UNIT 1

1. What is meant by Open Source Software?

a) Software that requires payment
b) Software with secret source code
c) Software with freely available source code
d) Software sold in the market
Answer: c) Software with freely available source code
2. Which of the following is a key principle of open source?
a) Vendor lock-in
b) Source code secrecy
c) User freedom to modify code
d) Code encryption
Answer: c) User freedom to modify code
3. The open source initiative was founded in:
a) 1989
b) 1998
c) 2003
d) 1995
Answer: b) 1998
4. Which is a major advantage of open source software?
a) Expensive license
b) Vendor dependency
c) Flexibility and community support
d) Code cannot be modified
Answer: c) Flexibility and community support
5. Open source promotes:
a) Intellectual property hoarding
b) Closed development
c) Community collaboration
d) Centralized code development
Answer: c) Community collaboration
6. Which of the following is NOT an open source principle?
a) Free redistribution
b) Source code availability
c) Restricting modification
d) Derived works allowed
Answer: c) Restricting modification
7. Open source is important in education because it:
a) Increases licensing cost
b) Encourages passive learning
c) Promotes active exploration and learning
d) Provides outdated tools
Answer: c) Promotes active exploration and learning
8. Open source software can be:
a) Only commercial
b) Only educational
c) Both commercial and non-commercial
d) Neither commercial nor usable
Answer: c) Both commercial and non-commercial
9. A requirement of open source software is that it must:
a) Have restricted access
b) Be written in Java
c) Include the source code
d) Be free of bugs
Answer: c) Include the source code
10. What is the main difference between proprietary and open source software?
a) Open source is costlier
b) Proprietary hides source code
c) Proprietary is more flexible
d) Open source has no documentation
Answer: b) Proprietary hides source code
11. Which one of the following is a closed source software?
a) Ubuntu
b) LibreOffice
c) Microsoft Word
d) GIMP
Answer: c) Microsoft Word
12. Which open-source community focuses on development of Linux Kernel?
a) Mozilla
b) Microsoft
c) Linux Foundation
d) Apache
Answer: c) Linux Foundation
13. The primary goal of open source is to:
a) Reduce piracy
b) Increase revenue
c) Empower users with freedom and transparency
d) Eliminate free software
Answer: c) Empower users with freedom and transparency
14. Which term defines the ability to modify software code?
a) Proprietary rights
b) Source lock
c) Code liberty
d) Code freedom
Answer: d) Code freedom
15. Standard requirement of open source includes:
a) Free trial only
b) Code compiled only
c) Source code must be available
d) Code encryption
Answer: c) Source code must be available

16. FOSS stands for:

a) Free Operating System Software
b) Fully Optimized Secure System
c) Free and Open Source Software
d) Flexible Open Software Standard
Answer: c) Free and Open Source Software
17. Who coined the term "Free Software"?
a) Linus Torvalds
b) Bill Gates
c) Richard Stallman
d) Tim Berners-Lee
Answer: c) Richard Stallman
18. Which foundation promotes Free Software?
a) Mozilla Foundation
b) Linux Foundation
c) Free Software Foundation
d) Apache Software Foundation
Answer: c) Free Software Foundation
19. Free software emphasizes:
a) No updates
b) Freedom of users
c) Government restrictions
d) Paid licenses
Answer: b) Freedom of users
20. Which of the following is true for Free Software?
a) Cannot be distributed
b) Cannot be modified
c) Can be studied and improved
d) Available only to companies
Answer: c) Can be studied and improved
21. Which of the following is a FOSS operating system?
a) Ubuntu
b) Windows
c) macOS
d) Android (stock)
Answer: a) Ubuntu
22. What is a key difference between Free Software and Open Source?
a) FOSS is for developers only
b) Open source emphasizes practicality; free software emphasizes freedom
c) They are exactly the same
d) Open source is proprietary
Answer: b) Open source emphasizes practicality; free software emphasizes freedom
23. FOSS supports which type of license?
a) Trade secret
b) GNU General Public License
c) Microsoft EULA
d) Patent rights
Answer: b) GNU General Public License
24. Which is NOT an example of FOSS?
a) LibreOffice
b) Firefox
c) Microsoft Excel
d) GIMP
Answer: c) Microsoft Excel
25. The philosophy of Free Software includes the freedom to:
a) Sell licenses
 b) Obfuscate source code
c) Use, study, modify, share
d) Prevent users from changes
Answer: c) Use, study, modify, share

