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10 views3 pagesDeductive and Inductive Arguments
The document describes deductive and inductive arguments. Deductive arguments start from general premises to reach particular conclusions, while inductive arguments do the opposite, starting from particular cases to reach general conclusions. Examples of both types of arguments are provided, illustrating how they work and differentiating them.
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
10 views3 pagesDeductive and Inductive Arguments
The document describes deductive and inductive arguments. Deductive arguments start from general premises to reach particular conclusions, while inductive arguments do the opposite, starting from particular cases to reach general conclusions. Examples of both types of arguments are provided, illustrating how they work and differentiating them.
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Deductive and inductive arguments
The deductive argument basically has a logical basis. In this case, the premises are
true, consequently the conclusion is also true. It always starts from a hypothesis.
to later try to affirm or refute it and arrive at a conclusion.
Not necessarily do deductive arguments have to be true, but they...
they present more convincing arguments that make the reader doubt, guiding them toward
responses are not always correct, even if their parts (premises) are logical. It is the type of
reasoning that can lead to discriminatory practices or false conclusions about a
person. The deductive argument goes from the general to the particular.
The inductive argument is a type of reasoning that consists of drawing conclusions.
general conclusions are derived from individual data or premises. In inductive arguments, if the
If the premises are true, it is deduced that the conclusion is also true by extension.
Inductive arguments do not have a logical basis, so the conclusions drawn from them
What the person receives may or may not be true, but mere induction is not enough.
The inductive argument starts from the individual and then generalizes to the conclusion.
Seealso:Examples of argumentation.
Examples of deductive argument
Most students use digital media to study.
Mariana is a student
Mariana surely uses digital means to study.
All men are mortal
Socrates is a man
Socrates is mortal
Teenagers wear skirts during the summer.
Anahí is a teenager
Surely Anahí wears skirts in summer
All politicians are corrupt
Deputy XX is a politician.
So the deputy XX must be corrupt.
All men are treacherous
Juan is a man
So Juan must be treacherous
All Jews are stingy.
Ricardo is Jewish
So Ricardo is stingy.
The citizens of that country community like alcohol a lot.
Juan is a member of that community
So Juan must drink a lot of alcohol
All Latin Americans are criminals
Rubén is Latin American
Consequently, Rubén is a criminal.
All plants need water to live.
Roses are plants
Roses need water to live.
Examples of inductive argument
María ate chocolate but it didn't agree with her.
Sandra also ate chocolate and it didn't sit well with her.
If you eat chocolate, it will make you sick.
Antonio worked as a construction worker but was walking on a ledge.
he/she injured a leg.
Julián also worked as a construction worker and injured a shoulder while
falling from a roof
If you work as a construction worker, you can suffer an accident.
Socrates is a man
Socrates is mortal
All men are mortal
Felipe is sweet and hardworking
His wife María is a sweet and hardworking person.
The children of both are surely sweet and hardworking
Candela is very polite and helpful.
Javier is very polite and helpful.
They are siblings
So all of your family must be educated and helpful
In a truck containing 300 boxes of merchandise, one was found that
it contained a broken vase.
Upon opening a second box, a broken cold porcelain ornament was found:
Perhaps all the objects are broken
The heat affects the polar bear
Rosita, the bear from the zoo in my city is a polar bear.
So Rosita should suffer from a lot of heat in summer
Ana, Juan, Pedro, and Lucas are siblings.
Ana is hungry
Lucas is hungry too
Then Juan is also hungry.
The market store closed early yesterday.
The shoe store also closed early yesterday
It is likely that all businesses will close early today.
The refrigerator broke down after the high voltage that the company mistakenly sent.
electric
The washing machine broke down after the power surge.
It is likely that appliances at home will continue to break down.