Electric Charges and Fields

Question1
A square loop of sides a = 1 m is held normally in front of a point
charge q = 1C at a distance . The flux of the electric field through
a

2
2

the shaded region is ×

5

p
1

ε0
Nm

C
, where the value of p is ________ .

JEE Main 2025 (Online) 24th January Morning Shift

Answer: 48

Solution:
Total flux through square =
q 1
( )
ϵ0 6

Lets divide square is 8 equal parts.

Flux is same for each part.

∴ Flux through shaded portion is 5

8
(Total flux)
5 q 1 5 1
= × =
8 ϵ0 6 48 ϵ0

∴ Required Ans. is 48

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Question2
An electric dipole of dipole moment 6 × 10 Cm is placed in −6

uniform electric field of magnitude 10 V/m. Initially, the dipole 6

moment is parallel to electric field. The work that needs to be done

on the dipole to make its dipole moment opposite to the field, will be
_______ J.

JEE Main 2025 (Online) 28th January Evening Shift

Answer: 12

Solution:
 −6
p = 6 × 10 Cm

6
E = 10 v/m

W = ΔU = −pE (cos θ f − cos θ i )

W = 2pE = 12 J

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Question3
The electric field in a region is given by
→
E = (2^
i + 4^
^ 3
j + 6k) × 10 N/C . The flux of the field through a
rectangular surface parallel to x − z plane is 6.0 Nm C . The area 2 −1

of the surface is _____________ cm . 2

JEE Main 2025 (Online) 7th April Evening Shift

Answer: 15

Solution:
To calculate the area of the surface through which the electric flux is determined, we use the given electric
→
field and the specified surface orientation. The electric field is expressed as E = (2^i + 4^j + 6k)
^ × 10 3
N/C .
→
Since the surface is parallel to the x − z plane, its area vector A is directed along the y-axis, making it .
A^
j

The electric flux ϕ through the surface is given by:

− → →
^ 3
ϕ = E ⋅ A = (2^
i + 4^
j + 6k) × 10 ⋅ A^
j

Calculating the dot product, the only component contributing to the flux is the y-component:
3
ϕ = (4 × 10 ) A

Given that the electric flux ϕ is 6.0 Nm 2

, we can equate and solve for A:
/C

3
6 = 4 × 10 A

6 −3 2
A = 3
= 1.5 × 10 m
4×10

Converting this area from square meters to square centimeters:

−3 2 2
A = 1.5 × 10 m = 15 cm

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Question4
A line charge of length is kept at the center of an edge BC of a
a

cube ABCDEFGH having edge length ' a ' as shown in the figure. If
the density of line charge is λC per unit length, then the total electric
flux through all the faces of the cube will be ___________ . (Take, ϵ 0

as the free space permittivity)

JEE Main 2025 (Online) 22nd January Morning Shift

Options:

A. λa

2ϵ 0

B. λa

8ϵ 0

C. λa

4ϵ 0

D. λa
16ϵ 0

Answer: B
Solution:

ϕ =
q enc

ε0
,q enc = enclosed charge

here, we need three other identical cubes to enclose the charge fully.

So, total four cubes enclose the charge

Hence, ϕ cube
=
ϕ

a
q enc λ( )
2 λa
= = ⇒ ϕ cube =
4ε 0 4ε 0 8ε 0

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Question5
For a short dipole placed at origin O , the dipole moment P is along
x-axis, as shown in the figure. If the electric potential and electric

field at A are V and E , respectively, then the correct combination

0 0

of the electric potential and electric field, respectively, at point B on

the y-axis is given by
JEE Main 2025 (Online) 22nd January Evening Shift
Options:

A. V0

2
and E0

16

B. zero and E0

C. V and
0
E0

D. zero and E0

16

Answer: D

Solution:
2kP kP
EA = = E 0 &V A = = v0
r3 r2

kP E0 →
kp ⋅ r
^
EB = = &V B = = 0
3
(2r) 16 r2

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Question6
The electric flux is ϕ = ασ + βλ where λ and σ are linear and
surface charge density, respectively. ( ) represents α

β
JEE Main 2025 (Online) 23rd January Morning Shift
Options:

A. displacement

B. charge

C. electric field

D. area

Answer: A

Solution:

Let's analyze the given expression step by step.

We are given the electric flux:

ϕ = ασ + βλ

where:

σ is a surface charge density with units of charge per unit area (C/m²).

λ is a linear charge density with units of charge per unit length (C/m).

For the equation to be dimensionally consistent, the two terms on the right must have the same units as the
flux ϕ.

For the term ασ:

Since σ has units C/m , the constant α must have units that convert σ into the same units as the flux.
2

For the term βλ:

Since λ has units C/m, the constant β carries its own units to ensure the term matches the flux’s dimensions.

Since both terms add to give the flux, they must share the same overall dimension. Thus, the dimensions of
ασ and βλ must be equal:

Q Q
[α] ⋅ 2 = [β] ⋅
L L

Here, Q represents the unit of charge and L represents a unit of length. Canceling the common factors, we
find:
[α]
= L
[β]

That is, the ratio α

β
has the dimension of length.
Now, let’s match this with the given options:

Option A: Displacement (commonly measured as a length)

Option B: Charge (has the unit Coulomb)

Option C: Electric Field (has units of V/m or N/C)

Option D: Area (has units of length squared, L ) 2

Since α

β
has the dimensions of a length, it logically corresponds to a displacement.

Thus, the correct answer is:

Option A – displacement.

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Question7
A point particle of charge Q is located at P along the axis of an
electric dipole 1 at a distance r as shown in the figure. The point P is
also on the equatorial plane of a second electric dipole 2 at a
distance r. The dipoles are made of opposite charge q separated by a
distance 2a. For the charge particle at P not to experience any net
force, which of the following correctly describes the situation?
JEE Main 2025 (Online) 23rd January Morning Shift
Options:

A. a

r
∼ 0.5

B. a

r
∼ 3

C. a

r
∼ 10

D. a

r
∼ 20

Answer: B

Solution:

kq kq 2kq
= + cos θ
(r − a) 2 (r + a) 2 (r 2 + a 2 )

1 1 2a
= +
2 2 3
(r − a) (r + a)
(r 2 + a 2 ) 2

1 1 2a
− =
2 2 3
(r − a) (r + a) 2 2 2
(r + a )

4ra 2a
=
2 3

(r 2 − a 2 ) (r
2
+ a )
2 2
∣
⇒

⇒ 4r (r

4(1 +
8
4r (1 +
(r

4r

(r 2 − a 2 )

2
2

2
2r

− a )

r
2

2
4

There for it should be bonus.

2

+ a )

2
)

3
2

= (1 −
=

= (r

8
= r (1 −

r
1

(r 2 + a 2 )

(r 2 + a 2 )

3
2
3

− a )

Exact value cannot be solved in exam for this equation to be true

a

r
> 1 ⇒ a > r

But point charge Q lies between charges of dipole

1 hence electric field cannot be zero.

But by solving from mathematical software we are getting a/r ≈ 3.

a

)
2

4
3

2
4

)
4

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Question8
Two charges 7μc and −4μc are placed at (−7 cm, 0, 0) and
(7 cm, 0, 0) respectively. Given, ϵ = 8.85 × 10

A. −2.0 J

B. −1.5 J

C. −1.2 J

D. −1.8 J

Answer: D

Solution:
C N m

electrostatic potential energy of the charge configuration is :

JEE Main 2025 (Online) 23rd January Evening Shift

Options:
, the 0
−12 2 −1 −2
 1 q1 q2
U =
4πϵ 0 r

Here,
−6
q 1 = 7 × 10 C

−6
q 2 = −4 × 10 C

The separation between the charges is along the x-axis from −7 cm to 7 cm, so

r = 0.14 m

The Coulomb constant is approximated as

2
1 9 Nm
≈ 9 × 10 2
4πϵ 0 C

Substitute these values into the equation:

−6 −6
9 (7×10 )(−4×10 )
U = 9 × 10 ×
0.14

Calculate the product of the charges:

−6 −6 −12 2
(7 × 10 )(−4 × 10 ) = −28 × 10 C

Now, divide by the distance:

−12
−28×10 −10 2
= −2 × 10 C /m
0.14

Finally, multiply by the Coulomb constant:

9 −10
U = 9 × 10 × (−2 × 10 ) = −1.8 J

Thus, the electrostatic potential energy of the configuration is:

−1.8 J

This corresponds to Option D.

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Question9
Two point charges −4μc and 4μc, constituting an electric dipole, are
placed at (−9, 0, 0)cm and (9, 0, 0)cm in a uniform electric field of
strength 10 NC . The work done on the dipole in rotating it from
4 −1

the equilibrium through 180 is : ∘

JEE Main 2025 (Online) 23rd January Evening Shift

Options:
A. 18.4 mJ

B. 12.4 mJ

C. 16.4 mJ

D. 14.4 mJ

Answer: D

Solution:
The work done on an electric dipole in a uniform electric field when it is rotated from an angle θ to an angle
1

θ is given by:
2

W = −pE(cos θ 2 − cos θ 1 )

where:

p = q ⋅ d is the dipole moment,

E is the electric field strength,

θ1 and θ are the initial and final angles between the dipole moment and the electric field.
2

Given:

Charge q = 4 μC = 4 × 10 −6
C

Distance d = 18 cm = 0.18 m

Electric field E = 10
4
N/C

Initial angle θ 1 = 0
∘
(aligned with the field, equilibrium position)

Final angle θ 2 = 180

∘

First, calculate the dipole moment p:

−6 −7
p = q ⋅ d = 4 × 10 C ⋅ 0.18 m = 7.2 × 10 Cm

Calculate the work done W :

∘ ∘
W = −pE(cos 180 − cos 0 )

−7 4
W = −7.2 × 10 Cm ⋅ 10 N/C ⋅ (−1 − 1)

−7 4
W = 7.2 × 10 Cm ⋅ 10 N/C ⋅ 2

−2
W = 1.44 × 10 J = 14.4 mJ

Therefore, the work done on the dipole in rotating it from the equilibrium position through 180 is 14.4 mJ
∘

(Option D).

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Question10
Consider a parallel plate capacitor of area A (of each plate) and
separation ' d ' between the plates. If E is the electric field and ε is 0

the permittivity of free space between the plates, then potential

energy stored in the capacitor is

JEE Main 2025 (Online) 24th January Morning Shift

Options:

A. ε 0E
2
Ad

B. 3

4
ε 0 E Ad
2

C. 1

4
ε 0 E Ad
2

D. 1

2
ε 0 E Ad
2

Answer: D

Solution:
1 2
u = ε0 E
2

The energy density of an electric field in free space is given by the expression above. For a parallel plate
capacitor with plate area A and separation d, the volume between the plates is
V = Ad.

Multiplying the energy density by the volume gives the total energy stored:
1 2 1 2
U = u × V = ε0 E × Ad = ε0 E Ad.
2 2

Thus, the potential energy stored in the capacitor is

1 2
ε0 E Ad.
2

This corresponds to the option:

Option D: 1

2
ε0 E
2
Ad.

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Question11
In the first configuration (1) as shown in the figure, four identical
charges (q ) are kept at the corners A, B, C and D of square of side
0

length ' a '. In the second configuration (2), the same charges are
shifted to mid points G, E, H and F , of the square. If K = , the 1

4πϵ 0

difference between the potential energies of configuration (2) and (1)

is given by :

JEE Main 2025 (Online) 24th January Evening Shift

Options:
2
Kq
A. a
0
(4 − 2√ 2)

2
Kq
B. a
0
(4√ 2 − 2)

2
Kq
C. a
0
(3 − √ 2)

2
Kq
D. a
0
(3√ 2 − 2)

Answer: D

Solution:
2 2 2
4Kq 0 2Kq 0 Kq 0
U1 = + = (4 + √ 2)
a √ 2a a

2 2
Kq 0 Kq 0
U2 = (4 + √ 2) = (4√ 2 + 2)
a a
( )
√2

2
Kq 0
U2 − U1 = (3√ 2 − 2)
a

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Question12
A small uncharged conducting sphere is placed in contact with an
identical sphere but having 4 × 10 C charge and then removed to a
−8

distance such that the force of repulsion between them is 9 × 10 N

−3

. The distance between them is (Take 1

4πϵ o
as 9 × 10 in SI units)
9

JEE Main 2025 (Online) 24th January Evening Shift

Options:

A. 1 cm

B. 2 cm

C. 4 cm

D. 3 cm

Answer: B

Solution:
 θ θ
k( )( )
2 2
F =
2
r
9 −8 −8
9 × 10 × (4 × 10 ) × 4 × 10
−3
9 × 10 =
2
4 × r
9 −16
2
9 × 10 × 16 × 10 −4
r = = 4 × 10
−3
4 × 9 × 10
−2
r = 2 × 10 m ⇒ 2 cm

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Question13
A particle of mass ' m ' and charge ' q ' is fastened to one end ' A ' of
a massless string having equilibrium length l, whose other end is
fixed at point ' O '. The whole system is placed on a frictionless
horizontal plane and is initially at rest. If uniform electric field is
switched on along the direction as shown in figure, then the speed of
the particle when it crosses the x-axis is

JEE Main 2025 (Online) 28th January Morning Shift

Options:

A. √
qEl

2 m

B. √
qEl

4 m

C. √ qEl

D. √ 2qEl

m
Answer: C

Solution:

In ΔOM A, OM

OA
= cos 60
∘
=
1

⇒ OM =
l

2
(as OA = l)
l l
M N = ON − OM = l − =
2 2

Using work − energy theorem,

W all = Δk

⇒ Wc = kf − ki

⇒ qE
l

2
=
1

2
mv
2
− o (As v i = o and w = F S )

2 qEl
⇒ v =
m

qEl
⇒ v = √
m

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Question14
Three infinitely long wires with linear charge density λ are placed
along the x − axis, y − axis and z− axis respectively. Which of the
following denotes an equipotential surface?

JEE Main 2025 (Online) 28th January Morning Shift

Options:

A. (x 2
+ y ) (y
2 2 2
+ z ) (z
2 2
+ x ) = constant
 B. xyz = constant

C. xy + yz + zx = constant

D. (x + y)(y + z)(z + x) = constant

Answer: A

Solution:
Electric field due to infinitely long wire
→
2kλ
E = − r̂
r

−
→ →
We know, V = − ∫ E . dr

−
→
−2kλ
= −∫ r̂ . dr
r

2kλ
v = ∫ dr = 2kλ ln r + c
r

Net potential due to all wires,

V = v1 + v2 + v3

2 2 2 2 2 2
= 2kλ ln (√ x + y ) + 2kλ ln (√ y + z ) + 2kλ ln (√ z + x ) + c

for equipotential surface, v = c

2 2 2 2 2 2
⇒ 2kλ [ln (√ x + y . √ y + z . √ z + x )] = c

⇒ √ (x 2 + y 2 ) . (y 2 + z 2 ) . (z 2 + x 2 ) = c

2 2 2 2 2 2
⇒ (x + y )(y + z )(z + x ) = c

where, c = constant.
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Question15
Match List - I with List - II.