26. What does GPL stand for?

a) General Private License
b) General Public License
c) GNU Proprietary License
d) Government Public License
Answer: b) General Public License
27. GPL ensures:
a) License fees
b) Source code secrecy
c) Freedom to use, modify, and distribute
d) Code encryption
Answer: c) Freedom to use, modify, and distribute
28. What is the main difference between GPL and LGPL?
a) LGPL allows linking with proprietary code
b) GPL is commercial
c) LGPL is for operating systems
d) No difference
Answer: a) LGPL allows linking with proprietary code
29. Which of the following is a legal restriction on software use?
a) Trademark
b) Patent
c) Copyright
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
30. Which license is more permissive than GPL?
a) Apache
b) MIT
c) BSD
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
31. What type of software license is the GNU GPL?
a) Permissive
b) Proprietary
c) Copyleft
d) Closed source
Answer: c) Copyleft
32. Copyleft means:
a) Code is private
b) Code can't be reused
c) Modified versions must also be free
d) Only authors can modify code
Answer: c) Modified versions must also be free
33. Which license is commonly used for libraries?
a) LGPL
b) GPL
 c) BSD
d) Apache
Answer: a) LGPL
34. What is protected by copyright in software?
a) Code expression
b) Software idea
c) Algorithm
d) Math formula
Answer: a) Code expression
35. Software patents usually protect:
a) Code appearance
b) Code syntax
c) Functionality or processes
d) User data
Answer: c) Functionality or processes
36. Which is NOT true about software licenses?
a) Defines how software can be used
b) Grants legal permissions
c) Always paid
d) May restrict modification
Answer: c) Always paid
37. What does the BSD license allow?
a) Code must remain open
b) Code cannot be sold
c) Use and modify freely, even in proprietary projects
d) No redistribution
Answer: c) Use and modify freely, even in proprietary projects
38. Which license mandates distribution of source code with binaries?
a) MIT
b) Apache
c) GPL
d) BSD
Answer: c) GPL
39. Which is a valid reason companies use open-source licenses?
a) Avoid piracy
b) Avoid collaboration
c) Increase transparency and adoption
d) Hide bugs
Answer: c) Increase transparency and adoption
40. Which license is used by Linux Kernel?
a) MIT
b) GPL v2
c) BSD
d) LGPL
Answer: b) GPL v2

41. Which of the following is an open-source application?

a) MS Office
b) LibreOffice
c) Adobe Photoshop
 d) Notepad++
Answer: b) LibreOffice
42. Which OS is open-source?
a) Windows
b) macOS
c) Fedora
d) iOS
Answer: c) Fedora
43. Which company sponsors Fedora?
a) Google
b) Microsoft
c) Red Hat
d) Canonical
Answer: c) Red Hat
44. Ubuntu is based on:
a) Fedora
b) Debian
c) Arch
d) Slackware
Answer: b) Debian
45. Which desktop environment is commonly used in Ubuntu?
a) KDE
b) GNOME
c) XFCE
d) Cinnamon
Answer: b) GNOME
46. Which command is used to install software in Ubuntu?
a) rpm
b) sudo apt install
c) yum install
d) brew install
Answer: b) sudo apt install
47. Which is true about Fedora?
a) Rolling release model
b) Based on Debian
c) Maintained by Microsoft
d) Community-driven
Answer: d) Community-driven
48. Which one is a package manager in Ubuntu?
a) YUM
b) RPM
c) APT
d) NPM
Answer: c) APT
49. Fedora uses which package management format?
a) .deb
b) .pkg
c) .exe
d) .rpm
Answer: d) .rpm
50. LibreOffice is an open-source alternative to:
a) Visual Studio
b) MS Office
c) Adobe Reader
d) Google Chrome
Answer: b) MS Office
51. Ubuntu is developed and maintained by:
a) Red Hat
b) Microsoft
c) Canonical Ltd
d) Mozilla
Answer: c) Canonical Ltd
52. Which of the following is not part of LibreOffice?
a) Writer
b) Calc
c) Impress
d) Outlook
Answer: d) Outlook
53. The kernel used by Fedora is:
a) Windows NT
b) Linux
c) BSD
d) DOS
Answer: b) Linux
54. Which application is best for photo editing and open-source?
a) MS Paint
b) Adobe Lightroom
c) GIMP
d) Excel
Answer: c) GIMP
55. An example of a lightweight open-source Linux distro is:
a) Ubuntu Server
b) Xubuntu
c) Windows Lite
d) macOS
Answer: b) Xubuntu

