THE PRACTICE OF CIVIL ENGINEERING • Care and protection of the environment
is paramount in the Civil Engineer’s
1. GENERAL
work engagement.
• this manual addresses the
• Civil Engineers must always strive to
procurement of civil
maintain the highest standard of Ethical
engineering services for a
Professional Practice in their dealing
quality project.
with client employers, employees,
QUALITY competitors and the community.
• is one satisfactorily meeting both the
expectations of the client or employer
and the requirements of the project.
3. CLIENT-CIVIL ENGINEER RELATIONSHIP
• results from team effort and is
PROPER RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN CIVIL
measured by the degree of satisfaction
ENGINEERS AND THEIR PUBLIC AND PRIVATE
of all parties involved.
CLIENTS
1. OBLIGATIONS OF THE CIVIL ENGINEER
2. OBLIGATIONS OF THE CLIENT
2. PROFESSIONAL RESPONSIBILITY
3. LIABILITY OF THE CIVIL ENGINEER AND
Standard of practice is for Civil Engineers to be
THE CLIENT
given responsibility for:
-LIMITATION OR CIVIL ENGINEER’S
1. Studying
RESPONSIBILITY
2. Conceiving
-DAMAGES
3. Designing
4. SUSPENSION OR TERMINATION OF
4. Observing Construction SERVICES
5. Assisting in the programming for 5. SETTLEMENT OF DISPUTES
operating and maintaining engineering
6. OWNERSHIP OF DATA, DESIGNS AND
work
DOCUMENTS
• Civil Engineers shall conduct themselves
1. OBLIGATIONS OF THE CIVIL ENGINEER
in a highly Professional Manner and
Serve as Faithful Trustees or agents of 1. The Civil Engineer shall perform
their client or employers. Scope of the services as stated
in section 2.
• Civil Engineers are therefore bound by
the Fundamental Canons of Ethics 2. The Civil Engineer shall exercise
contained in this manual. reasonable skill, care and
diligence in the performance of 8. The Civil Engineer may
his obligations. recommend specialist suppliers
and/or contractors to design
3. The Civil Engineer shall act
and execute certain parts of the
independently and, as required
works, in which case the Civil
by the contract, perform with
Engineer shall co-ordinate the
necessary skills and professional
design of such part or parts
judgement, when required to
with the overall design of the
certify, decide or exercise
works but he shall be relieved
discretion between the Client
of all responsibility for the
and a Third party with whom
design, manufacture,
the Client has a contract.
installation and performance of
4. The Civil Engineer is authorized any such part or parts of the
to act as the Client’s faithful works. The Civil Engineer shall
agent when required but only not be liable for acts of
as implied in section 2 or negligence, default or omission
implied in the contract adopted by such person or persons.
for the project.
9. The Civil Engineer shall notify
5. When aware of any matters the Client of any interest the
which will change or has Civil engineer has which may
changed the scope of the significantly conflict with the
services, the Civil Engineer shall interests of the Client under
give written notice to the Client their Contract.
containing particulars of the
change.
6. For Specified Staged Services,
1.3.2 OBLIGATIONS OF THE CLIENT
the Civil Engineer shall not
initiate or proceed with any 1. The Client shall pay the Civil Engineer
subsequent stage of the for his Services, the amount of fees and
Services without the approval expenses set out in or determined in
of the Client. their agreement.
7. When required, the Civil 2. The Client shall provide the Civil
Engineer shall direct and co- Engineer within reasonable time (that
operate with all other does not result in delay to the provision
professionals and integrate of the Services), all information required
their work where applicable by the Civil Engineer in the performance
into that being undertaken by of his services and a decision in writing
the Civil Engineer and other on all matters properly referred to the
professionals, but shall not be Client in writing.
professionally liable for their
3. The Client shall cooperate with the Civil
work.
Engineer and shall not interfere with or
obstruct the proper performance of the
Services.
