Group of Proteins C H O N s

Heterogamy LIPIDS lipids

1 Non polar hydrocarbons
Insoluble in water III
Soluble in non polar solvent like
ether chloroform
2
High energy value
3 Vitamin A D E and K are
lipid
derivatives

4 Electrical insulation of Nerve fibers

5 Formation of membranes

6 Stored
energy in adipose tissue
oil seeds
 LIPIDS
SIMPLE LIPIDS COMPOUND LIPIDS
ESTERS OF FOA WITH ALCOHOL FOA ADDITIONAL
ALCOHOL GROUP
PHOSPHOLIPIDS
A PHOSPHATE GROUP IS PR
1 FATS SOLID
I GLYCERO PHOSPHOLIPID
GLYCEROL FOA
GLYCEROL
2 OILS LIQUID
FoAo I
PHOSPHATE GROUP t
GLYCEROL FoAo AMINO COMPOUND
2 SPHIN90PHospHoup
3 WAXES
MONO HYDRIC ALCOHOL SEMIIGOS IE t
F A Group t
Ight E
GLYCOLIPIDS
A CARBOHYDRATE GROUP IS PR
L CEREBRO SIDES
SPHINGOSINE FOA GLU
2 GLOBO SIDES
SPHINGOSINE Fo Aot
DI TRI OR TETRASACCHA
RIDE

3 GANGLIOSIDE
SPHINGOSINE t FoAot
COMPLEX OLIGOSACCHARIDE
FATS OILS ARE ESTERS OF Fo Ao WITH
GLYCEROLS

Fats Triglycerides which are solid at room temp

Mainly present in animals
Fats have high proportion
of
1
long chain F A T
saturated F A T
3 trans fatty acids 449

Oils Triglycerides which are liquid at room temp

Mainly present in plants
Oils have high proportion
of
1 Short Chain F Ao
2 Unsaturated F A
3 Cis fatty acids F A

Fatty acids Are carboxylic acid with a

hydr carbon
chain
 Triglycerides
Simple lipids Effigy
3 Mot Fattyacids
Triglyceride 2 Mol Glycerol
fond
CAZ OH
1
H C OH OH
3
Hz OH
y Tail
yy y

Fatty acids Carboxylic acids with a hydrocarbon

chain

Carboxylic acid group

ChzCOI
Coon

1,3 59004
H
É g

a
83 9 92 88292 Ghz Goon

a
83 Tyson
 n I o I
glycerol th OH
the OH

Ester
bond
4,7111
is Foa
n
g
Ch o É Is FA
dnz o
I XXW.tk 3FoA

Triglyceride
Solid More stable Mol movement less

liquid less stable fast Mol movement

Tad

Fat Oils
Ghee Butter
 Oleic acid 18C 19 Single time
MIA double bond

in doon
45912 92 5927 59 Ghz Enjoy
linoleic acid 18C 19

doon
913
18 4194 41
95Gt
Ghz Enjoy
Double bond
more than

Linolenic Acid
Is one time
too
C
W
t doon
Fish 9591 41 95 to gnz fnfgi
Vegetable ate DALLI
Nitta
OI Hydrogenation
Triglycerides Reduction
unsaturated
with
For
my

i
g H
 Saturated Fatty acids All carbon atoms are saturated
with H'atoms No double bonds

Eg Palmitic acid 166 Mz Enigchicoon

Stearic acid 18C Ghz
Indische Coon

Unsaturated fatty acids Carbon atoms are not

fully
saturated with H atoms therefore contains one or

more double bonds

Eg Oleic acid 18C 19 I MUFA

Linoleic acid 19.12

18C
Omg s
3 Foa linolenic acid 18C 19,12 F
8 ii ly
Arachidonic acid zoo as

MUFA Mono unsaturated fatty Acids

PUFA Poly unsaturated fatty Acids

Linoleic and Linolenic acids are

essential fatty acids because our

body can not synthesize them

Fatty acids with cis double bonds

have bend and are more reactive
as compared to trans double bend
 W comega Fatty acids
3

Eg Linolenic acid
good for health
Decreases cholesterol level

Mackerel oil 1.8 91

fish
Herring fish 1st
Sardines fish 141

Cis Oleic acid cis doubted

H
18C 19
Xyy
to soon

is
4
Raectivity
oil t

Transdouble
Trans Oleic acid bond

É
93
I yy y4ooH
stability 999
fate
Water can't be broken easily
resistant to
Monohydric
alcohol fog hydrolysis
on
with one

breaking a bond with addition of Hao

Hydrolysis
Waxes One F Ao attached with a long chain
monohydric alcohol
Resistant to hydrolysis
They form water insoluble coating on hair
and skin in animals and stem leaves and
fruits of plants

