Cyclone Sizing
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ScribdTranslationsCyclone Sizing
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ScribdTranslations3. SEPARATORS TO CYCLONE.
It is the most used equipment for dust collection.
Fields of Application:
Remove solids and/or liquids from gases;
Generally used to remove particles larger than 5Q m.
Flow Model:
The trajectory of the gas: Double spiral.
The gas spirals down through the periphery and rises up through the central part.
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3.1. Conventional Cyclones.
With the geometric relationships:
When the gas enters the cyclone, its velocity undergoes a distribution, so that the
the tangential component of velocity increases with the decrease of the radius, according to a law of
form:
(4)
The radial acceleration aC= [ .r2
(5)
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3.2. Efficiency of Capture.
Various authors have investigated the theoretical duration of particle movement in the cyclone and
They made a theoretical forecast of the equipment's performance.
Several theoretical and semi-empirical expressions have been proposed to predict the efficiency of
capture of a cyclone, but still the experimental methods are more reliable.
LCollection Efficiency
D¶ = Cut diameter of the particle size whose collection efficiency is 50% in the cyclone
considered.
In practice, what is specified in the project is the desired separation efficiency for
particles of a certain size D.
Empirical relationship of Rosin, Rammler, and Intelmann:
B = Width of the cyclone's inlet duct;
N = Number of turns made by the gas inside the cyclone (equal to 5);
v = Inlet gas speed in the cyclone based on area B.H (it is recommended to use 15 m/
s );
QGas viscosity;
V Gas density;
VSDensity of the solid.
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3.3. Sizing.
From equation (01) we have:
If N = 5
Calculation March:
After the percentage of the capitation is established, for particles of diameter D
specified from the efficiency curve, the value D/D¶ is obtained.
D¶ is calculated;
D is calculatedC( equation 02 );
The other dimensions are specified:
The height of the duct at the entrance:
Q = Design flow.
v = Accepted speed in the project.
That H{ DC/2 REDESIGN THE CYCLONE !!!
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o 3
Example02: An airflow at 50 C and 1 atm carries solid particles ofV1.2 g/cm S
3
flow rate of 180 m/min. It is desired to design a cyclone to collect 87% of the 50 micron particlesQ
I'm in suspension.
Solution :
87% D/D¶ = 3
-4
D = 50 / 3 = 16.67Qm = 16.67 x 10 cm
Calculation of DCand other parameters :
2
DC= 13.96.v.(V-VQ
S
Suppose :v = 10m / s = 1000 cm / s
3
VS1.2 g / cm
Height of the intake duct:
Q = 180 m / 3min = 3x10 cm /6s 3
H{ DC/2 REDESIGN THE CYCLONE !!!
New calculation of DCthe parameters :
Suppose: v = 7.5 m / s = 750 cm / s
Height of the intake duct:
H} DC/ 2
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3.4. Pressure Drop.
The drop in pressure in a cyclone and also the loss of load are expressed in a way
more convenient in terms of kinetic pressure in the vicinity of the inlet area of the
cyclone.
The losses are associated:
Friction in the inlet duct;
Contraction / expansion at the entrance;
Friction on the walls;
Kinetic losses in the cyclone;
Losses at the entrance of the output everything;
Static pressure losses between the inlet and the outlet.
Sheferd, Lapple and Ter Linden consider that the losses due to kinetic energy are
the most important within the cyclone and that are the only ones that should be taken into consideration:
VGas density with the powder, which is calculated based on the volume fraction of the
solid particles.
Ae= Entrance area = BxH
2
Exit area =T.DS/4
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3
Example03: It is desired to design a cyclone to remove particles of 20Qm (V= 1.8 g/cm S
3 -4
of a gas with a density of 5 g/l and whose flow rate is 2.1 m/s. Given= 1.96 x10 g/cm.s,
calculate the dimensions and evaluate the pressure loss.
Solution :
Let's establish an efficiency of 85%
D/D¶= 2.5
-4
D¶ = D/2.5 = 20/2.5 = 8 x 10 cm
Sev = 10m / s = 1000 cm/s
102.94cm{DC/2
So v = 15 m / s
DC122.7 cm
DS= DC/ 2 = 61.35 cm
B = DC/ 4 = 30.68
68.5cm$122.7 /2 = 61.35cm
Assessing the pressure drop:
(P = 296.76 gF/cm2
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Example04: A cyclone has a diameter of 90 cm and a height of 5.6 m. Based on the data below,
calculate the critical diameter of particles for this colony:
DS= 45 cm;
H = 45 cm;
B = 21 cm;
3
Q = 1.4 m/s of air;
3;
VS2.5 g / cm
-4
Q= 1.96 x 10 g / cm.s;
-3 3.
V= 1.2 x 10 g / cm
Solution:
B = DC/ 4
-4
D¶ = 3.854 x 10 cm
D¶ =5.8Qm