.01
85 642.81 73306.77 6552.10 9828.16
90 616.50 76726.56 6852.41 10278.62

3.4.3 CALCULATION OF WITHHOLDINGS.

To compensate for the higher efforts of 300 kg and 400 kg in each specific case, in the
terminal posts, as well as on posts with a change of direction, will use retainers such
how to specify whose characteristics are:

Material Galvanized steel

Number of threads 07
Breakage Charge 1750 Kg
Safety Coefficient 3.

3.4.3.1 SIMPLE RETENTION

Tr*R
Fp Seek TR=
Cs

HE*Fp
HE 20° TR=
HR H R*sen
Where:

TR TrR Breaking load of the retaining wall

(kg).
TR Work pull (kg).
3.8 m HE Equivalent height (m).
HR : Application height of the
retained (m).
Fp Force at the tip of the pole
(kg).
Angle between the post and the retained. (20º)
Cz Safety coefficient.

So:
TR* H Rsen
FP=
HE
According to these results and comparing with the table of results for forces on posts of
Change of address is summarized in the following retention tables.
 MODIFICATION OF PRIMARY AERIAL NETWORK TO UNDERGROUND AT THE INTERCHANGE OF INDEPENDENCE AVE AND CIRCUMVALATION

PROFILE LEVEL PROJECT SNIP–MODIFICATION OF AERIAL NETWORK TO UNDERGROUND INTERSECTION

FROM AV. INDEPENDENCIA AND CIRCUMVALATION
MECHANICAL CALCULATION OF RETAINERS ,
,
Data for Retained
Application angle 0.35 Rad. GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION
Security Factor 2
Tmax
Height of application [hr] 10.50 m 0.70 m Fr
Type or degree Siemens Martin 0.40 m
Cable diameter 19.05 mm
Break load [ N ] 30989.00 N.
Tr
Maximum tensile strength of the retaining cable 'Tr' [ N ] 15494.50 N. 20
Max. Force that the cable will absorb 4881.05 N. he=

the withheld Fr (N) 10.8

hl = 11.5 10.40 13.0 m

CONCLUSION :

1. When the maximum force that the post can support exceeds the load of
breakage, then it will be used retained which will absorb 100% of
the force.
2. For maximum force values greater than 4881.05 N, will be used.
retained of 1/2'' diameter.
3. Maximum load that the pole will support, in [N] 5.00

1.50 m

3.4.4 FOUNDATION CALCULATION

Calculation of foundation posts allows us to determine the dimensions of the

foundations that will be made of concrete, which will be produced in accordance with the
INDECOPI Regulations.

Calculation bases

For the calculation of foundations, we will use the Valenci method, which is based on the fact that
that the post embedded in the ground tends to tip over due to the action of the acting force (F)
At the top of the pole, the equilibrium condition imposed by the method is the following:

Moment of tipping < Resistant moment

Mv < Mr

P 4P
F(h + t) <------- (a ----- ) + C * b * t^3
2 3bÒ
Where:

F = Force that tends to topple the pole

h = Clear height of the pole
t = Height of the massif
P = Total weight (solid, pole, accessories)
Ò = Maximum permissible pressure at the base of the massif
C = Coefficient defined by the density of the ground
a, b = Base dimensions.

The results are shown in the following table and the obtained value is greater than required, for
the dimensions are optimal.
 MODIFICATION OF AERIAL PRIMARY NETWORK TO SUBTERRANEAN ROAD EXCHANGE AV. INDEPENDENCIA AND CIRCUMVALATION

FOUNDATION CALCULATION OF POSTS

Position of db The Lp Massif s R Pesp.Vt Vpe Vm Wm q Mv M1 M2 M1+M2

Class Long.Fp (N) (m) (m) (m) (m) a(m) b(m) t (m) N/m² N/m³ N/m³ (m³) (m³) (m³) (N) (N) (N-m) (N-m) (N-m) (N-m)

Post 13/400 13 3,924 0 0 2 11 1 1 2 147,150 7,063 12,758 1 0 1 11,217 15,599 49,835 4,862 23,145 28,006

The values of:

s : Maximum allowable pressure.
R : Compressibility coefficient.
Pesp : Specific weight of the soil
Fp(N) : Maximum allowable load of pole/safety factor
Q : Summation of vertical loads on the pole 4382.00N.
Weight of the pole 2943.00 N.
Conductor weight with overload (span 70m) 310.84 N.
Weight of insulators and hardware 147.15 N.
Worker's weight with tools 981.00 N.
The values of :

s : Maximum admissible pressure.

R : Compressibility coefficient.
Pesp : Specific weight of the ground
Fp(N) : Maximum allowable load of pole/safety factor

Q : Summation of vertical loads on the pole 4382.00N.

Post weight 2943.00N.
Conductor weight with overload (span 70m) 310.84 N.
Weight of insulators and hardware 147.15 N.
Worker's weight with tools 981.00 N.

3.4.5 SELECTION AND CONFIGURATION OF THE GROUNDING SYSTEM

According to the CNE- Supply 2011, in all cases the ground conductor will be
made of copper or another metal or a combination of metals resistant to corrosion, during
the useful life of the installation, under the existing conditions and as long as it is possible will not have
joints will not be cut. If it is not possible to avoid joints, these will be made and maintained.
to avoid increasing the appropriate corrosion resistance. For lightning rods and
grounding detectors, the grounding conductors will be to the extent of
possible with the least impedance (length), straight and free of sharp changes in direction.

