Business Communication
Module 2: Non –Verbal & Oral Communication
Bharat Dash: 7738379946 SSU/FMS/MBA/Sem 1/2024-25
[email protected] Importance of Body-Language
• Complementing Verbal Communication: It
can reinforce or contradict the message
being conveyed verbally.
• Expressing Emotions and Intentions: Non-
verbal cues express a wide array of
emotions, attitudes, and intentions without
uttering a word.
Importance of Body-Language
• Enhancing Clarity and Understanding: It aids in
understanding nuances that words alone might not
convey, leading to improved comprehension.
• Building Rapport and Relationships: Positive body
language encourages open communication and fosters
healthy relationships.
• Cross-Cultural Communication: Gestures and expressions
can carry different meanings across cultures, and
awareness of these differences is essential to avoid
misinterpretation.
Major types of body language (Non Verbal)
1. Proxemics (use of space)
2. Kinesics (facial expressions, gestures,
posture)
3. Haptics (use of touch)
4. Chronemics (use of time)
5. Paralanguage (tone, pitch, volume)
6. Appearance and clothing
1. Proxemics (Use of Space)
• Proxemics refers to the study of how
individuals use and perceive the space
around them in the context of
communication.
• It involves the understanding of personal
space, territoriality, and spatial
arrangements during interactions.
Proxemics: Four main zones:
• Intimate Zone: Reserved for close, personal
relationships (0-18 inches).
• Personal Zone: For interactions with friends and
family (18 inches - 4 feet).
• Social Zone: Used for professional and casual
interactions (4-12 feet).
• Public Zone: Appropriate for public speaking or
formal settings (beyond 12 feet).
• Understanding proxemics helps individuals interpret
relationships, power dynamics, and cultural norms
related to personal space.
2. Kinesics
• Kinesics involves the study of body
movements, facial expressions, gestures,
and posture as a form of
communication.
• It plays a crucial role in conveying
emotions, attitudes, and intentions.
Kinesics
• Facial Expressions: Movements of facial muscles
that communicate emotions (e.g., smiling for
happiness, frowning for displeasure).
• Gestures: Hand and arm movements that
emphasize or illustrate verbal communication
(e.g., waving to greet, pointing to indicate
direction).
• Posture: The alignment and positioning of the
body (e.g., standing straight to display
confidence, slouching to indicate lack of
interest).
3. Haptics (Touch)
• Haptics refers to the use of touch in
communication.
• Touch is a powerful non-verbal cue that can
convey a range of emotions, intentions, and
meanings.
• Different touches can indicate affection,
support, control, or aggression.
• It is crucial to consider cultural and
personal boundaries when interpreting
and using touch in communication
4. Chronemics (Time)
• Chronemics involves the study of how individuals
perceive and use time in communication.
• It includes the interpretation of waiting
time, response time, and the importance
placed on time.
• Different cultures have varying perspectives on
punctuality, deadlines, and the value of time,
which influences communication styles and
interactions.
5. Paralanguage (Tone, Pitch, Volume)
• Paralanguage encompasses non-
verbal elements of speech,
including tone, pitch, volume, rate,
and rhythm.
• These vocal cues convey emotions,
attitudes, and intentions.
5. Paralanguage (Tone, Pitch, Volume)
• Tone: Indicates emotions (e.g., a soothing tone
for comfort, an aggressive tone for anger).
• Pitch: The highness or lowness of
the voice, conveying aspects like
excitement or frustration.
• Volume: The loudness or softness of the voice,
indicating confidence, authority, or emphasis.
6. Appearance and clothing
It Includes
• Attire: The type of clothing worn, including
professional, casual, formal, or cultural attire.
• Grooming: Personal hygiene, hairstyle,
makeup, and overall tidiness.
• Accessories: Jewelry, watches, belts, etc., that
complement the outfit.
6. Appearance and clothing
Impacts
• First Impressions: Clothing and appearance are
the first noticeable elements, forming instant
perceptions.
• Professionalism: A well-groomed look showcases
professionalism and commitment to one's role.
• Cultural Relevance: Adhering to cultural clothing
norms displays respect for diverse backgrounds.
