1.

INTRODUCTION

Music therapy is a young paramedical specialty, but with enough

scientific foundations of clinical-therapeutic order that allow to establish
clearly a working methodology and a series of techniques capable of being
developed.

In this world there are many diseases, many ailments or

problems that have been attempted to improve through countless therapies. A
the innate feeling of man is the aesthetic. This allows him to appreciate the
different types of 'arts' that are presented in the world and one of these
called arts, it is music. Music plays an important role in life of
people, both in their development and in their daily life, and this is how
howtiafectsn
i thesamewayn
i anypsychoo
l gcialprocess
of the human being. For almost all of human history, music and therapy
have been, in one way or another, linked to each other. Music Therapy
has created as a combination of this type of art with the functions of
a therapy to treat different types of ailments such as autism, paralysis
cerebral, emotional disorders, as well as for people with
physciap
lrobe
lmssuchascasesofdsiorder.

This art has been used mainly by Eastern cultures for centuries, without
The embargo in the West was only accepted from the 20th century.
promotedasanefecvtieparamedciadlsicp
in
ile.
 2. MUSIC
2.1 DEFINITION Music is the art of beautifully combining sounds.
having as the goal the transmission of emotions and feelings through the
printing.

2.1.1 SOUND AND SILENCE

Music is composed of two basic elements: thesoundsy

thesilences.

Thesoundit is the sensation perceived by theearupon receiving the pressure variations

generated by the vibratory movement of sound bodies. It is transmitted by
the environment that surrounds them, which is generally theairfrom theatmosphere. The

the perceptible absence of sound is silence, although it is a relative sensation,

since absolute silence does not occur in thenature.

2.2 IMPORTANCE OF MUSIC

Music allows work at different levels and objectives because it is very
variety satisfies one of the needs of human beings that contribute to
a better quality of life, each culture responds differently to
the different types and styles of music

2.3 EFFECTS OF MUSIC ON BEHAVIOR

Music has had on man the effects that he expected from its use,
either integrated with various functions or as pure aesthetic experience.

It is difficult to dissociate the physiological effects and the psychological effects of music.
Through the centuries, among philosophers, doctors, and musicians, there have been various

schools of thought that tried to explain the mechanism of responses to

the music. They oscillated between two theories: some believed that the music affected
primordially the emotions and awakened states of mind that in turn
they acted on the body; others thought that the process was the reverse: from what
physiological to the psychological.

A child music therapist, Louise E. Weir, has expressed: 'that sound affects
the autonomic nervous system, which is the basis of our emotional reaction.

Throughout history, man's responses to music have been

fundamentally similar influenced by the same factors; that is, the
the physical receptivity of man to sound, its sensitivity, innate or acquired to the
music and its mental state.

The man can only respond to the music of his civilization that he has.
for him a meaning and an emotion. His culture, or his civilization, is not only
ethnographic, for even within the same society, people's responses to the
artistic experiences vary according to one's social or educational background. In a
in the same society we can find people who have been deprived of certain
musical contacts or have been forced to turn to music; others have
discovered music by himself without any guidance. Some ignore or accept
only certain kinds of music without the interference of personal or social prejudices.
Some good listeners are born, others are made; it is not necessary
to discriminate against them. These factors are among the many that can help or
hinder the task of music therapy, which aims to offer its patients a
entertaining and effective means of communication.

Patients usually react normally to the elements of music to their

dynamism and its emotional and intellectual appeal. They normally react to
conventional character of music: cheerful, sad, exciting, or soothing.
 3. DEFINITION THERAPY

Based on theoretical definitions, it can be established that the notion of therapy is

associated with the branch of medicine focused on teaching how to treat

diversediseasesand facing the treatment itself.

3.1 TYPES OF THERAPY

Verbal (psychoanalysis): the patient is spoken to. By talking, work is done in areas
of our personality. Language operates consciously, we state the
whether we want it or not.