The installation drivers for primary surge protectors will have a

short-duration current capacity suitable under conditions of overcurrent
caused by a discharge. The grounding conductors of individual lightning rods do not
will be less than 16 mm copper2.

The electrodes designed for grounding should, as much as possible, penetrate to a level of
permanent humidity below the freezing zone. All exterior surfaces
The electrodes designed for grounding will be conductive, that is, they will not have
paint, enamel or other types of insulating coatings.

The electrodes for grounding may be: rods, wires, or wired conductors,
strips or plates, sheets or panels or a combination of them.
MODIFICATION OF AERIAL PRIMARY NETWORK TO UNDERGROUND INTERCHANGE OF AV. INDEPENDENCE AND CIRCUMVALATION

Selection of the grounding rod.- The grounding rods will be selected.

according to the land.

4L
Rt *Ln 1
2 L D
Where:

Rt Soil resistance
Ground resistivity /Km
L Length of the rod m
D Diameter of the rod m

The results of the grounding resistances vary depending on the types of terrain.
what must cover the primary network, the type of terrain that predominates in the project area
it is the CULTIVATION LAND

In case the recommended grounding resistances by the CNE are not obtained
Supply 2011, appropriate chemical treatments will be carried out until obtaining the
acceptable values.

CONTACT AND PASSAGE TENSIONS

Touch Tension.-Typical casual hand-foot circuit, from a structure with failure and
grounding.

The equation that gives us the value of the permissible touch potential is:

0.116
V acceptablee
( R 1kC
.5xs x)x
s
t
, for people weighing 50 kg

Where:

C 1 (Homogeneous Soil)
s

= eq ; for K=0
t = failure clearing time.

s Surface resistivity of the soil (ohm-m)

Then the touch voltage of the network will be:

xIf
V
eq
tread
2x xd ,
MODIFICATION OF AERIAL PRIMARY NETWORK TO SUBTERRANEAN ROAD INTERCHANGE AV. INDEPENDENCE AND CIRCUMVALATION

The d.d.p. depends on the distance to the two feet (d=1m)

It must be ensured that the allowable touch voltage must be greater than the voltage of
touch of the network.

Step Voltage - Casual contact foot-foot near a structure with failure and put to
ground, the magnitude depends on the distance between the feet.

The allowable step tension equation will be:

0.116
V Admissible (R k C sx)x
 6x s
t , for people weighing 50kg

C =1 (Homogeneous Soil)
s

s = eq ; for K=0
t = failure clearing time.

sSurface resistivity of the soil (ohm-m)

Then the network step voltage will be:
xIf
V
eq
pred
2x xd
The d.d.p. depends on the distance between the two feet (d=1m)
It must be ensured that the allowable step voltage must be greater than the step voltage of
the net.
In conclusion, to have greater reliability in the system as well as a higher degree of
security of individuals and according to the calculations, PAT's of the PAT-3 type will be considered in
All distribution substations to meet minimum safety standards.
the tensions of Touch and Step.

The respective analysis is shown in the attached tables:

 Modification of primary aerial network to subterranean at the traffic interchange of Av. Independencia and Circunvalación

CALCULATION OF GROUNDING AND

Step and touch tension

Dispersion resistance
FOR AN ELECTRODE

4L
Rt *Ln 1
2 .L a h

Assumed ground resistivity 240Ω/m

Length of the washing area 2.4 m
Washing machine radio 0.007937 m d
L
Depth of landing 0.3 m
Dispersion resistance 97.06Ω

Optimized Dispersion Resistance

Rt *Ln
r Ln
2 L d 12 D
Assumed ground resistivity 240Ω/m
Length of the washing line in m. 2.4 m
Landing depth 0.3 m
Fill resistivity 5Ω/m
Diameter of the well 1.5 m
Diameter of the electrode 0.015874 m
Dispersion resistance is = 13.33Ω
 MODIFICATION OF AERIAL PRIMARY NETWORK TO SUBTERRANEAN AT THE ROAD INTERCHANGE AV. INDEPENDENCE AND CIRCUMVALATION

CALCULATIONOFTHETENSIONOFTHESHOCK:

Rt
Vt (Rk )xI k Volt
2
Soil resistivity: r W/ m 240
Where:
Rk: body resistance in average value (1000.00)
Rt: Contact resistance of each leg. (2xr)
Rt= 750
0.116
Fault Current I k
t
Time duration of the failure 26.5 sec
Contact distance 1m
Solving we have:
TENSIONMAXIMUMPERMISSIBLE 30.98 Volt

TENSIONDETOCODEDESIGN
L2r 2 L
Ln( )
Vt Vb x r
4h
3L
(L
Ln(2L )
d
Rod Tension
Vb= 101.01
Vtoq= 24.16
VtoqDesign < Vtoqmaximum is met

CALCULATIONOFTHEPASOTENSION:

Vp (Rk2R )xI
t k volt

Ground resistivity: Withm 240

Where:
Rk: average body resistance value (1000.00)
Rt: Contact resistance of each foot. (2xr)
0.116
Fault Current I k
t
Duration time of the failure 26.5 seconds
r: Contact distance 1m
Solving we have:
MAXIMUMPERMISSIBLETENSION 56.33 Volt
DESIGNTENSION 24.16 Volt
VpasoDiseño is less than Vpasomaxima