FUNCTIONS OF LANGUAGE

Taken from my IPEP material:

This is music for old ladies

2. 'Let's go! It's gotten very late.'

3. "Will you come with me to the park tomorrow?"

4.No smoking

In April, a thousand waters

6. Greetings, farewells, and expressions of courtesy

7. Water boils at 100 °C

8. 'Antonio, prepare the coffee'

9. "Hello? Is anyone there?"

10. "Yes, yes, I understand you..."

11. The verb 'to have' is written with an 'h'

12.12. The dictionaries

13.The biology books

You've had me up to here.

15. Nouns are the words that designate things, people, animals, plants, or concepts.
abstracts

On Thursday afternoons, I go to play with my neighbor's console.

17. "Now means at this very moment"

18. "Sole, are you listening to me?"

Antonio Machado was born in Seville in the last third of the 19th century.

20. "Make the bed, please"

1) What function of language predominates in the following sentences? Explain why. In sentence a),
j), and n) could have two answers. Why?

Lisbon is the capital of Portugal

I'm tired of waiting!

c) When mental age and chronological age coincide, the IQ is one hundred.

e) How much do these shoes cost!

The sun was like the ball of fire that cast its wrath upon us

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I'm climbing the walls.

h) Excuse me, please

What a boring movie!

My soul is an empty carousel in the twilight of the evening

Picasso painted the Guernica in 1937

l) Keep moving!

m) Can you hear me?

The English word 'girl' means 'chica' in Spanish.

2) Indicate the predominant function in the following messages:

Good morning. How did you sleep?

b) I am very sorry for what I have said to you

c) At night it is already somewhat cold

d) All proparoxytone words have an accent.

Pretty little doll, with golden hair, pearl teeth, coral lips

Neither I nor my friends liked the movie.

What a misfortune of mine!

h) Fidalgo and hidalgo mean the same: son of something.

Don't interrupt again with stupid questions

If you look at her, her eyes light up like rainbows in the sea

Okay, good. Agreed.

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1. Función emotiva o expresiva:- ¡Ay! ¡Qué dolor de cabeza! / - ¡Qué gusto de verte! /- ¡Qué rico el postre!

2. Conative or appealing function: - Pedro, please bring more coffee / - Did you bring the letter? / - Andrés, close the door
window, please

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3. Función referencial: - El hombre es animal racional /- La fórmula del Ozono es O3/- No hace frío / - Las clases
suspended until the third hour

4. Metalanguage function: - Pedrito doesn't know many words and asks his dad: What does the word mean?
“scoundrel”? /- Ana meets a friend and says: Sara, which surgical operation are you referring to?

5. Phatic function: It consists of starting, interrupting, continuing, or ending communication. For this purpose, there are
Fórmulas de Saludo (Buenos días, ¡Hola!, ¿Cómo estai?, ¿Qui ´hubo?, etc), Fórmulas de Despedida (Adiós, Hasta
Then, see you, have a good time, etc.) and phrases used to interrupt a conversation and then
continue it (Sorry....., Wait a moment..., As I was saying..., We were talking about..., etc).

6. Función poética:-“Bien vestido, bien recibido” /-“Casa Zabala, la que al vender, regala”

http://inigo.sendino.org/academico/index.php?title=Functions_of_language

Reference: The plane will take off at six / The movie lasts two hours / I was born in Malaga / It is
six.

Expressive: I want to go to the theater this weekend / The show was indecent / I think that I should
cambiar de piso / ¡Viva la Blanca Paloma! / De la Navidad, prefiero los reencuentros / ¡Qué criaturita
more beautiful!

3) Apelativa :¿Quieres salir conmigo? / ¡Esther, abre ese archivo! / ¡Te he dicho que te calles! / ¡Vete! /
Hey, you! / It's three o'clock. I'm hungry / My husband, the shirts are unironed.

"The" is an article

5) Fática :¿Sí? ¿Me oyes? / ¿Eh? No te oigo, habla más alto / Buenos días

Poetic: Green I want you green / From the salon in the dark corner…/ I am in over my head…

http://www2.udec.cl/~vivergara/actividades/factoresyfunciones.htm

How long will it take you to finish the work? : APELATIVE

In a communicative process aimed at expressing the feelings of the sender, the linguistic function
the predominant one is the so-called: EXPRESSIVE

3) What function of language predominates in the expression: Please show me your identity card?
APPEALING

4) Factor of communication constituted by the system of signs, through which the message is transmitted.
What element of the communicative situation corresponds to the definition? : CODE

5) What language function predominates in the expression: I'm dying of sorrow if you leave! : EXPRESSIVE

In the context of a conversation, the intervention aimed at clarifying the meaning of a word.
used in the communicative process, complies with the so-called: METALINGUISTIC

7) A classmate tells another before a test: "I only know that I know nothing." What function of language?
what predominates in your intervention? : POETICS

If a telephone communication fails due to transmission or reception signal problems, it is correct to state
The problems stem from the sender;
d) Existen problemas con el código; e) Los problemas radican en el receptor.