UNIT 2

1. What is ArgoUML primarily used for?

a) Code compilation
b) Database management
c) UML diagram design
d) Bug tracking
Answer: c) UML diagram design
2. UML stands for:
a) Universal Modeling Language
b) Unified Modeling Language
c) Universal Machine Language
d) Unified Machine Logic
Answer: b) Unified Modeling Language
3. Which of the following is NOT a UML diagram?
a) Use Case Diagram
b) Class Diagram
c) Network Diagram
d) Sequence Diagram
Answer: c) Network Diagram
4. Which language is ArgoUML written in?
a) C++
b) Python
c) Java
d) JavaScript
Answer: c) Java
5. ArgoUML supports which of the following diagram types?
a) Entity-Relationship
b) Data Flow
c) Class
d) Network
Answer: c) Class
6. Which diagram shows object interactions arranged in time sequence?
a) Class Diagram
b) Use Case Diagram
c) Sequence Diagram
d) Activity Diagram
Answer: c) Sequence Diagram
7. What is the main benefit of using design tools like ArgoUML?
a) Code generation
b) Diagrammatic software modeling
c) Faster database access
d) Real-time error tracking
Answer: b) Diagrammatic software modeling
8. Use Case diagrams are useful for:
a) Identifying classes
b) Showing database structure
c) Representing system-user interactions
d) Illustrating algorithms
Answer: c) Representing system-user interactions
9. Which of these tools is NOT similar to ArgoUML?
a) StarUML
b) Visual Paradigm
c) GitHub
d) IBM Rational Rose
Answer: c) GitHub
10. What is the role of Activity Diagrams in UML?
a) To show object lifecycles
 b) To represent system flow and actions
c) To show class relationships
d) To track bugs
Answer: b) To represent system flow and actions

11. What is Git primarily used for?

a) Software design
b) Version control
c) Code styling
d) Project planning
Answer: b) Version control
12. What is the default branch name in Git?
a) master
b) main
c) default
d) head
Answer: b) main (Note: Previously "master", now commonly "main")
13. Which command initializes a new Git repository?
a) git start
b) git init
c) git create
d) git new
Answer: b) git init
14. Which command stages files for a commit?
a) git add
b) git push
c) git update
d) git merge
Answer: a) git add
15. What does 'git commit' do?
a) Uploads code to server
b) Downloads repository
c) Saves staged changes
d) Removes file from repo
Answer: c) Saves staged changes
16. To upload local repository content to a remote, use:
a) git update
b) git push
c) git clone
d) git pull
Answer: b) git push
17. What is a Git repository?
a) An IDE
b) A bug tracker
c) A storage for code and history
d) A UML diagram
Answer: c) A storage for code and history
18. What does 'git clone' do?
a) Copies code from remote
b) Deletes code
 c) Initializes repo
d) Shows change history
Answer: a) Copies code from remote
19. Which command shows the commit history?
a) git view
b) git log
c) git commits
d) git trace
Answer: b) git log
20. GitHub is a:
a) Git GUI client
b) Hosting service for Git repositories
c) UML tool
d) Code compiler
Answer: b) Hosting service for Git repositories