List - I List - II
(A) Electric field inside (distance r > 0 from center) of a uniformly charged spherical shell with (I) σ/ε0
surface charge density σ, and radius R.
(B) Electric field at distance r>0 from a uniformly charged infinite plane sheet with surface charge (II)
density σ. σ/2ε0
(C) Electric field outside (distance r>0 from center) of a uniformly charged spherical shell with
(III) 0
surface charge density σ, and radius R.
(D) Electric field between 2 oppositely charged infinite plane parallel sheets with uniform surface (IV)
σ
charge density σ. ϵ0 r
2

Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

JEE Main 2025 (Online) 29th January Morning Shift

Options:

A.
(A)-(IV), (B)-(I), (C)-(III), (D)-(II)

B.
(A)-(II), (B)-(I), (C)-(IV), (D)-(III)

C.
(A)-(III), (B)-(II), (C)-(IV), (D)-(I)

D.
(A)-(IV), (B)-(II), (C)-(III), (D)-(I)

Answer: C

Solution:
(A) → 0 (III)
(B) → σ

2ε 0

(C) → (No row matching)

2
σR
2
ε0 r

σ
(D) → (I)
ε0

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Question16
An electric dipole of mass m, charge q, and length l is placed in a
→ = E ^i. When the dipole is rotated slightly
uniform electric field E 0

from its equilibrium position and released, the time period of its
oscillations will be :

JEE Main 2025 (Online) 29th January Morning Shift

Options:

A.
1 ml
√
2π 2qE 0

B.
ml
2π√
2qE 0

C.
ml
2π√
qE 0

D.

1 2 ml
√
2π qE 0

Answer: B

Solution:
Iω2θ = qℓE 0 θ

2
ℓ 2
2 m( ) ω = qℓE 0
2

2qE 0
2
ω =
mℓ

mℓ
T = 2π√
2qE 0

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Question17
An electric dipole is placed at a distance of 2 cm from an infinite
plane sheet having positive charge density σ . Choose the correct o

option from the following.

JEE Main 2025 (Online) 29th January Evening Shift
Options:

A.
Torque on dipole is zero and net force is directed away from the sheet.

B.
Potential energy of dipole is minimum and torque is zero.

C.
Potential energy and torque both are maximum.

D.
Torque on dipole is zero and net force acts towards the sheet.

Answer: B

Solution:

We know, electric field due to uniformly charged infinite plane sheet,

σ0
E =
2ε 0

perpendicularly directed away from the sheet for positive charge

→
So, E =
σ0

2ε 0
↑ θ

note : E is constant

Let length of dipole = d

 →
so dipole moment, p = qd ↑

We know,

→ → →
Torque, τ = p × E

→ σ0
τ = qdî × î
2ε 0

τ̂ = O (as î × î = 0)

−
→
force, on charge −q, F 1 = −qE î

−
→
on charge +q, F 2 = qE î

−
−
→ → →
So net force on dipole, F = F1 + F2

= −qE î + qE î

→
F = O

We know, potential energy of dipole

u(O) = −pE cos θ

here, O = 0 (given)
∘

So, u min = −pE

Hence, option B is correct.

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Question18
A point charge causes an electric flux of −2 × 10 Nm C to pass 4 2 −1

through a spherical Gaussian surface of 8.0 cm radius, centred on

the charge. The value of the point charge is :

(Given ϵ )
−12 2 −1 −2
0 = 8.85 × 10 C N m

JEE Main 2025 (Online) 29th January Evening Shift

Options:

A. 17.7 × 10 −8
C
B. −17.7 × 10 −8
C

C. 15.7 × 10 −8
C

D. −15.7 × 10 −8
C

Answer: B

Solution:

Given an electric flux ϕ = −2 × 10 Nm C through a spherical Gaussian surface with a radius of 8.0 cm
4 2 −1

(r = 0.08 m), we are to find the value of the point charge Q. According to Gauss's Law:
Q
ϕ =
ε0

Where ε 0 = 8.85 × 10
−12
C N
2 −1
m .
−2

Rearranging the equation to solve for Q, we have:

Q = ϕε 0

Substituting the given values:

4 −12
Q = −2 × 10 × 8.85 × 10

Calculating this yields:

Q = −17.7 × 10
−8
C

Thus, the value of the point charge is Q = −17.7 × 10 −8

C.

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Question19
A small bob of mass 100 mg and charge +10μC is connected to an
insulating string of length 1 m . It is brought near to an infinitely
long non-conducting sheet of charge density ' σ ' as shown in figure.
If string subtends an angle of 45 with the sheet at equilibrium the ∘

charge density of sheet will be.

(Given, ϵ 0 = 8.85 × 10
−12 F

m
and acceleration due to gravity,
g = 10
m
2
)
s
JEE Main 2025 (Online) 2nd April Morning Shift
Options:

A. 1.77 nC/m 2

B. 0.885 nC/m 2

C. 885 nC/m 2

D. 17.7 nC/m 2

Answer: A

Solution:
qE = mg

σ
q[ ] = mg
2ε 0

2ε 0 mg
σ =
q
−12 −6
2 × 8.85 × 10 × 100 × 10 × 10
σ =
−6
10 × 10
−10 2
σ = 17.7 × 10 C/m

2
σ = 1.77nC/m

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Question20
A point charge +q is placed at the origin. A second point charge +9q
is placed at (d, 0, 0) in Cartesian coordinate system. The point in
between them where the electric field vanishes is:

JEE Main 2025 (Online) 2nd April Morning Shift

Options:

A. (3d/4, 0, 0)

B. (d/4, 0, 0)

C. (4d/3, 0, 0)
D. (d/3, 0, 0)

Answer: B

Solution:

Let E p = 0

kq k9q
∴ =
2
x (d − x) 2

d − x d
⇒ = 3 ⇒ x =
x 4

∴ co-ordinate of P is ( d

4
, 0, 0)

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Question21
Consider two infinitely large plane parallel conducting plates as
shown below. The plates are uniformly charged with a surface
charge density +σ and −2σ. The force experienced by a point
charge +q placed at the mid point between two plates will be:
JEE Main 2025 (Online) 2nd April Morning Shift
Options:

A.
3σq

4ϵ 0

B. 3σq

2ϵ 0

C.
σq

4ϵ 0

D.
σq

2ϵ 0

Answer: B

Solution:

Final charge distribution will be

3σ
∴ F net = q
2ϵ 0

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Question22
Consider a circular loop that is uniformly charged and has a radius
a√ 2. Find the position along the positive z-axis of the cartesian

coordinate system where the electric field is maximum if the ring

was assumed to be placed in xy plane at the origin :

JEE Main 2025 (Online) 2nd April Evening Shift

Options:

A. a

B. a/2

C. 0

D.

a/√ 2

Answer: A

Solution:
To determine the position along the positive z-axis where the electric field due to a uniformly charged
circular loop is at its maximum, we follow these steps:

Expression for Electric Field (E):

The electric field E at a point along the z-axis for a charged circular loop can be expressed as:
KQr
E = 2 2 3/2
(x +R )

Here, K is the Coulomb's constant, Q is the total charge, r is a constant involving charge distribution, x is the
distance along the z-axis, and R is the radius of the loop.

Maximizing the Electric Field:

To find where E is maximum, we take the derivative of E with respect to x and set it to zero:
dE
= 0
dx

Solve for x:

Solving the equation from the derivative, we find:

R
x =
√2

Substitute Given Radius:

Given the radius R = a√2, substituting into the expression for x:
√ 2a
x = = a
√2

Thus, the position along the positive z-axis where the electric field is maximum is at x = a.

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Question23
Two large plane parallel conducting plates are kept 10 cm apart as
shown in figure. The potential difference between them is V . The
potential difference between the points A and B (shown in the
figure) is :

JEE Main 2025 (Online) 2nd April Evening Shift

Options:

A. 1 V

B. 1

4
V

C. 3

4
V

D. 2

5
V

Answer: D

Solution:
Using ΔV = E(Δd)

V = E(10)

V 2V
V AB = E ⋅ 4 = × 4 =
10 5

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Question24
Given below are two statements : one is labelled as Assertion (A)
and the other is labelled as Reason (R).

Assertion (A) : Net dipole moment of a polar linear isotropic

dielectric substance is not zero even in the absence of an external
electric field.

Reason (R) : In absence of an external electric field, the different

permanent dipoles of a polar dielectric substance are oriented in
random directions.

In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate

answer from the options given below :
JEE Main 2025 (Online) 2nd April Evening Shift
Options:

A. Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A) 2.

B. Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)

C. (A) is not correct but (R) is correct

D. (A) is correct but (R) is not correct

Answer: C

Solution:
Assertion (A): The net dipole moment of a polar linear isotropic dielectric substance is not zero, even when
there is no external electric field.

Reason (R): In the absence of an external electric field, the different permanent dipoles in a polar dielectric
substance are oriented in random directions.

Explanation:

Assertion (A): The statement is incorrect. In a polar linear isotropic dielectric substance, the net dipole
moment is zero when an external electric field is absent. This is because the dipoles within the material are
randomly oriented and cancel each other out.

Reason (R): The statement is correct. In the absence of an external electric field, the dipoles in a polar
dielectric substance remain inherently polarized but are oriented randomly. This randomness in orientation
leads to a cancellation of the net dipole moment.

Therefore, while the reason is correct, it does not support the validity of the assertion as stated.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question25
The electrostatic potential on the surface of uniformly charged
spherical shell of radius R = 10 cm is 120 V . The potential at the
centre of shell, at a distance r = 5 cm from centre, and at a distance
r = 15 cm from the centre of the shell respectively, are:

JEE Main 2025 (Online) 3rd April Morning Shift

Options:
A. 0 V, 120 V, 40 V

B. 120 V, 120 V, 80 V

C. 40 V, 40 V, 80 V

D. 0 V, 0 V, 80 V

Answer: B

Solution:
The potential inside a uniformly charged spherical shell is equal to the potential on its surface. This means:

V
kQ
V in = V surface = = 120
R

This maintains the potential at both the center of the shell and any point inside it up to the surface. Therefore,
the potential at the center of the shell and at any point inside the shell (like at a distance r = 5 cm) is also
120 V .

For a point outside the shell, at a distance r = 15 cm, the potential is given by the formula:

V
kQ 120×10
V = = = 80
r 15

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question26
Two small spherical balls of mass 10 g each with charges −2μC and
2μC, are attached to two ends of very light rigid rod of length 20 cm

. The arrangement is now placed near an infinite nonconducting

charge sheet with uniform charge density of 100μC/m such that 2

length of rod makes an angle of 30 with electric field generated by

∘

charge sheet. Net torque acting on the rod is:(Take

C /Nm )
−12 2 2
ε : 8.85 × 10
o

JEE Main 2025 (Online) 4th April Morning Shift

Options:

A. 1.12 Nm

B. 2.24 Nm
C. 11.2 Nm

D. 112 Nm

Answer: A

Solution:

σ
E =
2ε 0

τ = PE sin θ
−6
2 100 × 10 1
−6
= [(2 × 10 )( )] [ ]( )
−12
10 2 × 8.85 × 10 2

10
= = 1.12Nm
8.85

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question27
Two infinite identical charged sheets and a charged spherical body
of charge density ' ρ ' are arranged as shown in figure. Then the
correct relation between the electrical fields at A, B, C and D points
is:
JEE Main 2025 (Online) 4th April Morning Shift
Options:

→
A. E A =
→ →
EB ; EC > ED
→

→
B. E A
→ →
= EB ; EC = ED
→

→
C. E C
→ →
≠ ED ; EA > EB →

→
D. E A
→ →
> EB ; EC = ED
→

Answer: C

Solution:

In this scenario, two infinite identical charged sheets and a charged spherical body with charge density ' ρ '
are positioned as shown in the figure. We aim to determine the relationship between the electrical fields at
points A, B, C, and D.

When considering the electric fields:

Electric Field Due to Charged Sheets:

The infinite charged sheets produce a uniform electric field. The electric field due to a single infinite sheet of
charge is constant on either side of the sheet and is directed perpendicularly away from the sheet.

Electric Field Due to a Spherical Charge:

Outside the charged sphere, the electric field behaves as if the entire charge were concentrated at the center of
the sphere. The electric field decreases with the square of the distance from the center, following the inverse
square law.

Given these principles:

At Points C and D: These are located in different regions regarding the charged sheets and spherical body.
Due to the inverse square nature of the electric field from the spherical charge and the uniform field of the
→ ≠E
sheets, the field strength will vary, resulting in E
C
→ .
D
At Points A and B: Both points are influenced by the uniform field of the charged sheets. However, if the
distance or position concerning the sphere also affects these points, this could lead to differences in field
→ >E
strength, thus E A
→ . B

This analysis leads us to conclude that the electric field relations are E C
≠ ED and E A
> EB .

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question28
A metallic ring is uniformly charged as shown in figure. AC and BD
are two mutually perpendicular diameters. Electric field due to arc
AB at ' O ' is ' E ' in magnitude. What would be the magnitude of

electric field at ' O ' due to arc ABC ?

JEE Main 2025 (Online) 4th April Evening Shift

Options:

A. 2E

B. Zero

C. E/2
D. √2E

Answer: D

Solution:

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question29
Two charges q and q are separated by a distance of 30 cm . A third
1 2

charge q initially at ' C ' as shown in the figure, is moved along the
3

circular path of radius 40 cm from C to D . If the difference in

potential energy due to movement of q from C to D is given by , 3
q3 K

4πϵ 0

the value of K is :
JEE Main 2025 (Online) 7th April Morning Shift
Options:

A. 6q 2

B. 6q 1

C. 8q 1

D. 8q 2

Answer: D

Solution:
To determine the value of K for the given electrical potential scenario, we start by calculating the potential at
points C and D.

Potential at Point C:

The potential at point C, V , is given by the sum of the potentials due to charges q and q :
C 1 2

kq 1 kq 2
VC = +
0.4 0.5

Potential at Point D:

Similarly, the potential at point D, V , is: D

kq 1 kq 2
VD = +
0.4 0.1

Change in Potential Energy:

The change in potential energy ΔU when q moves from C to D is: 3

ΔU = (V D − V C ) × q 3

Substituting the expressions for V and V , we get: D C

kq 2 kq 2
ΔU = ( − ) × q3
0.1 0.5

Simplifying the Expression:

By simplifying the expression, we find:

5kq 2 kq 2
ΔU = ( ) × q3 − ( ) × q3
0.5 0.5

4kq 2
ΔU = × q 3 = 8kq 2 q 3
0.5

8q 2 q 3
ΔU =
4πε 0
Thus, the value of K is 8q . 2

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question30
If ϵ denotes the permittivity of free space and Φ is the flux of the
0 E

electric field through the area bounded by the closed surface, then
dimensions of (ϵ ) are that of :
dϕ E
0
dt

JEE Main 2025 (Online) 7th April Morning Shift

Options:

A. electric charge

B. electric field

C. electric current

D. electric potential

Answer: C

Solution:
We can use Gauss’s law to analyze the dimensions. Gauss’s law states that
q
ΦE = ,
ϵ0

where

ΦE is the electric flux,

q is the electric charge,

ϵ0 is the permittivity of free space.

To find the dimensions of ϵ 0

dΦ E

dt
, follow these steps:

Differentiate Gauss’s law with respect to time:

dΦ E 1 dq
= .
dt ϵ0 dt

Multiply the equation by ϵ : 0

 dΦ E dq
ϵ0 = .
dt dt

Recognize that the time rate of change of charge, dq

dt
, is by definition the electric current.

Thus, the dimensions of ϵ 0

dΦ E

dt
are those of electric current.

The correct answer is: Option C, electric current.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question31
Given below are two statements : one is labelled as Assertion (A)
and the other is labelled as Reason (R).

Assertion (A) : The outer body of an aircraft is made of metal which

protects persons sitting inside from lightning strikes.

Reason (R) : The electric field inside the cavity enclosed by a

conductor is zero.

In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate

answer from the options given below :

JEE Main 2025 (Online) 7th April Evening Shift

Options:

A.
Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)

B.
(A) is correct but (R) is not correct

C.
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)

D.
(A) is not correct but (R) is correct
Answer: C

Solution:

The assertion suggests that the outer body of an aircraft is made of metal to protect passengers from lightning
strikes. The reason provided is that the electric field inside a cavity enclosed by a conductor is zero.

