PHYSIC 101 OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS AND ANSWER

1. Which of the following is a fundamental assumption of physics concerning space

and time?

a) Space and time are discrete.

b) Events can occur only at a specific point in time.
c) Space and time are continuous.
d) Time can only be measured relative to the motion of objects.
Answer: c) Space and time are continuous.

2. The legal standard of length in France in 1799 was the meter, defined as:

a) The distance between two points on a platinum-iridium alloy bar.

b) 1/10,000th of the distance from the equator to the North Pole.
c) The distance traveled by light in one second.
d) The wavelength of light emitted from a krypton 46 lamp.
Answer: b) 1/10,000th of the distance from the equator to the North Pole.

3. Why was the previous definition of the meter (based on the platinum-iridium bar)
abandoned?

a) The bar was lost.

b) The separation between the lines was not precise enough.
c) It was difficult to measure light with accuracy.
d) It didn’t conform to international standards.
Answer: b) The separation between the lines was not precise enough.

4. In 1983, the meter was redefined as:

a) 1,650,761.73 wavelengths of orange-red light emitted from a krypton 46 lamp.

b) The distance traveled by light in vacuum during a time interval of 1/299,792,458 second.
c) The distance between two specific points on a platinum-iridium bar.
d) The wavelength of light emitted from a cesium-133 atom.
Answer: b) The distance traveled by light in vacuum during a time interval of 1/299,792,458
second.

5. The SI unit of mass, the kilogram, was originally defined as:

a) The mass of a specific platinum-iridium alloy cylinder.

b) The mass of one liter of water at 4°C.
c) 1,000 times the mass of a proton.
d) 1/1,000th of the mass of the Earth.
Answer: a) The mass of a specific platinum-iridium alloy cylinder.

6. Mass measures:

a) The total weight of an object.

b) The resistance of an object to a change in its motion.
c) The density of an object.
d) The total energy contained in an object.
Answer: b) The resistance of an object to a change in its motion.

7. Before 1960, the standard for defining the second was based on:
a) The oscillation of radiation from a cesium-133 atom.
b) The average length of a solar day in the year 1900.
c) The time taken for light to travel 1 meter.
d) The atomic clock in Paris.
Answer: b) The average length of a solar day in the year 1900.

8. In 1961, the second was redefined using:

a) The average length of a solar day.

b) The period of oscillation of radiation from a cesium-133 atom.
c) The speed of light in a vacuum.
d) The movement of the Earth around the Sun.
Answer: b) The period of oscillation of radiation from a cesium-133 atom.

2.1 Fundamental Quantities and Derived Quantities

9. What is a fundamental quantity?

a) A quantity that can be expressed in terms of other physical quantities

b) A quantity that cannot be expressed in terms of other physical quantities
c) A derived unit of measurement
d) A supplementary quantity

Answer: b) A quantity that cannot be expressed in terms of other physical quantities

10. Which of the following is an example of a derived quantity?

a) Length
b) Mass
c) Time
d) Area

Answer: d) Area

11. What is the main characteristic of derived quantities?

a) They cannot be expressed in terms of fundamental quantities

b) They can only be expressed in terms of mass and time
c) They are obtained by combining fundamental quantities
d) They have no physical dimension

Answer: c) They are obtained by combining fundamental quantities

2.2 Unit

12. What is a unit in terms of physical quantities?

a) A physical quantity that cannot be measured

b) A reference standard used for measurement of physical quantities
c) The process of measuring a quantity
d) A system for recording measurements

Answer: b) A reference standard used for measurement of physical quantities

13. Which of the following is the unit of length in the SI system?

a) Kilogram
b) Meter
c) Second
d) Ampere

Answer: b) Meter

14. What is the system adopted in 1960 to standardize the measurement of physical quantities?

a) British system
b) MKS system
c) SI system
d) CGS system

Answer: c) SI system

2.3 Fundamental Units

15. Which of the following is NOT a fundamental quantity in the SI system?

a) Length
b) Mass
c) Electric current
d) Velocity

Answer: d) Velocity

16. Which unit is used to measure temperature in the SI system?

a) Kelvin
b) Celsius
c) Fahrenheit
d) Joule

Answer: a) Kelvin

17. How is the second defined in the SI system?

a) As 1/86,400 of a solar day
b) The time taken for 1 wavelength of a Cesium-133 atom to oscillate
c) The time taken for the Earth to complete one orbit around the Sun
d) The period of Earth's rotation on its axis

Answer: b) The time taken for 1 wavelength of a Cesium-133 atom to oscillate

2.4 Derived Units

18. Which of the following is the derived unit of force?

a) Meter
b) Kilogram
c) Newton
d) Ampere

Answer: c) Newton

19. The derived unit for pressure is called:

a) Joule
b) Pascal
c) Watt
d) Tesla

Answer: b) Pascal

20. What is the derived unit for speed?

a) Meter
b) Second
c) Meter per second
d) Kilogram per second

Answer: c) Meter per second

2.5 Supplementary Quantities

21. Which of the following is a supplementary quantity in the SI system?

a) Time
b) Length
c) Plane angle
d) Mass

Answer: c) Plane angle

22. The unit of plane angle is:

a) Meter
b) Radian
c) Kelvin
d) Ampere

Answer: b) Radian

23. The unit of solid angle is:

a) Steradian
b) Meter
c) Second
d) Kilogram

Answer: a) Steradian

2.6 SI System of Units

24. Which of the following is NOT a fundamental quantity in the SI system?

a) Length
b) Time
c) Speed
d) Electric current

Answer: c) Speed

25. The unit of luminous intensity in the SI system is:

a) Meter
b) Candela
c) Watt
d) Kelvin

Answer: b) Candela

26. Which of the following is a supplementary quantity in the SI system?

a) Plane angle
b) Length
c) Mass
d) Time

Answer: a) Plane angle

27. What is the unit of plane angle in the SI system?

a) Steradian
b) Meter
c) Radian
d) Kilogram

Answer: c) Radian

28. The unit of solid angle in the SI system is:

a) Ampere
b) Radian
c) Steradian
d) Kelvin

Answer: c) Steradian

29. Which of the following is the unit for the amount of substance in the SI system?

a) Mole
b) Liter
c) Kilogram
d) Gram

Answer: a) Mole

2.7 Derived Quantities and Units

30. The derived unit of force is:

a) Newton
b) Joule
c) Watt
d) Pascal

Answer: a) Newton

31. What is the derived unit for power in the SI system?

a) Joule
b) Watt
c) Newton
d) Pascal
Answer: b) Watt

32. The unit of pressure in the SI system is:

a) Newton
b) Watt
c) Pascal
d) Joule

Answer: c) Pascal

2.8 Dimensional Analysis

33. What does the dimensional formula of velocity represent?

a) [M^1L^1T^2]
b) [M^1L^1T^-1]
c) [M^0L^2T^-1]
d) [M^0L^0T^0]

Answer: b) [M^1L^1T^-1]

34. The dimensional formula for acceleration is:

a) [M^1L^0T^-2]
b) [M^0L^1T^-2]
c) [M^0L^0T^-1]
d) [M^1L^0T^-1]

Answer: a) [M^1L^0T^-2]

35. What is the dimensional formula of work or energy?

a) [M^1L^2T^-2]
b) [M^0L^1T^0]
c) [M^1L^1T^-1]
d) [M^2L^2T^-1]

Answer: a) [M^1L^2T^-2]

36. The dimensions of pressure are given by:

a) [M^1L^1T^-2]
b) [M^1L^-1T^-2]
c) [M^0L^2T^-2]
d) [M^0L^1T^-2]

Answer: b) [M^1L^-1T^-2]

37. The dimensional formula for density is:

a) [M^1L^3T^0]
b) [M^1L^-3T^0]
c) [M^0L^1T^-1]
d) [M^1L^2T^0]

Answer: b) [M^1L^-3T^0]

38. What is the dimensional formula for electric current?

a) [M^1L^2T^-3A^-1]
b) [M^0L^0T^0A^1]
c) [M^0L^1T^-2A^1]
d) [M^1L^0T^0A^0]

Answer: b) [M^0L^0T^0A^1]

2.9 Derived Quantities and Units

39. Which of the following is the correct unit of velocity in the SI system?

a) Meter
b) Meter per second
c) Second
d) Kilogram per meter

Answer: b) Meter per second

40. The SI unit of force is:

a) Kilogram
b) Newton
c) Watt
d) Joule

Answer: b) Newton

41. The derived unit for energy in the SI system is:

a) Joule
b) Watt
c) Newton
d) Ampere

Answer: a) Joule

42. The derived unit for power in the SI system is:

a) Watt
b) Newton
c) Joule
d) Pascal

Answer: a) Watt

43. What are the dimensions of acceleration?

a) [M^0L^1T^-1]
b) [M^1L^0T^-2]
c) [M^1L^1T^-2]
d) [M^0L^0T^-2]

Answer: b) [M^1L^0T^-2]

2.10 Dimensional Analysis

44. The dimensional formula for velocity is:

a) [M^1L^1T^-1]
b) [M^0L^1T^-1]
c) [M^1L^0T^-1]
d) [M^1L^1T^0]

Answer: b) [M^0L^1T^-1]

45. Which of the following is the dimensional formula for work or energy?

a) [M^0L^1T^-1]
b) [M^1L^2T^-2]
c) [M^1L^1T^-1]
d) [M^0L^2T^1]

Answer: b) [M^1L^2T^-2]

46. The dimensional formula of force is:

a) [M^1L^1T^-2]
b) [M^1L^0T^-2]
c) [M^0L^1T^-2]
d) [M^0L^0T^0]

Answer: a) [M^1L^1T^-2]

47. The dimensional formula of pressure is:

a) [M^1L^-1T^-2]
b) [M^1L^1T^-1]
c) [M^0L^2T^-2]
d) [M^1L^-2T^-2]

Answer: a) [M^1L^-1T^-2]

48. The dimensional formula of density is:

a) [M^1L^3T^0]
b) [M^1L^-3T^0]
c) [M^0L^2T^0]
d) [M^1L^1T^-1]

Answer: b) [M^1L^-3T^0]

2.11 Additional SI Units

49. What is the unit for the amount of substance in the SI system?

a) Mole
b) Kilogram
c) Ampere
d) Candela

Answer: a) Mole

50. The SI unit for electric current is:

a) Ampere
b) Volt
c) Coulomb
d) Ohm

Answer: a) Ampere
51. The SI unit for temperature is:

a) Fahrenheit
b) Kelvin
c) Celsius
d) Joule

Answer: b) Kelvin

2.12 Derived Quantities and Their Units

52. The unit of acceleration is:

a) Meter per second

b) Meter per second squared
c) Meter
d) Second squared

Answer: b) Meter per second squared

53. The unit for the momentum of an object is:

a) Kilogram per second

b) Kilogram meter per second
c) Newton
d) Kilogram meter per second squared

Answer: b) Kilogram meter per second

54. Which of the following is the unit for pressure in the SI system?

a) Pascal
b) Newton
c) Joule
d) Watt

Answer: a) Pascal

55. The unit for force is:

a) Newton
b) Joule
c) Watt
d) Ampere

Answer: a) Newton
56. The unit for surface tension is:

a) N/m
b) N/m²
c) N
d) N.s

Answer: a) N/m

57. The SI unit for impulse is:

a) Joule
b) Newton-second
c) Pascal
d) Watt-second

Answer: b) Newton-second

58. The unit for angular acceleration is:

a) Radians per second

b) Radians per second squared
c) Meters per second squared
d) Kilograms per meter squared

Answer: b) Radians per second squared

59. The unit for electric charge is:

a) Coulomb
b) Ampere
c) Volt
d) Joule

Answer: a) Coulomb

60. Which of the following is the unit for current density?

a) Coulomb per meter

b) Coulomb per second
c) Ampere per meter squared
d) Ampere

Answer: c) Ampere per meter squared

61. The unit for magnetic induction is:

a) Tesla
b) Gauss
c) Ampere
d) Coulomb

Answer: a) Tesla

2.13 Dimensions of Fundamental Quantities

62. The dimensions of length are represented as:

a) [M^1L^0T^0]
b) [M^0L^1T^0]
c) [M^0L^0T^1]
d) [M^1L^1T^1]

Answer: b) [M^0L^1T^0]

63. The dimensions of mass are represented as:

a) [M^1L^0T^0]
b) [M^0L^1T^0]
c) [M^1L^1T^1]
d) [M^0L^0T^1]

Answer: a) [M^1L^0T^0]