21. What is Bugzilla used for?

a) Writing code
b) Database management
c) Bug tracking
d) Testing APIs
Answer: c) Bug tracking
22. Trac integrates with which version control system by default?
a) CVS
b) Git
c) Subversion
d) Mercurial
Answer: c) Subversion
23. In bug tracking systems, a "ticket" refers to:
a) User credential
b) A type of license
c) A record of a bug or issue
d) A test case
Answer: c) A record of a bug or issue
24. Which field is NOT commonly part of a bug report?
a) Bug description
b) Steps to reproduce
c) Code compilation log
d) Assigned developer
Answer: c) Code compilation log
25. Bugzilla is maintained by:
a) Microsoft
b) Mozilla Foundation
c) Apache
d) Google
Answer: b) Mozilla Foundation
26. Which of the following best defines a “milestone” in Trac?
a) A version number
b) A developer role
c) A target for a set of tickets
 d) A bug priority level
Answer: c) A target for a set of tickets
27. Trac can generate:
a) Class diagrams
b) Use case reports
c) Roadmaps and timelines
d) Database schemas
Answer: c) Roadmaps and timelines
28. Bug tracking tools help in:
a) Building source code
b) Detecting malware
c) Monitoring and managing issues
d) Encrypting data
Answer: c) Monitoring and managing issues
29. A resolved ticket means:
a) The issue is ignored
b) The bug is fixed or addressed
c) The developer is replaced
d) A duplicate report
Answer: b) The bug is fixed or addressed
30. Which of the following is NOT a bug tracking tool?
a) Bugzilla
b) JIRA
c) Trac
d) Vim
Answer: d) Vim

31. Bootstrap is primarily used for:

a) Back-end scripting
b) Front-end design
c) Database queries
d) Server management
Answer: b) Front-end design
32. Which language does Bootstrap use?
a) C++
b) Java
c) HTML, CSS, JavaScript
d) PHP
Answer: c) HTML, CSS, JavaScript
33. Bootstrap is maintained by:
a) Google
b) Microsoft
c) Twitter
d) Facebook
Answer: c) Twitter
34. What is the purpose of Bootstrap's grid system?
a) Database layout
b) Email formatting
c) Responsive page layout
 d) File encryption
Answer: c) Responsive page layout
35. Which class makes an element responsive in Bootstrap?
a) .fluid
b) .responsive
c) .container-fluid
d) .dynamic
Answer: c) .container-fluid
36. Bootstrap includes which of the following components?
a) Linux kernel
b) CSS-based buttons, forms, and navbars
c) Python compilers
d) SQL queries
Answer: b) CSS-based buttons, forms, and navbars
37. Which tag is commonly used with Bootstrap's grid system?
a) <form>
b) <col>
c) <div>
d) <section>
Answer: c) <div>
38. What is the default grid size in Bootstrap 4?
a) 6
b) 10
c) 12
d) 16
Answer: c) 12
39. Bootstrap helps make websites:
a) Static
b) Responsive and mobile-friendly
c) Back-end compatible
d) SEO optimized
Answer: b) Responsive and mobile-friendly
40. Which class is used to create a button in Bootstrap?
a) .btn-default
b) .btn
c) .input
d) .form-button
Answer: b) .btn

41. Which combination is ideal for full stack development?

a) Bootstrap + Bugzilla
b) Git + Bootstrap + Bug tracker + UML
c) ArgoUML + Notepad
d) GitHub + Photoshop
Answer: b) Git + Bootstrap + Bug tracker + UML
42. Which tool best supports collaborative version control?
a) UML
b) Trac
c) Git
 d) Bootstrap
Answer: c) Git
43. Which of the following improves code sharing across a team?
a) UML
b) Git repositories
c) Bug reports
d) CSS
Answer: b) Git repositories
44. Which tool is best for front-end design among the following?
a) Git
b) Bootstrap
c) Bugzilla
d) Trac
Answer: b) Bootstrap
45. Which of the following enables bug assignment to developers?
a) Git
b) Bootstrap
c) Bugzilla
d) UML
Answer: c) Bugzilla
46. UML and ArgoUML are best used during which phase of SDLC?
a) Implementation
b) Design
c) Testing
d) Maintenance
Answer: b) Design
47. Bootstrap components include:
a) Forks
b) Checkboxes, navbars, cards
c) Repositories
d) Tickets
Answer: b) Checkboxes, navbars, cards
48. Which of the following is a centralized version control system?
a) Git
b) SVN
c) Bootstrap
d) Bugzilla
Answer: b) SVN
49. In Trac, the wiki feature is used for:
a) Managing HTML
b) Writing bug reports
c) Project documentation
d) Visual editing
Answer: c) Project documentation
50. What is the common link among Git, Bugzilla, Bootstrap, and ArgoUML?
a) Database management
b) Software testing
c) Software development support tools
d) Hardware design
Answer: c) Software development support tools
 UNIT 3