This reasoning is based on the property of metallic conductors, where the electric field within a conductor's
cavity is indeed zero. This phenomenon occurs because the charges on a conductor redistribute themselves to
cancel any external electric fields within the conductor. Thus, if lightning were to strike an aircraft, the metal
body would direct the electric charges along its surface, effectively shielding the interior where passengers
are located.

Therefore, the assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason correctly explains why the metal body
of an aircraft shields passengers from lightning. This aligns with the principles of electromagnetic shielding.
The key point is that the conductive nature of the aircraft’s metal body ensures no electric field permeates the
interior, keeping passengers safe.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question32
A dipole with two electric charges of 2 µC magnitude each, with
separation distance 0.5 µm, is placed between the plates of a
capacitor such that its axis is parallel to an electric field established
between the plates when a potential difference of 5 V is applied.
Separation between the plates is 0.5 mm. If the dipole is rotated by
30° from the axis, it tends to realign in the direction due to a torque.
The value of torque is:

JEE Main 2025 (Online) 7th April Evening Shift

Options:

A.

2.5×10−9 Nm

B.

2.5×10−12 Nm

C.

5×10−3 Nm
D.

5×10−9 Nm

Answer: D

Solution:
Given:

Potential difference V = 5 V

Separation between the plates d = 0.5 mm = 0.5 × 10 −3

m

The electric field E is calculated as:

E =
V

d
=
0.5×10
5
−3 = 10
4
V/m

The torque τ experienced by the dipole in the electric field is given by:
τ = P E sin θ

Where:

P is the dipole moment,

E is the electric field,

θ = 30
∘
is the angle of rotation.

The dipole moment P is calculated by:

P = q × a = (2 × 10
−6
C) × (0.5 × 10 −6
m) = 1 × 10 −12
C⋅m

Substituting the values into the torque equation:

τ = (1 × 10
−12
C ⋅ m) × 10 V/m × sin 30
4 ∘

Since sin 30 ∘
= 0.5 , the torque simplifies to:

τ = 1 × 10
−12
× 10
4
× 0.5 = 5 × 10
−9
N⋅m

Thus, the torque is 5 × 10 −9

N ⋅ m.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question33
An infinitely long wire has uniform linear charge density
λ = 2 nC/m . The net flux through a Gaussian cube of side length √ 3

cm, if the wire passes through any two corners of the cube, that are
maximally displaced from each other, would be x Nm C , where x 2 −1

is:
[Neglect any edge effects and use 1

4πϵ 0
= 9 × 10
9
SI units]

JEE Main 2025 (Online) 8th April Evening Shift

Options:

A.
6.48π

B.
0.72π

C.
1.44π

D.
2.16π

Answer: D

Solution:

To find the net flux through a Gaussian cube when an infinitely long wire with a uniform linear charge
density λ = 2 nC/m passes through the cube's diagonal corners, we use Gauss's Law. The relevant
expression is:
q enc
ϕ =
ε0

Here, q enc is the charge enclosed by the Gaussian surface, and ε is the permittivity of free space.
0

Given:
The wire passes through two opposite corners of the cube.

The side length of the cube, a = √3 cm = √ 3 × 10

−2
m.
The length of the wire inside the cube is equal to its diagonal, which is √3 × a.

Thus, the charge enclosed q enc is:

q enc = λ × (length of wire inside the cube) = λ × √3 × a

Substitute the given values:

λ = 2 × 10
−9
C/m, a = √ 3 × 10
−2
m

Calculating:
−9 −2
q enc = 2 × 10 × √ 3 × √ 3 × 10

Now apply Gauss's Law for net flux:

λ⋅√ 3⋅a
ϕ =
ε0

Substitute ε 0 =
1

4π×9×10
9 :

−9 −2 9
ϕ = 2 × 10 × √ 3 × √ 3 × 10 × 36π × 10

ϕ = 2.16π Nm C 2 −1

Thus, the net flux through the Gaussian cube is 2.16π Nm C .

2 −1

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question34
Electric charge is transferred to an irregular metallic disk as shown
in the figure. If σ , σ , σ and σ are charge densities at given points
1 2 3 4

then, choose the correct answer from the options given below:
A. σ 1 > σ3 ; σ2 = σ4

B. σ 1 > σ2 ; σ3 > σ4

C. σ 1 > σ3 > σ2 = σ4

D. σ 1 < σ3 < σ2 = σ4

E. σ 1 = σ2 = σ3 = σ4

JEE Main 2025 (Online) 8th April Evening Shift

Options:

A. B and C Only

B. A and C Only

C. D and E Only

D. A, B and C Only

Answer: D

Solution:

Therefore, the relationship between charge density and ROC at different points can be expressed as:
1
σ ∝
ROC

From this, the relationship between the charge densities at the specified points becomes clear:

(ROC) 1 < (ROC) 3 < (ROC) 2 = (ROC) 4

This implies:
σ1 > σ3 > σ2 = σ4

Thus, the charge density is greatest at the point with the smallest ROC and decreases as the ROC increases,
keeping in mind that σ and σ have equal ROC, hence equal charge densities.
2 4

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Question35
Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion A and
the other is labelled as Reason R

Assertion A : Work done in moving a test charge between two points

inside a uniformly charged spherical shell is zero, no matter which
path is chosen.

Reason R : Electrostatic potential inside a uniformly charged

spherical shell is constant and is same as that on the surface of the
shell.

In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from
the options given below.

JEE Main 2025 (Online) 8th April Evening Shift

Options:

A.
A is true but R is false

B.
Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

C.
Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A

D.
A is false but R is true

Answer: B

Solution:
Assertion A:

For a uniformly charged spherical shell, Gauss's law tells us that the electric field inside the shell is zero.

→ is zero everywhere inside, the potential V must be constant.

Since the electric field E

Work done in moving a charge from one point to another in an electric field is given by the difference in
potential energy, which is q(V − V ).B A

If the potential difference V B

− VA is zero (because the potential is constant), then the work done is zero,
regardless of the path taken.

Therefore, Assertion A is true.

Reason R:

It states that the electrostatic potential inside a uniformly charged spherical shell is constant and equal to that
on its surface.

This is correct because the electric field inside is zero, ensuring that the potential remains uniform inside.

Thus, Reason R is also true.

Relationship between A and R:

The work done on a test charge moving inside the shell being zero is a direct consequence of the fact that the
potential is constant inside.

Hence, Reason R correctly explains why the work done (Assertion A) is zero.

Given this analysis, the correct answer is:

Option B

"Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A."

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question36

Two metal spheres of radius R and 3R have same surface charge

density σ. If they are brought in contact and then separated, the
surface charge density on smaller and bigger sphere becomes σ1 and
σ2, respectively. The ratio is σ1

σ2
JEE Main 2025 (Online) 8th April Evening Shift
Options:

A.
1

B.
1

C.
9

D.
3

Answer: D

Solution:
When two conducting spheres are in contact, they achieve the same electric potential. Consider two metal
spheres with radii R and 3R that have the same surface charge density σ.

For a conductive sphere, the potential V of a sphere can be expressed as V =

σr

ε0
, where r is the radius of the
sphere and ε is the permittivity of free space.
0

When the two spheres are brought into contact and then separated, they equalize their potentials:
V1 = V2

Thus, the equations become:

σ1 r1 = σ2 r2

Substituting for the radii:

σ 1 R = σ 2 (3R)

From this, we can solve for the ratio of the surface charge densities:
σ1 3R
= = 3
σ2 R

Therefore, the ratio of the surface charge densities on the smaller sphere to the larger sphere after contact is 3.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Question37
An electric charge 10−6µC is placed at origin (0,0) m of X − Y co-
ordinate system. Two points P and Q are situated at (√3, √3)m and
(√6, 0)m respectively. The potential difference between the points P
and Q will be :

[27-Jan-2024 Shift 1]
Options:

A.
√3V

B.
√6V

C.
0V

D.
3V

Answer: C

Solution:
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question38
A thin metallic wire having cross sectional area of 10−4m2 is used to
make a ring of radius 30cm. A positive charge of 2πC is uniformly
distributed over the ring, while another positive charge of 30 pC is
kept at the centre of the ring. The tension in the ring is ____N ;
provided that the ring does not get deformed (neglect the influence

of gravity). (given, = 9 × 109 SI units)

[27-Jan-2024 Shift 1]
Answer: 3

Solution:
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question39
Given below are two statements : one is labelled a

Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason(R)

Assertion (A) : Work done by electric field on moving a positive
charge on an equipotential surface is always zero.
Reason (R) : Electric lines of forces are always perpendicular to
equipotential surfaces.

In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate

answer from the options given below :

[27-Jan-2024 Shift 2]
Options:

A.
Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)

B.
(A) is correct but (R) is not correct
C.
(A) is not correct but (R) is correct

D.
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)

Answer: D

Solution:
Electric line of force are always perpendicular to equipotential surface so angle between farce and
displacement will always be 90∘. So work done equal to 0.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question40

The electric potential at the surface of an atomic nucleus (z = 50) of

radius 9 × 10−13cm is ____ × 106V

[27-Jan-2024 Shift 2]

Answer: 8

Solution:
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question41
Two charges of −4µC and +4µC are placed at the points A(1, 0, 4)m
and B(2, −1, 5)m located in an electric field The
magnitude of the torque acting on the dipole is 8√α × 10−5 Nm,
Where α = ____

[27-Jan-2024 Shift 2]

Answer: 2

Solution:

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Question42
Two charges of 5Q and −2Q are situated at the points (3a,0) and
(−5a, 0) respectively. The electric flux through a sphere of radius ' 4a
' having center at origin is :

[29-Jan-2024 Shift 1]
Options:

A.

B.

C.

D.

Answer: B

Solution:
5Q charge is inside the spherical region flux through sphere = 5Q/ε0

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question43
Match List I with List II

Choose the correct answer from the options given below

[29-Jan-2024 Shift 1]
Options:

A.
A-IV, B-I, C-III, D-II
B.
A-II, B-III, C-I, D-IV

C.
A-IV, B-III, C-I, D-II

D.
A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV

Answer: C

Solution:

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question44
An electron is moving under the influence of the electric field of a
uniformly charged infinite plane sheet S having surface charge
density +σ. The electron at t = 0 is at a distance of 1m from S and
has a speed of 1m∕ s. The maximum value of σ if the electron strikes

S at t = 1 s is the value of α is___

[29-Jan-2024 Shift 1]

Answer: 8
Solution:

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question45
An electric field is given by The electric flux through
a surface area lying in YZ-plane (in SI unit) is :

[29-Jan-2024 Shift 2]
Options:

A.
90

B.
150

C.
180

D.
60
Answer: C

Solution:

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question46
The electrostatic potential due to an electric dipole at a distance ' r '
varies as :

[30-Jan-2024 Shift 1]
Options:

A.
r

B.

1/r2

C.

1/r3

D.
1/r

Answer: B

Solution:
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question47
A particle of charge ' −q' and mass ' m ' moves in a circle of radius '
r ' around an infinitely long line charge of linear density ' +λ '. Then
time period will be given as:

(Consider k as Coulomb's constant)

[30-Jan-2024 Shift 2]
Options:

A.

B.

C.

D.

Answer: B
Solution:

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question48
Two identical charged spheres are suspended by string of equal
lengths. The string make an angle of 37∘ with each other. When
suspended in a liquid of density 0.7g∕cm3, the angle remains same. If
density of material of the sphere is 1.4g∕cm3, the dielectric constant
of the liquid is ______ (tan 37∘ = 3/4).

[30-Jan-2024 Shift 2]

Answer: 2

Solution:
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question49
Two charges q and 3q are separated by a distance ' r ' in air. At a
distance x from charge q, the resultant electric field is zero. The
value of x is :

[31-Jan-2024 Shift 1]
Options:

A.
B.

C.

D.

Answer: C

Solution:

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question50
Force between two point charges q1 and q2 placed in vacuum at ' r '
cm apart is F. Force between them when placed in a medium having
dielectric K = 5 at ' r∕5 ' cm apart will be:

[31-Jan-2024 Shift 2]
Options:

A.
F∕25

B.
5F

C.
F∕5

D.
25F

Answer: B

Solution:

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question51
The distance between charges +q and −q is 2l and between +2q and
−2q is 4l. The electrostatic potential at point P at a distance r from
centre O is where the value of α is (Use 1/4πε0 = 9 ×
109NM2C-2)
[31-Jan-2024 Shift 2]

Answer: 27

Solution:

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question52
Two identical charged spheres are suspended by strings of equal
lengths. The strings make an angle θ with each other. When
suspended in water the angle remains the same. If density of the
material of the sphere is 1.5g∕cc, the dielectric constant of water will
be _________(Take density of water = 1g∕cc)

[1-Feb-2024 Shift 1]

Answer: 3

Solution:

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question53
C1 and C2 are two hollow concentric cubes enclosing charges 2Q
and 3Q respectively as shown in figure. The ratio of electric flux
passing through C1 and C2 is :
[1-Feb-2024 Shift 2]
Options:

A.
2:5

B.
5:2

C.
2:3

D.
3:2

Answer: A

Solution:

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question54
Suppose a uniformly charged wall provides a uniform electric field
of 2 × 104N∕C normally. A charged particle of mass 2g being
suspended through a silk thread of length 20cm and remain stayed
at a distance of 10cm from the wall. Then the charge on the particle

will be where x =....[. use g = 10m∕ s2]

[1-Feb-2024 Shift 2]

Answer: 3

Solution:

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Question55
Two small spheres each of mass 10mg are suspended from a point by
threads 0.5m long. They are equally charged and repel each other to
−8
a distance of 0.20m. The charge on each of the sphere is 21a × 10 C.
The value of a will be ............. .
[Given, g = 10ms−2 ]
[25 Feb 2021 Shift 2]

Answer: 630

Solution:
Solution:
Given, mass of each spheres, m = 10mg = 10 × 10−3g
Length of thread (l ) = 0.5m
Separation between charges, d = 0.2m
a × 10−8
Charge of each sphere, q = C
21
Acceleration due to gravity (g) = 10ms−2
The situation can be shown as below,

Taking component of tension (T)

T cos θ = mg . . . (i)
k ∣ q2
T sin θ = qE = . . . (ii)
d2
sin θ = d ∕ 2 = 0.1 = 1
l 0.5 5
√
cos θ = √ 1 − sin2θ = √1 − 1 ∕ 25 = 24
5
 kq2
∴ tan θ = sin θ = 2 [using Eqs. (i) and (ii)]
cos θ d mg

⇒ 1 ∕ 5 = kq2
√24 ∕ 5 d 2mg
1 = 9 × 109 × q2
⇒
√24 (0.2)2 × 10 × 10−3 × 10

√
−1
(0.2)2 × 10
⇒ q= 9
⇒ q = 3 × 10−7C
√24 × 9 × 10
a × 10−8 = × 10−8
⇒ 30
21
a = 630

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question56
Two identical conducting spheres with negligible volume have 2.1nC
and −0.1nC charges, respectively. They are brought into contact and
then separated by a distance of 0.5m. The electrostatic force acting
between the spheres is ____ ×10−9N .
[Given, 4πε0 = 1 9 SI unit]
9 × 10
[25 Feb 2021 Shift 2]

Answer: 36

Solution:
Solution:
According to Coulomb's law, the force of attraction or repulsion is directly proportional to the
product of distance between them and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between
them.
qq
F = K 12 2
r
Here we have, q1 is the charge of the first mass, q2 is the charge of the second mass, r is the
distance and K is the proportionally constant.
Given: Charge of first sphere q1 = 2.1 nc
and Charge of second sphere q2 = −0.1 NC
q2 − q1
when they connect with each other the charge becomes, q =
2
⇒q = 2.1 − 0.1
2
⇒q = 1 nC
σ

