CHAPTER NAME- MOTION

LEVEL-A
1. What is the nature of the distance-time graphs for uniform and non-uniform motion of an object?
2. What can you say about the motion of an object whose distance-time graph is a straight line parallel to the time
axis?
3. Under what conditions is the instantaneous speed equal to the average speed of a moving object?
4. What is meant by retardation? What is its SI unit?
5. Arrange the following in increasing order: 10 m/s, 1 km/min, 18 km/hr.
6.MCQ
i.A body is said to be in motion if:
a) It changes its position with respect to its surroundings b) It changes its shape
c) It changes its color d) It changes its size
ii.Distance-time graphs for uniform motion is:
a) A straight line b) A curved line c) A parabola d) A circle
iii.A car travels 100 km in 2 hours and then another 50 km in 2 hours. The average speed of the car is:
a) 75 km/h b) 37.5 km/h c) 50 km/h d) 25 km/h
LEVEL-B
7. A car travels first 30 km with a uniform speed of 60 km/hr and next 30 km with a uniform speed of 40 km/hr.
Calculate the total time of the journey and average speed of the car.
8. A toy car initially moving at a velocity of 18 km/hr comes to stop in 2s. Find the retardation of the car in SI units.
9.A car accelerates at 5 m/s². Find the increase in velocity in 2s.
10.A bicycle initially moving with a velocity of 5 m/s accelerates for 5s at the rate of 2 m/s². What will be the final
velocity?
11. If I travel from Mumbai to Pune (150 km) in 2.5 hrs via the Express Highway and return to Mumbai via the old
Highway (180 km) in 3.5 hrs, calculate the average velocity during the entire journey.
12. Assertion - Reason
i.Assertion (A): The motion of a body can be described only when we know its position with respect to some
reference point.
Reason (R): Motion is always relative.
ii.Assertion (A): Distance is a scalar quantity while displacement is a vector quantity.
Reason (R): Scalar quantities have only magnitude while vector quantities have both magnitude and direction.
iii.Assertion (A): A body can have zero velocity but non-zero acceleration.
Reason (R): Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity with time.
iv.Assertion (A): The slope of a distance-time graph gives velocity.
Reason (R): Velocity is the rate of change of displacement with time.
v.Assertion (A): A car moving with constant speed on a circular track has acceleration.
Reason (R): The direction of motion is continuously changing in circular motion.

LEVEL C
13.If a bus traveling at 20 m/s is subjected to steady deceleration of 5 m/s², how long will it take to come to rest?
14. For the given velocity- time graph answer the following.

a. The type of motion exhibited by the object. B. Displacement of the object

c.Retardation of the object. d.Initial velocity e.Final velocity
 15. For the given v-t graph answer the following.

a.Type of motion between: OA,AB,BC b.Acceleration between- 0 to 4

s,4s to 10s,10s to 16s
c.Find the distance traveled between - 0 to 4 s,4s to 10s,10s to 16s
d.Total distance traveled e.Initial velocity. f.Maximum velocity
attained.
16.A bus starting from rest moves with a uniform acceleration of 0.1
m/s² for 2 minutes. Find (a) the speed acquired (b) the distance
travelled.
17.A train is travelling at a speed of 90 km/hr. Brakes are applied so as
to produce a uniform acceleration of -0.5 m/s². Find how far the train
will go before it is brought to rest.
18.A motorboat starting from rest on a lake accelerates in a straight line at a constant rate of 3.0 m/s² for 8.0 s. How
far does the boat travel during this time?
19.A plane accelerates down a runway at 10 m/s² for 20 seconds until it finally lifts off the ground. Determine the
distance travelled before the takeoff.

SOLUTION

1. Nature of Distance-Time Graphs

Uniform motion: A straight line with constant slope (distance increases uniformly with time).
Non-uniform motion: A curved line (distance changes irregularly with time).

2. Motion of an Object with a Horizontal Line in Distance-Time Graph. The object is at rest (no change in
distance over time).
3. When is Instantaneous Speed = Average Speed? When an object moves with uniform speed (no
acceleration or deceleration).
4. Retardation is negative acceleration — when an object slows down. SI Unit: m/s²

5. Arrange in Increasing Order

Convert all to m/s:
10 m/s = 10 m/s

1 km/min = (1000 ÷ 60) = 16.67 m/s

18 km/h = (18 × 1000 ÷ 3600) = 5 m/s

Order: 18 km/hr (5 m/s) < 10 m/s < 1 km/min (16.67 m/s)

6. MCQs

i. a) It changes its position with respect to its surroundings

ii. a) A straight line (for uniform motion)

iii. Total distance = 100 + 50 = 150 km

Total time = 2 + 2 = 4 hrs
Avg speed = 150 ÷ 4 = 37.5 km/h → b)

7. Car's Average Speed

● First 30 km at 60 km/hr → time = 30 ÷ 60 = 0.5 hr

● Next 30 km at 40 km/hr → time = 30 ÷ 40 = 0.75 hr

● Total time = 0.5 + 0.75 = 1.25 hr

● Total distance = 60 km

● Average speed = 60 ÷ 1.25 = 48 km/hr

8. Retardation (deceleration)

Initial velocity = 18 km/hr = 5 m/s

Final velocity = 0

Time = 2 s

Use a=v−ut=0−5
2
= −2.5 2.5 m/s²
9. Increase in Velocity
a=5 m/s2, t=2 s

Δv=a×t=5×2=10 m/s

10. Final Velocity

u=5 m/s, a=2 m/s2, t=5 s
u=5m/s, a=2m/s2, t=5s
v=u+at=5+(2×5)=15 m/sv = u + at = 5 + (2 × 5) = 15
v=u+at=5+(2×5)=15m/s

11. Average Velocity (round trip)

Total displacement = 0 (because it's a round trip)

Average velocity = 0 km/h
12. Assertion-Reason
i. A = True, R = True, R is correct explanation

ii. A = True, R = True, R is correct explanation

iii. A = True, R = True, R is correct explanation (e.g., at the top point in vertical motion)

iv. A = True, R = True, R is correct explanation

v. A = True, R = True, R is correct explanation (direction changes ⇒ acceleration present)

13. Time to come to rest

u=20 m/s,a=−5 m/s2,v=0u = 20 m/s, a = -5 m/s^2, v = 0, u=20m/s, a=−5m/s2, v=0

t=v−ua=0−20−5=4 seconds t = v - u/a = {0 - 20}{-5} = 4 seconds

14. Velocity-Time Graph Analysis
a. Uniform motion
b. s= vxt = 50-0 /5 = 50/5 = 10m
c. a= v-u/t = 0 - 50 /5 = -10 m/s2
d. u= 50m/s, v= 0 m/s
15. NCERT Q.

16. Bus with Uniform Acceleration

a=0.1 m/s2, t=2 min=120 s, u=0, a = 0.1 m/s^2
v=u+at= 0+(0.1×120) = 12 m/s
v = u + at = 0 + (0.1 × 120) = 12m/s

s=ut+1/2at^2=0+0.5×0.1×120 x 120 =720 m

17. Train Retardation Problem

u=90 km/h=25 m/s, a=−0.5 m/s2, a=−0.5m/s2, v=0

s= u2−v2 = 625m
2a

18. Motorboat Distance

u=0, a=3 m/s2, t=8 s, u = 0

s=ut+12at2=0+0.5×3×64= 96 m

19. Plane Takeoff

● u=0,a=10 m/s2,t=20 s
● s=0.5×10×400=2000 ms = 0.5 × 10 × 400 = 2000m