64. The dimensional formula of time is:

a) [M^0L^0T^1]
b) [M^1L^1T^0]
c) [M^0L^1T^1]
d) [M^0L^0T^0]

Answer: a) [M^0L^0T^1]

65. The dimensional formula for acceleration is:

a) [M^0L^1T^-1]
b) [M^1L^0T^-2]
c) [M^1L^1T^-2]
d) [M^0L^1T^-2]

Answer: b) [M^0L^1T^-2]
66. The dimensional formula for velocity is:

a) [M^1L^0T^-1]
b) [M^0L^1T^-1]
c) [M^1L^1T^0]
d) [M^0L^0T^1]

Answer: b) [M^0L^1T^-1]

2.14 Dimensional Formulae of Some Derived Quantities

67. The dimensional formula for area is:

a) [M^0L^2T^0]
b) [M^1L^2T^0]
c) [M^1L^0T^2]
d) [M^0L^1T^1]

Answer: a) [M^0L^2T^0]

68. The dimensional formula for density is:

a) [M^1L^2T^0]
b) [M^1L^-3T^0]
c) [M^0L^1T^0]
d) [M^0L^0T^1]

Answer: b) [M^1L^-3T^0]

69. The dimensional formula for momentum is:

a) [M^1L^1T^-1]
b) [M^1L^0T^-1]
c) [M^0L^1T^0]
d) [M^1L^1T^0]

Answer: a) [M^1L^1T^-1]

70. The dimensional formula for velocity is:

a) [M^0L^1T^-1]
b) [M^0L^1T^1]
c) [M^1L^0T^-1]
d) [M^1L^1T^0]

Answer: a) [M^0L^1T^-1]
71. The dimensional formula for force is:

a) [M^1L^1T^-2]
b) [M^1L^0T^-1]
c) [M^0L^1T^-1]
d) [M^1L^0T^0]

Answer: a) [M^1L^1T^-2]

72. The dimensional formula for energy is:

a) [M^1L^2T^-2]
b) [M^0L^1T^0]
c) [M^0L^0T^1]
d) [M^1L^0T^0]

Answer: a) [M^1L^2T^-2]

73. The dimensional formula for pressure is:

a) [M^1L^-1T^-2]
b) [M^0L^1T^-2]
c) [M^1L^0T^-2]
d) [M^0L^-1T^2]

Answer: a) [M^1L^-1T^-2]

74. The dimensional formula for frequency is:

a) [M^0L^0T^-1]
b) [M^0L^1T^1]
c) [M^0L^0T^2]
d) [M^1L^0T^0]

Answer: a) [M^0L^0T^-1]

75. The dimensional formula for electric charge is:

a) [M^0L^1T^-3A^1]
b) [M^0L^0T^1A^1]
c) [M^1L^1T^-3A^0]
d) [M^1L^0T^0A^1]

Answer: b) [M^0L^0T^1A^1]
2.15 Uses of Dimensional Analysis

76. Which of the following is a use of dimensional analysis?

a) To check the dimensional correctness of a given equation

b) To establish relationships between different physical quantities
c) To convert physical quantities from one system of units to another
d) All of the above

Answer: d) All of the above

77. Dimensional analysis can be used to:

a) Predict the behavior of a system

b) Design experiments
c) Check the dimensional correctness of physical equations
d) None of the above

Answer: c) Check the dimensional correctness of physical equations

78. When using dimensional analysis, which of the following statements is correct?

a) The dimensions of a quantity can be expressed as powers of fundamental quantities

b) It cannot be used for checking the units of physical quantities
c) Dimensional analysis gives exact numerical values of quantities
d) It cannot be applied to the conversion of units

Answer: a) The dimensions of a quantity can be expressed as powers of fundamental quantities

79. What is the purpose of dimensional analysis in physics?

A) To measure physical quantities
B) To calculate velocity
C) To convert units and check equations
D) To determine the speed of light
Answer: C) To convert units and check equations

80. Which of the following is NOT a use of dimensional analysis?

A) Converting units between systems
B) Checking dimensional correctness of equations
C) Establishing relationships between physical quantities
D) Measuring temperature directly
Answer: D) Measuring temperature directly

81. What is the dimensional formula for the gravitational constant (G) in the SI system?
A) [M1L2T−2][M^1L^2T^{-2}][M1L2T−2]
B) [M−1L3T−2][M^{-1}L^3T^{-2}][M−1L3T−2]
C) [M−1L3T−2][M^{-1}L^3T^{-2}][M−1L3T−2]
D) [M1L−1T2][M^1L^{-1}T^2][M1L−1T2]
Answer: B) [M−1L3T−2][M^{-1}L^3T^{-2}][M−1L3T−2]

82. In the given problem, the value of GGG in the cgs system is:
A) 6.67×10−8 dyne cm2/g26.67 \times 10^{-8} \, \text{dyne
cm}^2/\text{g}^26.67×10−8dyne cm2/g2
B) 6.67×10−11 Nm2/kg26.67 \times 10^{-11} \, \text{Nm}^2/\text{kg}^26.67×10−11Nm2/kg2
C) 6.67×10−5 m2/s26.67 \times 10^{-5} \, \text{m}^2/\text{s}^26.67×10−5m2/s2
D) 6.67×10−9 cm2/g26.67 \times 10^{-9} \, \text{cm}^2/\text{g}^26.67×10−9cm2/g2
Answer: A) 6.67×10−8 dyne cm2/g26.67 \times 10^{-8} \, \text{dyne
cm}^2/\text{g}^26.67×10−8dyne cm2/g2

83. In the SI system, the unit of gravitational constant (G) is:

A) Nm2/kg2\text{Nm}^2/\text{kg}^2Nm2/kg2
B) dyne cm2/g2\text{dyne cm}^2/\text{g}^2dyne cm2/g2
C) kg m2/s2\text{kg m}^2/\text{s}^2kg m2/s2
D) cm2/g2\text{cm}^2/\text{g}^2cm2/g2
Answer: A) Nm2/kg2\text{Nm}^2/\text{kg}^2Nm2/kg2

84. What is the dimensional formula for Planck's constant (hhh)?

A) [ML2T−1][ML^2T^{-1}][ML2T−1]
B) [ML2T−2][ML^2T^{-2}][ML2T−2]
C) [M2L1T−1][M^2L^1T^{-1}][M2L1T−1]
D) [M1L1T−2][M^1L^1T^{-2}][M1L1T−2]
Answer: A) [ML2T−1][ML^2T^{-1}][ML2T−1]

85. The equation λ=hmv\lambda = \frac{h}{mv}λ=mvh is dimensionally:

A) Incorrect
B) Correct
C) Independent of dimensions
D) None of the above
Answer: B) Correct

86. Which of the following is a correct statement about dimensional analysis?

A) It verifies the numerical correctness of an equation
B) It ensures both sides of the equation have the same dimensions
C) It provides the exact value of a physical quantity
D) It converts temperature units
Answer: B) It ensures both sides of the equation have the same dimensions

87. The pressure equivalent to 76 cm of mercury (Hg) in the cgs system is:
A) 1.013×106 dyne/cm21.013 \times 10^6 \, \text{dyne/cm}^21.013×106dyne/cm2
B) 1.013×105 N/m21.013 \times 10^5 \, \text{N/m}^21.013×105N/m2
C) 1.013×104 dyne/cm21.013 \times 10^4 \, \text{dyne/cm}^21.013×104dyne/cm2
D) 1.013×103 N/m21.013 \times 10^3 \, \text{N/m}^21.013×103N/m2
Answer: A) 1.013×106 dyne/cm21.013 \times 10^6 \, \text{dyne/cm}^21.013×106dyne/cm2

89. What is the dimensional formula for pressure in the SI system?

A) [ML−1T−2][ML^{-1}T^{-2}][ML−1T−2]
B) [ML1T−2][ML^1T^{-2}][ML1T−2]
C) [M1L−2T1][M^1L^{-2}T^1][M1L−2T1]
D) [ML−3T2][ML^{-3}T^2][ML−3T2]
Answer: A) [ML−1T−2][ML^{-1}T^{-2}][ML−1T−2]

90. What is the dimensional formula for pressure in the cgs system?
A) [ML−1T−2][ML^{-1}T^{-2}][ML−1T−2]
B) [M1L−1T−2][M^1L^{-1}T^{-2}][M1L−1T−2]
C) [ML−3T−2][ML^{-3}T^{-2}][ML−3T−2]
D) [M2L−2T−1][M^2L^{-2}T^{-1}][M2L−2T−1]
Answer: B) [M1L−1T−2][M^1L^{-1}T^{-2}][M1L−1T−2]

91. The pressure equivalent to 76 cm of mercury (Hg) in the SI system is approximately:

A) 1.01×105 N/m21.01 \times 10^5 \, \text{N/m}^21.01×105N/m2
B) 1.01×104 N/m21.01 \times 10^4 \, \text{N/m}^21.01×104N/m2
C) 1.01×103 N/m21.01 \times 10^3 \, \text{N/m}^21.01×103N/m2
D) 1.01×106 N/m21.01 \times 10^6 \, \text{N/m}^21.01×106N/m2
Answer: A) 1.01×105 N/m21.01 \times 10^5 \, \text{N/m}^21.01×105N/m2

92. What term is used to describe the shortest distance between the initial and final position of a
particle?
A) Speed
B) Distance
C) Displacement
D) Path length
Answer: C) Displacement

93. Which of the following statements is true about speed?

A) Speed is a vector quantity
B) Speed is a scalar quantity
C) Speed is always negative
D) Speed is equal to displacement
Answer: B) Speed is a scalar quantity

94. The rate of change of displacement of a particle is known as:

A) Speed
B) Acceleration
C) Velocity
D) Force
Answer: C) Velocity

95. When is the velocity considered variable or non-uniform?

A) When it covers equal displacements in equal intervals of time
B) When it covers unequal displacements in equal intervals of time
C) When it maintains a fixed direction
D) When both the rate of motion and direction remain constant
Answer: B) When it covers unequal displacements in equal intervals of time

96. The average velocity of a body is defined as:

A) Change in speed / change in time
B) Change in displacement / change in time
C) Total distance / total time
D) Final velocity - initial velocity
Answer: B) Change in displacement / change in time

97 The formula for average velocity is given by:

A) ΔsΔt\frac{\Delta s}{\Delta t}ΔtΔs
B) s1+s22\frac{s_1 + s_2}{2}2s1+s2
C) v+uv + uv+u
D) v×tv \times tv×t
Answer: A) ΔsΔt\frac{\Delta s}{\Delta t}ΔtΔs

98. Acceleration is defined as:

A) The rate of change of distance
B) The rate of change of velocity
C) The rate of change of displacement
D) The rate of change of speed
Answer: B) The rate of change of velocity

99. The instantaneous acceleration is mathematically expressed as:

A) dvdt\frac{dv}{dt}dtdv
B) dsdt\frac{ds}{dt}dtds
C) vt\frac{v}{t}tv
D) a×ta \times ta×t
Answer: A) dvdt\frac{dv}{dt}dtdv

100. When the velocity of an object decreases with time, the acceleration is:
A) Positive
B) Negative
C) Zero
D) Constant
Answer: B) Negative
101. Negative acceleration is also known as:
A) Retardation
B) Deceleration
C) Both A and B
D) Uniform acceleration
Answer: C) Both A and B

102. A particle is said to be in uniform motion if it:

A) Moves with increasing velocity
B) Moves with constant velocity
C) Moves with decreasing velocity
D) Changes direction frequently
Answer: B) Moves with constant velocity

103.Which of the following equations of motion relates final velocity (v), initial velocity (u),
acceleration (a), and time (t)?
A) v=u+atv = u + atv=u+at
B) v=u−atv = u - atv=u−at
C) v=at−uv = at - uv=at−u
D) v=u×atv = u \times atv=u×at
Answer: A) v=u+atv = u + atv=u+at

103. If the velocity of a body changes from uuu to vvv in time ttt, the acceleration can be calculated
as:
A) a=v−uta = \frac{v - u}{t}a=tv−u
B) a=u−vta = \frac{u - v}{t}a=tu−v
C) a=v×ta = v \times ta=v×t
D) a=u×ta = u \times ta=u×t
Answer: A) a=v−uta = \frac{v - u}{t}a=tv−u