According to Coulomb's law, we have;

q1q2
F= 1
4πE o r2
Now, on putting the given values we have;
−9 −9
1 1
F = 9 × 109 × × 10 × 2 × 10
0.5
−18
10
F = 9 × 109 ×
0.25
−9
⇒F = 36 × 10 N
Hence, F = 36 × 10−9N

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question57
Two electrons each are fixed at a distance 2d . A third charge proton
placed at the mid-point is displaced slightly by a distance x(x< < d )
perpendicular to the line joining the two fixed charges. Proton will
execute simple harmonic motion having angular frequency? ( m =
mass of charged particle)
[24 Feb 2021 Shift 2]
Options:

( )
2 2
2q
A.
πε0md 3

( )
3
πε0md 2
B.
2q2

( )
2 2
q
C.
2πε0md 3

( )
3 2
2πε0md
D.
q2

Answer: C

Solution:
Solution:
The arrangement of charges is shown below

As we know that,
Coulomb's force between two charges. i.e. q1 and q2,
q1q2 q1q2
F = 1 = 1 . . . (i)
4πε0 r2 4πε0 (d 2 + x2)
Here, q1 = q2 = q
Force in SH M , F = mω2x ...(ii)
Since, in order to have SH M + q should move downwards and force responsible for this will be only
F ′ = F sin θ + F sin θ = 2F sin θ. . . (iii)
Using Eqs. (ii) and (iii), we get
2F sin θ = mω2x
⇒ 2 q2 sin θ = mω2x
4πε0 (d + x )
2 2

⇒ 2 q2 ⋅ x = mω2x
4πε0 (d 2 + x2) (d 2 + x2)1 ∕ 2

( )
1∕2
⇒ ω= 1 q2
2πε0 (d 2 + x2)3 ∕ 2m
As, x< < d

( )
1∕2
∴ ω= 1 q2
2πε0 md 3

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question58
An inclined plane making an angle of 30∘ with the horizontal is
placed in a uniform horizontal electric field 200N ∕ C as shown in
the figure. A body of mass 1kg and charge 5mC is allowed to slide
down from rest at a height of 1m. If the coefficient of friction is 0.2,
find the time taken by the body to reach the bottom.
[ Take, g = 9.8m ∕ s2, sin 30∘ = 12 , cos 30∘ =
√3
2 ]

[26 Feb 2021 Shift 2]

Options:

A. 0.92 s

B. 0.46 s

C. 2.3 s

D. 1.3 s

Answer: D

Solution:

Solution:
Given, mass of block, m = 1kg
Acceleration due to gravity, g = 9.8ms−2
Inclination, θ = 30∘
Electric field, E = 200N ∕ C
Coefficient of friction, µ = 0.2
Charge, q = 5mC = 5 × 10−3C
Let friction force, f = µN
where, N be the normal reaction.
Since, net force is zero along the perpendicular direction of incline.

Therefore, force along Y -axis will be zero.

⇒ N = mg cos 30∘ + qE sin 30∘
⇒ N = 1 × 9.8 × √3 ∕ 2 + 5 × 10−3 × 200 × 1 ∕ 2
= 8.49 + 0.5
= 8.99N ∼ eq9N
∴ f = µN = 2 × 9 = 18 = 1.8N
10 10
Now, total force along the plane of incline,
mg sin 30∘ − f − qE cos 30∘ = ma
⇒ 1 × 9.8 × 1 ∕ 2 − 1.8 − 5 × 10− 3 × 200√3 ∕ 2 = a
⇒ 5 − 1.8 − 1.732 ∕ 2 = a
⇒ a = 2.34ms−2
Since, initial velocity of body, u = 0ms−1 and distance along incline, s = h ∕ sin 30∘ = 1 ∕ sin 30∘ = 2
By using second equation of motion,
s = ut + 1 ∕ 2at2
⇒ 2 = 0 + 1 ∕ 2 × 2.34 × t2
4
⇒ t2 =
2.34
⇒ t= 2
√2.34

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question59
Find the electric field at point P (as shown in figure) on the
perpendicular bisector of a uniformly charged thin wire of length L
carrying a charge Q. The distance of the point P from the centre of
the rod is
√
a = 23 L

[26 Feb 2021 Shift 1]

Options:

A. √3 Q 2
4πε0L
B. Q
3πε0L2

C. Q
2√3 πε0L2

D. Q
4πε0L2

Answer: C

Solution:

Solution:
Given, length of conductor = L
Charge on conductor = Q
√
According to figure, OP = a = 3 L, OQ = L
2 2

Let PQ = r = √ OP2 + OQ2

√( ) + ( L2 ) = √ 34L + L4 = L and E be the electric field at point P.

2 2
√3 2
⇒ PQ = L
2
kλ (sin φ + sin φ ).
Since, E (due to finite wire) = 1 2 . . (i)
a
where, k = Coulomb's constant = 1
4πε0
Q L∕2= 1
λ = linear charge density = and sin φ = sin φ2 =
L L 2
Substituting the above value in Eq. (i), we get
E = kλ = 1 Q = 1
a 4πε0 √ L 2√3 πε0L2
L⋅ 3
2

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question60
Given below are two statements:
Statement I An electric dipole is placed at the centre of a hollow
sphere. The flux of electric field through the sphere is zero but the
electric field is not zero anywhere in the sphere.
Statement II If R is the radius of a solid metallic sphere and Q be the
total charge on it. The electric field at any point on the spherical
surface of radius r(<R) is zero but the electric flux passing through
this closed spherical surface of radius r is not zero.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from
the options given below.
[26 Feb 2021 Shift 2]
Options:

A. Both Statement I and Statement II are true.

B. Statement I is true but Statement II is false.

C. Both Statement I and Statement II are false.

D. Statement I is false but Statement II is true.

Answer: B

Solution:

Solution:
Net charge on electyric dipole = +q − q = 0
Hence, according to Gauss's law,
q
Electric flux, φ = net = 0 = 0
ε0 ε0
Electric field due to electric dipole is non-zero and varies at point to point.
Hence, statement I is true.
Electric field due to charged solid sphere at a distance r from centre.

E = 1 ⋅ Qr
4πε0 R3 [
when r < R
R → radius ]
which is non-zero. Hence, statement II is false. Hence, option (b) is the correct.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question61
A charge q is placed at one corner of a cube as shown in figure. The
flux of electrostatic field E through the shaded area is
[25 Feb 2021 Shift 2]
Options:

q
A.
48ε0

B. q
4ε0

C. q
8ε0

q
D.
24ε0

Answer: D

Solution:

Solution:
Given, charge q is at one of the corner of the cube.
∴ Contribution of q in cube will be q enclosed = q ∕ 8
As, only 3 faces of cube is allowing the flux lines to pass through it.
q
∴ Flux (φ) = enclosed = 1 q ∕ 8 = q
ε0 3 ε0 24ε0

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question62

( ) NC . The
∧ ∧
3 4
The electric field in a region is given E = E i
5 0
+ E j
5 0
ratio of flux of reported field through the rectangular surface of area
0.2m2 (parallel to YZ-plane) to that of the surface of area 0.3m2
(parallel to X Z - plane) is a : b, where a = ..........
∧ ∧ ∧
[Here i , j and k are unit vectors along X , Y and Z -axes, respectively]
[25 Feb 2021 Shift 1]

Answer: 1

Solution:
Solution:
3E 0 ∧ 4 ∧
Given, E = i + E 0j,
5 5
∧ ∧
A1 = 0.2m2 i and A2 = 0.3m2 j
Let φ1 and φ2 be the flux linked with area A1 and A2, respectively. As we know that,
φ = ∮E ⋅ dS = E ⋅ A
( )
∧ ∧ ∧
⇒ φ1 = 3 ∕ 5E 0 i + 4 ∕ 5E 0 j ⋅ 0.2 i = 3 ∕ 5E 0 × 0.2
and similarly, φ2 = 4 ∕ 5E 0 × 0.3
φ1 3 ∕ 5E 0 × 0.2 0.6 1
Now, = = =
φ2 4 ∕ 5E 0 × 0.3 1.2 2
∴ a=1

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question63
A point charge of +12µC is at a distance 6cm vertically above the
centre of a square of side 12cm as shown in figure. The magnitude of
the electric flux through the square will be .......... ×103N − m2 ∕ C
[24 Feb 2021 Shift 2]

Answer: 226

Solution:
Solution:
Given, charge, q = 12µC = 12 × 10−6C
Height of charge from surface, h = 6cm = 6 × 10−2m
and side of square, a = 12cm = 12 × 10−2m
From figure, it is clear that the given square is one of the face of a cube of side 12cm and +12µC
charge is placed at its centre. Then, by Gauss's theorem,

Flux through any face, φ = q

6ε0
12 × 10−6
⇒ φ = −12
= 0.226 × 106N − m2 ∕ C
6 × 8.854 × 10
= 226 × 103N − m2 ∕ C
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question64
A cube of side ' a ' has point charges +Q located at each of its
vertices except at the origin where the charge is −Q. The electric
field at the centre of cube is :

{24Feb2021 Shift1}
Options:

A. 3Q ∧
(
∧ ∧
x+y+z )
3√3 πε0a2

B. −2Q ∧
(
∧ ∧
x+y+z )
3√3 πε0a2

C. 2Q ∧
(
∧ ∧
x+y+z )
3√3 πε0a2
D. Q
2
(
∧ ∧ ∧
x+y+z )
3√3 πε0a

Answer: B

Solution:

Solution:
Electric field due to all charges will cancel out except two charges +Q and −Q placed along body
diagonal.
→
E −Q = −Q ( x∧ + y∧ + z∧ )
3a2 √3
4πε0
4
→ ( ∧ + ∧ + ∧)
E + Q = −Q 2 x y z
3πε0a √3
Net electric field at the centre of cube is
→ → →
E net = E − Q + E + Q
= −2Q ( ∧ + ∧ + ∧ )
x y z
3√3 πε0a2

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question65
An infinite number of point charges, each carrying 1µC charge, are
placed along the Y -axis at y = 1m, 2m, 4m, 8m. The total force on a
1C point charge, placed at the origin, is x × 103N . The value of x to
the nearest integer, is .............. .
1
(Take, 4πε = 9 × 109N − m2/C2 )
0

[18 Mar 2021 Shift 2]

Answer: 12

Solution:

Solution:
The 1C charge present in the origin and other 1µC charge are placed at 1m, 2m, 4m, 8m...
Using the Coulomb's law,
kq1q2
F =
r2
F = 9 × 109 × (1) × 10−6 [ 1 + 21 + 41 + 81 +⋯ ]
2 2 2

[ ]
= 9 × 103 × 1 = 12 × 103N
1
1−
4
The value of x to the nearest integer is 12 .

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question66
Find out the surface charge density at the intersection of point
X = 3m plane and X -axis, in the region of uniform line charge of
8nC ∕ m lying along the Z -axis in free space
[16 Mar 2021 Shift 2]
Options:

A. 0.424nCm−2

B. 47.88nCm−2

C. 0.07nCm−2

D. 4.0nCm−2

Answer: A

Solution:

Solution:
Given,
Linear charge density, λ = 8nC/m = 8 × 10−9C/m
The relation between surface charge density and linear charge density can be given as
2kλ = σ
.....(i)
r ε0
where,
k = Coulomb's constant,
λ = linear charge density,
σ = surface charge density,
ε0 = absolute electrical permittivity of free space
and r = distance.
Substituting the values in Eq. (i), we get
2kλε0
σ=
r
−9
2 9 9
8 8.85 × 10−12
= × × 10 × × 10 ×
3
= 0.424 × 10 Cm = 0.424nCm−2
−9 −2

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question67
An oil drop of radius 2mm with a density 3gcm−3 is held stationary
under a constant electric field 3.55 × 105V m−1 in the Millikan's oil
drop experiment. What is the number of excess electrons that the oil
drop will possess? (Take, g = 9.81m ∕ s2 )
[18 Mar 2021 Shift 1]
Options:

A. 48.8 × 1011

B. 1.73 × 1010

C. 17.3 × 1010

D. 1.73 × 1012

Answer: B

Solution:
Solution:
Given, the radius of oil drop, r = 2mm = 0.002m
The density of oil drop, ρ = 3g ∕ cm3 = 3 × 103kg ∕ m3
The constant electric field, E = 3.55 × 105V m−1
The constant electric field, E = 3.55 × 105V m−1
Under stationary condition of oil drop,
mg = qE
⇒ ρV g = qE [∵m = ρV ]

( )
⇒ ρ 4 πr3 g = neE
3

[∵V = 4 πr3 and q = ne ]

3
n=
(
ρ 4 πr3 g
3 )
eE

⇒ n=
3 × 103 × ( 43 π(0.002) ) 9.81
3

1.6 × 10−19 × (3.55 × 105)

⇒ n = 1.73 × 1010

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question68
∧ ∧
2 3
The electric field in a region is given by E = E i
5 0
+ E j
5 0
with
E 0 = 4.0 × 103N ∕ C. The flux of this field through a rectangular
−1
surface area 0.4m2 parallel to the yz-plane is .......... N − m2C .
[17 Mar 2021 Shift 2]

Answer: 640

Solution:

Solution:
Given,
2 ∧ 3 ∧
The electric field in the region, E = E i + E 0j
5 0 5
N3
Here, E 0 = 4 × 10
C
Area of the rectangular surface, A = 0.4m2
The direction of electric field vector and area vector is same, so the angle between the electric field
vector and area vector is 0 .
As we know the expression of electric flux,
φ = E ⋅ A cos θ...(i)
Here, E is the electric field vector, and A is the surface area of the surfaces.
Consider the surface parallel to the Y − Z plane, so the area vector, A=0.4 i {m}^{2}
Substituting the values in Eq. (i), we get
∘ 2
φ = E ⋅ A cos 0 ⇒ φ = E 0(0.4)
5
2
⇒ φ = (4 × 103)(0.4) = 640N m2C−1
5
2 1
Hence, the electric flux of the surface parallel to the Y − Z plane is 640N m C− .