Non-verbal therapies: it includes non-language. Many tasks will be addressed.

through gesture and sound. Put them in a situation where they can be manipulated and
to manifest. We work in front of all expression. The gestures and sounds we make,
and how we do it, they express our personality in a closer, more real way
and sincere. Both therapies complement each other.

4. MUSIC THERAPY

4.1 DEFINITION

Music therapy can be defined from two perspectives: from the point of
scientific view and from the therapeutic point of view.

From a scientific point of view, 'Music Therapy is a specialization

scientific field that deals with the study and research of the complex sound-being
human, whether the sound is musical or not, tends to seek diagnostic elements
and its therapeutic methods.

From the other point of view: music therapy is a paramedical discipline that
use sound, music, and movement to produce regressive effects and
open channels of communication with the aim of undertaking through them the
training and recovery process of the patient for society.
We must not think, however, that music alone is therapeutic. The
music is the element used to facilitate therapeutic change. Thus,
when music is used in therapy, it plays the role of a guide, a facilitator or
of the bridge that leads the child to a therapeutic contact.

4.2 TYPES OF THERAPY

Verbal (psychoanalysis): the patient is spoken to. By speaking, work is done in areas
of our personality. Language operates consciously, we state that
whether we want it or not.

Non-verbal therapies: non-language is included. Many tasks will be addressed.

through gesture and sound. Put them in a situation where they can be manipulated and
to manifest. Work is done in front of all expression. The gestures and sounds we make,
and how we do it, they express our personality, in a closer, more real way
and sincere. Both therapies complement each other.

4.3 AS THERAPY

But music not only intervenes in the well-being of the body. It also
develops theattention span and fosters imagination and ability
creator, stimulates the ability to concentrate and thememoryshort and long
deadline, and develops the sense of order and analysis, facilitates learning and exercises
intelligence.

The same areas of the brain involved in musical perception are involved
also in language and in reading tasks. Researchers from the Laboratory of
Northwestern University (USA) Auditory Neuroscience suggested just
a year at the annual meeting of the 'American Association for the Advancement of
Science" (AAAS) that musical training improves language skills and
cognitive in children, both with learning problems and without them. From the
similarly, musical instruction, according to scientists, induces a greater
sensitivity to theemotions.
 4.3 OBJECTIVES OF MUSIC THERAPY

To promote one's physical, emotional, intellectual, and social knowledge

same.
Generate the knowledge of others, especially significant people of the
family, companions, and groups.
Promote the understanding of the physical environment.
Promote self-care, care for others, and care for the environment.
Develop perception and discrimination in sensorimotor areas.
Develop the expression

5. BENEFITS OF MUSIC THERAPY

5.1. To children

Difficulties in learning

Behavioral problems

Deep developmental disorders (autistic)

Children with mental deficiency

With difficulties in socialization

With low self-esteem

With chronic and/or degenerative medical conditions (cancer, heart diseases,

pain issues, etc.
5.2. PERSONAS

Degenerative diseases due to age (Alzheimer's among others)

Problems of drug dependency y abuse of substances
Damage cerebral due a to illnesses o traumas
Physical disabilities due to degenerative diseases or accidents
Problems of acute or chronic pain due to various conditions (sequelae of
accidents cancer, etc.). People with diseases terminals.

5.3. TO PERSONS WHO DO NOT HAVE HEALTH PROBLEMS

Reducing stress through making and listening to music as support in the process
of childbirth in women To increase creativity and problem-solving ability
problems to reduce anxiety

To improve self-esteem

To manage stress

5.4. WHAT DOES IT ALLOW PEOPLE TO DO?

Allows them to explore their feelings, Make positive changes in their state of
mood and in their emotional state.

Develop a sense of control over their lives through successful experiences,

Learn or practice skills to solve problems, conflicts and
improve social skills.
6. EXERCISES

6.1 APPLICATIONS OF MUSIC THERAPY

. In the psychological field, work can be focused on growth.

personal in children without problems.