104. The equation of motion that relates displacement sss, initial velocity uuu, acceleration aaa, and
time ttt is:
A) s=ut+12at2s = ut + \frac{1}{2}at^2s=ut+21at2
B) s=vt+12at2s = vt + \frac{1}{2}at^2s=vt+21at2
C) s=at+12ut2s = at + \frac{1}{2}ut^2s=at+21ut2
D) s=12(u+v)ts = \frac{1}{2}(u+v)ts=21(u+v)t
Answer: A) s=ut+12at2s = ut + \frac{1}{2}at^2s=ut+21at2

105. Which equation of motion is derived using the relation ds=vdtds = vdtds=vdt?
A) s=ut+12at2s = ut + \frac{1}{2}at^2s=ut+21at2
B) v2=u2+2asv^2 = u^2 + 2asv2=u2+2as
C) v=u+atv = u + atv=u+at
D) s=12(u+v)ts = \frac{1}{2}(u+v)ts=21(u+v)t
Answer: A) s=ut+12at2s = ut + \frac{1}{2}at^2s=ut+21at2
106. The equation v2=u2+2asv^2 = u^2 + 2asv2=u2+2as is derived from:
A) The definition of acceleration
B) The definition of velocity
C) The equation v=u+atv = u + atv=u+at
D) The equation s=ut+12at2s = ut + \frac{1}{2}at^2s=ut+21at2
Answer: C) The equation v=u+atv = u + atv=u+at

107. In the given problem, the driver of a car traveling at 72 kmph observes the light turning red 300
m ahead. What is the initial speed of the car in m/s?
A) 20 m/s
B) 25 m/s
C) 30 m/s
D) 35 m/s
Answer: A) 20 m/s

108. The time for which the traffic light remains red is:
A) 15 seconds
B) 20 seconds
C) 25 seconds
D) 30 seconds
Answer: B) 20 seconds

109. The initial velocity of the second stone thrown upwards from the foot of the tower is:
A) 20 m/s
B) 25 m/s
C) 30 m/s
D) 35 m/s
Answer: B) 25 m/s

109. The acceleration due to gravity (ggg) used in the calculation is:
A) 9.8 m/s29.8 \, \text{m/s}^29.8m/s2
B) 9.81 m/s29.81 \, \text{m/s}^29.81m/s2
C) 9.7 m/s29.7 \, \text{m/s}^29.7m/s2
D) 10 m/s210 \, \text{m/s}^210m/s2
Answer: A) 9.8 m/s29.8 \, \text{m/s}^29.8m/s2

120. Which of the following statements correctly represents Newton’s first law of motion?
A) Every object continues in its state of rest or uniform motion unless acted upon by an external
force.
B) The force acting on an object is equal to the rate of change of momentum.
C) Every action has an equal and opposite reaction.
D) The force on a body is directly proportional to its mass and acceleration.
Answer: A) Every object continues in its state of rest or uniform motion unless acted upon by an
external force.
121. Which property of a body does Newton's first law of motion describe?
A) Momentum
B) Acceleration
C) Inertia
D) Force
Answer: C) Inertia

122. The inertia which resists a change from a state of rest to motion is called:
A) Inertia of motion
B) Inertia of rest
C) Inertia of direction
D) Inertia of force
Answer: B) Inertia of rest

123. Which of the following is NOT a type of inertia?

A) Inertia of rest
B) Inertia of motion
C) Inertia of direction
D) Inertia of force
Answer: D) Inertia of force

124. Which example best illustrates inertia of rest?

A) A person falling backward when a bus suddenly starts moving.
B) A person leaning forward when a bus suddenly stops.
C) A car turning to the right and passengers moving to the left.
D) A running athlete continues to move after crossing the finish line.
Answer: A) A person falling backward when a bus suddenly starts moving.

125. What happens to dust particles when a carpet is beaten with a stick?
A) They move along the carpet.
B) They fall vertically downward.
C) They scatter horizontally.
D) They remain stuck to the carpet.
Answer: B) They fall vertically downward.

126. Which type of inertia is illustrated when a passenger falls forward when a moving car stops
suddenly?
A) Inertia of rest
B) Inertia of motion
C) Inertia of direction
D) Inertia of speed
Answer: B) Inertia of motion

127. Which statement is true about inertia of direction?

A) It resists changes from a state of motion.
B) It resists changes from a state of rest.
C) It resists changes in the direction of motion.
D) It resists changes in speed only.
Answer: C) It resists changes in the direction of motion.

128. Newton's second law of motion states that the rate of change of momentum is:
A) Inversely proportional to the external force applied.
B) Directly proportional to the external force applied.
C) Equal to the mass of the object.
D) Independent of the external force applied.
Answer: B) Directly proportional to the external force applied.

129. According to Newton's second law of motion, the change in momentum occurs:
A) Opposite to the direction of the applied force.
B) In the direction of the applied force.
C) Perpendicular to the applied force.
D) Independently of the applied force.
Answer: B) In the direction of the applied force.

130. In Newton's second law, the constant of proportionality kkk is equal to:
A) 0
B) 1
C) 2
D) -1
Answer: B) 1

131. Newton’s third law of motion states that:

A) Action and reaction forces are equal and opposite.
B) Action and reaction forces act on the same body.
C) Only action forces exist, not reaction forces.
D) Reaction forces are greater than action forces.
Answer: A) Action and reaction forces are equal and opposite.

132. What is the alternate name for Newton’s third law of motion?
A) Law of inertia
B) Law of action and reaction
C) Law of gravitation
D) Law of conservation of momentum
Answer: B) Law of action and reaction

133. The effect of Newton's third law of motion can be observed in:
A) A bullet being fired from a gun.
B) A man jumping from a boat.
C) A swimmer pushing water backwards.
D) All of the above.
Answer: D) All of the above.

134. The law of conservation of momentum states that:

A) Momentum is always lost in a collision.
B) The total momentum of a system is constant when no external force acts on the system.
C) Momentum can be created in a closed system.
D) The total momentum of a system always increases.
Answer: B) The total momentum of a system is constant when no external force acts on the system.

135. In the case of a head-on collision between two bodies, if no external force acts on the system, the
total momentum:
A) Decreases.
B) Increases.
C) Remains constant.
D) Becomes zero.
Answer: C) Remains constant.

136. When a body A of mass m1m_1m1 and velocity u1u_1u1 collides head-on with body B of mass
m2m_2m2 and velocity u2u_2u2, the velocities of the bodies after the collision are:
A) v1v_1v1 and v2v_2v2.
B) The same for both bodies.
C) Zero for both bodies.
D) The same as before the collision.
Answer: A) v1v_1v1 and v2v_2v2.

137. During a collision, the forces acting on two bodies are:

A) Different in magnitude.
B) Equal in magnitude and opposite in direction.
C) Not equal in magnitude.
D) Acting on different intervals of time.
Answer: B) Equal in magnitude and opposite in direction.

138. What is the term used to describe the rate of change of displacement of a body?

A) Speed
B) Distance
C) Acceleration
D) Velocity

Answer: D) Velocity

139. A body is said to be in uniform motion when it moves:

A) With constant acceleration
B) With constant velocity
C) With changing speed
D) With varying direction of motion

Answer: B) With constant velocity

140.The displacement of a body is defined as:

A) The total path length covered by the body

B) The shortest distance between initial and final position
C) The distance traveled by the body in a given time
D) The distance traveled by the body along a curved path

Answer: B) The shortest distance between initial and final position

141. What is the dimensional formula for acceleration?

A) M0L1T−2M^0 L^1 T^{-2}M0L1T−2

B) M1L2T−1M^1 L^2 T^{-1}M1L2T−1
C) M0L0T−2M^0 L^0 T^{-2}M0L0T−2
D) M0L1T−1M^0 L^1 T^{-1}M0L1T−1

Answer: A) M0L1T−2M^0 L^1 T^{-2}M0L1T−2

142. The velocity of a particle is defined as:

A) The rate of change of distance with time

B) The rate of change of speed with time
C) The rate of change of displacement with time
D) The rate of change of position with time

Answer: C) The rate of change of displacement with time

143. Which of the following is a scalar quantity?

A) Displacement
B) Velocity
C) Speed
D) Acceleration

Answer: C) Speed

144. The total displacement during uniform motion is given by:

A) v×tv \times tv×t
B) u×tu \times tu×t
C) 12at2\frac{1}{2} a t^221at2
D) 12(u+v)t\frac{1}{2} (u + v) t21(u+v)t

Answer: D) 12(u+v)t\frac{1}{2} (u + v) t21(u+v)t

145. The unit of momentum is:

A) kg·m/s
B) kg·m²/s
C) m/s²
D) N·s

Answer: A) kg·m/s

146. Which of the following laws of motion states that for every action there is an equal and
opposite reaction?

A) Newton’s First Law

B) Newton’s Second Law
C) Newton’s Third Law
D) Law of Conservation of Momentum

Answer: C) Newton’s Third Law

147. What is the SI unit of force?

A) Newton (N)
B) Joule (J)
C) Watt (W)
D) Pascal (Pa)

Answer: A) Newton (N)

148. Newton’s First Law of Motion is also known as:

A) Law of inertia
B) Law of momentum
C) Law of action and reaction
D) Law of conservation of momentum

Answer: A) Law of inertia

149. The dimension of Planck’s constant is:

A) [M1L2T−1][M^1 L^2 T^{-1}][M1L2T−1]
B) [M1L2T−2][M^1 L^2 T^{-2}][M1L2T−2]
C) [M0L2T0][M^0 L^2 T^0][M0L2T0]
D) [M1L1T−1][M^1 L^1 T^{-1}][M1L1T−1]

Answer: A) [M1L2T−1][M^1 L^2 T^{-1}][M1L2T−1]

150. Which of the following equations describes uniform acceleration?

A) v=u+atv = u + atv=u+at
B) s=ut+12at2s = ut + \frac{1}{2}at^2s=ut+21at2
C) v2=u2+2asv^2 = u^2 + 2asv2=u2+2as
D) All of the above

Answer: D) All of the above

151. What is the SI unit of force?

A) kg
B) m/s
C) Newton (N)
D) Joule (J)

Answer: C) Newton (N)

152. The conservation of momentum is valid when:

A) External forces are zero

B) Forces are balanced
C) There is no collision
D) None of the above

Answer: A) External forces are zero

153. The third law of motion states:

A) Every action has an equal and opposite reaction

B) Force is directly proportional to mass
C) A body remains at rest unless acted upon by an external force
D) Energy cannot be created or destroyed

Answer: A) Every action has an equal and opposite reaction

154. The total momentum of a system is constant when:

A) No external force acts on the system
B) The objects in the system are at rest
C) The system is in uniform motion
D) All forces within the system are balanced

Answer: A) No external force acts on the system

155. The law of inertia is associated with:

A) Newton’s First Law

B) Newton’s Second Law
C) Newton’s Third Law
D) The law of conservation of momentum

Answer: A) Newton’s First Law

156. The force of friction is an example of:

A) An unbalanced force
B) A balanced force
C) A reaction force
D) None of the above

Answer: A) An unbalanced force

157. The formula for calculating the average velocity is:

A) ΔxΔt\frac{\Delta x}{\Delta t}ΔtΔx

B) initial velocity+final velocity2\frac{\text{initial velocity} + \text{final
velocity}}{2}2initial velocity+final velocity
C) displacementtime\frac{\text{displacement}}{\text{time}}timedisplacement
D) Both B and C

Answer: D) Both B and C

158. A truck with a weight of 2 tonnes is slipped from a train traveling at 9 km/h and comes to
rest in 2 minutes. What is the retarding force on the truck?

a) 41.67 N
b) 50 N
c) 25 N
d) 100 N

Answer: a) 41.67 N
159. A 10 g bullet is fired from a rifle horizontally into a 5 kg block of wood suspended by a
string. The bullet is embedded in the block. The impact causes the block to swing to a height of
5 cm above its initial level. What is the initial velocity of the bullet?

a) 500 m/s
b) 496 m/s
c) 1000 m/s
d) 350 m/s

Answer: b) 496 m/s

160. In the equation of motion for a body, if the initial velocity is denoted by uuu, the final
velocity by vvv, the acceleration by aaa, and the time by ttt, which of the following represents
the equation for the displacement?

a) v=u+atv = u + atv=u+at
b) s=ut+12at2s = ut + \frac{1}{2}at^2s=ut+21at2
c) v2=u2+2asv^2 = u^2 + 2asv2=u2+2as
d) v=u+atv = u + \frac{a}{t}v=u+ta

Answer: b) s=ut+12at2s = ut + \frac{1}{2}at^2s=ut+21at2

161. If a body of mass mmm is acted upon by a force FFF that causes a displacement dsdsds,
what is the infinitesimal work done by the force?

a) W=F⋅dsW = F \cdot dsW=F⋅ds

b) W=F⋅vW = F \cdot vW=F⋅v
c) W=m⋅g⋅hW = m \cdot g \cdot hW=m⋅g⋅h
d) W=12mv2W = \frac{1}{2}mv^2W=21mv2

Answer: a) W=F⋅dsW = F \cdot dsW=F⋅ds

162. If a particle is subjected to a force FFF and is displaced in the direction of the force, how is
the work done by the force expressed?

a) The work done is zero.

b) The work done is given by W=F×dW = F \times dW=F×d.
c) The work done is W=F×sin⁡(θ)W = F \times \sin(\theta)W=F×sin(θ).
d) The work done is given by W=F×cos⁡(θ)W = F \times \cos(\theta)W=F×cos(θ).