What function of language predominates in the statement: One, two, testing, testing, can you hear me? One,
two, testing... FATIGUE

10) What function of language predominates in the expression: Participate and win! : APEALATIVE

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11) In an attempt to find out if the channel through which we communicate remains open and available for sending
of the message, the predominant function of language is known as: PHATIC

What function of language predominates in the statement: I can't stand this situation anymore!: EXPRESSIVE

In a communication process, everything expressed by the sender, received and decoded by the receiver,
corresponds to: MESSAGE

1st YEAR BACHELOR EXAM OF PABLO NERUDA:

1) Indicates the function of language that occurs in each of the following 10 statements (2.5 points). Note: a)
Only cite ONE function in each case. 2) Each correct answer will score +0.25, each mistake will be penalized with -0.1 and if
it is left blank neither addition nor subtraction.

1.1) The waves are caresses of the sea = POETIC OR AESTHETIC

1.2) The grammatical sentence is always a bimember sentence. It consists of two parts: Subject and Predicate.
METALINGUISTICS

1.3) If you want to save, at Burger King you must buy = POETIC-APPEALING

1.4) "It's so cold, I'm freezing!" = EXPRESSIVE OR EMOTIVE

1.5) The waves are undulations of the sea =REPRESENTATIVE

1.6) "Can you pass me the jam?" = APELLATIVE, CONATIVE OR DIRECTIVE

1.7) A toast = PHATIC OR CONTACT

1.8) Talking in a time elevator with a person you do not know = FATIS OR CONTACT

1.9) The anthem of Real Madrid in the Bernabéu stadium before the match starts = FATICA-EXPRESSIVE

I suggest you study more for the next Language exam = APELATIVA

__________________SOLUTIONS______________

FUNCTIONS OF LANGUAGE
Taken from my IPEP material:

1. "This is music for old people": emotive (or expressive)

2. 'Let's go! It's gotten very late': conative (or appellative)

3. "Will you come with me to the park tomorrow?" : conative

4. No smoking: conative

In April, a thousand waters: poetic

6. Greetings, farewells, and expressions of courtesy: phatic (or contact) language

7. Water boils at 100 °C: reference

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8. 'Antonio, prepare the coffee': conative

9. "Hello? Is anyone there? : phatic

10. "Yes, yes, I understand you...": phatic

The verb to have is spelled with hyb: metalinguistics

12.12. Dictionaries: Metalanguage

13. The biology books: referential

"You have me up to the nostrils": emotional

15. "Nouns are the words that designate things, people, animals, plants, or concepts.
metalinguistic

On Thursday afternoons I go to play with my neighbor's console.

17. 'Now means at this very moment': metalinguistic

18. "Sole, are you listening to me?" : phatic

19. "Antonio Machado was born in Seville in the last third of the 19th century": referential

20. 'Make the bed, please': conative

TAKEN FROM MY OPPOSITION MATERIAL:

1) What function of language predominates in the following sentences? Explain why. In sentence a),
j), and n) could have two answers. Why?

a) Lisbon is the capital of Portugal: REPRESENTATIVE (because the speaker is limited to informing, using
El sol brilla.

b) I am tired of waiting! :EXPRESSIVE (the sender expresses their tiredness, using a sentence
exclamatory and the 1st person of the verb

c) When mental age and chronological age coincide, the intelligence quotient is one hundred:
REPRESENTATIVE (it speaks of objective facts, as the indicative mood is used, the sentence
assertive and the 3rd person

e) How much do these shoes cost! :EXPRESSIVE (the sender expresses their surprise, using the sentence
exclamatory

f) The sun was like the fireball that hurled its wrath upon us: POETIC (it is transmitted in a way
embellished the message, using a comparison

I'm climbing the walls: EXPRESSIVE (the sender expresses their joy, using the 1st person)
person

h) Listen, please: APPEALING (the sender asks for the receiver's collaboration, using an interjection.
appealing

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What a boring movie!
evaluative and an exclamatory sentence

j) My soul is an empty carousel in the twilight of the afternoon :POETIC (information is transmitted
beautifying it with a metaphor) and EXPRESSIVE (the sender manifests their melancholy, their loneliness, when
rate your mood

k) Picasso painted Guernica in 1937: REPRESENTATIVE (it is a real and objective fact,
It is transmitted in a declarative sentence, in indicative mood and in 3rd person.

l) Keep moving! :APPEALING (the sender asks the receivers to take action, using the
imperative mode

m) Can you hear me? :PHATIC (the speaker intends to know if the receiver is paying attention to their words)

n) The English word 'girl' means 'chica' in Spanish: REPRESENTATIVE (the sender informs us of
meaning of a word

2) Indicate the predominant function in the following messages:

Good morning. How did you sleep? =FÁTICA Y EXPRESIVA

b) I am very sorry for what I told you = EXPRESSIVE

At night it is already a bit cold.

d) All proparoxytone words have an accent = METALINGUISTICS

Pretty little doll, with golden hair, pearl teeth, coral lips = POETIC

Neither I nor my friends liked the movie = EXPRESSIVE AND REPRESENTATIVE

What a misfortune mine!

