DV & IIS Lab.

Memory Circuits

Department of Cyber Security

Ajou University
Manpyo Hong
RAM(Random Access Memory)

select

output
S
input

R/W(1/0)

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RAM(Random Access Memory)
• N X M RAM.
Where N is number of words
M is number of bits in a word

M input

K select N X M RAM Read/Write(0/1)

M output

Address K is Log2(N)

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RAM(Random Access Memory)
I2 I1 I0
4X3 RAM

BC BC BC
Address

A0
BC BC BC
2X4

A1 DEC

BC BC BC

BC BC BC
R/W(0/1)
O2 O1 O0

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Magnetic Core Memory

• IC-RAM : Non destructive memory

• Volatile
• Magnetic core memory : destructive
memory
• Non Volatile
• need an external
register for re-writting

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Memory operation

Address register
Memory Unit Read/write

data register

Read operation
Write operation

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ROM(Read Only Memory)

• 4X3 ROM
Address
Address D2 D1 D0
A0
0 0 0 0 1 2X4
0 1 0 1 0
DEC
1 0 1 0 0 A1
1 1 1 1 1

D2 D1 D0

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PLD(Programmable Logic Device)
• Programmable read-only memory (PROM)

Fixed Fixed
AND array Programmable
OR array

• Programmable array logic (PAL)

Fixed Fixed
AND array Programmable
OR array

• Programmable logic array (PLA)

Fixed Fixed
AND array Programmable
OR array

DV & IIS Lab.

PROM(Programmable ROM)

• 4X3 ROM
Address
$ $ $
Address D2 D1 D0
A0
0 0 0 0 1 2X4
0 1 0 1 0 $ $ $
DEC
1 0 1 0 0 A1
1 1 1 1 1
$ $ $

$ $ $

$. means fuse
which is disconnected high voltage is flew
D2 D1 D0

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 PAL(Programmable Array Logic)
C D

B W

A X X X
X X X X W

X
X X X x
X

X X
X X y
X X

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PLA(Programmable Logic Array)

X X 1 BC

X X X 2 X X
xor 0과 1을 토글
X X 3 X

X X X 4 X
X 1
X 0
힝싱 그대로인 값
C C’ B B’ A A’ F1

F2
항상 반대값이 나옴

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Performance Measure

• Cycle time = access time + restoration time

• Access time
• RAM : equal any position
• serial memory : different position

• Volatile : IC
non –volatile : Magnetic Core memory, magnetic Memory

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SRAM vs DRAM

• SRAM : Static RAM

• DRAM : Dynamic RAM
트렌지스터의 종류가 다르다

SRAM DRAM

material Flip-Flop Capacity

characteristic volatile non-volatile
requirement nothing refresh logic
speed fast slow
capacity small large
cost Expensive Cheap

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Memory Interleaving

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HBM
• MDA -> CGA -> EGA -> VGA -> XGA. by IBM
• GDDR : Graphic Double Data Rate DRAM
• HBM : High Bandwidth Memory

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