1. What is Apache primarily used for?

a) Email service
b) Database management
c) Web server hosting
d) Operating system control
Answer: c) Web server hosting
2. Apache is developed and maintained by:
a) Mozilla Foundation
b) GNU Foundation
c) Apache Software Foundation
d) Microsoft
Answer: c) Apache Software Foundation
3. What is the configuration file used in Apache?
a) server.cfg
b) httpd.conf
c) apache.ini
d) host.txt
Answer: b) httpd.conf
4. Which port does Apache use by default for HTTP?
a) 20
b) 21
c) 80
d) 443
Answer: c) 80
5. Apache supports which scripting language integration?
a) PHP
b) JavaScript
c) Python
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
6. Which of the following is NOT a feature of Apache?
a) Modular architecture
b) SSL support
c) Proprietary license
d) Virtual hosting
Answer: c) Proprietary license
7. Apache runs on which operating systems?
a) Windows
b) Linux
c) macOS
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
8. What is the full form of LAMP in which Apache is used?
a) Linux, Apache, MongoDB, Perl
b) Linux, Apache, MySQL, PHP
c) Linux, Apache, MySQL, Python
d) Linux, Apache, MariaDB, Perl
Answer: b) Linux, Apache, MySQL, PHP
9. BSD stands for:
a) Binary System Development
b) Berkeley Software Distribution
c) Berkeley Software Development
d) Base System Distribution
Answer: b) Berkeley Software Distribution
10. BSD is a type of:
a) Programming language
b) Operating system
c) File system
d) Compiler
Answer: b) Operating system
11. BSD was originally derived from:
a) Linux
b) UNIX
c) Windows
d) MacOS
Answer: b) UNIX
12. Which of the following is NOT a BSD variant?
a) FreeBSD
b) OpenBSD
c) NetBSD
d) Ubuntu
Answer: d) Ubuntu
13. BSD license allows:
a) Use in proprietary software
b) Source code must remain open
c) Commercial restrictions
d) Patented usage only
Answer: a) Use in proprietary software
14. BSD is known for its:
a) Poor performance
b) Weak networking
c) High security and performance
d) Lack of community support
Answer: c) High security and performance

15. Mozilla Firefox is a:

a) Text editor
b) Web browser
c) Operating system
d) Database
Answer: b) Web browser
16. Mozilla Foundation was established in:
a) 2000
b) 2003
c) 2005
d) 1995
Answer: b) 2003
17. Which engine powers Mozilla Firefox?
a) Blink
b) Gecko
c) WebKit
d) Trident
Answer: b) Gecko
18. What is the private browsing mode in Firefox called?
a) Stealth Mode
b) Secure Window
c) Incognito
d) Private Window
Answer: d) Private Window
19. Mozilla Firefox supports extensions written in:
a) Java
b) HTML, CSS, JS
c) C++
d) Python
Answer: b) HTML, CSS, JS
20. Firefox emphasizes:
a) Monetization
b) User tracking
c) Open web and privacy
d) Corporate lock-in
Answer: c) Open web and privacy
21. Which of these features is unique to Firefox?
a) Chromium base
b) Gecko engine
c) Safari WebKit
d) Windows-only support
Answer: b) Gecko engine
22. Firefox Send (discontinued) was a service for:
a) Messaging
b) File sharing
c) Online meetings
d) Antivirus scanning
Answer: b) File sharing

