© 2012 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd. All rights reserved.
This material is protected under all copyright laws as they currently exist.
No portion of this material may be reproduced, in any form or by any means, without permission in writing from the publisher.
16–1. Determine the structure stiffness matrix K for 8 2
the frame. Assume 1 and 3 are fixed. Take E = 200 GPa, 12 kN/m
I = 30011062 mm4, A = 1011032 mm2 for each member. 9 3
1
7
1 2
1
4m 2m
2
10 kN
5
2m
6
3
4
Member Stiffness Matrices.
The orgin of the global coordinate system will be set at joint 1 .
For member ƒ 1 ƒ and ƒ 2 ƒ , L = 4m
AE 0.013200(109)4
= = 500(106) N/m
L 4
12EI 123200(109)43300(10-6)4
= = 11.25(106) N/m
L3
43
6EI 63200(109)43300(10-6)4
= = 22.5(106) N
L2 42
43200(109)43300(10-6)4
= 60(106) N # m
4EI
=
L 4
23200(109)43300(10-6)4
= 30(106) N # m
2EI
=
L 4
4 - 0 0 - 0
For member ƒ 1 ƒ , lx = = 1 and ly = = 0. Thus,
4 4
7 8 9 1 2 3
500 0 0 -500 0 0 7
0 11.25 22.5 0 -11.25 22.5 8
0 22.5 60 0 -22.5 30 9
k1 = F V (106)
-500 0 0 500 0 0 1
0 -11.25 -22.5 0 11.25 -22.5 2
0 22.5 30 0 -22.5 60 3
4 - 4 -4 - 0
For member ƒ 2 ƒ , lx = = 0 and ly = = -1. Thus,
4 4
1 2 3 4 5 6
11.25 0 22.5 -11.25 0 22.5 1
0 500 0 0 -500 0 2
22.5 0 60 -22.5 0 30 3
k2 = F V (106)
-11.25 0 -22.5 11.25 0 -22.5 4
0 -500 0 0 500 0 5
22.5 0 30 -22.5 0 60 6
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© 2012 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they currently exist.
No portion of this material may be reproduced, in any form or by any means, without permission in writing from the publisher.
16–1. Continued
Structure Stiffness Matrix. It is a 9 * 9 matrix since the highest code number is 9. Thus,
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
511.25 0 22.5 -11.25 0 22.5 -500 0 0 1
0 511.25 -22.5 0 -500 0 0 -11.25 -22.25 2
22.5 -22.5 120 -22.5 0 30 0 22.5 30 3
-11.25 0 -22.5 11.25 0 -22.5 0 0 0 4
Ans.
K = I 0 -500 0 0 500 0 0 0 0 Y 5 (106)
22.5 0 30 -22.5 0 60 0 0 0 6
-500 0 0 0 0 0 500 0 0 7
0 -11.25 22.5 0 0 0 0 11.25 22.5 8
0 -22.5 30 0 0 0 0 25.5 60 9
16–2. Determine the support reactions at the fixed 8 2
supports 1 and 3 . Take E = 200 GPa, I = 30011062 mm4, 12 kN/m
A = 1011032 mm2 for each member. 9 3
1
7
1 2
1
4m 2m
2
10 kN
5
2m
6
3
4
Known Nodal Loads and Deflections. The nodal load acting on the
unconstrained degree of freedom (code number 1, 2 and 3) are shown in
Fig. a and b.
0 4
0 5
-5(103) 1
0 6
Qk = C -24(103) S 2 and Dk = F V
0 7
11(103) 3
0 8
0 9
Loads-Displacement Relation. Applying Q = KD,
-5(103) 511.25 0 22.5 -11.25 0 22.5 -500 0 0 D1
-24(103) 0 511.25 -22.5 0 -500 0 0 -11.25 -22.5 D2
11(103) 22.5 -22.5 120 -22.5 0 30 0 22.5 30 D3
Q4 -11.25 0 -22.5 11.25 0 - 22.5 0 0 0 0
I Q5 Y = I 0 -500 0 0 500 0 0 0 0 Y (106) I 0 Y
Q6 22.5 0 30 -22.5 0 60 0 0 0 0
Q7 -500 0 0 0 0 0 500 0 0 0
Q8 0 -11.25 22.5 0 0 0 0 11.25 22.5 0
Q9 0 -22.5 30 0 0 0 0 22.5 60 0
544
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© 2012 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd. All rights reserved. This material is protected under all copyright laws as they currently exist.
No portion of this material may be reproduced, in any form or by any means, without permission in writing from the publisher.
16–2. Continued
From the matrix partition, Qk = K11Du + K12Dk,
-5(103) = (511.25D1 + 22.5D3)(106) (1)
-24(103) = (511.25D2 - 22.5D3)(106) (2)
11(10 ) = (22.5D1 - 22.5D2 + 120D3)(10 )
3 6
(3)
Solving Eqs. (1) to (3),
D1 = -13.57(10-6) m D2 = -43.15(10-6)m D3 = 86.12(10-6) rad
Using these results and applying Qu = K21Du + K22Dk,
Q4 = -11.25(106)(-13.57)(10-6) + ( -22.5)(106)(86.12)(10-6) = -1.785 kN
Q5 = -500(106)(-43.15)(10-6) = 21.58 kN
Q6 = 22.5(106)(-13.57)(10-6) + 30(106)(86.12)(10-6) = 2.278 kN # m
Q7 = -500(106)(-13.57)(10-6) = 6.785 kN
Q8 = -11.25(106)(-43.15)(10-6) + 22.5(106)(86.12)(10-6) = 2.423 kN
Q9 = -22.5(106)(-43.15)(10-6) + 30(106)(86.12)(10-6) = 3.555 kN # m
Superposition these results to those of FEM shown in Fig. a,
R4 = -1.785 + 5 = 3.214 kN = 3.21 kN : Ans.
R5 = 21.58 + 0 = 21.58 kN = 21.6 kN c Ans.
R6 = 2.278 - 5 = - 2.722 kN # m = 2.72 kN # m b Ans.
R7 = 6.785 + 0 = 6.785 kN = 6.79 kN : Ans.
R8 = 2.423 + 24 = 26.42 kN = 26.4 kN c Ans.
R9 = 3.555 + 16 = 19.55 kN # m = 19.6 kN # m d Ans.
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