Properties of Addition, Subtraction, and Multiplication
📘 Properties of Addition
1. Order Property (Commutative Property): You can add numbers in any order; the sum will
be the same.
Example: 6 + 4 = 10 and 4 + 6 = 10
2. Grouping Property (Associative Property): When adding three or more numbers, the way
you group them does not change the sum.
Example: (2 + 3) + 5 = 10 and 2 + (3 + 5) = 10
3. Zero Property (Additive Identity Property): Adding zero to a number does not change its
value.
Example: 9 + 0 = 9
📘 Properties of Subtraction
1. Order Property: Changing the order of numbers changes the answer.
Example: 8 - 5 = 3 but 5 - 8 ≠ 3
2. Zero Property (Subtractive Identity): Subtracting zero from a number gives the same
number.
Example: 12 - 0 = 12
3. Same Number Property: Subtracting a number from itself gives zero.
Example: 7 - 7 = 0
📘 Properties of Multiplication
1. Order Property (Commutative Property): You can multiply numbers in any order; the
product will be the same.
Example: 4 × 5 = 20 and 5 × 4 = 20
2. Grouping Property (Associative Property): When multiplying three or more numbers, the
way you group them does not change the product.
Example: (2 × 3) × 4 = 24 and 2 × (3 × 4) = 24
3. One Property (Multiplicative Identity Property): Multiplying a number by 1 gives the
same number.
Example: 9 × 1 = 9
4. Zero Property: Multiplying a number by 0 always gives 0.
Example: 15 × 0 = 0