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Question69
Two identical tennis balls each having mass 'm' and charge ' q ' are
suspended from a fixed point by threads of length ′l ′. What is the
equilibrium separation when each thread makes a small angle ′θ′
with the vertical ?
[27 Jul 2021 Shift 1]
Options:

1
A. x = ( 2
ql
2πε0mg ) 2

1
B. x = ( 2
ql
2πε0mg ) 3

( )
2 2 2
ql
C. x =
2πε0m2g

( )
2 2 2
ql
D. x =
2πε0m2g2

Answer: B

Solution:

Solution:

T cos θ = mg
kq2
T sin θ = 2
x
2
tan θ = kq
x2mg
 x
as tan θ ≈ sin θ ≈
2L
x K q2
= 2
2L x mg

( )
1∕3
q2L
x=
2πε0mg

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question70
A particle of mass 1mg and charge q is lying at the mid-point of two
stationary particles kept at a distance '2 m ' when each is carrying
same charge 'q'. If the free charged particle is displaced from its
equilibrium position through distance ' x′ (x< < 1m). The particle
executes SHM. Its angular frequency of oscillation will be _____
×105 rad ∕ s if q2 = 10C2
[25 Jul 2021 Shift 1]

Answer: 6

Solution:
Solution:

Net force on free charged particle

2 2
kq kq
F = −
(d + x)2 (d − x)2
F = −kq2 [ 4d x
(d − x2)2
2 ]
4kq2d x
a=−
m d4
( )
a=− ( )
4kq2
md 3
x

So, angular frequency

ω=
√ 4kq2
md 3
ω=
√ 4 × 9 × 109 × 10
6
1 × 10− × 1
3

ω = 6 × 108rad ∕ sec

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question71
An electric dipole is placed on x-axis in proximity to a line charge of
linear charge density 3.0 × 10−6C ∕ m. Line charge is placed on z-axis
and positive and negative charge of dipole is at a distance of 10mm
and 12mm from the origin respectively. If total force of 4N is
exerted on the dipole, find out the amount of positive or negative
charge of the dipole.
[22 Jul 2021 Shift 2]
Options:

A. 815.1nC

B. 8.8µC

C. 0.485mC

D. 4.44µC

Answer: D

Solution:

Solution:

r = 10mm, x = 2,
→
| |
Fq =
2kλ . q
r
|→F −q | =
2kλ . q
r+x
→
⇒ | F net | = 2kλq − 2kλq
r r+x
→
| F net | = 2kλq .x
r(r + x)
2 × 9 × 109 × 3 × 10−6 × q × 2mm
4=
10mm.12mm
⇒q = 4.44µC

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question72
A certain charge Q is divided into two parts q and(Q − q). How
should the charges Q and q be divided so that q and (Q − q) placed
at a certain distance apart experience maximum electrostatic
repulsion?
[20 Jul 2021 Shift 1]
Options:

A. Q = q
2

B. Q = 2q

C. Q = 4q

D. Q = 3q

Answer: B

Solution:
Solution:

kq(Q − q) k
Fq= 2
= 2 (qQ − q2)
L L
dF =0
when force is maximum
dq
d F = k [Q − 2q] =
0
d q L2
⇒Q − 2q = 0 ⇒ Q = 2q

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Question73
What will be the magnitude of electric field at point O as shown in
figure? Each side of the figure is l and perpendicular to each other?

[27 Jul 2021 Shift 2]

Options:

A. 1 q2
4πε0 l

B. 1 q
(2√2 − 1)
4πε0 (2l 2)

C. q
4πε0(2l )2

D. 1 2q2 (√2 )
4πε0 2l

Answer: B

Solution:

Solution:
E 1 = kq2 = E 2
l
E 3 = kq 2 = kq2
(√2 l ) 2l
√2 kq
E = 2 − kq2 = kq2 (2√2 − 1)
l 2l 2l
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question74
A body having specific charge 8µC ∕ g is resting on a frictionless
plane at a distance 10cm from the wall (as shown in the figure). It
starts moving towards the wall when a uniform electric field
of100V ∕ m is applied horizontally towards the wall.

If the collision of the body with the wall is perfectly elastic, then the
time period of the motion will be _____ s.

[20 Jul 2021 Shift 1]

Answer: 1
Solution:

Solution:

F = ma
qE = ma
a = qE
m
1 2
Now d = at
2
t=
√
2d
a

√(
2d
t=
qE
m )

√(
2 × 0.1 1
t= =
2
8 × 10−6
10−3
)
× 100

∴ Time period = 2t = 1sec

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question75
The total charge enclosed in an incremental volume of 2 × 10−9m3
located at the origin isnC, if electric flux density of its field is found
^ ^ ^
as D = e−x sin y i − e−x cos y j + 2zkC ∕ m2.
[22 Jul 2021 Shift 2]

Answer: 4

Solution:
Solution:
Electric flux density
(D) =
charge ^
Area
×r=
Q ^
4πr 2
r = ∈0
(Q ^
4π ∈0 r2
r
)
→ → e−x sin y ^i − e−x cos y ^j + 2zk^
⇒E = D =
∈0 ∈0
Also by Gauss's law
→
𝜕^ 𝜕^ 𝜕^ →
ρ
∈0
= (𝜕x
i+ j+ k .E =
𝜕y 𝜕z ) 𝜕x (
𝜕^ 𝜕^ 𝜕^
i+ j+ k . D
𝜕y 𝜕z ∈0 )
𝜕 𝜕 𝜕
⇒ρ = (e−x sin y) + (−e−x cos y) + (2z)
𝜕x 𝜕y 𝜕z
−x −x
ρ = −e sin y + e sin y + 2
At origin ρ = −e−0 sin 0 + e−0 sin 0 + 2
ρ = 2C ∕ m3
9 9
Charge = ρ × volume = 2 × 2 × 10− = 4 × 10− = 4nC

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question76
Consider a sphere of radius R which carries a uniform charge
density ρ. If a sphere of radius R2 is carved out of it, as shown, the
|→E | → →
ratio →A of magnitude of electric field E A and E B, respectively, at
| E B|
points A and B due to the remaining portion is:

[9 Jan. 2020, I]
Options:
A. 21
34

B. 18
34

C. 17
54

D. 18
54

Answer: B

Solution:

Solution:

(
Electric field at A R′ = R
2 )
q
EA.ds=
ε0

→
⇒E A =
ρ × ( )
4π R 3
3 2

( )
2
ε0 . 4π R
2
→
3ε0 ( )
⇒ E A = σ(R ∕ 2) = σR
6ε0
Electric fields at ‘B’

→
EB=
k × ρ × 4 πR3
3 −
k × ( )
ρ × 4π R 3
3 2

( )
2
R 3R 2
2
→
( )( ) ( )
(σ) 4π R 3
⇒ E B = σR − 1
3ε0 4πε0 3R 2 3 2
2
→ σR σR
⇒E B = −
3ε0 54ε0
⇒E B = 17 σR
54 ε0 ( )
| EE | = 16 ×× 5417 = ( 179 ) = 179 × 22 = 1834
A

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question77

An electric dipole of moment →p = ( i − 3 j + 2k ) × 10−29C . mis at the

^ ^ ^

^ ^ ^
origin (0,0,0) . The electric field due to this dipole at →r = + i + 3 j + 5k
(note that →r . →
p = 0 ) is parallel to:

[9 Jan. 2020, I]
Options:
A. ( + i − 3 j − 2k )
^ ^ ^

B. ( − i + 3 j − 2k )
^ ^ ^

C. ( + i + 3 j − 2k )
^ ^ ^

D. ( − i − 3 j + 2k )
^ ^ ^

Answer: C

Solution:

Solution:
→ →
Since r . p = 0
→ →
E must be antiparallel to p
∴ E^ is parallel to ( + ^i + 3^j − 2k^ )

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question78
A charged particle of mass ' m ' and charge 'q' moving under the
^
influence of uniform electric field E i and a uniform magnetic field
→
B k follows a trajectory from point P to Q as shown in figure. The
→ →
velocities at P and Q are respectively, v and −2v j . Then which of
i
the following statements (A, B, C, D) are the correct? (Trajectory
shown is schematic and not to scale)

(A) E = 3
4 ( )
mv2
qa

(B) Rate of work done by the electric field at P is 34 ( )

mv2
a

(C) Rate of work done by both the fields at Q is zero

(D) The difference between the magnitude of angular momentum of
the particle at P and Q is 2 mav.
[9 Jan. 2020, I]
Options:

A. (A), (C), (D)

B. (B), (C), (D)

C. (A), (B), (C)

D. (A), (B), (C), (D)

Answer: C

Solution:

Solution:
(A) By work energy theorem
W mg + W el e = 1 m(2v)2 − 1 m(v)2
2 2
3 3 mv2
0 + qE 02a = mv2 ⇒ E 0 =
2 4 qa
3 mv3
(B) Rate of work done at P = power of electric force = qE 0V =
4 a
dw =0
(C) At, Q, for both the fields
dt
(D) The difference of magnitude of angular momentum of the particle at P and Q,
→
Δ L = ( −m2v2ak^ ) − ( −mvak^ )
| Δ→
L | = 3mva

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question79
Three charged particles

A, B and C with charges −4q, 2q and −2q are present on the

circumference of a circle of radius d . The charged particles A, C
and centre O of the circle formed an equilateral triangle as shown in
figure. Electric field at O along x -direction is:
[8 Jan. 2020, I]
Options:

A. √3q
π ∈0 d 2

B. 2√3q 2
π ∈0 d

√3q
C. 2
4π ∈0 d

D. 3√3q
4π ∈0 d 2

Answer: A

Solution:

Solution:

Electric field due to charge +2q at centre O

→
E1=
1 ×
4πε0 d 2
2q
[^ ^
2
]
√3 i − j

Electric field due to charge −2q at centre O

→
E2= [^ ^
1 × 2q √3 i − j
4πε0 d 2 2
]
Electric field due to charge −4q at centre O
→
E3=
1
×
4πε0 d 2
[ ^ ^
4q √3 i + j
2
]
∴ Net electric field at point O
→ → → → √3 q ^
E 0= E 1+ E 2+ E 3= i
πε0d 2

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question80
A particle of mass m and charge q is released from rest in a uniform
electric field. If there is no other force on the particle, the
dependence of its speed v on the distance x travelled by it is correctly
given by (graphs are schematic and not drawn to scale)
[8 Jan. 2020, II]
Options:

A.

B.

C.
D.

Answer: B

Solution:

Solution:

Using
v2 − u2 = 2aS ......(i)
Here, u = 0, s = x
Also, F electric = ma
⇒qE = ma ⇒ a = qE ⇒a = qE
m m
Substituting the values in (i) we get
v2 = 2qE x
m

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Question81
Two infinite planes each with uniform surface charge density +σ are
kept in such a way that the angle between them is 30°. The electric
field in the region shown between them is given by:

[7 Jan. 2020, I]
Options:

A. σ
2∈0 [ (1 + √3) − ]
y^ x^
2

B. σ
∈0 [ (1+ ) + ]
√3
2
y^ x^
2

C. σ
2∈0 [ (1 + √3) + ]
y^ x^
2

D. σ
2∈0 [( ) ] ^
1 − √23 y^ − x2

Answer: D

Solution:

Solution:

From figure,
→ σ ^ → σ ( −cos 60° ^ − sin 60° ^ )
E1= y and E 2 = x y
2ε0 2ε0
 (
= σ − 1 x^ − y^
2ε0 2
√3
2 )
Electric field in the region shown in figure (P)
→ → →
E P= E 1+ E 2=
σ
2ε0 2
1
[ (
− x^ + 1 −
√3 ^
2
y ) ]
→
or, E =P
σ
2ε [ (0
1 − 3 ) y^ − x ]
√
2
^
2

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question82
→
An electric field E = 4x^i − (y2 + 1)^jN ∕ C passes through the box
shown in figure. The flux of the electric field through surfaces
ABCD and BCGF are marked as ϕ1 and ϕ11 respectively. The
difference between (ϕ1 − ϕ11) is (in N m2 ∕ C ) _________.

[9 Jan 2020, II]

Answer: -48

Solution:

Solution:
→ →
Flux of electric field E through any area A is defined as
ϕ = ∫ E . A cos θ
Here, θ = angle between electric field and area vector of a surface
For surface ABCD Angle, θ = 90°
∴ϕ1 = ∫ E . A cos 90° = 0
→ →
For surface BCGF ϕn = ∫ E . d A

∴ϕ11 = [ 4 × i − (y2 + 1) j ] .4 i = 16x

^ ^ ^
2
ϕ11 = 48 N m
C
ϕ1 − ϕ11 = −48

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question83

In finding the electric field using Gauss law the formula | E | = ∈

→ qenc
is
0 | A|

applicable. In the formula ∈0 is permittivity of free space, A is the

area of Gaussian surface and qenc is charge enclosed by the Gaussian
surface. This equation can be used in which of the following
situation?
[8 Jan 2020, I]
Options:

A. Only when the Gaussian surface is an equipotential surface and | E | is constant on

→

the surface.

B. equipotential surface and | E | is constant on the surface.

→

C. Only when | E | = constant on the surface.

→

D. For any choice of Gaussian surface.

Answer: A

Solution:

Solution:
According to Gauss' Law,
→ → q
∮ E id A = ene
E0
→ →
Where E 1 is the electric field and d A is the elemental. areal vector for any small elemental area on
the gaussian surface.
| →E | | d →A | cos θ = qE
1
ene
0
→ q ene
Given that the formula | E | = is applicable.
∈0 | A|

|
→
|q
∴ E | | A = ene
E0
→ → →
∴ E || A | = ∮ E 1 d A | cos θ
| | ||
→ → →
| | | |
This relation will be valid when E 1 is a consatnt and E 1 = E and also when θ = 0∘
→ → → → →
| ||
∮ E 1 d A | cos θ becomes | E | ∮ | d A | = | E | | A |
The condition θ = 0 means that the components of electric field parallel to the elemental surface
araE 1 sin θ = 0.
This means that the potential gradient over the surface is zero. Hence the surface is equipotential.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question84
Charges Q1 and Q2 are at points A and B of a right angle triangle
OAB (see figure). The resultant electric field at point O is
perpendicular to the hypotenuse, then Q1 ∕ Q2 is proportional to :

[Sep. 06,2020 (I)]

Options:

x1 3
A.
x2 3

x2
B.
x1
 x1
C.
x2

x2 2
D.
x1 2

Answer: C

Solution:

Solution:
kQ2
Electric field due charge Q2, E 2 =
x22
kQ1
Electric field due charge Q1, E 1 =
x12

From figure,
E x kQ2 x
tan θ = 2 = 1 ⇒ = 1
E 1 x2 kQ x2
x22 × 21
x1
Q2x12 x1 Q x Q x
⇒ = ⇒ 2 = 2 or, 1 = 1
Q1x2 2 x2 Q1 x1 Q2 x2

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question85
Consider the force F on a charge ‘q’ due to a uniformly charged
spherical shell of radius R carrying charge Q distributed uniformly
over it. Which one of the following statements is true for F, if ‘q’ is
placed at distance r from the centre of the shell?
[Sep. 06, 2020 (II)]
Options:

A. F = 1 Qq2 for r < R

4πε0 R

B. F = 1 Qq2 > F > 0 for r < R

4πε0 R

C. F = 1 Qq2 for r > R

4πε0 R

D. F = 1 Qq2 for all r

4πε0 R

Answer: C

Solution:

Solution:
For spherical shell
E = 1 Q2 ( if r ≥ R )
4πε0 r
= 0( if r < R )
Force on charge in electried field, F = qE
∴F = 0(For r < R )
F = 1 Qq ( For r > R )
4πε0 r2

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question86
Two charged thin infinite plane sheets of uniform surface charge
density σ+ and σ− , where |σ+|> | σ− | , intersect at right angle. Which
of the following best represents the electric field lines for this
system?
[Sep. 04, 2020 (I)]
Options:

A.
B.

C.

