Roll No : School : KUKREJA CLASSES Time : 1 hour

Date : 2025-08-29 Assessment : 9997421065,9149380588

Marks: 61
Subject : Physics
Class : 12th

1 Which of the following is called heat radiation? 1

(a) X-rays (b) γ-rays
(c) Infrared radiation (d) Microwave
Ans : (c)

2 Which of the following are not electromagnetic waves? 1

(a) Cosmic rays (b) γ-rays
(c) β-rays (d) X-rays
Ans :
(c) β-rays consists of electrons which are not electromagnetic nature.

3 Which radiations are used in treatment of muscle ache? 1

(a) Infrared (b) Ultraviolet
(c) Microwave (d) X-rays
Ans : (a) Infrared radiations are used in the treatment of muscle ache.

4 The oscillating magnetic field in a plane electromagnetic wave is given as 1

By = (8 × 10–6) sin [2 ×1011t + 300πx] T, wavelength of the em wave is
3
(a) 0.80 cm (b) 1 × 10 m
(c) 2 × 10–2 cm (d) 0.67 cm

Ans :

5 The ratio of contributions made by the electric field and magnetic field 1
components to the intensity of an EM wave is

Ans : (c)
6 Speed of electromagnetic wave related to electric field and magnetic field 1
vector in vacuum.

Ans : (a)

7 If E and B represent electric and magnetic field vectors of the 1

electromagnetic wave, the direction of propagation of electromagnetic
wave is along
(a) E.
(b) B.
(c) B × E.
(d) E × B.
Ans : (d)

8 An EM wave radiates outwards from a dipole antenna, with E0 as the 1

amplitude of its electric field vector. The electric field E0 which transports
significant energy from the source falls off as

Ans : (c)

9 The source of electromagnetic waves can be a charge 1

(a) moving with a constant velocity.
(b) moving in a circular orbit.
(c) at rest.
(d) falling in a magnetic field.
Ans : (b)
10 The quantity represents 1
(a) speed of sound
(b) speed of light in vacuum
(c) speed of e.m.w.
(d) inverse of speed of light in vacuum

Ans : (d) Speed of light in vacuum,

11 Electromagnetic waves are transverse in nature is evident by 1

(a) polarisation. (b) interference.
(c) reflection. (d) diffraction.
Ans : (a) Only transverse waves can be polarised.

12 Which of the following has maximum penetrating power? 1

(a) Ultraviolet radiation (b) Microwaves
(c) γ-rays (d) Radio waves
Ans :
(c) γ-rays have maximum frequency and energy of proton, therefore
maximum penetrating power.

13 Waves in decreasing order of their wavelength are 1

(a) X-rays, infrared rays, visible rays, radio waves
(b) radio waves, visible rays, infrared rays, X-rays.
(c) radio waves, infrared rays, visible rays, X-rays.
(d) radio waves, ultraviolet rays, visible rays, X-rays.
Ans : (c)

14 The structure of solids is investigated by using 1

(a) cosmic rays (b) X-rays
(c) γ-rays (d) infrared rays
Ans : (b) X-rays are used to investigate structure of solids.
15 Which of the following has minimum wavelength? 1
(a) Blue light (b) γ-rays
(c) infrared rays (d) microwave
Ans :
(b) γ-rays have maximum frequency so minimum wavelength among
electromagnetic waves.

16 How are infrared waves produced? Why are these referred to as ‘heat 2
waves’? Write their one important use.
Ans :
Infrared waves are produced by the vibration of atoms and molecules.
Infrared waves are referred as the heat waves because the water
molecules present in most materials readily absorb infrared waves.
Thus, their thermal motion increases. They heat up and heat their
surroundings.
Infrared waves are used in earth’s satellites and electronic devices.

17 Name the electromagnetic radiation having the wavelength range from 1 2

nm to 10–3 nm. Give its two important applications.
Ans :
X-rays.
These are used: (i) as diagnostic tool and (ii) in treatment of cancer.

18Which of the following electromagnetic waves has (a) minimum 2

wavelength, and (b) minimum frequency? Write one use of each of these
two waves. Infrared waves, Microwaves, g-rays and X-rays

Ans :
19 How are infrared waves produced? Why are these waves referred to as 2
‘heat waves’? Give any two uses of infrared waves.
Ans :
Infrared waves are produced by the vibration of atoms and molecules.
Infrared waves are referred to as the heat waves because the water
molecules present in most materials readily absorb infrared waves.
Thus, their thermal motion increases. They heat up and heat their
surroundings.
Uses of infrared waves:
(i) Infrared photography is used for weather forecasting.
(ii) Infrared rays are also used to make infrared absorption spectrum to
study molecular structures and check purity of chemicals.

20 Identify the electromagnetic waves whose wavelengths vary as 2

(a)10–12 m<λ< 10–8 m
(b) 10 m < λ < 10–1 m
–3

Write one use for each.

Ans : (a) X-rays, used as a diagnostic tool.
(b) Microwave, used in RADAR.