Answer: b) The work done is given by W=F×dW = F \times dW=F×d.

167. In the context of work and energy, if the displacement takes place opposite to the direction
of the force, what can be concluded?

a) No work is done.
b) Negative work is done.
c) Positive work is done.
d) The work done is zero.

Answer: b) Negative work is done.

168. What is the formula for work done when a force is applied over a displacement in the same
direction as the force?

a) W=F⋅dsW = F \cdot dsW=F⋅ds

b) W=F⋅cos⁡(θ)⋅dsW = F \cdot \cos(\theta) \cdot dsW=F⋅cos(θ)⋅ds
c) W=F⋅sin⁡(θ)⋅dsW = F \cdot \sin(\theta) \cdot dsW=F⋅sin(θ)⋅ds
d) W=F⋅dW = F \cdot dW=F⋅d

Answer: b) W=F⋅cos⁡(θ)⋅dsW = F \cdot \cos(\theta) \cdot dsW=F⋅cos(θ)⋅ds

169. Which of the following describes energy?

a) Energy is the capacity to lose work.

b) Energy is the capacity to do work.
c) Energy is the speed at which work is done.
d) Energy is the amount of heat transferred in a system.

Answer: b) Energy is the capacity to do work.

170. What kind of energy is possessed by a body due to its position or motion?

a) Kinetic energy
b) Mechanical energy
c) Thermal energy
d) Electric energy

Answer: b) Mechanical energy

171. The potential energy of a body is the energy stored due to which of the following?

a) Its motion
b) Its position or the strain stored in it
c) Its temperature
d) Its charge

Answer: b) Its position or the strain stored in it

172. If a body of mass mmm is raised through a height hhh, the work done to raise it is stored
as:
a) Kinetic energy
b) Heat energy
c) Potential energy
d) Electric energy

Answer: c) Potential energy

173. The work done to lift a body of mass mmm to a height hhh is given by which of the
following equations?

a) W=mghW = mghW=mgh
b) W=12mv2W = \frac{1}{2}mv^2W=21mv2
c) W=F⋅dW = F \cdot dW=F⋅d
d) W=12mv2+mghW = \frac{1}{2}mv^2 + mghW=21mv2+mgh

Answer: a) W=mghW = mghW=mgh

174. What type of energy is possessed by a body due to its motion?

a) Kinetic energy
b) Potential energy
c) Thermal energy
d) Chemical energy

Answer: a) Kinetic energy

175. The kinetic energy of a body is measured by:

a) The amount of work the body can perform against the force applied to it.
b) The speed at which the body moves.
c) The height of the body above the ground.
d) The time it takes for the body to come to rest.

Answer: a) The amount of work the body can perform against the force applied to it.

176. What is the formula for the kinetic energy of a body moving with velocity vvv?

a) KE=12mv2KE = \frac{1}{2}mv^2KE=21mv2
b) KE=mvKE = mvKE=mv
c) KE=mghKE = mghKE=mgh
d) KE=F⋅dKE = F \cdot dKE=F⋅d

Answer: a) KE=12mv2KE = \frac{1}{2}mv^2KE=21mv2

177. What causes the retardation of a body?

a) A constant force acting in the direction of motion
b) A constant force resisting the motion
c) The increase in velocity
d) The gravitational force acting on the body

Answer: b) A constant force resisting the motion

178. When a body is acted upon by a force FFF causing it to slow down, the equation F=maF =
maF=ma can be used. What does aaa represent in this equation?

a) The acceleration of the body

b) The velocity of the body
c) The displacement of the body
d) The time taken for the body to come to rest

Answer: a) The acceleration of the body

179. The equation F=maF = maF=ma can be used to express the force acting on a body during
retardation. What does vvv represent in the equation F=−mvF = -mvF=−mv?

a) The velocity of the body

b) The time the body moves
c) The force acting on the body
d) The mass of the body

Answer: a) The velocity of the body

180. What is the formula for the kinetic energy of a body moving with velocity vvv?

a) KE=12mv2KE = \frac{1}{2} mv^2KE=21mv2

b) KE=mvKE = mvKE=mv
c) KE=mghKE = mghKE=mgh
d) KE=F⋅dKE = F \cdot dKE=F⋅d

Answer: a) KE=12mv2KE = \frac{1}{2} mv^2KE=21mv2

181. What does the equation W=F⋅dx=∫mv2 dXW = F \cdot dx = \int m v^2 \,
dXW=F⋅dx=∫mv2dX represent?

a) The work done by a body during motion

b) The force acting on a body
c) The change in velocity of the body
d) The change in kinetic energy of the body

Answer: d) The change in kinetic energy of the body

182. What is a conservative force?

a) A force whose work done depends on the path followed by the body
b) A force whose work done is independent of the path followed by the body
c) A force that is always constant in magnitude
d) A force that causes friction

Answer: b) A force whose work done is independent of the path followed by the body

183. Which of the following is an example of a conservative force?

a) Frictional force
b) Force due to gravity
c) Air resistance
d) Tension force

Answer: b) Force due to gravity

184. What does the work done by a conservative force depend on?

a) The velocity of the body

b) The time taken for the movement
c) The initial and final positions of the body
d) The speed of the body

Answer: c) The initial and final positions of the body

185. What is the work done by a conservative force over a closed path?

a) Zero
b) Maximum
c) Depends on the velocity
d) Depends on the mass of the body

Answer: a) Zero

186. What is a non-conservative force?

a) A force whose work done is independent of the path followed by the body
b) A force that only depends on the initial and final positions of the body
c) A force whose work done depends on the path of the displacement
d) A force that causes no energy loss

Answer: c) A force whose work done depends on the path of the displacement

187. Which of the following is an example of a non-conservative force?

a) Force due to gravity
b) Spring force
c) Frictional force
d) Electrostatic force

Answer: c) Frictional force

188. What does the work done by a non-conservative force depend on?

a) The initial velocity of the body

b) The path of the displacement of the body
c) The time taken for the displacement
d) The mass of the body

Answer: b) The path of the displacement of the body

189. What is the Law of Conservation of Energy?

a) The total kinetic energy of a system is always constant

b) The total energy of a system is conserved in the absence of non-conservative forces
c) The potential energy is always converted to kinetic energy
d) The total mechanical energy of a system can be lost

Answer: b) The total energy of a system is conserved in the absence of non-conservative forces

190. What does the principle of work and energy state?

a) The work done by a system is always equal to the potential energy

b) The work done is equal to the change in the kinetic energy
c) Work done is always negative
d) Energy is always converted into heat

Answer: b) The work done is equal to the change in the kinetic energy

200. In a system where only conservative forces act, the sum of the kinetic and potential
energies is:

a) Constant
b) Zero
c) Dependent on the velocity
d) Dependent on the mass

Answer: a) Constant
201. When a body moves under the influence of conservative forces, where is the work done
stored?

a) As potential energy
b) As thermal energy
c) As kinetic energy
d) As chemical energy

Answer: a) As potential energy

203. Power is defined as:

a) The rate at which energy is lost

b) The rate at which work is done
c) The rate at which velocity changes
d) The rate at which potential energy increases

Answer: b) The rate at which work is done

204. If dWdWdW is the work done during an interval of time dtdtdt, the formula for power is:

a) Power=dWdt\text{Power} = \frac{dW}{dt}Power=dtdW
b) Power=F⋅cos⁡θdt\text{Power} = \frac{F \cdot \cos \theta}{dt}Power=dtF⋅cosθ
c) Power=F⋅dSdt\text{Power} = \frac{F \cdot dS}{dt}Power=dtF⋅dS
d) Power=F⋅cos⁡θ⋅dS\text{Power} = F \cdot \cos \theta \cdot dSPower=F⋅cosθ⋅dS

Answer: a) Power=dWdt\text{Power} = \frac{dW}{dt}Power=dtdW

205. The formula for work done when the angle between the force and displacement is θ\thetaθ
is:

a) W=F⋅dSW = F \cdot dSW=F⋅dS

b) W=F⋅dS⋅cos⁡θW = F \cdot dS \cdot \cos \thetaW=F⋅dS⋅cosθ
c) W=F⋅cos⁡θ⋅dSW = F \cdot \cos \theta \cdot dSW=F⋅cosθ⋅dS
d) W=F⋅sin⁡θ⋅dSW = F \cdot \sin \theta \cdot dSW=F⋅sinθ⋅dS

Answer: c) W=F⋅cos⁡θ⋅dSW = F \cdot \cos \theta \cdot dSW=F⋅cosθ⋅dS

206. In the equation Power=F⋅v\text{Power} = F \cdot vPower=F⋅v, vvv represents:

a) The velocity of the body in the direction of displacement

b) The velocity of the body in the opposite direction of displacement
c) The constant velocity of the force
d) The velocity of the object in the perpendicular direction to displacement

Answer: a) The velocity of the body in the direction of displacement

207. A body of mass 2 kg is initially at rest and is moved by a horizontal force of 0.5 N on a
frictionless table. If the time taken is 8 seconds, what is the work done by the force?

a) 2 J
b) 3 J
c) 1 J
d) 0.5 J

Answer: b) 3 J
(Explanation: First, calculate the acceleration:
a=Fm=0.52=0.25 m/s2a = \frac{F}{m} = \frac{0.5}{2} = 0.25 \, \text{m/s}^2a=mF=20.5=0.25m/s2
Next, calculate the velocity at t=8 st = 8 \, \text{s}t=8s:
v=u+at=0+(0.25)(8)=2 m/sv = u + at = 0 + (0.25)(8) = 2 \, \text{m/s}v=u+at=0+(0.25)(8)=2m/s
The work done is:
W=12mv2=12(2)(2)2=4 JW = \frac{1}{2} m v^2 = \frac{1}{2} (2)(2)^2 = 4 \, \text{J}W=21mv2=21
(2)(2)2=4J)

208. The work done by a force is equal to the change in the kinetic energy of a body. This
statement is based on:

a) Newton’s second law of motion

b) Work-Energy theorem
c) Conservation of momentum
d) Newton’s third law of motion

Answer: b) Work-Energy theorem

209. If a body of mass 2 kg is moved by a horizontal force of 0.5 N for 8 seconds on a frictionless
table, and the velocity of the body after 8 seconds is 2 m/s, what is the work done by the force?

a) 1 J
b) 2 J
c) 3 J
d) 4 J

Answer: c) 3 J
(Explanation: Work done is equal to the change in kinetic energy:
W=12mv2=12(2)(2)2=4JW = \frac{1}{2} m v^2 = \frac{1}{2} (2) (2)^2 = 4 JW=21mv2=21
(2)(2)2=4J)

210. The velocity of a body moving with a force of 0.5 N on a frictionless table is calculated as 2
m/s after 8 seconds. The body covers a distance of:

a) 4 m
b) 8 m
c) 16 m
d) 32 m

Answer: b) 8 m
(Explanation: Using the equation s=ut+12at2s = ut + \frac{1}{2} a t^2s=ut+21at2, where u=0u =
0u=0, a=0.25 m/s2a = 0.25 \, \text{m/s}^2a=0.25m/s2, and t=8 st = 8 \, \text{s}t=8s,
s=0+12(0.25)(8)2=8 ms = 0 + \frac{1}{2} (0.25) (8)^2 = 8 \, \text{m}s=0+21(0.25)(8)2=8m)

211. The work done by the force on the body over the 8 seconds is:

a) 0.5 J
b) 1 J
c) 3 J
d) 4 J

Answer: c) 3 J
(Explanation: The work done is calculated as W=F⋅d=0.5×8=4JW = F \cdot d = 0.5 \times 8 = 4
JW=F⋅d=0.5×8=4J)

212. When a body is thrown vertically upwards with an initial velocity of 39.2 m/s, the height at
which the kinetic energy is reduced to half of its initial value is:

a) 19.6 m
b) 29.6 m
c) 39.2 m
d) 49.6 m

Answer: b) 29.6 m
(Explanation: As kinetic energy is reduced to half, potential energy increases. The body’s total energy
remains constant. When half of the initial kinetic energy is converted into potential energy, the height
can be calculated using the work-energy principle.)

