Python Basics
By: Micheale Hadera
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Python Basics
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Basic Syntax
.
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Python Variables
Variables are nothing but reserved memory
locations to store values. This means that when
you create a variable you reserve some space in
memory..
Python variables do not need explicit declaration
to reserve memory space. The declaration
happens automatically when you assign a value to
a variable.
python allows you to assign a single value to a = b = c = 1
several variables or multiple objects to multiple
variables simultaneously. a,b,c = 1,2,"john"
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Data types
Python has five standard data types
Numbers
String
List
Tuple
Dictionary
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Python Numbers
Python supports four different numerical types: var1 = 1 var2 = 10
int (signed integers)
long (long integers, they can also be
represented in octal and hexadecimal)
del var del var_a, var_b
float (floating point real values)
complex (complex numbers)
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Python Strings
Strings in Python are identified as a
contiguous set of characters represented in
the quotation marks.
Python allows for either pairs of single or
double quotes. Subsets of strings can be taken
using the slice operator ([ ] and [:] ) with
indexes starting at 0 in the beginning of the
string and working their way from -1 at the
end.
The plus (+) sign is the string concatenation
operator and the asterisk (*) is the repetition
operator.
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Example
User inputs:
Enter your name: John
Enter your age:25
Out put:
Welcome, John ! you are now 25
Write a program which accepts name and age input from
user and print it?
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Python Operators
Assignment operators(=)
Arithmetic operators(+,*,/,-)
Comparison operators(<,>,<=)
Logical operators(and, or, not)
Bitwise operators(^,&,|)
Data Type Conversions: Implicit or explicit
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Arrays
An array is a data structure consisting of a collection of elements
(values or variables), each identified by at least one array index or
key
Arrays and Lists
Index Notation
Displaying Array Members
Multidimensional Arrays
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Python Lists
The most basic data structure in Python is
the sequence. Each element of a
sequence is assigned a number - its
position or index. The first index is zero,
the second index is one, and so forth.
The list is a most versatile datatype
available in Python which can be written
list1 = ['physics', 'chemistry', 1997,
as a list of comma-separated values 2000]; list2 = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5 ]; list3 =
(items) between square brackets. ["a", "b", "c", "d"]
Important thing about a list is that items
in a list need not be of the same type.
Lists are mutable objects that can change
their values 11
Python Lists
Accessing Values in Lists: use
the square brackets for slicing
along with the index or indices
to obtain value available at that
index.
Updating Lists: You can update
single or multiple elements of
lists by giving the slice on the
left-hand side of the assignment
operator, and you can add to
elements in a list with the
append() method.
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Python Lists
Delete List Elements: To remove a
list element, you can use either the
del statement if you know exactly
which element(s) you are deleting
or the remove() method if you do
not know.
Basic List Operations: Lists respond
to the + and * operators much like
strings; they mean concatenation
and repetition here too, except that
the result is a new list, not a string.
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Python Lists
Common List functions
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Python Lists
Common list
methods
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Tuples
A tuple is a collection of tup1 = ('physics', 'chemistry',
objects which ordered 1997, 2000);
tup2 = (1, 2, 3, 4, 5 );
and immutable. tup3 = "a", "b", "c", "d";
The differences between
tuples and lists are, the
tuples cannot be
changed unlike lists and
tuples use parentheses,
whereas lists use square
brackets.
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Tuples
Accessing Values in Tuples
Updating Tuples
Delete Tuple Elements
Basic Tuples Operations: Tuples
respond to the + and *
operators much like strings;
they mean concatenation and
repetition here too, except
that the result is a new tuple,
not a string.
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Tuples
Built-in Tuple
Functions
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Dictionaries
Each key is separated from its value by a colon (:), the items are
separated by commas, and the whole thing is enclosed in curly
braces.
Keys are unique within a dictionary while values may not be. The
values of a dictionary can be of any type, but the keys must be of an
immutable data type such as strings, numbers, or tuples.
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Dictionaries
Accessing Values in Dictionary
Updating Dictionary
Delete Dictionary Elements
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Dictionaries
Properties of Dictionary Keys
dict = {'Name': 'Zara', 'Age': 7, 'Name':
More than one entry per key 'Manni'}
not allowed. Which means print "dict['Name']: ", dict['Name']
no duplicate key is allowed.
Keys must be immutable.
dict = {['Name']: 'Zara', 'Age': 7} print
"dict['Name']: ", dict['Name']
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Dictionaries
Built-in Dictionary Functions & Methods
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Dictionaries
Dictionary
methods
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