23. Wikipedia is an example of a:

a) Static website
b) Blogging platform
c) Collaborative online encyclopedia
d) Cloud storage system
Answer: c) Collaborative online encyclopedia
24. Wikipedia is maintained by:
a) Wikimedia Foundation
b) Mozilla Foundation
c) GNU Project
d) Microsoft
Answer: a) Wikimedia Foundation
25. Wikipedia was launched in:
a) 2001
b) 1995
c) 2000
d) 2005
Answer: a) 2001
26. The software platform behind Wikipedia is called:
a) WikiEdit
b) WikiBuilder
c) MediaWiki
d) WebWiki
Answer: c) MediaWiki
27. Which of the following is TRUE about Wikipedia content?
a) It is copyrighted to users only
b) All edits are private
c) Content is freely available under Creative Commons
d) It is ad-supported
Answer: c) Content is freely available under Creative Commons
28. Wikipedia allows anyone to:
a) View but not edit content
b) Edit articles with moderation
c) Sell content
d) Lock the content permanently
Answer: b) Edit articles with moderation

29. Joomla is a:
a) Database
b) Content Management System (CMS)
c) Web browser
d) Compiler
Answer: b) Content Management System (CMS)
30. Joomla is primarily written in:
a) Java
b) PHP
c) Python
d) Ruby
Answer: b) PHP
31. Which database does Joomla commonly use?
a) Oracle
b) MS Access
c) MySQL
d) MongoDB
Answer: c) MySQL
32. Which of the following is NOT a Joomla feature?
a) Template support
b) Multilingual support
c) Code compilation
d) User management
Answer: c) Code compilation
33. Joomla is best suited for:
a) Operating systems
b) Server configuration
c) Website creation
d) Hardware testing
Answer: c) Website creation
34. Which of the following CMS is a Joomla competitor?
a) GCC
b) WordPress
c) Firefox
d) Git
Answer: b) WordPress

35. GCC stands for:

a) GNU Computer Compiler
b) GNU Common Compiler
c) GNU Compiler Collection
d) GNU Control Center
Answer: c) GNU Compiler Collection
36. GCC was originally written for which language?
a) Java
b) Pascal
c) C
d) C++
Answer: c) C
37. Which languages are supported by GCC?
a) C
b) C++
c) Fortran
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
38. GCC is a part of the:
a) BSD license
b) GNU project
c) Linux Kernel
d) Mozilla Foundation
Answer: b) GNU project
39. Which command compiles C code using GCC?
a) gcc filename.c
b) run filename.c
c) make filename.c
d) exec filename.c
Answer: a) gcc filename.c
40. GCC is a type of:
a) Debugger
b) IDE
c) Compiler
d) Server
Answer: c) Compiler
41. Which license is used for GCC?
a) Apache
b) BSD
c) GPL
d) MIT
Answer: c) GPL
42. GCC is primarily used in:
a) Mobile phones
b) Software development and compilation
c) Web browsing
d) CMS installation
Answer: b) Software development and compilation

43. LibreOffice is an alternative to:

a) Visual Studio
b) MS Office
c) Photoshop
d) Chrome
Answer: b) MS Office
44. Which of the following is NOT a LibreOffice application?
a) Writer
b) Calc
c) Sketch
d) Impress
Answer: c) Sketch
45. LibreOffice is developed by:
a) Oracle
b) Microsoft
c) The Document Foundation
d) Mozilla
Answer: c) The Document Foundation
46. LibreOffice supports saving files in which format?
a) DOCX
b) ODT
c) PDF
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
47. Which component of LibreOffice is used for spreadsheets?
a) Writer
b) Calc
c) Draw
d) Math
Answer: b) Calc
48. LibreOffice is:
a) Paid software
b) Closed source
c) Open-source and free
d) Ad-supported
Answer: c) Open-source and free
49. LibreOffice Impress is used for:
a) Database creation
b) Slide presentations
c) Drawing
d) File compression
Answer: b) Slide presentations
50. Which operating systems support LibreOffice?
a) Windows
b) Linux
c) macOS
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above