Unit 4 - Generative Artificial Intelligence
What is Generative AI?
Generative artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the algorithms that generate new data that
resembles human-generated content, such as audio, code, images, text, simulations, and
videos.
This technology is trained with existing data and content, creating the potential for applications
such as natural language processing, computer vision, the metaverse, and speech synthesis.
Timeline of Generative AI
Generative AI has evolved over several years to reach its current form. Over time,
advancements in neural networks and deep learning techniques have significantly enhanced its
capabilities. From early experiments in generative models to breakthroughs in natural language
processing and image generation, the development of generative AI has been a continuous
journey of innovation and refinement.
Generative AI vs Conventional AI
In contrast to other forms of AI, Generative AI is specially made to produce new and unique
content rather than merely processing or categorizing already-existing data. Here are some
significant variations:
GENERATIVE AI CONVENTIONAL AI
Generative AI creates new content. Conventional AI analyzes, processes, and
classifies data.
Generative AI models use vast libraries of samples Conventional AI employs fewer complex
to train neural networks and other complicated
structures to produce new content based on those
patterns.
Generative AI output is fresh, innovative, and often Conventional AI produces more predictable
unexpected. output based on existing data.
Generative AI benefits art, music, literature, Conventional AI is used in banking,
Gaming and design. healthcare, image recognition, and
language processing.
Types of Generative AI Generative
AI comes in a variety of forms, each with unique advantages and uses. Some of the most
typical varieties are listed below:
● GANs (Generative Adversarial Networks)
● VAEs (Variational Auto encoder)
● RNNs (Recurrent Neural Networks)
● AEs (Autoencoder)
GANs (Generative Adversarial Networks)
GANs are neural networks that collaborate to produce fresh data. Made up of two neural
networks: Generator Network & Discriminator Network
Generator Network :- It produces the data as close as possible to real data.,
Discriminator Networks:- It analyses the data and provides feedback. It takes generated data
and real data as input and distinguish between them until the generator can generate data that
is identical to real data.
These two networks collaborate in a feedback loop.
Examples-
● It creats portraits of non-existing people.
● It converts images from day to night.
● It generates images based on textual description.
● It generates realistic video etc.
VAEs (Variational Auto encoder)
VAEs. is used to produce fresh data, VAEs learn the distribution of the data and then sample
from it.
Examples-
● Generation of new images similar to the given training set.
● Image reconstruction.
● Generating drafts for writer.
● Generating new sounds and music composition.
RNNs (Recurrent Neural Networks)
RNNs are a special class of neural networks that excel at handling sequential data, like music
or text. They function by ingesting past inputs and applying that knowledge to anticipate future
inputs.
Example-
● Generating novel text in the style of a specific author or genre.
● Predicting next character or word in a sequence etc.
AEs (Autoencoder)
These are Neural networks that have been trained to learn a compressed representation of
data They function by compressing data first, then decompressing that compressed data to
restore it to its original form.
Auto encoders can be applied to denoising or picture compression applications.
Examples-
● Artistic image creation,
● Drug discovery by learning and generating molecular structures that have desirable
properties. .
● They generate highly realistic samples.
Examples of Generative AI
Generative AI has many applications, from art and music to language and natural language
processing. Here are some examples of how generative AI is being used in various fields.
Art: Generative AI is being used to create unique works of art.
For example
● AI artists like “AI Portraits” and “DeepArt” used to create stunning images.
● The Next Rembrandt project used data analysis and 3D printing to create a new
painting in the style of Rembrandt.
Music: Generative AI is being used to create new music, either by composing original pieces
or by remixing existing ones.
For example
● AIVA is an AI composer that can create original pieces of music in various genres.
Language: Generative AI is being used to generate new language, such as chatbots that can
hold conversations with users or natural language generation systems that can produce written
content.
Benefits of using Generative AI
Overall, generative AI offers a range of benefits, including increased creativity, efficiency,
personalization, exploration, accessibility, and scalability. By leveraging these benefits,
businesses and organizations can improve their content creation processes and provide better
experiences for their users.
Creativity: Generative AI can assist creatives in pushing the boundaries in making creative
processes more efficient and personalized. This can be particularly valuable in fields such as
art, design, and music.
Efficiency: Generative AI can automate content creation processes, which can save time and
reduce costs compared to traditional manual processes.
Personalization: Generative AI can be used to create personalized content for individual users
based on their preferences and behaviors, such as customized product recommendations or
personalized news articles.
Exploration: Generative AI can be used to explore new design spaces or optimize complex
systems, such as designing new drugs or improving industrial processes.
Accessibility: Generative AI can democratize access to content creation tools, making it easier
for people with limited resources or technical expertise to produce high quality content.
Scalability: Generative AI can be used to generate large volumes of content quickly and
efficiently, making it a scalable solution for businesses and organizations that need to produce
large amounts of content.
Limitations of Using Generative AI
Data Bias : If generative AI is trained on biased or incomplete data, the output may be similarly
biased or flawed. This can lead to inaccurate or problematic results in certain applications, such
as in facial recognition or natural language processing.
Uncertainty: Generative AI can produce unexpected and often unpredictable results, which
can be both a benefit and a drawback.