4. The Client shall, as soon as practicable, a. Limitation or Civil Engineer’s
make arrangements to enable the Civil Responsibility
Engineer to enter the site and inspect
1. The Civil Engineer shall have no
facilities needed in the performance of
responsibility or liability for costs, loss
his services.
or damage of whatsoever nature arising
5. The Client shall arrange for the from any errors in or omission from
provision of services from other data, documents, plans, design or
professionals or others as may be specifications not prepared by the Civil
required and bear all costs. Engineer, or other personnel under the
direct control of the Civil Engineer, and
6. When the Civil Engineer is required to
arising from any act or omission or lack
administer the work of other
of performance or any negligent or
professionals or other third parties who
fraudulent act or omission by the Client
are directly contracted by the Client or
or any Other Consultant, Contractor or
when the Civil Engineer is required to
supplier to the Client or any employee
act as Engineer-to-the-Contract for any
or agent of the Client, Other
contract on behalf of the client then all
Consultants, Contractors or suppliers.
instructions by the Client shall be given
through the Civil Engineer. 2. Not withstanding any recommendation
or lack of recommendation made by the
7. When aware of any matter which will
Civil Engineer to the Client, the Civil
change or has changed the scope of the Civil
Engineer shall not be held to have made
Engineer’s Services, the Client shall notify in
any warranty or promise as to the
writing within 7 days the Civil Engineer
suitability, competence or performance
containing, as far as is practicable, the
of any Other Consultant, Contractor,
particulars of the change.
supplier, or other third party.
3. The Civil Engineer shall not be
1.3.3 LIABILITY OF THE CIVIL ENGINEER AND
responsible for the techniques, method,
THE CLIENT
programmes, sequences or procedures
• Civil Engineer shall only be liable to pay adopted by any Contractor or other
damages to the client arising out of or third party responsible for executing any
in connection with their Agreement if a aspects of the Project, nor for their
breach of duty of care is established performance on time, their failure to
against the Civil Engineer. carry out the work in accordance with
any contract documents or for any
• Client shall only be liable to pay other acts or omissions.
damages to the Civil Engineer if a
breach of the Client’s duty to the Civil
Engineer is established against the
Client.
b. Damage to stop the services and minimize
further expenditure.
1. Damages payable shall be limited to the
amount of reasonably foreseeable loss
and damage suffered as a result of such
The Civil Engineer by written notice of no less
breach.
than 30 days may terminate the Agreement or
2. The maximum amount of damages at his and or her discretion without prejudice to
payable in respect of liability, whether the right to terminate, suspend the
under the law or contract, or otherwise, performance of the whole or part or the
is limited to the amount specified in the Services under the following conditions:
Specific Provision or, if no such amount
1. When 30 days after the due date or
or provision is specified, to the lesser of
payment of any account the Civil
P300,000 or 10% of the total amount of
Engineer has not received payment of
damages of the portion of the work
that part of it which has not by that
attributable to the Civil Engineer’s
time been contested in writing, or
breach of duty or twenty five percent of
the total of fees payable under their 2. When Services have been suspended
agreement. for a period exceeding 6 calendar
months, or if it is clear to the Civil
3. If found to be liable in circumstances
Engineer that it will be impossible or
where the acts or omissions of a third party
impractical to resume the suspended
have contributed to the loss or damage, the
Services before the period of
proportion of damages payable by the party
suspension has exceeded six months.
found liable shall be limited to that proportion
which is attributable to that party’s breach of
duty, whether the claims are made under
contract or otherwise. 1.3.5 SETTLEMENT OF DISPUTES
• If a dispute arises on either party, then
1.3.4 SUSPENSION OR TERMINATION OF that party shall by notice in writing
SERVICES served on the other party of the details
of the dispute and request that the
dispute be resolved by conciliation.
• If circumstances arise for which the Civil
Engineer is not responsible and which • If the matter in dispute is not resolved
make it impractical or impossible for the in conciliation between the parties
Civil Engineer to perform in whole or in within the prescribed time then the
part the Services in accordance with matter in dispute shall be referred to
their Agreement then the Civil Engineer arbitration.
shall promptly notify the Client.
• The Client may suspend all or part of 1.3.6 OWNERSHIP OF DATA, DESIGNS AND
the Services or terminate the DOCUMENTS
Agreement by written notice of not less • The design analyses, drawings,
than 30 days to the Civil Engineer who specifications and reproductions
shall immediately make arrangements thereof are instruments of service
owned by the Professional Engineer and 18. Provision of supplemental temporary
shall be used only for the specific staff
project covered by the agreement
19. Teaching
between the Client and Engineer.