Group Discussion (GD)
• A group discussion is a structured
communication process where a group
of individuals, usually with diverse
backgrounds and perspectives,
engage in an open conversation to
share ideas, opinions, and information
on a specific topic. It's a form of
interactive and collaborative
communication that aims to explore various
aspects of a subject.
Components of a GD
• Participants: Individuals involved in the
discussion. They contribute ideas,
opinions, and insights based on the
given topic.
• Moderator: The facilitator who guides
the discussion, maintains decorum,
ensures everyone has a chance to
speak, and keeps the discussion on
track.
Components of a GD
• Topic: The subject or issue for discussion,
providing a framework for the conversation.
• Process: The way the discussion is conducted,
including rules, time limits, and how participants
are expected to contribute.
• Outcome: The result or conclusion of the
discussion, which may be a decision, a set of
recommendations, or a plan of action.
Types of GD
• Brainstorming Sessions: A creative process where
participants generate a multitude of ideas
spontaneously and without criticism. It encourages
a free flow of thoughts and is excellent for problem-
solving and innovation.
• Case-based Discussions: Discussions centered
around a specific case study or scenario.
Participants analyze the situation, identify
problems, and propose solutions, applying
theoretical knowledge to practical contexts.
Types of GD
• Role-playing Discussions: Participants assume
roles relevant to a given scenario and discuss from
those perspectives. It helps in understanding
different viewpoints and improving decision-
making skills.
• Deliberation Discussions: Formal discussions
where participants debate on a topic, presenting
arguments, counterarguments, and justifications.
It's a structured way to explore multiple facets of a
subject and arrive at a well-informed conclusion.
The Six Thinking Hats
Advantages of a GD
• Multiple perspectives and ideas
• Enhanced critical thinking and problem-
solving
• Increased participation and
engagement
6: Challenges of a GD
• Dominant personalities
• Conflict resolution
• Time management
Strategies for Effective Group Discussions
• Active listening and respectful
communication
• Building on others' ideas
• Constructive feedback and criticism
• Effective time management
Public Speaking
• A form of communication where a person
speaks to a live audience with the purpose
of informing, persuading, or entertaining.
• Importance:
• Expressing Ideas
• Career Growth
• Leadership Skills
• Confidence Building
Glossophobia :The Fear of Public Speaking
Common Causes:
• Fear of judgment or criticism.
• Fear of forgetting what to say.
• Fear of failure.
Strategies to Overcome Stage Fright
• Preparation
• Practice
• Breathing Techniques
• Positive Visualization
Tips for Effective Public Speaking
• Know Your Audience: Tailor your message to
suit the audience.
• Body Language: Maintain good posture,
make eye contact, and use gestures.
• Tone and Pitch: Modulate your voice to
convey emotions and engagement.
• Connect Emotionally: Share personal stories
or experiences.
• Handle Nervousness: Convert nervous
energy into enthusiasm.
Preparing for an Interview
• Research the Company: Understand the
company's culture, values, mission, and
recent developments.
• Review the Job Description: Analyze the
job role, responsibilities, and
requirements.
• Practice Common Interview Questions:
Behavioral questions, situational
questions, and industry-specific questions.
Some Do’s and Don’ts
Do’s:
• Dress Appropriately
• Arrive Early
• Maintain Good Posture and Eye Contact
• Active Listening
Don’ts:
• Don't Arrive Late
• Avoid Negative Comments
• Don't Interrupt the Interviewer
• Avoid Overconfidence
Interviews: During and After
During an Interview
• Showcase your skills
• Ask Questions
• Express Enthusiasm
• Remember it’s a conversation
After an Interview
• Send a Thank You note
• Reflect and Learn
• Follow-up
Self Introduction
Importance of First Impression
• First impressions are formed within seconds
of meeting someone.
• People tend to form lasting judgments based
on these initial impressions.
• A well-crafted introduction sets a positive
tone for the interaction.
Elements of a Good Introduction
• Clarity and Conciseness: Convey the necessary
information clearly and succinctly avoiding
unnecessary details or jargon.
• Relevance to the Context: Tailor the introduction
based on the situation and audience highlighting
aspects that are most relevant and engaging for the
specific context.
• Engaging the Audience: Start with a hook, an
intriguing fact, or a thought-provoking question to
grab attention. Share a relevant anecdote or a brief
story that resonates with the audience.