D.
Answer: C

Solution:
Solution:
The electric field produced due to uniformly charged infinite plane is uniform. So option (b) and (d)
are wrong. And +ve charge density σ+ is bigger in magnitude so its field along Y direction will be
bigger than field of - ve charge density σ− in X direction. Hence option (c) is correct.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question87
A particle of charge q and mass m is subjected to an electric field
E = E 0(1 − ax2) in the x -direction, where a and E 0 are constants.
Initially the particle was at rest at x = 0. Other than the initial
position the kinetic energy of the particle becomes zero when the
distance of the particle from the origin is :
[Sep. 04,2020 (II)]
Options:

A. a

B. √ 2
a

C. √ 3
a

D. √ 1
a

Answer: C

Solution:

Solution:
f = qE = qE 0(1 − ax2)
dv
⇒mv = qE 0(1 − ax2)
dx
qE 0(1 − ax2)
vd v = dx
m

∫ both sides;
v qE 0 x 2
∫ vd v = ∫ (1 − ax ) dx
0 m 0

(
v = qE 0 x − ax3
)
2

2 m 3
K.E of particle becomes zero

( ) =0
3
1 mv2 = qe ⋅ x − ax
2 0 3
3
ax
x=
3
3
= x2
a
x=
√ 3
a

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question88
A charged particle (mass m and charge q ) moves along X axis with
velocity V 0. When it passes through the origin it enters a region
→ ^
having uniform electric field E = −E j which extends upto x = d .
Equation of path of electron in the region x > d is :

[Sep. 02, 2020 (I)]

Options:

A. y = qE d 2 (x − d )
mV 0

(
B. y = qE d 2 d − x
mV 0 2 )
C. y = qE d 2 x
mV 0

2
D. y = qE d 2 x
mV 0

Answer: B

Solution:

Solution:
F x = 0, ax = 0, (v)x = constant
Time taken to reach at 'P′ = d = t0 (let) ......(i)
v0
1 qE . t 2
( Along −y ), y0 = 0 + . .......(ii)
2 m 0
 vy qE t0
tan θ = =
vx m . v0
, t= d (
v0 )
tan θ = qE d 2 , Slope = −qE d2
m . v0 mv0
→
No electric field ⇒F net = 0, v = const.

y = mx + c,
{ m = qE d2
mv0
(d , −y0)
}
−qE d c qE d 2
−y0 = , d + ⇒c = −y 0 +
mv02 mv02
2
y = −qE d2 x − y0 + qE d2
mv0 mv0
qE 2
( )
2
y0 = 1 . qE d = 1 d2
2 m v0 2 mv
0
2 2
1
y = −qE d2 x − qE d2 + qE d2
mv0 2 mv mv0
0
2
y = −qE d2 + 1 qE d2 ⇒y = qE d2 d − x
mv0 2 mv mv0 2
( )
0

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question89
A small point mass carrying some positive charge on it, is released
from the edge of a table. There is a uniform electric field in this
region in the horizontal direction. Which of the following options
then correctly describe the trajectory of the mass ? (Curves are
drawn schematically and are not to scale).

[Sep. 02, 2020 (I)]

Options:

A.

B.

C.

D.
Answer: D

Solution:
Solution:
Net force acting on the particle,
→ ^ ^
F = qE i + mg j
Net acceleration of particle is constant, initial velocity is zero therefore path is straight line.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question90
∧
→
A particle of mass m and charge q has an initial velocity v = v0 j . If
→ ∧ → ∧
an electric field = E 0 and magnetic field
E i B = B0 i act on the
particle, its speed will double after a time:
[2020, I]
Options:

2mv0
A.
qE 0

3mv0
B.
qE 0

√3 mv
C. qE 0
0
 √2 mv
D. qE 0
0

Answer: C

Solution:

Solution:
Electric field will increase the speed of particle in x direction.
F X = qE
∴a = qE
m
qE t
Also V X = at =
m
2 2 2
vx + vy = v
⇒vx2 + v02 = (2v0)2
⇒V x = √3 v0
∴ qE t = √3 v0
m
√3 mv0
⇒t =
qE 0

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question91
→ ^
Two identical electric point dipoles have dipole moments P 1 = P i and
→ ^
2 = −P and are held on the x axis at distance 'a' from each other.
P i

When released, they move along x axis with the direction of their
dipole moments remaining unchanged. If the mass of each dipole is '
m ', their speed when they are infinitely far apart is :
[Sep. 06, 2020 (II)]
Options:

A. P
a √ 1
πε0ma

B. Pa
√ 1
2πε0ma

C. P
a √ 2
πε0ma
D. Pa
√ 2
2πε0ma

Answer: B

Solution:

Solution:
Let v be the speed of dipole.
Using energy conservation
Ki+Ui=Kf +Uf
2k . p
⇒0 − 3 1 p2 cos(180°) = 1 mv2 + 1 mv2 + 0
r 2 2

( ∵ Potential energy of interaction between dipole =

−2p1p2 cos θ
4π ∈0 r3 )
√
2kp1p2 2kp1p2
⇒mv2 = ⇒v =
r3 mr3
When p1 = p2 = p and r = a

v=
p
a √ 2π ∈1 ma
0

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question92
Three charges +Q, q, +Q are placed respectively, at distance, d2 and
d from the origin, on the x -axis. If the net force experienced by +Q,
placed at x = 0, is zero, then value of q is:
[9 Jan. 2019 I]
Options:

A. −Q ∕ 4

B. +Q ∕ 2

C. +Q ∕ 4

D. −Q ∕ 2

Answer: A

Solution:
Solution:

Force due to charge +Q

K QQ
Fa=
d2
Force due to charge q
K Qq
Fb=
( )
d 2
2
For equilibrium,
→ →
F a+ F b=0
⇒ kQQ + kQq 2 = 0 ∴q = − Q
d 2
(d ∕ 2) 4

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question93
Charge is distributed within a sphere of radius R with a volume
charge density p(r) = A2 e−2r ∕ a where A and aare constants. If Q is the
r
total charge of this charge distribution, the radius R is:
[9 Jan. 2019, II]
Options:

(
A. a log 1 − Q
2πaA )
B. a log
2
( 1−
1
Q
2πaA
)
C. a log
( 1− Q
1

2πaA
)
(
D. a log 1 − Q
2 2πaA )
Answer: B
Solution:

Solution:

R
Q = ∫ ρd v = ∫ A2 e−2r ∕ a(4πr2d r)
0 r

( )
R
R
= 4πA ∫ e−2r ∕ ad r = 4πA e−2r ∕ a
0
−2
a 0

( )
= 4πA − a (e−2R ∕ a − 1)
2
Q = 2πaA(1 − e−2R ∕ a)
R = a log
( )
1
2 Q
1−
2πaA

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question94
For a uniformly charged ring of radius R, the electric field on its
axis has the largest magnitude at a distance h from its centre. Then
value of h is:
[9 Jan. 2019 I]
Options:

A. R
√5

B. R
√2

C. R

D. R√2
Answer: B

Solution:

Solution:
Electric field on the axis of a ring of radius R at a distance h from the centre,
E = 2 kQh2 3 ∕ 2
(h + R )
dE =0
Condition: for maximum electric field
dh
⇒d [ kQh
d h (R2 + h2)3 ∕ 2
=0 ]
By using the concept of maxima and minima we get,
h= R
√2

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question95
Two point charges q1(√10 µC) and q2(−25µC) are placed on the x -
axis at x = 1m and x = 4m respectively. The electric field (in V ∕ m )
at a point y = 3m on y -axis is

[ 1
take 4π∈ = 9 × 109N m2C−2
0 ]
[9 Jan 2019, II]
Options:

A. ( 63 i − 27 j ) × 10
^ ^ 2

B. ( −63 i + 27 j ) × 102
^ ^

C. ( 81 i − 81 j ) × 10
^ ^ 2

D. ( −81 i + 81 j ) × 102
^ ^

Answer: A

Solution:
Solution:
 → →
Let E 1 and E 2 are the values of electric field due to charge, q1 and q2 respectively magnitude of
q
E 1 = 1 12
4π∈0 r
1

−6
= 1 √10 × 10
4π∈0 (12 + 32)
= (9 × 109) × √10 × 10−7
= 9√10 × 102
→ → →
∴ E 1 = 9√10 × 102 cos θ1 ( − i ) + sin θ1 j
[ ]
⇒E 1 = 9 × √10 × 102 [ √101 ( −^i ) + √103 ^j ]
⇒E 1 = 9 × 102 [ − i + 3 j ] = [ −9 i + 27 j ] 102
^ ^ ^ ^

q
Similarly, E 2 = 1 22
4π∈0 r
9 × 109 × (25) × 10−6
E2= 2 2
E 2 = 9 × 103V ∕ m
(4 + 3 )
→
( ^ ^
)
∴ E 2 = 9 × 103 cos θ2 i − sin θ2 j ∵ tan θ2 =
3
4
→
( )
∴ E 2 = 9 × 103 4 ^i − 3 ^j = ( 72^i − 54^j ) × 102
5 5
→ → →
∴ E = E 1 + E 2 = ( 63 i − 27 j ) × 102V ∕ m
^ ^

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Question96
An electric field of 1000V ∕ m is applied to an electric dipole at angle
of 45°. The value of electric dipole moment is 10−29C . m. What is the
potential energy of the electric dipole?
[11 Jan 2019, II]
Options:

A. −20 × 10−18J

B. −7 × 10−27J

C. −10 × 10−29J

D. −9 × 10−20J

Answer: B

Solution:
Solution:
Potential energy of a dipole is given by
→ →
U =− P .E
= –PE cos θ
[Where θ = angle between dipole and perpendicular to the field]
= −(10 − 29)(103) cos 45°
= −0.707 × 10–26J = −7 × 10−27J

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question97
Charges −q and +q located at A and B, respectively constitute an
electric dipole. Distance AB = 2a, O is the mid point of the dipole
and OP is perpendicular to AB. A charge Q is placed at P where
OP = y and y> > 2a. The charge Q experiences an electrostatic force
F . If Q is now moved along the equatorial line to P′ such that OP′
= ( ) , the force on Q will be close to: (
y
3
y
3
> > 2a )

[10 Jan 2019, II]

Options:

A. 3F

B. F
3

C. 9F

D. 27F

Answer: D

Solution:

Solution:
→
K P
Electric field of equatorial plane of dipole = − 3
r
 KP
∴ At point P, = + 3 Q
y
1 1 K PQ =
At Point P , F = + 27F .
(y ∕ 3)3

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question98
A simple pendulum of length L is placed between the plates of a
parallel plate capacitor having electric field E as shown in figure. Its
bob has mass m and charge q. The time period of the pendulum is
given by:

[10 April 2019, II]

Options:

√(
A. 2π L
g + qE
m )

√ √(
B. 2π L

)
2 2
g2 − q E2
m
 √(
C. 2π L
g − qE
m )

√ √(
D. 2π L

)
2 2
g2 + q E2
m

Answer: D

Solution:

Solution:
Time period of the pendulum (T) is given by
T = 2π
√L
geff

geff =
√ (mg)2 + (qE )2
m

√
√√
L
( )
2
⇒geff = g2 + gE ⇒T = 2π
m
( )
2
g2 + qE
m

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question99
Four point charges −q, +q, +q and −q are placed on y -axis at
y = −2d , y = −d , y = +d and y = +2d , respectively. The magnitude
of the electric field E at a point on the x -axis at x = D, with D> > d ,
will behave as:
[9 April 2019, II]
Options:

A. E ∝ 13
D

B. E ∝ 1
D

C. E ∝ 14
D
D. E ∝ 12
D

Answer: D

Solution:

Solution:
→ → → → →
( ) (
E = E 1+ E 2 + E 3+ E 4 )
or E = 2E cos α − 2E cos β

2kq D 2kq D
= × − 2 ×
(D + d ) √ D2 + d 2 ( D + (2d )2 .
2 2
√ D2 + (2d )2
2kqD 2kqD
= 2 2 3∕2
− 2
(D + d ) [D + (2d )2]3 ∕ 2
For d < < D
E ∝ D3 ∝ 12
D D

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question100
The bob of a simple pendulum has mass 2g and a charge of 5.0 14 C. It
is at rest in a uniform horizontal electric field of intensity 2000V ∕ m.
At equilibrium, the angle that the pendulum makes with the vertical
is :
( take g = 10m ∕ s2 )
[8 April 2019 I]
Options:

A. tan−1(2.0)
B. tan−1(0.2)

C. tan−1(5.0)

D. tan−1(0.5)

Answer: D

Solution:

Solution:

At equilibrium resultant force on bob must be zero, soT cos θ = mg .......(i)

T sin θ = qE ........(ii)
Solving (i) and (ii) we get
tan θ = qE
mg
−6
5 2000 1
tan θ = × 10 −3× =
2 × 10 × 10 2
[ Here, q = 5 × 10−6C,E = 2000v ∕ m, m = 2 × 10−3kg ]
⇒tan−1 1 ( )
2

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question101
Shown in the figure is a shell made of a conductor. It has inner
radius a and outer radius b, and carries charge Q. At its centre is a
dipole →p as shown. In this case :

[12 April 2019, I]

Options:

A. surface change density on the inner surface is uniform and equal to Q ∕ 22

4πa

B. electric field outside the shell is the same as that of a point charge at the centre of the
shell.

C. surface charge density on the outer surface depends on | P |

→

D. surface charge density on the inner surface of the shell is zero everywhere.-

Answer: B

Solution:

Solution:
Surface charge density depends only due to Q. Also
→ → qλ
∮ E .d A = 1
ε0
Q 1 Q, ≥
or E × 4πr2 = ⇒E = r R
ε0 4πε0 r2

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question102
Let a total charge 2Q be distributed in a sphere of radius R, with the
charge density given by ρ(r) = kr, where r is the distance from the
centre. Two charges A and B, of −Q each, are placed on
diametrically opposite points, at equal distance, a, from the centre.
If A and B do not experience any force, then.
[12 April 2019, II]
Options:

A. a = 8−1 ∕ 4R

B. a = 3R
1∕4
2

C. a = 2−1 ∕ 4R

D. a = R ∕ √3

Answer: A

Solution:

Solution:
→ → q
∮ E . d A = in
ε0

or E × 4πr2 = 1 ∫ S(4πr2)d r
ε0
2 1 r 2
or E × 4πr = ∫ (kr)(4πr )d r
ε0 0

( )
4
or E × 4πr2 = 4πk r
ε0 4
∴E = k r2 .......(i)
4ε0

| |
R 4 R
Also 2Q = ∫ (kr)(4πr )d r = 4πk r
2
0 4 0
4
πkR
Q= .......(ii)
2
From above equations,
 Qr2 .........(iii)
E =
2πε0R4
According to given condition
4
= E Q Q 2 .........(iv)
4πε0(20)
From equations (iii) and (iv), we have
a = 8−1 ∕ 4R.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question103
An electric dipole is formed by two equal and opposite charges q
with separation d . The charges have same mass m. It is kept in a
uniform electric field E . If it is slightly rotated from its equilibrium
orientation, then its angular frequency ω is :
[8 April 2019, II]
Options:

A. √ qE
md

B. √ 2qE
md

C. 2 √ qE
md

D. √ qE
2md

Answer: B

Solution:

Solution:
τ = −PE sin θ
or I α = −PE (θ)
PE (−θ)
α=
I
On comparing with
α = −ω2θ

√ √ √ 2qE
PE = qd E
ω= =
I
( ) md
d 2
2m
2

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question104
Two identical conducting spheres A and B, carry equal charge. They
are separated by a distance much larger than their diameter, and the
force between them is F . A third identical conducting sphere, C, is
uncharged. Sphere C is first touched to A, then to B, and then
removed. As a result, the force between A and B would be equal to
[Online April 16,2018]
Options:

A. 3F
4

B. F
2

C. F

D. 3F
8

Answer: D

Solution:
Solution:
Spheres A and B carry equal charge say 'q'
kqq
∴ Force between them, F = 2
r
q
When A and C are touched, charge on both qA = qC =
2
Then when B and C are touched, charge on B
q +q
2
qB = = 3q
2 4
Now, the force between charge qA and qB
q 3q
kqAqB k × 2 × 4 3 kq2 = 3 F
F′= = =
r2 r2 8 r2 8
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question105
A body of mass M and charge q is connected to a spring of spring
constant k. It is oscillating along x - direction about its equilibrium
position, taken to be at x = 0, with an amplitude A. An electric field
E is applied along the X-direction. Which of the following
statements is correct?
[Online April 15, 2018]
Options:
2 2
A. The total energy of the system is 12 mω A + 12 q kE
2 2

B. The new equilibrium position is at a distance: 2qE from x = 0

k

C. The new equilibrium position is at a distance: qE from x = 0

2k

2 2
D. The total energy of the system is 1 mω2A2 − 1 q kE
2 2

Answer: A

Solution:

Solution:
Equilibrium position will shift to point where resultant force = 0
kxeq = qE ⇒ xeq = qE
k
1 2 2 1 2
Total energy = mω A + kxeq
2 2
1 1 q2E 2
Total energy = mω2A2 +
2 2 k

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question106

A solid ball of radius R has a charge density ρ given byρ = ρ0 1 − Rr ( )

for 0 ≤ r ≤ R. The electric field outside the ball is:
[Online April 15, 2018]
Options:

ρ0R3
A.
ε0r2

4ρ0R3
B.
3ε0r2

3ρ0R3
C.
4ε0r2

ρ0R3
D.
12ε0r2

Answer: D

Solution:

Solution:
Charge density, ρ = ρ0 1 − r
R ( )
d q = ρd v
qin = ∫ d q = ρd v

( )
= ρ0 1 − r 4πr2d r( ∵ d v = 4πr2d r)
R

( )
R
r 2
= 4πρ0 ∫ 1 − r dr
0 R
R 2
= 4πρ0r2d r − r d r
R
0

[ [ ] − [ ] ] = 4πρ [ R3 − 4RR ]
R R
= 4πρ0 r3 r4 3 4

3 4R 0
0 0

= 4πρ [ R − R ] = 4πρ [ R ]
3 3 3

3 0 4 12 0

πρ0R3
q=
3

2
E .4πr = ( πρ0R3
3∈0 )
ρ0R3
∴ Electric field outside the ball, E =
12 ∈0 r2

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Question107
A charge Q is placed at a distance a ∕ 2 above the centre of the
square surface of edge a as shown in the figure. The electric flux
through the square surface is:

[Online April 15, 2018]

Options:

A. Q
3ε0

B. Q
6ε0

C. Q
2ε0

D. Q
ε0

Answer: B

Solution:

Solution:
When cube is of side a and point charge Q is at the center of the cube then the total electric flux
due to this charge will pass evenly through the six faces of the cube.
So, the electric flux through one face will be equal to 1/6 of the total electric flux due to this charge.
Flux through 6 faces = Q
∈0
∴ Flux through 1 face , = Q
6∈0

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Question108
An electric dipole has a fixed dipole moment →p , which makes angle θ
→ ^
with respect to x-axis. When subjected to an electric field E 1 = E i , it
→ ^
experiences a torque T
1 = τ When subjected to another electric field
i
→ ^ → →
2 = √3E 1 it experiences torque 2 = − 1 . The angle θ is:
E j T T

[2017]
Options:

A. 60°

B. 90°

C. 30°

D. 45°

Answer: A

Solution:

Solution:
→ → →
T = PE sin theta Torque experienced by the dipole in an electric field, T = P × E
→ ^ ^
p = p cos θ i + p sin θ j
→ →
E1=E i
→ → →
T 1 = p × E 1 = ( p cos θ i + p sin θ j ) ×E ( i )
^ ^ ^

τk = pE sin θ ( − k ) ........(i)
^ ^
→ ^
E 2 = √3 E 1 j
→ ^ ^ ^
T 2 = p cos θ i + p sin θ j ×√3 E 1 j
^ ^
τk = √3 pE 1 cos θ k ........(ii)
From eqns. (i) and (ii)
pE sin θ = √3 pE cos θ
tan θ = √3 ∴ θ = 60°

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question109
Four closed surfaces and corresponding charge distributions are
shown below.

Let the respective electric fluxes through the surfaces be Φ1, Φ2, Φ3 ,
and Φ4 . Then :
[Online April 9, 2017]
Options:

A. Φ1 < Φ2 = Φ3 > Φ4

B. Φ1 > Φ2 > Φ3 > Φ4

C. Φ1 = Φ2 = Φ3 = Φ4

D. Φ1 > Φ3; Φ2 < Φ4

Answer: C

Solution:

Solution:
The net flux linked with closed surfaces S1, S2, S3 & S4 are
For surface S1, ϕ1 = 1 (2q)
ϕ0
For surface S2, ϕ2 = 1 (q + q + q − q) = 1 2q
ε0 ε0
For surface S3, ϕ3 = 1 (q + q) = 1 (2q)
ε0 ε0
For surface S4, ϕ4 = 1 (8q − 2q − 4q) = 1 (2q)
ε0 ε0
Hence, ϕ1 = ϕ2 = ϕ3 = ϕ4 i.e. net electric flux is same for all surfaces.
Keep in mind, the electric field due to a charge outside ( S3 and S4 ), the Gaussian surface
contributes zero net flux through the surface, because as many lines due to that charge enter the
surface as leave it.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Question110
The region between two concentric spheres of radii 'a' and 'b',
respectively (see figure), have volume charge density ρ = Ar , where A
is a constant and r is the distance from the centre. At the centre of
the spheres is a point charge Q. The value of A such that the electric
field in the region between the spheres will be constant, is:

[2016]
Options:

2Q
A.
π(a2 − b2)

B. 2Q2
πa

C. Q 2
2πa

Q
D.
2π(b2 − a2)

Answer: C

Solution:

Solution:
Applying Gauss’s law
→ →
∮S E . d s = Q
∈0
Q + 2πAr2 − 2πAa2
∴E × 4πr2 =
∈0
ρ= dr
dV
Q = ρ4πr2
r
Q = ∫ A 4πr2d r = 2πA[r2 − a2]
a r

E = 1
4π∈0 [
Q − 2πAa2
r2
+ 2πA ]
For E to be independent of ' r '
Q − 2πAa2 = 0
∴A = Q 2
2πa

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question111
Shown in the figure are two point charges +Q and −Q inside the
cavity of a spherical shell. The charges are kept near the surface of
the cavity on opposite sides of the centre of the shell. If sigma1 is the
surface charge on the inner surface and Q1 net charge on it and σ2
the surface charge on the outer surface and Q2 net charge on it then
:
[Online April 10, 2015]
Options:

A. σ1 ≠ 0, Q1 = 0
σ2 = 0, Q2 = 0

B. σ1 ≠ 0, Q1 = 0
σ2 ≠ 0, Q2 = 0

C. σ1 = 0, Q1 = 0
σ2 = 0, Q2 = 0

D. σ1 ≠ 0, Q1 ≠ 0
σ2 ≠ 0, Q2 ≠ 0

Answer: C

Solution:
Solution:
Inside the cavity net charge is zero.
∴Q1 = 0 and σ1 = 0
There is no effect of point charges +Q, −Q and induced charge on inner surface on the outer
surface.
∴Q2 = 0 and σ2 = 0

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question112
A long cylindrical shell carries positive surface charge σ in the upper
half and negative surface charge −σ in the lower half. The electric
field lines around the cylinder will look like figure given in : (figures
are schematic and not drawn to scale)
[2015]
Options:

A.

B.

C.

D.
Answer: C

Solution:

Solution:
Field lines originate perpendicular from positive charge and terminate perpendicular at negative
charge.
Further this system can be treated as an electric dipole.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question113
A wire of length L( = 20cm), is bent into a semicircular arc. If the
two equal halves of the arc were each to be uniformly charged with
charges ±Q, [ |Q| = 103ε0 . Coulomb where ε0 is the permittivity (in SI
units) of free space] the net electric field at the centre O of the
semicircular arc would be :

[Online April 11, 2015]

Options:

3 ^
A. (50 × 10 N ∕ C) j
^
B. (50 × 103N ∕ C) i
3 ^
C. (25 × 10 N ∕ C) j
^
D. (25 × 103N ∕ C) i
Answer: D

Solution:

Solution:
Given: Length of wire L = 20cm
charge Q = 103ε0
We know, electric field at the centre of the semicircular arc
E = 2K λ
r

( )[
or, E = 2K 2Q r As λ = 2Q
πr πr ]
2
4K Q 4K Qπ 4πK Q ^
= 2
= 2
= 2
= 25 × 103N ∕ C i
πr πL L

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question114
A thin disc of radius b = 2a has a concentric hole of radius ' a ' in it
(see figure). It carries uniform surface charge ' σ ' on it. If the
electric field on its axis at height ' h ' (h< < a) from its centre is given
as ' Ch ' then value of ' C ' is :

[Online April 10, 2015]

Options:

A. σ
4a∈0

B. σ
8a∈0

C. σ
a∈0
D. σ
2a∈0

Answer: A

Solution:
Solution:
Electric field due to complete disc(R = 2a) at a distance x and on its axis
E1= σ 1−
2ε0 [ x
√R +x
2 2 ]
E1= σ 1−
2ε0
h
[
√ 4a + h2
2 ]
[ ]
= σ 1 − h [here x = h and, R = 2a]
2ε0 2a

Similarly, electric field due to disc (R = a)

E2= σ 1− h
2ε0 ( a )
Electric field due to given disc
E =E1−E2

2ε0 [
σ 1− h − σ 1− h
2a 2ε0]a [ ] = σh
4ε0a
Hence, c = σ
4aε0

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question115
→ ^ ^
The electric field in a region of space is given by, E = E o i + 2E o j
where E o = 100N ∕ C. The flux of the field through a circular surface
of radius 0.02 m parallel to the YZ plane is nearly:
[Online April 19, 2014]
Options:

A. 0.125N m2 ∕ C
B. 0.02N m2 ∕ C

C. 0.005N m2 ∕ C

D. 3.14N m2 ∕ C

Answer: A

Solution:
Solution:
→ ^ ^
E = E o i + 2E o j
Given, E 0 = 100N ∕ c
→ ^ ^
So, E = 100 i + 200 i
Radius of circular surface = 0.02m
2 22 × 0.02 ×
Area = πr = 0.02
7
= 1.25 × 10−3^im2 [Loop is parallel to Y-Z plane ]
Now, flux (ϕ) = E A cos θ
= ( 100^i + 200^j ) . 1.25 × 10−3^i cos θ°[θ = 0°]
= 125 × 10−3N m2 ∕ c
= 0.125N m2 ∕ c

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question116
A spherically symmetric charge distribution is characterised by a
charge density having the following variations:

(
ρ(r) = ρo 1 − Rr for r < R )
ρ(r) = 0 for r ≥ R
Where r is the distance from the centre of the charge distribution ρ0
is a constant. The electric field at an internal point (r < R) is:
[Online April 12,2014]
Options:

ρ
( r2
A. 4εo 3r − 4R
o
)
 ρ
( r2
B. ε o 3r − 4R
o
)
ρ
( r2
C. 3εo 3r − 4R
o
)
ρ
(
r2
D. 12εo 3r − 4R
o
)
Answer: B

Solution:

Solution:
Let us consider a spherical shell of radius x and thickness dx.

Charge on this shell

d q = ρ.4πx2d x = ρ0 1 − x . 4πx2d x
R ( )
( 1 − Rx ) x d x
r
2
∴ Total charge in the spherical region from centre to $r(r q = ∫ d q = 4πρ0 ∫
0

[ x3 − 4Rx ] [ r3 − 4Rr ]
3 4 r 3 4
= 4πρ0
0
= 4πρ0 [
= 4πρ0r3 1 − r
3 4R ]
1 .q
∴ Electric field at r, E =
4πε0 r2
3
= 1 .
4πε0
4πρ0r
r2
[ 1− r
3 4R ] = [
ρ0 r r2
−
ε0 3 4R
]
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question117
The magnitude of the average electric field normally present in the
atmosphere just above the surface of the Earth is about 150N ∕ C ,
directed inward towards the center of the Earth. This gives the total
net surface charge carried by the Earth to be:
[Given ε0 = 8.85 × 10−12C2 ∕ N − m2 , RE = 6.37 × 106m ]
[Online April 9, 2014]
Options:

A. +670kC

B. −670kC

C. −680kC

D. +680kC

Answer: C

Solution:
Solution:
Given,
Electric field E = 150 N/C
Total surface charge carried by earth q = ?
or, q = ∈0 E A
= ∈0 E πr2
= 8.85 × 10−12 × 150 × (6.37 × 106)2 .
≃680K c
As electric field directed inward hence
q = −680K c

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question118
Two charges, each equal to q, are kept at x = −a and x = a on the x -
axis. A particle of mass m and charge q0 = q2 is placed at the origin. If
charge q0 is given a small displacement (y< < a) along the y-axis, the
net force acting on the particle is proportional to
[2013]
Options:

A. y

B. −y
C. 1
y

D. − 1
y

Answer: A

Solution:
Solution:

⇒F net = 2F cos θ

F net =
2kq ( q2 ) .
y
( √y
+a ) √y +a
2 2 2 2 2

F net =
2kq q y
2 ( )(∵y< < a)
(y + a2)3 ∕ 2
2
2
kq y
⇒ 3 So, F ∝ y
a

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question119
Two balls of same mass and carrying equal charge are hung from a
fixed support of length l . At electrostatic equilibrium, assuming that
angles made by each thread is small, the separation, x between the
balls is proportional to:
[Online April 9, 2013]
Options:
A. l

B. l 2

C. l 2 ∕ 3

D. l 1 ∕ 3

Answer: D

Solution:

Solution:

In equilibrium, F e = T sin θ
mg = T cos θ
F q2
tan θ = e =
mg 4π ∈ x2 × mg
0
x∕2
also tan θ ≈ sin =
l
Hence, x = q2
2l 4π ∈ x2 × mg
0
2q2l
⇒x3 =
4π ∈0 mg

( )
1∕3
∴x = q2l
2π ∈0 mg
Therefore x ∝ l1 ∕ 3

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question120
The surface charge density of a thin charged disc of radius R is σ.
The value of the electric field at the centre of the disc is 2∈σ . With
0
respect to the field at the centre, the electric field along the axis at a
distance R from the centre of the disc :
[Online April 25, 2013]
Options:

A. reduces by 70.7%

B. reduces by 29.3%

C. reduces by 9.7%

D. reduces by 14.6%

Answer: A

Solution:

Solution:
Electric field intensity at the centre of the disc.
E = σ
2∈0 (
given )

Electric field along the axis at any distance x from the centre of the disc
E′= σ 1−
2∈0 ( x
√ x + R2
2 )
From question, x = R (radius of disc)
∴E ′ = σ 1 −
2∈0 ( R
√ R2 + R2 )
=
2∈0 (
σ √2 R − R
√2 R )
= 4E
14
∴ % reduction in the value of electric field

=
(
E − 4 E × 100
14 )= 1000 % ≃ 70.7%
E 14

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question121
A liquid drop having 6 excess electrons is kept stationary under a
uniform electric field of 25.5kV m−1. The density of liquid is
 −3
1.26 × 103kg m . The radius of the drop is (neglect buoyancy).
[Online April 23, 2013]
Options:

A. 4.3 × 10−7m

B. 7.8 × 10−7m
7
C. 0.078 × 10− m

D. 3.4 × 10−7m

Answer: B

Solution:

Solution:
F = qE = mg(q = 6e = 6 × 1.6 × 10−19)
mass = m
Density (d ) =
volume 4 3
πr
3
or r = m
3
4 πd
3
Putting the value of d and m = qE
g ( ) and solving we get r = 7.8 × 10 −7
m

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question122
Two point dipoles of dipole moment → →
p and p are at a distance x
1 2
from each other and → →
p ∥ p . The force between the dipoles is:
1 2
[Online April 9, 2013]
Options:

4p p
A. 1 14 2
4πε0 x

3p p
B. 1 13 2
4πε0 x
 6p p
C. 1 14 2
4πε0 x

8p p
D. 1 14 2
4πε0 x

Answer: C

Solution:

Solution:
Force of interaction
6p p
F = 1 . 14 2
4π∈0 r

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question123
In a uniformly charged sphere of total charge Q and radius R, the
electric field E is plotted as function of distance from the centre, The
graph which would correspond to the above will be:
[2012]
Options:

A.
B.

C.

D.