TALENTS OF VARIOUS DISCIPLINE OF
PROFESSIONAL CIVIL ENGINEERING FIRMS
1.4 CIVIL ENGINEERING SERVICES
1. Economists
Services included:
2. Planners
1. Design, consultations and advice
2. Feasibility studies 3. Engineers and designers
3. Field investigations and engineering 4. Estimators
data collection 5. Architects
4. Environmental assessments, impact
6. Scientists
statements or Engineering reports
7. Technical analysts
5. Opinions of probable construction cost
8. Specification writers
6. Preliminary and final designs, drawings,
specifications and construction bidding 9. Drafters
documents
10. Field representatives
7. Assistance in securing construction bids
and in awarding contracts 11. Surveyors
8. Construction administration and
observation
PROGRAM MANAGEMENT
9. Arrangements for or performance of
testing of materials and equipment Program Manager
10. Assistance in start-up, assessment of • performs specialized tasks necessary to
capacity, and operation of facilities the development or construction of a
specific project
11. Preparation of operation and
maintenance manuals • develop, define and oversee the
12. Appraisals and rate studies program, prepare budgetary estimates
of program costs, prepare program
13. Value engineering schedules, evaluate and select members
14. Expert testimony of the program team, and provide
periodic program status reports
15. Assessment of risks
16. Structural remediation or rehabilitation
17. Project management and controls
1.5 SPECIALIZATION IN CIVIL ENGINEERING 4. quality of client service
PICE (Philippine Institute of Civil Engineers)
• recognizes the initial five areas of Detailed scope of services greatly reduces the
specialization. potential for misunderstandings or confusion
• awards certificate that will consider PICE (Philippine Institute of Civil Engineers)
qualification for positions in the supports procedures such as those specified by
respective areas of specialization CIAP Documents 101 and 102, Executive Order
164, and PD 1594
SPECIALIZATION OF CIVIL ENGINEERS AND
CIVIL ENGINEERING FIRMS 1.7 PRIME PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE
1. Structural and foundation • guidelines in this manual refer
specifically to the engagement of
2. Geotechnical and environmental
engineering services where: Consulting
3. Water resources and hydraulics Civil Engineers – serves as prime
professional
4. Transportation
Client – serves as owner of the project
5. Construction management and
engineering 1.8 EMPLOYMENT
• guidelines in this manual refer to Civil
1.6 SELECTION OF A CIVIL ENGINEER Engineers employed by professional
Engagement of a Civil Engineer consulting firms, government agencies,
educational institutions, construction
• one of the most important decisions to firms, manufacturing and commercial
be made during the development of an entities and other entities
engineering project Cost of the full
range of engineering services 1.9 DESIGN COMPETITION
• not less than 1 to 2% of the life-cycle • process through which a Civil Engineer
cost of most construction projects is selected above other competitors
based on proposal or innovative
Continuity of service approach to solving a client’s needs
• aids in developing a relationship 1.10 CONTINGENCY BASIS OF EMPLOYMENT
between the Civil Engineer and the
client Canon 5c or PICE Code or Ethics provides that
“Engineers may request, propose or accept
1.6 SELECTION OF A CIVIL ENGINEER professional commissions on a contingency
Critical importance in selection of a Civil basis only under circumstances in which their
Engineer as a consultant professional judgments would not be
compromised.”
1. qualifications
2. experience
3. reputation
1.11 PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE OF FOREIGN
CIVIL ENGINEERS
Foreign Civil Engineers are allowed by law (RA
8981) to practice civil engineering in the
Philippines under the following instances:
1. The laws of the foreigner’s state allow
the citizens of the Philippines to
practice civil engineering on the same
basis and grant the same privileges as
those enjoyed by the citizens of such
foreign state.
2. Allowed under international agreement.
3. Consultants to be engaged in foreign-
funded, joint venture or foreign-assisted
projects of the government.
4. Employees of Philippines or foreign
private institutions pursuant to law.
5. Civil Engineers who were former citizens
of the Philippines, who had been
registered and issued a certificate of
registration and a professional
identification card prior to their
naturalization as foreign citizens, and
who, while in the country on a visit,
sojourn or permanent residence, desire
to practice their profession.