213. If the initial kinetic energy of a body is KE0KE_0KE0 and its potential energy increases by
UUU, at what height hhh will the body’s kinetic energy be reduced to one-fourth of its original
value?

a) h=14h = \frac{1}{4}h=41 of its original height

b) h=12h = \frac{1}{2}h=21 of its original height
c) h=39.2 mh = 39.2 \, \text{m}h=39.2m
d) The height depends on the mass of the body

Answer: b) h=12h = \frac{1}{2}h=21 of its original height

(Explanation: Using the conservation of mechanical energy, potential energy increases while kinetic
energy decreases, and the total energy remains constant.)

214. What is the moment of inertia?

a) The measure of an object’s mass

b) The measure of resistance to rotational motion
c) The amount of torque required to rotate an object
d) The force required to stop a moving object
Answer: b) The measure of resistance to rotational motion
(Explanation: The moment of inertia is the rotational analog of mass in linear motion, indicating how
much torque is required to change the rotational state.)

215. Which of the following statements best describes the role of the moment of inertia in
rotational motion?

a) It is the force acting on a rotating body.

b) It is the equivalent of mass in linear motion.
c) It measures the change in angular velocity.
d) It is the distance from the axis of rotation.

Answer: b) It is the equivalent of mass in linear motion.

(Explanation: Moment of inertia serves the same function in rotational dynamics as mass does in
linear dynamics.)

216. The rotational kinetic energy of a rigid body rotating with angular velocity ω\omegaω
about a given axis is given by:

a) 12Iω2\frac{1}{2} I \omega^221Iω2
b) 12mv2\frac{1}{2} mv^221mv2
c) IωI \omegaIω
d) mv2mv^2mv2

Answer: a) 12Iω2\frac{1}{2} I \omega^221Iω2

(Explanation: The rotational kinetic energy formula is derived using the moment of inertia and the
angular velocity of the rotating body.)

217. In rotational motion, if ω\omegaω is the angular velocity and rrr is the radius, the linear
velocity vvv of a particle is given by:

a) v=ω/rv = \omega / rv=ω/r

b) v=ω×rv = \omega \times rv=ω×r
c) v=r/ωv = r / \omegav=r/ω
d) v=ω2×rv = \omega^2 \times rv=ω2×r

Answer: b) v=ω×rv = \omega \times rv=ω×r

(Explanation: Linear velocity in rotational motion is the product of angular velocity and the radius of
rotation.)

218. The kinetic energy of a single rotating particle of mass mmm and radius rrr from the axis
of rotation is:

a) 12mv2\frac{1}{2} m v^221mv2
b) 12Iω2\frac{1}{2} I \omega^221Iω2
c) 12mr2ω2\frac{1}{2} m r^2 \omega^221mr2ω2
d) mvm vmv
Answer: c) 12mr2ω2\frac{1}{2} m r^2 \omega^221mr2ω2
(Explanation: Substituting the relation v=ω×rv = \omega \times rv=ω×r in the kinetic energy formula
12mv2\frac{1}{2} m v^221mv2 gives 12m(rω)2\frac{1}{2} m (r \omega)^221m(rω)2.)

219. The kinetic energy of a rotating rigid body is equal to:

a) The kinetic energy of the heaviest particle
b) The sum of the kinetic energies of all the particles
c) The kinetic energy of the fastest particle
d) The kinetic energy of the particle nearest to the axis

Answer: b) The sum of the kinetic energies of all the particles

(Explanation: The rotational kinetic energy of a rigid body is the sum of the kinetic energies of all its
individual particles.)

220. Which of the following expressions represents the rotational kinetic energy of a rigid
body?
a) 12Iω2\frac{1}{2} I \omega^221Iω2
b) 12mv2\frac{1}{2} mv^221mv2
c) Iω2I \omega^2Iω2
d) 12Iv2\frac{1}{2} I v^221Iv2

Answer: a) 12Iω2\frac{1}{2} I \omega^221Iω2

(Explanation: The kinetic energy of a rotating body is calculated using the moment of inertia (III) and
angular velocity (ω\omegaω).)

221. The moment of inertia of a rotating rigid body is given by:

a) I=mrI = m rI=mr
b) I=mr2I = m r^2I=mr2
c) I=12mr2I = \frac{1}{2} m r^2I=21mr2
d) I=mv2I = m v^2I=mv2

Answer: b) I=mr2I = m r^2I=mr2

(Explanation: The moment of inertia is the product of the mass and the square of the distance from
the axis of rotation.)

222. Which physical quantity does the moment of inertia resemble in linear motion?
a) Mass
b) Acceleration
c) Force
d) Velocity

Answer: a) Mass
(Explanation: The moment of inertia in rotational motion is analogous to mass in linear motion.)

223. If the moment of inertia of a body is increased, how does it affect its rotational kinetic
energy for a constant angular velocity?
a) Increases
b) Decreases
c) Remains constant
d) Becomes zero

Answer: a) Increases
(Explanation: Rotational kinetic energy is directly proportional to the moment of inertia when angular
velocity is constant.)

224. When the angular velocity (ω\omegaω) of a rotating body is 1 rad/s, the rotational kinetic
energy (EEE) is equal to:
a) Twice the moment of inertia
b) Half the moment of inertia
c) The moment of inertia
d) The square of the moment of inertia

Answer: c) The moment of inertia

(Explanation: When ω=1\omega = 1ω=1 rad/s, the rotational kinetic energy E=12Iω2E = \frac{1}{2}
I \omega^2E=21Iω2 becomes E=12I×12=12IE = \frac{1}{2} I \times 1^2 = \frac{1}{2} IE=21
I×12=21I, indicating the kinetic energy equals half of the moment of inertia.)

225. What is the moment of inertia of a thin metal ring of diameter 0.6 m and mass 1 kg?
a) 0.09 kg m²
b) 0.18 kg m²
c) 0.36 kg m²
d) 0.45 kg m²

Answer: a) 0.09 kg m²
(Explanation: The moment of inertia of a ring about its central axis is I=MR2I = MR^2I=MR2. Given
M=1M = 1M=1 kg and R=0.3R = 0.3R=0.3 m, I=1×(0.3)2=0.09I = 1 \times (0.3)^2 =
0.09I=1×(0.3)2=0.09 kg m².)

226. If the linear velocity of the ring is 5 m/s and the radius is 0.3 m, what is the angular
velocity?
a) 15 rad/s
b) 16.67 rad/s
c) 20 rad/s
d) 25 rad/s

Answer: b) 16.67 rad/s

(Explanation: Angular velocity ω=vr=50.3=16.67\omega = \frac{v}{r} = \frac{5}{0.3} = 16.67ω=rv
=0.35=16.67 rad/s.)

227. The kinetic energy of rotation of the ring at the given instant is:
a) 12.5 J
b) 15 J
c) 18.75 J
d) 20 J
Answer: c) 18.75 J
(Explanation: E=12Iω2E = \frac{1}{2} I \omega^2E=21Iω2. Substituting I=0.09I = 0.09I=0.09 kg m²
and ω=16.67\omega = 16.67ω=16.67 rad/s, E=12×0.09×(16.67)2≈18.75E = \frac{1}{2} \times 0.09
\times (16.67)^2 \approx 18.75E=21×0.09×(16.67)2≈18.75 J.)

228. Newton’s law of gravitation states that the gravitational force between two masses is:
a) Directly proportional to the product of their masses
b) Inversely proportional to the distance between them
c) Directly proportional to the distance between them
d) Inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them

Answer: d) Inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them

(Explanation: The gravitational force FFF between two masses m1m_1m1 and m2m_2m2 separated
by a distance rrr is given by F=Gm1m2r2F = \frac{G m_1 m_2}{r^2}F=r2Gm1m2.)

229. What is the value of acceleration due to gravity (ggg) at sea level and a latitude of 45.0°?
a) 9.6 m/s²
b) 9.8 m/s²
c) 10 m/s²
d) 9.5 m/s²

Answer: b) 9.8 m/s²

(Explanation: The standard value of acceleration due to gravity at sea level and at a latitude of 45.0°
is 9.8 m/s².)

230. What causes the variation of gravitational acceleration (ggg) at different places on the
Earth’s surface?
a) Temperature and pressure
b) Latitude and altitude
c) Atmospheric density
d) Magnetic field intensity

Answer: b) Latitude and altitude

(Explanation: The value of ggg varies from place to place on the Earth's surface due to changes in
latitude and altitude.)

231. The acceleration due to gravity at the surface of the Earth is given by:
a) g=GMR2g = \frac{GM}{R^2}g=R2GM
b) g=GMRg = \frac{GM}{R}g=RGM
c) g=GRM2g = \frac{GR}{M^2}g=M2GR
d) g=GMR2g = \frac{G}{MR^2}g=MR2G

Answer: a) g=GMR2g = \frac{GM}{R^2}g=R2GM

(Explanation: According to Newton’s law of gravitation, the gravitational force between Earth and a
mass at its surface is F=GMmR2F = \frac{GMm}{R^2}F=R2GMm. Equating to mgmgmg,
g=GMR2g = \frac{GM}{R^2}g=R2GM.)
232. Which of the following statements about gravitational acceleration (ggg) is true?
a) It increases as we go higher from the Earth's surface
b) It decreases with increase in depth from the Earth's surface
c) It remains constant everywhere on the Earth
d) It does not depend on the distance from the Earth's center

Answer: b) It decreases with increase in depth from the Earth's surface

(Explanation: The value of ggg decreases as we move below the Earth's surface.)

233. The mass of the Earth can be calculated using the formula:
a) M=gR2GM = \frac{gR^2}{G}M=GgR2
b) M=gGR2M = \frac{g}{GR^2}M=GR2g
c) M=GgR2M = \frac{G}{gR^2}M=gR2G
d) M=GR2gM = \frac{GR^2}{g}M=gGR2

Answer: a) M=gR2GM = \frac{gR^2}{G}M=GgR2

(Explanation: Rearranging the formula g=GMR2g = \frac{GM}{R^2}g=R2GM, we get M=gR2GM
= \frac{gR^2}{G}M=GgR2.)

233. The acceleration due to gravity at a height hhh above the Earth's surface is given by:
a) g′=GM(R+h)2g' = \frac{GM}{(R + h)^2}g′=(R+h)2GM
b) g′=GM(R−h)2g' = \frac{GM}{(R - h)^2}g′=(R−h)2GM
c) g′=GM(R+h)g' = \frac{GM}{(R + h)}g′=(R+h)GM
d) g′=GM(R−h)g' = \frac{GM}{(R - h)}g′=(R−h)GM

Answer: a) g′=GM(R+h)2g' = \frac{GM}{(R + h)^2}g′=(R+h)2GM

(Explanation: The gravitational acceleration decreases with altitude according to the formula
g′=GM(R+h)2g' = \frac{GM}{(R + h)^2}g′=(R+h)2GM.)

234. How does the acceleration due to gravity change with an increase in altitude?
a) Increases
b) Decreases
c) Remains constant
d) First decreases, then increases

Answer: b) Decreases
(Explanation: As altitude increases, the distance from the Earth's center increases, leading to a
decrease in gravitational acceleration.)

235. Which formula correctly represents the variation of gravity with height when hhh is much
smaller than RRR (radius of Earth)?
a) g′=g(1−2hR)g' = g \left(1 - \frac{2h}{R} \right)g′=g(1−R2h)
b) g′=g(1+2hR)g' = g \left(1 + \frac{2h}{R} \right)g′=g(1+R2h)
c) g′=g(1−hR)g' = g \left(1 - \frac{h}{R} \right)g′=g(1−Rh)
d) g′=g(1+hR)g' = g \left(1 + \frac{h}{R} \right)g′=g(1+Rh)
Answer: a) g′=g(1−2hR)g' = g \left(1 - \frac{2h}{R} \right)g′=g(1−R2h)
(Explanation: Using the binomial theorem for small hhh, the acceleration due to gravity decreases
approximately as g(1−2hR)g \left(1 - \frac{2h}{R} \right)g(1−R2h).)