h) Fidalgo and hidalgo mean the same thing: son of something = METALINGUISTICS

Don't interrupt again with stupid questions = APPEALING AND EXPRESSIVE

j) If you look at her, her eyes light up like rainbows in the sea = POETIC

k) Alright, good. Understood = FATTOID

http://www.profesorenlinea.cl/castellano/LenguajeFunciones.htm

1. Función emotiva o expresiva:- ¡Ay! ¡Qué dolor de cabeza! / - ¡Qué gusto de verte! /- ¡Qué rico el postre!

2. Conative or apelative function: - Pedro, please bring more coffee / - Did you bring the letter? / - Andrés, close the
window, please

3. Referential function: - Man is a rational animal / - The formula for ozone is O3/- It's not cold / - The classes
they are suspended until the third hour

4. Metalinguistic function: - Pedrito does not know many words and he asks his dad: What does the word mean?
"scoundrel"? /- Ana meets a friend and says: Sara, which surgical operation are you referring to?

5. Phatic function: It consists of starting, interrupting, continuing, or concluding communication. For this purpose, there are
Fórmulas de Saludo (Buenos días, ¡Hola!, ¿Cómo estai?, ¿Qui ´hubo?, etc), Fórmulas de Despedida (Adiós, Hasta
Then, see you, have a good time, etc.) and formulas used to interrupt a conversation and then
continue it (Sorry..., Wait a little moment..., As I was saying..., We were talking about..., etc).

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6. Función poética:-“Bien vestido, bien recibido” /-“Casa Zabala, la que al vender, regala”

http://inigo.sendino.org/academico/index.php?title=Functions_of_language

Reference: The plane will take off at six / The movie lasts two hours / I was born in Malaga / It's
six.

2) Expressive: I want to go to the theater this weekend / The performance was indecent / I think I should
cambiar de piso / ¡Viva la Blanca Paloma! / De la Navidad, prefiero los reencuentros / ¡Qué criaturita
prettier!

3) Apelativa :¿Quieres salir conmigo? / ¡Esther, abre ese archivo! / ¡Te he dicho que te calles! / ¡Vete! /
Hey, you! / It's three o'clock. I'm hungry / My darling, the shirts are unironeds.

4) Metalanguage: 'The' is an article

5) Fática :¿Sí? ¿Me oyes? / ¿Eh? No te oigo, habla más alto / Buenos días

6) Poetic: Green I want you green / From the parlor in the dark corner... / I'm in over my head...

Unable to access the provided URL. Please provide text for translation.

1)How long will it take you to finish the work? : APEALING

In a communicative process aimed at expressing the sender's feelings, the linguistic function
the predominant one is the so-called: EXPRESSIVE

3) What function of language predominates in the expression: Please show me your identity card?
APPEALING

4) Factor of communication constituted by the system of signs, through which the message is transmitted.
What element of the communicative situation does the definition correspond to? : CODE

5) What function of language predominates in the expression: I'm dying of sorrow if you leave!: EXPRESSIVE

6) In the context of a conversation, the intervention aimed at clarifying the meaning of a word.
used in the communicative process, fulfills what is called: MEATALINGUISTICS

7) A companion tells another before a test: "I only know that I know nothing." What function of language?
what predominates in his intervention? : POETICS

8) If a telephone communication fails due to transmission or reception signal problems, it is correct to state
a) The problems arise from the sender; b) THE PROBLEMS RESIDE IN THE CHANNEL; c) The context fails;
d) There are problems with the code; e) The problems lie with the receiver.

9) What function of language predominates in the statement: One, two, testing, testing, can you hear me? One,
two, testing... FATIGUE

10) What function of language predominates in the expression: Participate and win! : APELATIVA

11) In an attempt to find out if the channel through which we communicate remains open and available for sending
of the message, the predominant function of language is called: PHATIC

12) What language function predominates in the statement: I can't take this situation anymore!: EXPRESSIVE

13) In a communicative process, everything expressed by the sender, received and decoded by the receiver,
corresponds to: MESSAGE

1st Baccalaureate Exam of Pablo Neruda:

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1) Indicate the function of language that is present in each of the following 10 statements (2.5 points). Notes: a)
Only cite ONE function in each case. 2) Each correct answer will score +0.25, each mistake will be penalized with -0.1 and if
it is left blank neither addition nor subtraction.

The waves are caresses of the sea = POETIC OR AESTHETIC

1.2) The grammatical sentence is always a bimember sentence. It consists of two members: Subject and Predicate.
METALINGUISTICS

1.3) If you want to save, at Burger King you must buy = POETIC-APPELLATIVE

1.4) "How cold it is, I'm freezing!" = EXPRESSIVE OR EMOTIVE

1.5) The waves are undulations of the sea =REPRESENTATIVE

1.6) "Can you pass me the jam?" = APELATIVA, CONATIVA OR DIRECTIVE

1.7) A toast = FATICA OR CONTACT

1.8) Talking in an elevator of time with a person you do not know = PHATIC OR CONTACT

1.9) The anthem of Real Madrid in the Bernabéu stadium before the match begins = FATURAL-EXPRESSIVE

I suggest that you study more for the next Language exam = APELATIVA