. It is also used in hyperactive, depressed, aggressive children and is very useful.

in the treatment of autistic children to overcome their isolation and modify
behavior guidelines. Children with mental disabilities also improve.
his behavior and his ability to relate to others thanks to the
music therapy. Regardinga the children with physical disabilities,
music therapy helps to overcome the non-acceptance of one's disability and
its difference compared to the others.
. Within general medicine, it is applied in the treatment against pain, in
interventions and all kinds of diseases or situations that require a
psychological support for the child. In hospitals in the United States, it is normal.
see a music therapist responsible for calming the child before and after
of an operation or making him forget the pain he feels from an illness.
. We can consider taking our child to a music therapist if
we want you to express and communicate freely and fluently. Perhaps you
it is difficult to express your ideas and concerns verbally. In a session
of music therapy, a child who is ashamed to say that he feels lonely
you can express it by singing a sad song that talks about someone
that he is alone or someone who has feelings similar to his.
. In a collective music therapy session, we will achieve that our
Your son improved his relationship with the other children at school. The music, when
it is done in a group, it manages to enter each of the members and that creates
an emotional climate that allows for expression and sincere relationships
fullness. When he is able to relate positively to others
companions who do music therapy realize that they can do it
 same with other children when he leaves the session because he has learned new ones

ways to do it.
. With music therapy treatment, the child develops knowledge of
himself. He becomes aware of his flaws and his virtues regarding the
others. He realizes how and in what ways he is different from the others and that

this doesn't have to be negative. Moreover, the child often receives

gratifying experiences that help shape your personality.
. One of the fields in which music therapy seems to be very promising
it is related to language disorders. For example, children who have problems
of language due to an accident that has affected this function and cannot
they are capable of singing the words of a song that they remember or
that they are learning.
. It is useful for children who have problems situating themselves in space and the

time since it allows them to assimilate these concepts practically.

In addition, music therapy can be applied from the time the child is very
small since music is accessible to everyone thanks to its simplicity
structure.

6.2 MATERIALS FOR THIS TECHNIQUE

The material that is commonly used in a Music Therapy session is vast.

mainly due to the large number of activities that can be carried out in a
continuous treatment with deficient children (both physically and mentally).

We can mention the following objects:

Mobile whiteboard

Musical blackboard
Electrophone
Discs and cassettes

Bishops
Colored pencils
 Waxes
Folios
Aros
Strings
Fabric ribbons
Pelotas
Chairs
Percussion instruments
Projector
Projector
Video
Others

It is necessary to start the treatment using simple percussion instruments.

Following an ascending rhythm, we will classify them as:

Percussion
Melodic
Harmonics

7. Conclusion
Music therapy is a therapeutic technique that uses music in all its forms.
forms with active or receptive participation from the patient.
We all know how to recognize when a song feels "joyful" to us or makes us
it seems "sad". We generally associate our mood with the melody of
numerous works of all kinds. Well, precisely music therapy relies on
these melodies as a method to heal or reduce various health problems.

The basic idea is to recognize that a large part of diseases have their
origin in the brain, which then transmits a stimulus to a part of the body
determined to reproduce a disease. Music therapy aims to
to send stimuli to the brain that lead it to relaxation or cancellation
of those who reproduce the disease through various melodies with which
surprising effects can be achieved.

Nowadays, it is mainly applied in nervous imbalances, it influences

positively about the heart and lungs, alcoholism, drugs and how
suicide prevention, although it is still necessary to delve much deeper into
the theme.

8. BIBLIOGRAPHY

Anayanci Mazariegos Orantes

BRENER DE AIZEN WASER, Vida (1974): Music Therapy: Aesthetic Experience
and mental health. Comerial Industrial Publishing, S. R. L. Buenos Aires.
Bruscia, KE. (1998) Defining Music Therapy, NH: Barcelona Publishers
Paidos Editions. Barcelona-Buenos Aires. ISBN: 84-7509-161-X. Deposit
Legal: B-21.191/1982.
URL provided is not valid for translation.
Bachelor's degree in Industrial/Organizational Psychology
http://musictherapycnf.blogspot.com/2007/08/conclusion.html
Unable to access the URL provided.