236. What assumption is made while calculating the variation of gravity with altitude?
a) Earth is a flat surface
b) Earth is a homogeneous spherical body
c) Earth has a cylindrical shape
d) Earth’s gravity does not change

Answer: b) Earth is a homogeneous spherical body

(Explanation: The calculations assume that the Earth is a spherical object with uniform density.)

237. The acceleration due to gravity at a depth ddd below the Earth's surface is given by:
a) g′=g(1−dR)g' = g \left(1 - \frac{d}{R} \right)g′=g(1−Rd)
b) g′=g(1+dR)g' = g \left(1 + \frac{d}{R} \right)g′=g(1+Rd)
c) g′=g(1−2dR)g' = g \left(1 - \frac{2d}{R} \right)g′=g(1−R2d)
d) g′=g(1+2dR)g' = g \left(1 + \frac{2d}{R} \right)g′=g(1+R2d)

Answer: a) g′=g(1−dR)g' = g \left(1 - \frac{d}{R} \right)g′=g(1−Rd)

(Explanation: As depth increases, the gravitational acceleration decreases linearly with depth.)

238. The decrease in acceleration due to gravity with depth is because:

a) The Earth's density decreases with depth
b) The gravitational force decreases with decreasing mass below the point
c) The Earth's radius increases with depth
d) The gravitational force remains constant

Answer: b) The gravitational force decreases with decreasing mass below the point
(Explanation: As depth increases, the effective mass causing the gravitational pull decreases.)

239. The Earth is not a perfect sphere but an ellipsoid. What is the consequence of this shape on
gravity?
a) Gravity is stronger at the equator than at the poles
b) Gravity is stronger at the poles than at the equator
c) Gravity remains the same at all points on Earth
d) Gravity is stronger in the northern hemisphere

Answer: b) Gravity is stronger at the poles than at the equator

(Explanation: Due to the Earth’s shape, the distance from the center to the poles is shorter than to the
equator, making gravity stronger at the poles.)

240. Which of the following correctly explains the variation of gravity with latitude due to
Earth's non-sphericity?
a) ggg decreases from the poles to the equator
b) ggg increases from the poles to the equator
c) ggg remains constant
d) ggg is maximum at the equator

Answer: a) ggg decreases from the poles to the equator

(Explanation: The Earth’s equatorial bulge means that gravity decreases as one moves from the poles
to the equator.)

241. The radius of the Earth at the equator is greater than the radius at the poles by
approximately:
a) 21 km
b) 10 km
c) 5 km
d) 50 km

Answer: a) 21 km
(Explanation: The equatorial bulge makes the equatorial radius about 21 km greater than the polar
radius.)

242. The value of gravitational acceleration (ggg) is:

a) Maximum at the equator and minimum at the poles
b) Maximum at the poles and minimum at the equator
c) The same at both the equator and the poles
d) Maximum at the equator and decreases towards the poles

Answer: b) Maximum at the poles and minimum at the equator

(Explanation: Due to the equatorial bulge, the distance from the center of the Earth to the equator is
greater than to the poles, reducing the value of ggg at the equator.)

243. The decrease in gravitational acceleration from poles to equator is due to:
a) Decreased mass at the equator
b) Increased radius at the equator
c) Increased mass at the poles
d) Decreased radius at the equator

Answer: b) Increased radius at the equator

(Explanation: Gravitational acceleration decreases with the increase in Earth's radius, which is
maximum at the equator.)

244. The centrifugal force experienced by a body at a latitude θ\thetaθ due to Earth's rotation is
given by:
a) Fc=mω2Rcos⁡θF_c = m \omega^2 R \cos \thetaFc=mω2Rcosθ
b) Fc=mω2Rsin⁡θF_c = m \omega^2 R \sin \thetaFc=mω2Rsinθ
c) Fc=mω2RF_c = m \omega^2 RFc=mω2R
d) Fc=mω2F_c = m \omega^2Fc=mω2

Answer: a) Fc=mω2Rcos⁡θF_c = m \omega^2 R \cos \thetaFc=mω2Rcosθ

(Explanation: The centrifugal force due to Earth's rotation acts outward and is proportional to the
cosine of the latitude angle.)
245. The Earth rotates from:
a) East to west
b) West to east
c) North to south
d) South to north

Answer: b) West to east

(Explanation: The Earth’s rotation is from west to east, which causes the apparent motion of the Sun
from east to west.)

246. The centrifugal force acting on a body at latitude θ\thetaθ is given by:
a) mω2Rsin⁡θm \omega^2 R \sin \thetamω2Rsinθ
b) mω2Rcos⁡θm \omega^2 R \cos \thetamω2Rcosθ
c) mω2Rsin⁡2θm \omega^2 R \sin^2 \thetamω2Rsin2θ
d) mω2Rcos⁡2θm \omega^2 R \cos^2 \thetamω2Rcos2θ

Answer: b) mω2Rcos⁡θm \omega^2 R \cos \thetamω2Rcosθ

(Explanation: The centrifugal force at latitude θ\thetaθ is proportional to the cosine of the latitude
angle.)

247. The gravitational acceleration (ggg) is maximum at:

a) The equator
b) The poles
c) Mid-latitudes
d) The tropics

Answer: b) The poles

(Explanation: The acceleration due to gravity is maximum at the poles due to the Earth's shape and
rotation.)

248. Gravitational field is defined as:

a) The space around a mass where gravitational force is experienced
b) The space where no gravitational force acts
c) The space only around the Earth's surface
d) The region where magnetic forces dominate

Answer: a) The space around a mass where gravitational force is experienced

(Explanation: Gravitational field refers to the area around a mass where other masses experience a
gravitational force.)

249. The formula for the effective acceleration due to gravity at latitude θ\thetaθ is:
a) g′=g−ω2Rsin⁡θg' = g - \omega^2 R \sin \thetag′=g−ω2Rsinθ
b) g′=g−ω2Rcos⁡2θg' = g - \omega^2 R \cos^2 \thetag′=g−ω2Rcos2θ
c) g′=g+ω2Rcos⁡2θg' = g + \omega^2 R \cos^2 \thetag′=g+ω2Rcos2θ
d) g′=g+ω2Rsin⁡θg' = g + \omega^2 R \sin \thetag′=g+ω2Rsinθ
Answer: b) g′=g−ω2Rcos⁡2θg' = g - \omega^2 R \cos^2 \thetag′=g−ω2Rcos2θ
(Explanation: The effective acceleration due to gravity decreases with the centrifugal force
component, which is proportional to cos⁡2θ\cos^2 \thetacos2θ.)

250. If the latitude θ\thetaθ is zero, the effective acceleration due to gravity (g′g'g′) is:
a) Maximum
b) Minimum
c) Zero
d) Equal to ggg

Answer: d) Equal to ggg

(Explanation: At the equator (θ=0\theta = 0θ=0), the centrifugal effect is at its maximum, but since
cos⁡(0)=1\cos(0) = 1cos(0)=1, the gravity value is reduced by the centrifugal force component.)

251. Gravitational field intensity at a point is defined as:

a) The work done per unit mass to move a body from infinity to that point
b) The force per unit mass placed at that point
c) The energy required to move a unit charge
d) The velocity required to escape the gravitational field

Answer: b) The force per unit mass placed at that point

(Explanation: Gravitational field intensity is a vector quantity that measures the gravitational force
experienced per unit mass.)

252. The unit of gravitational field intensity is:

a) N/kg
b) J/kg
c) m/s
d) kg/m³

Answer: a) N/kg
(Explanation: Since gravitational field intensity is force per unit mass, its unit is Newton per
kilogram.)

253. Gravitational potential difference between two points is defined as:

a) The work done per unit mass in moving from one point to another against the gravitational force
b) The force exerted by a mass on another mass
c) The distance between two masses
d) The time taken for a mass to move between two points

Answer: a) The work done per unit mass in moving from one point to another against the
gravitational force
(Explanation: Gravitational potential difference quantifies the work needed to move a unit mass
between two points.)
254. Gravitational field intensity at a point due to a mass MMM at a distance rrr is given by:
a) GMr2\frac{GM}{r^2}r2GM
b) Gmr\frac{Gm}{r}rGm
c) GMr\frac{GM}{r}rGM
d) Gmr2\frac{Gm}{r^2}r2Gm

Answer: a) GMr2\frac{GM}{r^2}r2GM
(Explanation: Gravitational field intensity follows the inverse square law similar to gravitational
force.)

255. The gravitational potential at a distance rrr from a mass MMM is given by:
a) −GMr-\frac{GM}{r}−rGM
b) GMr2\frac{GM}{r^2}r2GM
c) −Gmr2-\frac{Gm}{r^2}−r2Gm
d) Gmr\frac{Gm}{r}rGm

Answer: a) −GMr-\frac{GM}{r}−rGM
(Explanation: Gravitational potential is negative due to the attractive nature of gravitational force.)

256. Negative gravitational potential indicates that work is done:

a) By the gravitational force
b) Against the gravitational force
c) By frictional force
d) By external force

Answer: b) Against the gravitational force

(Explanation: A negative potential indicates that energy is being spent to move a body against the
attractive gravitational force.)

257. The gravitational potential energy of a mass MMM at a distance rrr from a mass
M0M_0M0 is defined as:
a) The amount of work done in moving the mass MMM from distance rrr to infinity
b) The force exerted by the mass M0M_0M0 on the mass MMM
c) The speed of the body at a distance rrr
d) The mass MMM at a distance rrr from the center of mass M0M_0M0

Answer: a) The amount of work done in moving the mass MMM from distance rrr to infinity
(Explanation: Gravitational potential energy represents the work needed to move a mass from a point
at distance rrr to infinity.)

258. The work done to move a mass MMM from a distance rrr to infinity in a gravitational
field is:
a) Zero
b) Negative
c) Positive
d) Infinite
Answer: b) Negative
(Explanation: The gravitational force is attractive, and work done against this force is negative, as
energy is required to overcome the attraction.)

259. Gravitational potential energy at a distance rrr from the mass M0M_0M0 is:
a) U=−GM0rU = -\frac{GM_0}{r}U=−rGM0
b) U=GM0rU = \frac{GM_0}{r}U=rGM0
c) U=−GM0r2U = -\frac{GM_0}{r^2}U=−r2GM0
d) U=GM0r2U = \frac{GM_0}{r^2}U=r2GM0

Answer: a) U=−GM0rU = -\frac{GM_0}{r}U=−rGM0

(Explanation: The formula for gravitational potential energy is negative due to the attractive nature of
gravity.)

260. The total work done in moving a body from a distance rrr to infinity in a gravitational
field is: a) Positive
b) Zero
c) Negative
d) Infinite

Answer: c) Negative
(Explanation: The total work done is negative, as energy is required to overcome the gravitational
attraction.)

261. The gravitational potential energy at infinity is:

a) Zero
b) Positive
c) Negative
d) Infinite

Answer: a) Zero
(Explanation: Gravitational potential energy is defined as zero at infinity, and becomes negative as
the body approaches a mass.)

262. Gravitational potential energy near the surface of the Earth is:
a) U=GMRU = \frac{GM}{R} U=RGM
b) U=−GMRU = -\frac{GM}{R}U=−RGM
c) U=GMR+hU = \frac{GM}{R+h}U=R+hGM
d) U=GMhU = \frac{GM}{h}U=hGM

Answer: b) U=−GMRU = -\frac{GM}{R}U=−RGM

(Explanation: At the Earth's surface, the gravitational potential energy is negative because the
gravitational force is attractive.)

263. The gravitational potential energy near the Earth's surface at height hhh above the surface
is:
a) U=−GMR+hU = -\frac{GM}{R+h}U=−R+hGM
b) U=−GMR+GMR+hU = -\frac{GM}{R} + \frac{GM}{R+h}U=−RGM+R+hGM
c) U=GMRU = \frac{GM}{R}U=RGM
d) U=GMR+hU = \frac{GM}{R+h}U=R+hGM

Answer: b) U=−GMR+GMR+hU = -\frac{GM}{R} + \frac{GM}{R+h}U=−RGM+R+hGM

(Explanation: The total gravitational potential energy near the Earth's surface at height hhh is the sum
of the energy at the surface and at height hhh.)

264. The gravitational force near the Earth's surface decreases with:
a) Height
b) Mass
c) Latitude
d) Longitude

Answer: a) Height
(Explanation: Gravitational force decreases with height above the Earth's surface, as the distance
from the center of the Earth increases.)