Eg Bees wax Hexacosyl palmitate

Carnuba Myricylcerotate leaves stem four
Cerumen Ear wax
Lanolin Cholesterol ester Blood sebum

cholesterol o
Monohysic
IMAX
Alcohol
 Complex Lipids
Phospholipids Alcohol F Aot Phosphategroup N compound

Glycetrol Sphingosine
t d
phospholipid
Glycero Sphingo
phospholipid

phospholipid
Glycero

Phosphatidic acid
Eg
oI 43 FoAo
q GHz
H o É on Foa
g Hz o Éo
I
phospho
group
ester
Ho che CENT
CephalicPhosphatidy
ethanolamine
o c ethijg.ge
gaz
GH
o I 43 FoAo

I i cena
O
 Phophatidylcholine
lecithin
away
I 0
11
H O C 93 FoAo

duo is
I
o cm one'EIn
choline pr in
Bile also

phosphatidylserine
05
5 11
O C ab foAo
Hz OS
I s H
H O C 93 FoAo
g wht
i 3
I
CHEO O cha ch
5 I 1
OH Coo

Serine

mitochondrial
Phosphatidylinositol inner
membrane

Diphosphatidylyycerol cardiolipin

Heart tissue 50 phospholipid

Plasmalogey
 Am

p Yog
H
P
F

phospholipid
Phospholipid
11 1111111111111
Fission
1 1141
00000000000000
protein
 no Na
Pdaarehin7onfmzo

0000doooo.gg

1111111111111111111111 heads
0020000000000g.pro pola

Polar
Tissue fluid
1120

cen memorane

jig a

ten
 Ed Mc model

extreme deepsea
Organisms living in cold region Extremely
A Howdothey increase fluidity of
their membranes
by increasing the proportion
of unsaturated fort in their
phospholipids
Chain length Itt

More saturatedfor more unsaturatedfort

000000000 000000000
1111111141111
INDAH
deal Idalia
Stability M fluidity
fluiditythe
All phospholipids are important constituents of
cellular membranes
Plasmalogen is abundantly 50 present in heart
tissue
Cardiolipin is present in inner mitochondrial
membrane
 sphingosine t foAo t choline

Sphingophospholipids
They contains sphingosine in place of Glycerol

HO CH 4CH sCH CH CH3

z 18 is an
31 Sphingosine
NHz amine alcohol
zqH
CHzOH o C no 1,2 3 Can
be considered equivalent to
C no I 2,3 of glycerol

Eg Sphingomyelin 0

io.a.iiiiiiiii.a.ci
31
N
4 5 18
mmmm FoAo
It
zC
I ti O
CHEpl O CHz CHI 1 33

1
f 1
Chz
Choline
group
An important constituent of Schwann cell
plasma membrane which form Myelin sheath
for electrical insulation
 GLYCOLIPIDS
Glycolipids contains sphingosine

Sphingosine Foa Carbohydrate group

HO CH2 1548173
GH GH GH
Eminem Foa
29 IO
ICH2

X is a carbohydrate

If X is a
glucose mot cerebroside

is Di Tri or
If X a Globosides
Tetrasaccharide
If X is a even more Gangliosides
complex oligosaccharide

Glycolipids are present in

abundantly
neural tissue Brain spinal cord etc
Galactose is common carbohydrate in

Glycolipids Galactose Brain sugar

 Derived lipids
d
Steroids Eicosanoids

te de Frostaglandins Thrombaxones
Sterols Sterones
te
Tutflammation Clotting Leucotsienes
I
Pain Bronchio
Uterinecramps constriction

g what are steroids

Ans
Any compound which
contain a cyclopentane per hydro
phenanthrene

cog cholesterol
u 27 C
4h3 u
t u

c
AB c
I e

g c
HO c
 Stern
h
01
O
Sterone

Ek
sterols on Vit A D
1 Cholesterol
2 Ergosterol found in Ergots fungi Wit D precusser
30
cholesterol 7 dehydrocholesterol UV Cholecalciferol
Wit D
Uo Estradiol Estrogen
gyp estradiol
S Cortisol hormone Adrenalcortex
1 Aldosterone Hormone Adrenal cortex
steron.es Adrenal cortex
2 Cortisone Hormone
3 Testosterone Hormone sex hormone

4 Progesterone Hormone 9 sex hormone

5 Ecdysone Insect moultinghormone

Diosgenin obtained Dioscorea Yam plant is

from
used in manufacture of Antifertility pills
 Functions
of lipids
1 Stored energy adipose tissue
2 Thermal insulation Blubber adipose tissue
3 Electrical insulation Myelin sheath
4 Structural component of cellular membranes
S Vit A D E I k are lipid derivative
G Hormones Steroid hormones
cortisol aldosterone testosterone

estrogen Progesterone
7 Protection Waxes

Natural
 What
It is
Very fronting
12
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I

1 17
Simple pen
 What are you doing

What are you doin