Introductory Terms &
Concepts
MGC Carandang IT 210 #1
What is the Internet?
What is the Web?
1st: What is the Internet?
Local Network
• A network of machines based on the TCP/IP
TCP/IP
• Transmission Control Protocol / Internet
Protocol
• TCP/IP is the set of rules that govern
machine-to-machine communication
PC Lab 2 PC Lab 3 Faculty Room
Local networks are usually confined to an
organization, or some specific physical place.
e.g. ICS, BioSci, Internet café local networks.
Local networks can connect with other local
networks.
Collectively, called an internet (small i)
inter – Latin prefix, meaning between two
groups
Internet *
*big I
World-wide network of computer networks
Private
Network
Some local networks may be connected to
the Internet while still being private, an
intranet.
The Internet (big I)
• Developed by DARPA
(Defense Advanced
Research Projects Agency)
• First known as ARPANET, a
military application
• Intended for decentralized
message passing
The Internet (big I)
• Other universities joined the
Internet
• Then other companies,
institutions, and eventually
PCs at home
The Internet is the collection of
interconnected networks around the world.
It is populated by the machines connected to
these networks.
Examples of these machines are:
• Personal Computers
• Servers
• Phones
• Smart Tech
• Routers
• Satellites
2nd: What is the Web?
Internet =/= Web
File Internet Telephony Internet Relay The World Wide
Email
Transfer (VoIP) Chat Web
Internet
The Internet can be thought of as a
service platform.
Ted Nelson
Published a paper on hypertext,
hypermedia, and hyperlinks in 1965
Ted Nelson had an idea about creating and
using ‘linked content’ and coined the terms
hypermedia, hypertext, and hyperlink to
describe it.
Hypermedia
A medium of containing graphics, audio,
video, hypertext, and hyperlinks
An important concept about hypermedia and
hyperlinks was the nonlinear nature of the
links.
Sir Tim Berners-Lee
Inventor of the Web (1989).
The Web was developed in 1989 in the
European Organization for Nuclear Research
(CERN)
(in French: Conseil Européen pour la
Recherche Nucléaire)
Tim Berners-Lee developed the first web
everything:
The first Web server, Web page, Web browser
(1990)
The Web was first made publicly available on
August 6, 1991
The web’s purpose was for automatic
information sharing between scientists in
universities around the world.
The idea for the Web took cues from Nelson’s
ideas about “linked content”, and
hypermedia.
The Web is the interconnected collection of
websites and webpages around the world.
The Internet contains the Web, as well as
other services.
Tim Berners-Lee went on to found the World
Wide Web Consortium (W3C) in 1994
The W3C is an international consortium of
member organizations.
e.g. Google, IBM, Microsoft, CERN
“…to lead the World Wide Web to its full
potential by developing protocols and guidelines
that ensure the long-term growth of the Web.”
- W3C mission
Web Server
• Used to host and serve resources on the
Web.
• “Server” can refer to both web server
software and the hardware that hosts it.
Request
Web
App Response
Request
Web
App Response
Other
Web Apps
Web Browser
• Software used by humans to access and
display resources in the web
Web Page
• Resources/document written for the web.
Can contain text, images, video, audio, and
other plugins.
Website
• A collection of related web pages (usually
under the same domain).
Static Web Page
• A page that is served ‘as is’ by the server.
Different viewers all see the same content.
Dynamic Web Page
• A resource/document that contains dynamic
elements. Different viewers may see
different content.
http://info.cern.ch/hypertext/WWW/TheProject.html
A recreation of the first website.
http://line-mode.cern.ch/www/hypertext/WWW/TheProject.html
A simulation of the old line-mode browser