Answer: C
Solution:

Solution:
E in ∝ r
1
E out
∝
r2

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question124
Three positive charges of equal value q are placed at vertices of an
equilateral triangle. The resulting lines of force should be sketched
as in
[Online May 26, 2012]
Options:

A.

B.

C.
D.

Answer: C

Solution:

Solution:
Electric lines of force due to a positive charge is spherically symmetric.
All the charges are positive and equal in magnitude. So repulsion takes place. Due to which no
lines of force are present inside the equilateral triangle and the resulting lines of force obtained as
shown:

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question125
The flat base of a hemisphere of radius a with no charge inside it lies
→
in a horizontal plane. A uniform electric field E is applied at an angle
π
4
with the vertical direction. The electric flux through the curved
surface of the hemisphere is

[Online May 19, 2012]

Options:

A. πa2E

πa2E
B.
√2

2
C. πa E
2√2

2
D. (π + 2)πa2 E
(2√2 )

Answer: B

Solution:
Solution:
We know that,
ϕ = ∮ E . d S = E ∮ d S cos 45°
In case of hemisphere
ϕcurved = ϕcircular
πa2
Therefore, ϕcurved = E πa2 . 1 = E
√2 √2

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question126
Two identical charged spheres suspended from a common point by
two massless strings of length l are initially a distance d (d < < l )
apart because of their mutual repulsion. The charge begins to leak
from both the spheres at a constant rate. As a result charges
approach each other with a velocity v. Then as a function of distance
x between them,
[2011]
Options:

A. v ∝ x−1

B. v ∝ x1 ∕ 2

C. v ∝ x

D. v ∝ x−1 ∕ 2

Answer: D

Solution:

Solution:
From figure
T cos θ = mg ......(i)
T sin θ = F e .......(ii)
Dividing equation (ii) by (i), we get
F
⇒ sin θ = e ⇒ F e = mg tan θ
cos θ mg
kq2 x2mg tan θ
⇒ 2 = mg tan θ ⇒ q2 =
x k
Since θ is small
x
∴tan θ ≈ sin θ =
2l
x3mg
∴q2 = ⇒ q2 ∝ x3 ∕ 2
2kl
⇒ d q α 3 √x d x = 3 √x V
dt 2 dt 2
d q = const.
Since
dt
⇒v ∝ x−1 ∕ 2 [∵q2 ∝ x3]

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question127
A thin semi-circular ring of radius r has a positive charge q
→
distributed uniformly over it. The net field E at the centre O is

[2010]
Options:

A. q ^j
4π2ε0r2

q ^j
B. −
4π ε0r2
2

C. − q ^j
2π2ε0r2

D. q ^j
2π ε0r2
2

Answer: C

Solution:

Solution:
Letus consider a differential element d l subtending at angle d Q at the centre Q as shown in the
figure. Linear charge density
λ= q
Qr
Charge on the element, d q = ( πrq ) d l
= q (rd θ) (∵d l = rd θ)
πr
= ( )
q
π
dθ
Electric field at the center O due to d q is
d E = 1 . d 2q = 1 . q2 d θ
4π∈0 r 4π∈0 πr
Resolving d E into two rectangular component, we find the component d E cos θ will be counter
balanced by another element on left portion. Hence resultant field at O is the resultant of the
component d E sin θ only.
n
∴E = ∫ d E sin θ = ∫ 2q2 sin θ d θ
0 4π r ∈
0
q
= 2 2 [−cos θ]0 π

4π r ∈0
= 2q2 (+1 + 1) = 2q2
4π r ∈0 2π r ∈0
The direction of E is towards negative y -axis.
→
∴ E = − 2q2 ^j
2π r ∈0

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question128
Let there be a spherically symmetric charge distribution with charge
density varying as ρ(r) = ρ0 ( 5
4 )
− Rr upto r = R, and ρ(r) = 0 for
r > R, where r is the distance from the origin. The electric field at a
distance r(r < R) from the origin is given by
[2010]
Options:

A. (
ρ0 r 5
4ε0 3
− Rr )
B.
3ε0 3(
4ρ0r 5
− Rr )
C. (
ρ0 r 5
4ε0 4
− Rr )
D. (
ρ0 r 5
3ε0 4
− Rr )
Answer: A

Solution:

Solution:
Let us consider a spherical shell of radius x and thickness dx.
Due to shpherically symmetric charge distribution, the chrge on the spherical surface of radius x is

(
d q = d V ρ . 4πx2d x = ρ0 5 − x . 4πx2d x
4 R )
∴ Total charge in the spherical region from centre to r(r < R) is

( )
r
5 x 2
q = ∫ d q = 4πρ0 ∫ − x dx
0 4 R

[ ]
3 4
= 4πρ0 5 . r − 1 . r
4 3 R 4
= πρ0r3 5 − r
3 R ( )
∴ Electric field intensity at a point on this spherical surface
E = 1 . q2
4π∈0 r
πρ0r3 5 r ρr 5 r
=
1
4π∈0 r
. 2 ( −
3 R
= 0)
4∈0 3 R
− ( )
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Question129
A charge Q is placed at each of the opposite corners of a square. A
charge q is placed at each of the other two corners. If the net
electrical force on Q is zero, then Q ∕ q equals:
[2009]
Options:

A. -1

B. 1

C. − 1
√2

D. −2√2

Answer: D

Solution:
Solution:
Let F be the force between Q and Q. The force between q and Q should be attractive for net force
on Q to be zero. Let F ′ be the force between Q and q. The resultant of F ′ and F is R. For
equilibrium

Net force on Q at C is zero

→ →
∴ R + F = 0 ⇒ √2 F ′ = −F
Q2
⇒√2 × k Qq = −k
l2 (√2 l)2
Q
⇒ = −2√2
q

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question130
This question contains Statement- 1 and Statement- 2 . Of the four
choices given after the statements, choose the one that best describes
the two statements.
Statement-1: For a charged particle moving from point P to point Q,
the net work done by an electrostatic field on the particle is
independent of the path connecting point P to point Q.
Statement- 2 : The net work done by a conservative force on an
object moving along a closed loop is zero.
[2009]
Options:

A. Statement- 1 is true, Statement- 2 is true; Statement-2 is the correct explanation of

Statement- 1 .

B. Statement- 1 is true, Statement- 2 is true; Statement-2 is not the correct explanation

of Statement- 1 .

C. Statement- 1 is false, Statement- 2 is true.

D. Statement- 1 is true, Statement- 2 is false.

Answer: A

Solution:

Solution:

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question131
Q
Let ρ(r) = r be the charge density distribution for a solid sphere of
πR4
radius R and total charge Q. For a point ′P ' inside the sphere at
distance r1 from the centre of the sphere, the magnitude of electric
field is :
[2009]
Options:

A. Q
4π ∈ 0r12
 Qr12
B.
4π ∈0 R4

Qr12
C.
3π ∈0 R4

D. 0

Answer: B

Solution:
Solution:

Let us consider a spherical shell of thickness d x and radius x. The area of this spherical shell
= 4πx2.
The volume of this spherical shell = 4πx2d x. The charge enclosed within shell

[ ]
d q = Q . 4x [4πx2d x] = 4Q4 x3d x
πR R
The charge enclosed in a sphere of radius r1 can be calculated by

[ ]
r 4 1
Q = ∫ d q = 4Q4 ∫ x3d x = 4Q4 x Q
1
= 4 r14
R 0 R 4 0 R
∴ The electric field at point P inside the sphere at a distance r1 from the centre of the sphere is
E = 1 Q2
4πE r
1

⇒E = 1 [ RQ r ]4 1
4

= 1 Qr 2
4π∈0 r1 2 4π∈0 R4 1

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question132
A thin spherical shell of radus R has charge Q spread uniformly
over its surface. Which of the following graphs most closely
represents the electric field E (r) produced by the shell in the range
0 ≤ r < ∞, where r is the distance from the centre of the shell?
[2008]
Options:

A.

B.

C.

D.
Answer: A

Solution:

Solution:
The electric field inside a thin spherical shell of radius R has charge Q spread uniformly over its
surface is zero.

Q
Outside the shell the electric field is E = k 2 . These characteristics are represented by graph (a).
r

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question133
If gE and gM are the accelerations due to gravity on the surfaces of
the earth and the moon respectively and if Millikan's oil drop
experiment could be performed on the two surfaces, one will find the
ratio
electronic charge on the moon
electronic charge on the earth
to be
[2007]
Options:

A. gM ∕ gE

B. 1
C. 0

D. gE ∕ gM

Answer: B

Solution:

Solution:
It is obvious that by charge conservaiton law, electronic charge does not depend on acceleration
due to gravity as it is a universal constant.
So, electronic charge on earth = electronic charge on moon
∴ Required ratio = 1.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question134
Two spherical conductors A and B of radii 1mm and 2mm are
separated by a distance of 5cm and are uniformly charged. If the
spheres are connected by a conducting wire then in equilibrium
condition, the ratio of the magnitude of the electric fields at the
surfaces of spheres A and B is
[2006]
Options:

A. 4: 1

B. 1: 2

C. 2: 1

D. 1: 4

Answer: C

Solution:
Solution:

When the two conducting spheres are connected by a conducting wire, charge will flow from one to
other till both acquire same potential.
∴ After connection, V 1 = V 2
Q Q Q Q
⇒k 1 = k 2 ⇒ 1 = 2
r1 r2 r1 r2
Q
k 21
E1 r1 E 1 Q 1 r2 2
The ratio of electric fields = ⇒ = ×
E2 Q2 E 2 r 2 Q2
k 2 1
r2
E 1 r1 × r2 2 E r
⇒ = 2 ⇒ 1= 2=2
E2 r ×r E 2 r1 1
1 2

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Question135
An electric dipole is placed at an angle of 30° to a nonuniform
electric field. The dipole will experience
[2006]
Options:

A. a translational force only in the direction of the field

B. a translational force only in a direction normal to the direction of the field

C. a torque as well as a translational force

D. a torque only

Answer: C

Solution:
Solution:

As the dipole is placed in non-uniform field, so the force acting on the dipole will not cancel each
other. This will result in a force as well as torque.

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Question136
Two point charges +8q and −2q are located at x = 0 and x = L
respectively. The location of a point on the x axis at which the net
electric field due to these two point charges is zero is
[2005]
Options:

A. L
4

B. 2L

C. 4L

D. 8L

Answer: B

Solution:

Solution:
At P −K 2q2 + K 8q =0
(x − L) x2
⇒ 1 2 = 42
(x − L) x
1 =2
or
x−L x
⇒x = 2x − 2L or x = 2L
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Question137
A charged ball B hangs from a silk thread S, which makes an angle θ
with a large charged conducting sheet P, as shown in the figure. The
surface charge density σ of the sheet is proportional to

[2005]
Options:

A. cot θ

B. cos θ

C. tan θ

D. sin θ

Answer: C

Solution:
Solution:

T sin θ = qE .......(i)
T cos θ = mg .......(ii)
Dividing (i) by (ii),
tan θ = qE = q
mg mg ε0K ( ) ε Kσq. mg
σ
0
∴σ ∝ tan θ

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Question138
Two spherical conductors B and C having equal radii and carrying
equal charges on them repel each other with a force F when kept
apart at some distance. A third spherical conductor having same
radius as that B but uncharged is brought in contact with B, then
brought in contact with C and finally removed away from both. The
new force of repulsion between B and C is
[2004]
Options:

A. F/8

B. 3F/4

C. F/4

D. 3F/8

Answer: D

Solution:
Solution:

Q BQ C
Initial force, F = K x is distance between the spheres. When third spherical conductor comes
x2
Q Q
in contact with B charge on B is halved i.e., and charge on third sphere becomes . Now it is
2 2
touched to C, charge then equally distributes themselves to make potential same, hence charge on

(
C becomes Q + Q 1 = 3Q .
2 2 )
4

∴F new = k
QC′QB′
= k
3Q Q
4 ( )( )
2 = k3 Q
2

x2 x2 8 x2
3
or F new = F
8

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Question139
Four charges equal to −Q are placed at the four corners of a square
and a charge q is at its centre. If the system is in equilibrium the
value of q is
[2004]
Options:

A. − Q (1 + 2√2 )
2

B. Q (1 + 2√2 )
4

C. − Q (1 + 2√2 )
4

D. Q (1 + 2√2 )
2

Answer: B

Solution:

Solution:
For the system to be equilibrium, net field at A should be zero
√2 E 1 + E 2 = E 3
 kQ × √2 kQ kq
∴ + =
(√2 a)2
( )
2 2
a a
√2

Q √2 Q
⇒ + = 2q ⇒q = Q (2√2 + 1)
1 2 4

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Question140
A charged oil drop is suspended in a uniform field of 3 × 104 v ∕ m so
that it neither falls nor rises. The charge on the drop will be (Take
the mass of the charge = 9.9 × 10−15kg and g = 10m ∕ s2 )
[2004]
Options:

A. 1.6 × 10−18C

B. 3.2 × 10−18C

C. 3.3 × 10−18C

D. 4.8 × 10−18C

Answer: C

Solution:

Solution:
Given, Electric field, E = 3 × 104
Mass of the drop, m = 9.9 × 10−15kg
At equilibrium, coulomb force on drop balances weight of drop.
qE = mg
9.9 × 10−15 × 10
⇒q = mg ⇒ q = = 3.3 × 10−18C
E 3 × 10 4

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Question141
Three charges −q1, +q2 and −q3 are place as shown in the figure.
The x - component of the force on −q1 is proportional to

[2003]
Options:

q2 q3
A. 2
− cos θ
b a2

q2 q3
B. 2
+ sin θ
b a2

q2 q3
C. 2
+ cos θ
b a2

q2 q3
D. 2
− sin θ
b a2

Answer: B

Solution:

Solution:
Force applied by charge q2 on q1
qq
F 12 = k 1 2 2
b
q1q3
Force applied by charge q3 on q1 F 13 = k
a2
The X -component of net force (F x) on
q1 is F 12 + F 13 sin θ
qq qq
∴F x = k 1 2 2 + k 1 2 2 sin θ
b a
q q
∴F x ∝ 22 + 23 sin θ
b a

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Question142
If the electric flux entering and leaving an enclosed surface
respectively is ϕ1 and ϕ2 , the electric charge inside the surface will
be
[2003]
Options:

A. (ϕ2 − ϕ1)ε0

B. (ϕ1 − ϕ2) ∕ ε0

C. (ϕ2 − ϕ1) ∕ ε0
D. (ϕ1 − ϕ2)ε0

Answer: A

Solution:
Solution:
The electric flux ϕ1 entering an enclosed surface is taken as negative and the electric flux ϕ2 leaving
the surface is taken as positive, by convention. Therefore the net flux leaving the enclosed surface,
ϕ = ϕ2 − ϕ1
According to Gauss theorem
ϕ = q ⇒q = ∈0 ϕ = ∈0 (ϕ2 − ϕ1)
∈0

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Question143
If a charge q is placed at the centre of the line joining two equal
charges Q such that the system is in equilibrium then the value of q
is
[2002]
Options:

A. Q
2

B. – Q
2

C. Q
4

D. – Q
4

Answer: D

Solution:
Solution:
At equilibrium net force is zero,
∴k Q × Q2
+ k Qq =0
(2x) x2
⇒q = − Q
4

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Question144
A charged particle q is placed at the centre O of cube of length
L(ABCDE F GH ). Another same charge q is placed at a distance L
from O. Then the electric flux through ABCD is

[2002]
Options:

A. q ∕ 4π ∈0 L

B. zero

C. q ∕ 2π ∈0 L

D. q ∕ 3π ∈0 L

E. (None)

Answer: E

Solution:

Solution:
Electric flux due to charge placed outside is zero. But for the charge inside the cube, flux due to

[ ]
each face is 1 q which is not in option.
6 ∈0
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