265. The gravitational force of attraction between two bodies of mass 1 kg and 2 kg, placed 2
meters apart, on the surface of the Earth, is calculated using:
a) Newton's third law
b) Universal law of gravitation
c) Kepler's law
d) Coulomb's law

Answer: b) Universal law of gravitation

(Explanation: The gravitational force between two bodies is determined by Newton's universal law of
gravitation.)

266. The gravitational force between two bodies remains the same if:
a) The mass of the bodies changes
b) The distance between the bodies changes
c) The bodies are moved to the Moon, but their masses remain constant
d) The gravitational constant changes

Answer: c) The bodies are moved to the Moon, but their masses remain constant
(Explanation: The force will remain the same because the gravitational constant and masses remain
unchanged, though the gravitational field on the Moon differs.)

267. The acceleration due to gravity on the surface of the Moon is 1.67 m/s². If the radius of the
Moon is 1.74×1061.74 \times 10^61.74×106 m, the gravitational constant is:
a) 6.67×10−116.67 \times 10^{-11}6.67×10−11 N·m²/kg²
b) 6.67×10116.67 \times 10^{11}6.67×1011 N·m²/kg²
c) 9.8 m/s29.8 \, \text{m/s}^29.8m/s2
d) 1.67×10−111.67 \times 10^{-11}1.67×10−11 N·m²/kg²
Answer: a) 6.67×10−116.67 \times 10^{-11}6.67×10−11 N·m²/kg²
(Explanation: This is the value of the universal gravitational constant GGG, which remains constant.)

268. If the radius of the Earth is 6400 km6400 \, \text{km}6400km, the acceleration due to
gravity at a height hhh above the Earth's surface is reduced to half. What can be inferred about
hhh?
a) h=6400 kmh = 6400 \, \text{km}h=6400km
b) h=3200 kmh = 3200 \, \text{km}h=3200km
c) h=9600 kmh = 9600 \, \text{km}h=9600km
d) h=12800 kmh = 12800 \, \text{km}h=12800km

Answer: c) h=9600 kmh = 9600 \, \text{km}h=9600km

(Explanation: The acceleration due to gravity reduces to half when the height is such that the total
distance from the center of the Earth is 2R2R2R, or double the Earth's radius.)

269. In simple harmonic motion, the acceleration of the particle is directly proportional to:
a) The velocity of the particle
b) The displacement from the fixed point
c) The mass of the particle
d) The force applied on the particle

Answer: b) The displacement from the fixed point

(Explanation: In simple harmonic motion, the acceleration is directly proportional to the displacement
and always directed towards the equilibrium position.)

270. In simple harmonic motion, the negative sign in the equation a=−ω2xa = -\omega^2
xa=−ω2x indicates that:
a) The displacement is in the opposite direction to the velocity
b) The acceleration is opposite to the direction of displacement
c) The velocity is increasing
d) The force is opposite to the direction of motion

Answer: b) The acceleration is opposite to the direction of displacement

(Explanation: The negative sign indicates that the acceleration is directed towards the fixed point,
opposing the direction of displacement.)

271. The angular frequency ω\omegaω in simple harmonic motion represents:

a) The maximum speed of the particle
b) The time taken for one complete oscillation
c) The rate of change of velocity
d) The rate of change of displacement

Answer: b) The time taken for one complete oscillation

(Explanation: The angular frequency ω\omegaω is related to the period of the oscillation and
determines how fast the particle oscillates.)
272. At a height of 2,000.96 m from the Earth's surface, the acceleration due to gravity will be:
a) Twice its value on Earth's surface
b) Half its value on Earth's surface
c) Equal to its value on Earth's surface
d) Four times its value on Earth's surface

Answer: b) Half its value on Earth's surface

(Explanation: The acceleration due to gravity decreases with altitude, and at a certain height, it can
become half its surface value.)

273. In simple harmonic motion, the restoring force is proportional to:

a) The mass of the particle
b) The displacement from the mean position
c) The velocity of the particle
d) The speed of the particle

Answer: b) The displacement from the mean position

(Explanation: The restoring force is always proportional to the displacement from the equilibrium
position, as described by Hooke's Law.)

274. The constant kkk in the equation F=−kxF = -kxF=−kx is known as the:
a) Spring constant
b) Gravitational constant
c) Acceleration constant
d) Force constant

Answer: a) Spring constant

(Explanation: The spring constant kkk is also called the force constant or stiffness constant, and it
describes the resistance of the spring or system to displacement.)

275. In the motion of a particle moving along the circumference of a circle, the angular
displacement θ\thetaθ in time ttt is given by:
a) θ=sin⁡(wt)\theta = \sin(wt)θ=sin(wt)
b) θ=cos⁡(wt)\theta = \cos(wt)θ=cos(wt)
c) θ=wt\theta = wtθ=wt
d) θ=w2t\theta = w^2 tθ=w2t

Answer: c) θ=wt\theta = wtθ=wt

(Explanation: The angular displacement in simple rotational motion is related to the angular velocity
www and time ttt, with θ=wt\theta = wtθ=wt.)

276. When the particle completes one revolution along the circumference of a circle, the point N
moves from:
a) X to V, then to X'
b) V to O, then to V'
c) V to O, then to V', and back to O
d) X to V, then back to X
Answer: c) V to O, then to V', and back to O
(Explanation: As the particle moves along the circumference, the perpendicular point N moves
between these points in a full cycle.)

277. The displacement of a particle in Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM) at any instant of time
is:
a) The distance travelled by the particle
b) The distance from the mean position to the particle
c) The total path length travelled by the particle
d) The speed of the particle

Answer: b) The distance from the mean position to the particle

(Explanation: In SHM, the displacement is defined as the distance from the equilibrium (mean)
position at any instant of time.)

278. When a particle completes one rotation about the mean position in SHM, the projection of
the circular motion along the diameter of the circle:
a) Follows uniform circular motion
b) Becomes a sinusoidal function
c) Is equivalent to linear motion
d) Is not periodic

Answer: b) Becomes a sinusoidal function

(Explanation: The projection of a particle undergoing circular motion onto a diameter follows Simple
Harmonic Motion (SHM), which is sinusoidal in nature.)

279. In the equation y=OPsin⁡(wt)y = OP \sin(wt)y=OPsin(wt), where OPOPOP is the radius of

the circular path, yyy represents the displacement. What does www represent?
a) The acceleration of the particle
b) The angular velocity of the particle
c) The total energy in SHM
d) The force constant of the system

Answer: b) The angular velocity of the particle

(Explanation: In SHM, www represents the angular velocity, and the equation describes the
displacement of the particle as a function of time.)

280. The distance travelled by a vibrating particle at any instant of time is referred to as:
a) Displacement
b) Velocity
c) Amplitude
d) Acceleration

Answer: a) Displacement
(Explanation: Displacement is the distance from the equilibrium position of the particle at any given
time.)
281. In Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM), if y=OPsin⁡(wt)y = OP \sin(wt)y=OPsin(wt), the
velocity of the vibrating particle is:
a) v=OPcos⁡(wt)v = OP \cos(wt)v=OPcos(wt)
b) v=OPsin⁡(wt)v = OP \sin(wt)v=OPsin(wt)
c) v=OPsin⁡2(wt)v = OP \sin^2(wt)v=OPsin2(wt)
d) v=OPcos⁡2(wt)v = OP \cos^2(wt)v=OPcos2(wt)

Answer: a) v=OPcos⁡(wt)v = OP \cos(wt)v=OPcos(wt)

(Explanation: The velocity in SHM is the derivative of displacement with respect to time, resulting in
v=OPcos⁡(wt)v = OP \cos(wt)v=OPcos(wt).)

282. The angular velocity of a particle in SHM is denoted by www. The equation
y=OPsin⁡(wt)y = OP \sin(wt)y=OPsin(wt) represents:
a) The amplitude of the particle's motion
b) The displacement of the particle at any time
c) The velocity of the particle at any time
d) The force acting on the particle

Answer: b) The displacement of the particle at any time

(Explanation: In SHM, the displacement equation is given by y=OPsin⁡(wt)y = OP
\sin(wt)y=OPsin(wt), where OPOPOP is the amplitude and www is the angular velocity.)

283. The velocity of a vibrating particle in SHM is found by differentiating the displacement
equation. What is the formula for velocity?
a) v=−OPsin⁡(wt)v = -OP \sin(wt)v=−OPsin(wt)
b) v=OPcos⁡(wt)v = OP \cos(wt)v=OPcos(wt)
c) v=OPsin⁡(wt)v = OP \sin(wt)v=OPsin(wt)
d) v=−OPcos⁡(wt)v = -OP \cos(wt)v=−OPcos(wt)

Answer: b) v=OPcos⁡(wt)v = OP \cos(wt)v=OPcos(wt)

(Explanation: The velocity is the derivative of the displacement equation, and it results in
v=OPcos⁡(wt)v = OP \cos(wt)v=OPcos(wt).)

284. In the context of SHM, the velocity of the particle is obtained by resolving its motion into
two components. The components are:
a) Along the direction of motion and perpendicular to the direction of motion
b) Along the horizontal axis and vertical axis
c) Radial and tangential components
d) Displacement and force components

Answer: a) Along the direction of motion and perpendicular to the direction of motion
(Explanation: In SHM, the velocity is resolved into two components: one along the direction of
motion and one perpendicular to it.)

285. In Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM), when the particle is at its equilibrium position, the
velocity is:
a) Zero
b) Maximum
c) Minimum
d) Variable

Answer: b) Maximum
(Explanation: In SHM, the particle reaches its maximum velocity at the equilibrium position, where
the displacement is zero.)

286. The acceleration of a particle in SHM is given by the equation a=−ω2ya = - \omega^2
ya=−ω2y, where ω\omegaω is the angular velocity and yyy is the displacement. What does this
equation represent?
a) The rate of change of velocity with time
b) The displacement of the particle
c) The restoring force
d) The velocity of the particle

Answer: a) The rate of change of velocity with time

(Explanation: The equation a=−ω2ya = - \omega^2 ya=−ω2y represents the acceleration in SHM,
which is proportional to the displacement and opposite in direction.)

287. The rate of change of velocity in SHM is called:

a) Displacement
b) Force
c) Acceleration
d) Velocity

Answer: c) Acceleration
(Explanation: Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity, and in SHM, it is given by a=−ω2ya = -
\omega^2 ya=−ω2y.)

288. In Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM), the acceleration can be obtained by the component
method. The acceleration is:
a) Inversely proportional to displacement
b) Directly proportional to velocity
c) Proportional to the displacement and opposite in direction
d) Independent of displacement

Answer: c) Proportional to the displacement and opposite in direction

(Explanation: In SHM, the acceleration is proportional to the displacement from the equilibrium
position and always directed towards the mean position.)

289. In Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM), the centripetal acceleration of the particle is resolved
into two components. Which of the following represents the component that is perpendicular to
the displacement direction?
a) cos⁡θ\cos \thetacosθ
b) sin⁡θ\sin \thetasinθ
c) cos⁡α\cos \alphacosα
d) sin⁡α\sin \alphasinα
Answer: a) cos⁡θ\cos \thetacosθ
(Explanation: The component perpendicular to the displacement direction in SHM is given by the
cosine of the angle.)

290. The acceleration in Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM) is always directed towards:
a) The maximum displacement
b) The center or equilibrium position
c) The direction of motion
d) The minimum displacement

Answer: b) The center or equilibrium position

(Explanation: The acceleration is always directed towards the mean position or the center in SHM,
which is why it is also called restoring acceleration.)

291. In SHM, the acceleration is given by a=−ω2ya = -\omega^2 ya=−ω2y. What does the
negative sign indicate?
a) The velocity is zero
b) The acceleration is directed towards the mean position
c) The acceleration is proportional to the velocity
d) The velocity is in the opposite direction

Answer: b) The acceleration is directed towards the mean position

(Explanation: The negative sign in the equation a=−ω2ya = -\omega^2 ya=−ω2y indicates that the
acceleration is always directed opposite to the displacement, towards the mean position.)

292. The acceleration in SHM is proportional to:

a) Velocity
b) Displacement
c) Time
d) Frequency

Answer: b) Displacement
(Explanation: In SHM, the acceleration is directly proportional to the displacement from the
equilibrium position, as given by a=−ω2ya = -\omega^2 ya=−ω2y.)

293. In Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM), when the particle is at the equilibrium position (y =
0), what is the acceleration?
a) Maximum
b) Zero
c) Half of the maximum value
d) Minimum

Answer: b) Zero
(Explanation: At the equilibrium position in SHM, the displacement is zero, and hence the
acceleration, which is proportional to displacement, is also zero.)
294. In SHM, when the particle is at the maximum displacement (y = A), the acceleration is: a)
Zero
b) Maximum
c) Half of the maximum value
d) Negative

Answer: b) Maximum
(Explanation: When the particle is at maximum displacement (the amplitude), the acceleration
reaches its maximum value, and it is directed towards the equilibrium position.)

