Data Structures – Complete Overview for Computer Science Students
Prepared by: Sathish G.
Class 12 Computer Science – Board Exam Preparation
1. Introduction:
Data structures are organized ways to store, manage, and retrieve data efficiently.
2. Types of Data Structures:
- Arrays
- Linked Lists
- Stacks
- Queues
- Trees
- Graphs
3. Arrays:
Definition: Collection of elements of the same data type stored in contiguous
memory locations.
Example: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
Operations:
- Traversal
- Insertion
- Deletion
4. Linked Lists:
Definition: Sequence of nodes where each node contains data and a reference to the
next node.
Types: Singly, Doubly, Circular
Example:
Node1 → Node2 → Node3
Advantages:
- Dynamic memory allocation
- Easy insertion and deletion
5. Stacks:
Definition: LIFO (Last In First Out) structure.
Operations:
- push()
- pop()
Example: Undo operation in text editors
6. Queues:
Definition: FIFO (First In First Out) structure.
Operations:
- enqueue()
- dequeue()
Example: Printer task scheduling
7. Trees:
Definition: Hierarchical data structure with a root node and child nodes.
Types: Binary Tree, Binary Search Tree
Applications:
- Database indexing
- File systems
8. Graphs:
Definition: A set of nodes connected by edges.
Representations: Adjacency list, adjacency matrix
Applications:
- Social networks
- Routing algorithms
9. Practice Problems:
1. Implement a stack using an array.
2. Write code for inserting a node in a linked list.
10. Summary:
Data structures are vital for solving complex problems efficiently. Understanding
their properties helps in designing algorithms.
End of Document.