Computational Demands: Generative AI requires significant computational resources to train
and generate its output, which can be expensive and time-consuming.
Hands-on Activity: GAN Paint ▪ GAN Paint directly activates and deactivates neurons in a
deep network trained to create pictures. The software shows that the network learns about
trees, doorways, and roofs by drawing.
Switching neurons directly shows the network's visual world model.
To use GAN Paint, you will first need to select a base image from the website's library. You can
then use the brush tool to add objects and textures to the image. As you paint, the GAN
network will learn to generate more realistic images.
Generative AI tools
There are many generative AI tools available today that enable users to create and experiment
with generative models. Here are some popular tools:
Artbreeder: Artbreeder is a web-based tool that enables users to generate new images by
combining different GAN models. Users can select and combine different GAN models to create
new and unique images.
Runway ML: Runway ML is a platform for creating, training, and deploying generative models.
It provides a user-friendly interface for building and training various types of generative models,
including GANs, VAEs, and image classifiers.
ChatGPT: It is an AI tool created by OpenAI. It generates responses like humans in real-time
based on the user’s input. It can give natural answers to questions in a conversational tone and
can generate stories, essays and poems.
Gemini : It is a generative multimodal AI model created by Google. Just like ChatGPT,
Google Gemini is designed to understand text images, audio video computer code and more.
Copilot : It is an AI tool designed by Microsoft. It can do all the jobs just like ChatGPT and
Gemini but it focuses more on software development assistance to streamline the coding
process, increase productivity, and assist developers in writing high-quality code faster.
Ethical considerations of using Generative AI
While Generative AI offers many benefits, there are also several ethical considerations that
should be considered when using this technology.
Ownership : There are questions about who owns the content generated by generative AI.This
is particularly relevant in creative fields such as music, literature, or art, where generative AI
can create original works that blur the lines between human and machine authorship.
Human Agency : Generative AI raises questions about human agency and control. As
technology becomes more sophisticated, it may become increasingly difficult to distinguish
between content generated by humans and machines, which could lead to a loss of human
autonomy and agency.
Bias : Generative AI can replicate and amplify existing biases present in the data used to train
the model. This can lead to harmful or discriminatory outcomes, especially if the generated
content is used in high-stakes applications such as hiring, loan approvals, or criminal justice.
Misinformation : Generative AI can be used to create fake news or deep fakes, which can be
used to spread misinformation and manipulate public opinion. This can have serious
consequences for democracy and trust in institutions.
Privacy : Generative AI can potentially be used to generate sensitive personal information,
such as credit card numbers, social security numbers, or medical records. This could be used
for malicious purposes.
The Potential Negative Impact on Society
● Generative AI can be used to create fake news or deep fakes that can spread
misinformation and manipulate public opinion.
● Lead to job displacement for humans who previously performed these tasks.
● Generative AI has the potential to generate sensitive personal information, such as
social security numbers or medical records, which could be used for malicious purposes.
Responsible Use of Generative AI
● Ensuring that the training data used are diverse and representative.
● The outputs are scrutinized for bias and misinformation.
● Prioritizing user privacy and consent,
● Having clear guidelines around ownership and attribution of generative content.
● Engaging in public discussions around the social and ethical implications of this
technology to ensure that it is developed and used in ways that are beneficial to society.
Generative AI Boon or Bane?
AI can be seen as both a boon and a bane, depending on how it is used. On the positive side,
AI has the potential to revolutionize industries, increase productivity, and improve efficiency by
automating repetitive tasks. It can also help solve complex problems in fields like healthcare,
education, and environmental conservation by analyzing vast amounts of data quickly.
However, there are concerns about AI's potential to displace jobs, exacerbate inequalities, and
be misused for malicious purposes. Ethical issues also arise regarding privacy, bias, and
accountability. The challenge lies in harnessing the power of AI while mitigating its risks,
ensuring it benefits society as a whole.
In short, responsible use of Generative AI is essential for ensuring that this technology is
developed and used in ways that benefit society! By emphasizing ethics, creating trust, limiting
negative repercussions, defining legislation, and encouraging innovation, we may maximize
Generative AI’s potential to improve society!
Revision Time
1. What do you understand about Generative Artificial Intelligence? Give any two
examples.
2. Write any two AI tools each for the following-
a. Generative AI image generation tools
b. Generative AI text generation tools
c. Generative AI audio generation tools
3. Give full forms of the following-
a. GANs
b. VAEs
c. RNNs
4. How Generative AI can be helpful in following fields-
a. Architecture
b. Coding
c. Music
d. Content Creation
5. Sakshi has been assigned a homework essay on the topic, “The Impact of Climate
Change on Coral Reefs.” The essay requires Sakshi to research and explain various
aspects of climate change, such as ocean acidification and rising sea temperatures, and
their effects on coral reef ecosystems. His friend suggested using some text generation
tool. List some guidelines for Sakshi to prevent misuse of Generative AI and use it
constructively.
6. How do you think generative AI can revolutionize the creative industry, such as art and
fashion, by enabling the generation of unique and innovative designs?
7. Considering the ethical challenges associated with generative AI, what are your thoughts
on establishing guidelines or regulations to ensure responsible use of these
technologies? How can we balance the potential benefits and risks?