21 (a) The electric field of an electromagnetic wave is represented as Ex = 2

E0 sin (wt + kz).
(i) In which direction is the wave propagating?
(ii) In which direction does the magnetic field oscillate?
(b) Write two characteristics of electromagnetic waves.
Ans : (a) (i) Wave propagates along z-axis.
(ii) Magnetic field oscillates along y-axis.
(b) (i) EM waves do not require any material medium for propagation.
(ii) The magnitudes of electric and magnetic fields of e.m. waves in
free space are related by E/B = c.
22(a) Long distance radio broadcasts use short-wave bands. Why? 2
(b) The experimental demonstration of electromagnetic waves is possible
only in the low frequency region (the radio wave region). Explain.
Ans : (a) Ionosphere reflects waves in these bands.
(b) The frequency that we get even with modern electronic circuits is
hardly about 1011 Hz, this is why experimental demonstration of
electromagnetic wave had to come in low frequency region.

23 Identify the following electromagnetic radiations as per the wavelengths 3

given below. Write one application of each.
(a) 1 mm (b) 10–12 m (c) 10–8 m
Ans :
(a) Microwaves. These are used in aircraft navigation for the radar
system.
(b) γ-rays. These are used in treatment of cancer.
(c) Ultraviolet rays. These are used in LASIK eye surgery.

24 Identify the following electromagnetic radiations as per the wavelengths 3

given below. Write one application of each.
(a) 10–3 nm (b) 10–3 m (c) 1 nm
(a) γ-rays. Use: In treatment of cancer.
(b) Microwaves. Use: In radar system for aircraft navigation.
Ans : (c) X-rays. Use: As a diagnostic tool for the detection of fractures.

25 Identify the following electromagnetic radiations as per the frequencies 3

given below. Write one application of each.
(a) 1020 Hz (b) 109 Hz (c) 1011 Hz
Ans :
(a) X-rays. These are used as a diagnostic tool in medicine.
(b) Radio waves. These are used in radio and television communication
system.
(c) Microwaves. These are used in microwave ovens.
26 Name the radiations of electromagenetic spectrum which are used in 3
(i) warfare to look through fog.
(ii) radar and geostationary satellites.
(iii) stydying the structure and properties of atoms and molecules.
(i) Infrared waves
(ii) Microwaves
Ans : (iii) X-rays

27 (a) How are electromagnetic waves produced by oscillating charges? 3

(b) State clearly how a microwave oven works to heat up a food item
containing water molecules.
(c) Why are microwaves found useful for the radar systems in aircraft
navigation?
Ans :
(a) Electromagnetic waves are produced by accelerated charges. An
oscillating charge produces an oscillating magnetic field which in its
own turn is a source of an oscillating electric field. The oscillating
electric and magnetic fields, thus, regenerate each other, i.e. they
produce electromagnetic waves through the space.
(b) The frequency of microwaves produces resonance with the natural
frequency of oscillations of the water molecules in a food item. As a
result, the amplitude of oscillation of water molecules increases (i.e.
thermal energy increases).
(c) Microwaves have short wavelength. So, they have high penetrating
power and suffer less diffraction. They tend to move along a straight
line.
28A plane electromagnetic wave, of angular frequency ω is propagating with 3
velocity calong the Z-axis. Write the vector equations of oscillating and
magnetic fields and show these fields diagrammatically.

Ans :

29(a) Why are infrared radiations referred to as heat waves? Name the 3
radiations which are next to these radiations in the electromagnetic
spectrum having (i) shorter wavelength, and (ii) longer wavelength.
(b) State the conditions under which a microwave oven heats up a food
item containing water molecules.
Ans :
(a) IR waves heat up the surface on which they fall that is why they are
also known as heat waves.
The radiations next to infrared radiations are:
(i) Visible light (on the shorter wavelength side).
(ii) Microwaves (on the longer wavelength side).
(b) The frequency of microwave must match with the frequency of the
oscillation of water molecules.

30An electric charge is oscillating with a frequency of 3 × 1010 Hz. Calculate 4

the wavelength of the em waves emitted by the oscillating electric charge
in vacuum.

Ans :
31Arrange the following electromagnetic waves in the order of their 3
increasing wavelength:
(a) γ-rays (b) Microwaves (c) X-rays (d) Radio waves
How are infrared waves produced? What role does infrared radiation play
in (i) maintaining the Earth’s warmth, and (ii) physical therapy?
Ans :
γ-rays < X-rays < Microwaves < Radio waves
Infrared waves are produced by the vibration of atoms and molecules.
(i) Infrared waves get trapped by earth’s atmosphere (greenhouse
effect). As a result, earth’s warmth or average
temperature is maintained.
(ii) Infrared waves are also known as heat waves, because the water
molecules present in most materials readily absorb infrared waves.
Thus, their thermal motion increases. As a result, they heat up their
surroundings. Thus, the infrared lamps are used in physical therapy

32An em wave travelling through a medium has electric field vector. 4

Ey = 4 × 105 cos (3.14 × 108 t – 1.57 x) N/C. Here x is in m and t in s.
Then find: (i) wavelength, (ii) frequency, (iii) direction of propagation, (iv)
speed of wave, (v) refractive index of medium, and (vi) amplitude of
magnetic field vector.

Ans :