COMMUNITY SERVICE PROJECT

A COMMUNITY SERVICE PROJECT

REPORT ON

AIR POLLUTION
submitted in partial for partial fulfilment of the requirements
for the award of degree of

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
IN
COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
BY
P.HARSHITHA MALLIKA (229Y1A05B8)
P.SIVA DURGA ( 229Y1A05B9)
P.SAI PALLAVI (229Y1A05C0)
P.HARIKA (229Y1A05C1)
under the Esteemed Supervision of
Smt. O.DIVYA[M.TECH] ,
Assistant professor.,
Department of CSE.
 DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE &ENGINEERING
K.S.R.M. COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
(An Autonomous institution affiliated to JNTUA, Anantapuramu)

Kadapa, Andhra Pradesh, India– 516 003

2024-2025

K.S.R.M. COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

(An Autonomous institution affiliated to JNTUA, Anantapuramu)

Kadapa, Andhra Pradesh, India– 516 003

VISION
To evolve as centre of repute for providing quality academic programs
amalgamated with creative learning and research excellence to produce
graduates with leadership qualities, ethical and human values to serve the nation.

MISSION

M1:To provide high quality education with enriched curriculum blended with
impactful teaching-learning practices.

M2:To promote research, entrepreneurship and innovation through industry

collaborations.
M3:To produce highly competent professional leaders for contributing to Socio-
economic development of region and the nation.

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

VISION
To evolve as a recognize centre of excellence in the area of Computer Science
and Engineering and other related inter-disciplinary fields.

MISSION

M1:: To produce competent and industry ready professionals through well

curriculum and innovative pedagogy.

M2::To provide conducive environment for research by establishing centre of

excellence and industry collaborations.

M3:: To install leadership qualities, ethical values among students through

various co-curricular and extracurricular activities.

B. Tech. (COMPUTER SCIENCE&ENGINEERING)

Program Educational Objectives:

B.Tech-Computer Science and Engineering Program Objectives.

A graduate of the K.S.R.M.C.E, C.S.E should have a successful career in CSE or

a related field, and within three to five years, should

PEO1 - : To excel in their career as competent software engineer in IT and allied

organizations.

PEO2 - : To pursue higher education and to demonstrate research temper for

providing solutions to engineering problems.
PEO3 - : To contribute for the societal development by exhibiting leadership,
through professional, social and ethical values.

Program Outcomes

PO1 - Engineering Knowledge: Apply the knowledge of mathematics,

science, engineering fundamentals, and an engineering specialization to the
solution of complex engineering problems.

PO2 - Problem Analysis: Identify, formulate, review research literature, and

analyse complex engineering problems reaching substantiated conclusions
using first principles of mathematics, natural sciences, and engineering
sciences.

PO3 - Design/Development of solutions: Design solutions for complex

engineering problems and design system components or processes that meet the
specified needs with appropriate consideration for the public health and safety,
and the cultural, societal, and environmental considerations.

PO4 - Conduct investigations of complex problems: Use research-

based knowledge and research methods including design of experiments,
analysis and interpretation of data, and synthesis of the information to provide
valid conclusions.

PO5 - Modern tool usage: Create, select, and apply appropriate techniques,
resources, and modern engineering and IT tools including prediction and
modelling to complex engineering activities with an understanding of the
limitations.

PO6 - The engineer and society: Apply reasoning informed by the

contextual knowledge to assess societal, health, safety, legal and cultural issues
and the consequent responsibilities relevant to the professional engineering
practice.
PO7 - Environment and sustainability: Understand the impact of the
professional engineering solutions in societal and environmental contexts, and
demonstrate the knowledge of, and need for sustainable development.

PO8 - Ethics: Apply ethical principles and commit to professional ethics and
responsibilities and norms of engineering practice.

PO9 - Individual and team work: Function effectively as an individual, and

as a member or leader in diverse teams, and in multidisciplinary settings.

PO10 - Communication: Communicate effectively on complex engineering

activities with the engineering community and with society at large, such as,
being able to comprehend and write effective reports and design documentation,
make effective presentations, and give and receive clear instructions .

PO11 - Project management and finance: Demonstrate knowledge and

understanding of the engineering and management principles and apply these to
one's own work, as a member and leader in a team, to manage projects and in
multidisciplinary environments.

PO12 - Life-long learning: Recognize the need for, and have the preparation
and ability to engage in independent and life-long learning in the broadest context
of technological change.