295. The time taken for one complete oscillation in Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM) is called
the:
a) Frequency
b) Phase
c) Period
d) Angular velocity

Answer: c) Period
(Explanation: The time taken to complete one full oscillation in SHM is known as the period, which
is the reciprocal of the frequency.)

296. The number of oscillations produced by a particle in one second is called:

a) Amplitude
b) Frequency
c) Angular velocity
d) Period

Answer: b) Frequency
(Explanation: Frequency is the number of oscillations or cycles completed by the particle in one
second, usually measured in Hertz.)

297. The phase of a particle in Simple Harmonic Motion is:

a) The maximum displacement of the particle
b) The time taken for one complete cycle
c) A measure of the particle's position and direction at any given time
d) The amplitude of oscillation

Answer: c) A measure of the particle's position and direction at any given time
(Explanation: The phase represents the state of the particle in terms of its position and velocity in the
cycle at any given moment. It is given by the equation y=Asin⁡(ωt+ϕ)y = A \sin(\omega t +
\phi)y=Asin(ωt+ϕ), where ϕ\phiϕ is the phase angle.)

298. The equation of Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM) is given as y=0.05sin⁡(6t+4)y = 0.05
\sin(6t + 4)y=0.05sin(6t+4). From this equation, what is the amplitude of the motion?
a) 0.05 m
b) 6 m
c) 4 m
d) 0.5 m
Answer: a) 0.05 m
(Explanation: The amplitude is the coefficient of the sine function in the SHM equation, which is
0.05 m.)

299. From the SHM equation y=0.05sin⁡(6t+4)y = 0.05 \sin(6t + 4)y=0.05sin(6t+4), what is the
period of the oscillation?
a) π6\frac{\pi}{6}6π
b) 2π2\pi2π
c) 2π6\frac{2\pi}{6}62π
d) 666

Answer: c) 2π6\frac{2\pi}{6}62π
(Explanation: The angular frequency ω\omegaω is 6 rad/s. The period TTT is given by T=2πω=2π6T
= \frac{2\pi}{\omega} = \frac{2\pi}{6}T=ω2π=62π, which simplifies to π3\frac{\pi}{3}3π seconds.)

300. In Simple Harmonic Motion, if the displacement of a particle is given by y=Asin⁡(ωt+ϕ)y

= A \sin(\omega t + \phi)y=Asin(ωt+ϕ), the velocity of the particle after 1 second is calculated
by:
a) v=Acos⁡(ωt+ϕ)v = A \cos(\omega t + \phi)v=Acos(ωt+ϕ)
b) v=Asin⁡(ωt+ϕ)v = A \sin(\omega t + \phi)v=Asin(ωt+ϕ)
c) v=ωAcos⁡(ωt+ϕ)v = \omega A \cos(\omega t + \phi)v=ωAcos(ωt+ϕ)
d) v=ωAsin⁡(ωt+ϕ)v = \omega A \sin(\omega t + \phi)v=ωAsin(ωt+ϕ)

Answer: c) v=ωAcos⁡(ωt+ϕ)v = \omega A \cos(\omega t + \phi)v=ωAcos(ωt+ϕ)

(Explanation: The velocity is the time derivative of the displacement equation. Thus, the velocity
equation is v=ωAcos⁡(ωt+ϕ)v = \omega A \cos(\omega t + \phi)v=ωAcos(ωt+ϕ).)

301. In elasticity, the property of a material to return to its original shape after deformation is
called:
a) Plasticity
b) Flexibility
c) Elasticity
d) Viscosity

Answer: c) Elasticity
(Explanation: Elasticity is the ability of a material to return to its original shape after the deforming
force is removed.)

302. Stress in a body is defined as the:

a) Restoring force per unit area
b) Change in dimension per unit area
c) Deforming force per unit area
d) Change in mass per unit volume

Answer: c) Deforming force per unit area

(Explanation: Stress is the force applied per unit area on a body that causes deformation.)
303. Strain in a body is defined as the:
a) Restoring force per unit area
b) Change in dimension per unit area
c) Change in dimension per original dimension
d) Change in volume per original volume

Answer: c) Change in dimension per original dimension

(Explanation: Strain is the ratio of the change in dimension to the original dimension of a body.)

304. The limit beyond which a material will not return to its original shape and will remain
deformed is called the:
a) Elastic limit
b) Yield point
c) Strain limit
d) Plastic limit

Answer: a) Elastic limit

(Explanation: The elastic limit is the maximum stress that a material can withstand while returning to
its original shape after the deforming force is removed.)

305. The relationship between stress and strain is given by Hooke's law, which states that:
a) Stress is inversely proportional to strain
b) Stress is proportional to strain
c) Stress is unrelated to strain
d) Stress is directly proportional to the force applied

Answer: b) Stress is proportional to strain

(Explanation: Hooke's law states that, within the elastic limit, stress is directly proportional to strain.)

306. The ratio of stress to strain is known as:

a) Elastic modulus
b) Poisson's ratio
c) Young's modulus
d) Both a and c

Answer: d) Both a and c

(Explanation: The ratio of stress to strain is called the modulus of elasticity or Young's modulus, and
it quantifies the stiffness of a material.)

307. The experimental setup shown in the figure used to verify Hooke’s law involves:
a) A spring with a rigid support, a pointer, and weights
b) A rubber band and a weight scale
c) A bar of metal being stretched
d) A rod suspended vertically
Answer: a) A spring with a rigid support, a pointer, and weights
(Explanation: This setup is used to verify Hooke's law, where weights are added to a spring, and the
corresponding elongation is measured.)

308. What happens when the material is stretched beyond the elastic limit?
a) The material remains deformed
b) The material returns to its original shape
c) The material behaves like a rubber band
d) The material breaks into pieces

Answer: a) The material remains deformed

(Explanation: When the material is stretched beyond the elastic limit, it no longer returns to its
original shape and remains permanently deformed.)

309. In the stress-strain graph, the region QP represents:

a) The plastic range
b) The elastic range
c) The permanent set
d) The yield point

Answer: b) The elastic range

(Explanation: The region QP is where the material follows Hooke's law, and stress is proportional to
strain, indicating elastic behavior.)

310. The point P on the stress-strain graph represents:

a) The yield point
b) The elastic limit
c) The breaking point
d) The permanent set point

Answer: b) The elastic limit

(Explanation: Point P is the elastic limit, where the material stops behaving elastically and may start
to undergo permanent deformation.)

311. Beyond the point P, the material behaves in a way that is:
a) Fully elastic
b) A combination of elastic and plastic
c) Fully plastic
d) Fully elastic with no deformation

Answer: b) A combination of elastic and plastic

(Explanation: Beyond point P, the material enters the plastic range, where both elastic and plastic
deformations occur.)

312. The region beyond point Q on the stress-strain graph, where a small increase in load leads
to a large strain, is called:
a) The elastic range
b) The plastic range
c) The yield point
d) The breaking point

Answer: b) The plastic range

(Explanation: Beyond point Q, the material enters the plastic range, where additional strain occurs
with minimal increase in load.)

313. The breaking point on the stress-strain graph corresponds to the point S, where the
material:
a) Begins to stretch
b) Starts to show plastic deformation
c) Loses its shape and ultimately breaks
d) Reverts to its original length

Answer: c) Loses its shape and ultimately breaks

(Explanation: The breaking point S represents the point where the material loses its shape due to
excessive deformation and ultimately fractures.)

314. Which of the following is NOT a type of modulus of elasticity?

a) Young’s modulus
b) Bulk modulus
c) Rigidity modulus
d) Stress modulus

Answer: d) Stress modulus

(Explanation: Stress is a measure of force per unit area, not a modulus of elasticity.)

315. Young’s modulus of elasticity is defined as the ratio of:

a) Strain to stress
b) Stress to strain
c) Bulk stress to volume strain
d) Rigidity stress to angular strain

Answer: b) Stress to strain

(Explanation: Young's modulus is defined as the ratio of longitudinal stress to longitudinal strain.)

316. In the case of Young’s modulus, the stress is defined as:

a) Force per unit area in the direction perpendicular to the force
b) Force per unit area in the direction of the force
c) Strain per unit area
d) Displacement per unit volume

Answer: b) Force per unit area in the direction of the force

(Explanation: Stress is the force applied per unit area in the direction of the force.)
317. The Bulk modulus of elasticity is concerned with:
a) Deformation due to twisting forces
b) Volume changes under applied stress
c) Stretching of materials under tension
d) Shear stress in materials

Answer: b) Volume changes under applied stress

(Explanation: Bulk modulus measures how much a material's volume changes when stress is applied.)

318. The formula for the Bulk modulus involves:

a) Force per unit area and longitudinal strain
b) Change in volume and original volume
c) Change in length and original length
d) Shear force and area of shear

Answer: b) Change in volume and original volume

(Explanation: Bulk modulus is defined as the ratio of bulk stress (force per unit area) to the relative
change in volume.)

319. A 50 kg mass is suspended from one end of a wire of length 4 m and diameter 3 mm, with the
other end fixed. Given that the Young's modulus of the material of the wire is 2×1011 N/m22 \times
10^{11} \, \text{N/m}^22×1011N/m2, what will be the elongation of the wire?

A) 0.00396 m
B) 0.005 m
C) 0.002 m
D) 0.004 m

Answer: A) 0.00396 m

320. What is the primary force between two molecules of a substance?

A) Gravitational force
B) Intermolecular force
C) Magnetic force
D) Electromagnetic force

Answer: B) Intermolecular force

321. What does the distribution of charges between two molecules depend on?
A) The mass of the molecules
B) The distance between the molecules
C) The temperature of the substance
D) The color of the molecules

Answer: B) The distance between the molecules

322. Which of the following is NOT a type of intermolecular force?
A) Cohesive force
B) Adhesive force
C) Electromagnetic force
D) None of the above

Answer: C) Electromagnetic force

323. Cohesive force is strongest in which of the following states of matter?

A) Solid
B) Liquid
C) Gas
D) Plasma

Answer: A) Solid

324. What does adhesive force refer to?

A) The force between molecules of the same substance
B) The force between molecules of different substances
C) The force between charged particles
D) The force between gas molecules

Answer: B) The force between molecules of different substances

325. Why does water stick to glass more than mercury?

A) Because water has a lower cohesive force than mercury
B) Because water has a higher adhesive force with glass than mercury
C) Because mercury has no cohesive force
D) Because mercury has a stronger adhesive force than water

Answer: B) Because water has a higher adhesive force with glass than mercury

326. What is the molecular range of influence in solids and liquids?

A) Order of 10 nm
B) Order of 10^3 nm
C) Order of 10^6 nm
D) Order of 10^9 nm

Answer: B) Order of 10^3 nm

327. What is the effect of surface tension on molecules on the surface of a liquid drop?
A) Molecules experience no force
B) Molecules experience a force acting inward
C) Molecules experience a force acting outward
D) Molecules experience a force acting in all directions
Answer: B) Molecules experience a force acting inward

328. In the case of a liquid drop, why must the pressure inside the drop be greater than the
pressure outside?
A) To maintain the shape of the drop
B) To balance the force due to surface tension
C) To reduce evaporation
D) To keep the drop from freezing

Answer: B) To balance the force due to surface tension

329. What happens to the equilibrium when a liquid drop is divided into two equal parts?
A) The pressure inside the drop decreases
B) The surface tension decreases
C) The force acting outward increases
D) The force due to pressure at equilibrium changes

Answer: D) The force due to pressure at equilibrium changes

330. In the equation for surface tension, which factor determines the force acting along the
circumference of the drop?
A) The temperature of the liquid
B) The radius of the drop
C) The density of the liquid
D) The pressure inside the drop

Answer: B) The radius of the drop

331. What is the force due to surface tension on a soap bubble?

A) It acts on a single liquid surface
B) It acts on both the inside and outside liquid surfaces
C) It acts only on the outside surface
D) It is nonexistent

Answer: B) It acts on both the inside and outside liquid surfaces

332. In the equilibrium of a soap bubble, what is the relationship between the pressure inside
and outside the bubble?
A) P_inside = P_outside
B) P_inside > P_outside
C) P_inside < P_outside
D) The pressures are irrelevant

Answer: B) P_inside > P_outside