Program Specific Outcomes

PSOs are statements that describe what the graduates of a specific engineering
program should be able to do:

PSO1 - Professional Skills: The ability to understand, analyse and develop

computer programs in the areas related to algorithms, system software,
multimedia, web design, big data analytics, and networking for efficient design
of computer-based systems of varying complexity.
 PSO2 - Problem-Solving Skills: The ability to apply standard practices and
strategies in software project development using open-ended programming
environments to deliver a quality product for business success.

PSO3 - Successful Career and Entrepreneurship: The ability to employ

modern computer languages, environments, and platforms in creating
innovative career paths to be an entrepreneur, and a zest for higher studies.

Course Outcomes

CO1. Understand core concepts and research findings relative to human

development, Socialization, group dynamics and life course processes.

CO2. Identify and transfer existing ideas into new contexts and applications.
CO3. Apply and transfer academic knowledge into the real-world.
CO4: Design a component or a product applying all the relevant standards
and with the Realistic Constraints.

CO-PO Mapping

Course Outcome Program Outcomes Program Specific Outcomes

PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO 10 PO 11 PO 12 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3

CO1 3 3 3 3 3 2 3 1 2

CO2 2 1 1 2

CO3 2 1 1 2

CO4 2 1 1 2
 KSRM COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
(An Autonomous institution affiliated to JNTUA, Anantapuramu)

Kadapa, Andhra Pradesh, India– 516 003

CERTIfICaTE
This is to certify that the Community Service Project Report I entitled

AIR POLLUTION
is the bona fide work done & submitted by

P. Harshitha Mallika (229Y1A05B8)

P. Siva Durga (229Y1A05B9)
P. Sai Pallavi (229Y1A05C0)
P. Harika (229Y1A05C1)

in the Department of Computer Science and Engineering,

K.S.R.M.C.E, Kadapa and is submitted to Jawaharlal Nehru Technological
University Anantapur, Ananthapuramu in partial fulfilment of the
requirements for the award of degree of Bachelor of Technology in Computer
Science and Engineering during 2022-2026.

Supervisor Head of the Department

O.Divya,M.tech, A.RamPrakashReddy,Mtech[Ph.d] ,
Assistant professor, Dept of Cse. Professor &HOD of Cse.
 DECLARATION

We hereby declare that this Community Service Project-I report titled” AIR POLLUTION ” is
a genuine Community Service project-I work carried out by us, in B. Tech (Computer
Science and Engineering) degree course of Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University
Anantapur and has not been submitted to any other course or University for the award of any
degree by us.

Signature of the Student

P.Harshitha Mallika
P.Siva Durga
P.Sai Pallavi
P.Harika
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
An endeavor over a long period can be successful only with the advice and supports of
many well-wishers. We take this opportunity to express our gratitude and appreciation
to all of them.We are extremely thankful to our beloved Managing Director
Dr.CHANDRA OBULREDDY GARU who took keen interest and encouraged us in every
effort throughout this course.
We are deeply indebted to the supervisor, O.DIVYA , M.Tech.., Assistant Professor,
Department of Computer Science and Engineering for valuable guidance,
constructive criticism and keen interest evinced throughout the course of our
Community Service project work. We are really fortunate to associate ourselves with
such an advising and helping guide in every possible way, at all stages, for the
successful completion of this work.
We express our deep sense of gratitude to A.RAM PRAKASH REDDY, M.Tech.,
(Ph.D)., Professor and Head of Department of Computer Science and Engineering
for his valuable guidance and constant encouragement given to us during this
Community Service project and the course.
We take this opportunity to express our deep gratitude and appreciation to all those
who encouraged us for successfully completion of this Community Service Project
work. We wish to express our sincere to gratitude to Dr. T NAGESWARA PRASAD,
M.Tech., Ph.D. Vice Principal of K.S.R.M.C.E, Kadapa and Dr. V.S.S. MURTHY,
M.Tech., Ph.D. Principal of K.S.R.M.C.E, Kadapa and for their consistent help and
encouragement to complete the Community Service project work.
We are pleased to express our heart full thanks to our faculty in Department of CSE
of KSRMCE for their moral support and good wishes.
Finally, we have a notation to express our sincere thanks to friends and all those who guided, inspired
and helped us in the completion of our project.

P.Harshitha Mallika (229Y1A05B8)

P.Siva Durga (229Y1A05B9)

P.Sai Pallavi (229Y1A05C0)

P.Harika (229Y1A05C1)
 CONTENTS

TITLE PAGE NO

ABSTRACT

LIST OF FIGURES

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION

CHAPTER 2 AIR POLLUTION

2.1 Causes of air pollution

2.2 Effects of air pollution

CHAPTER 3 IMPACTS OF SPECIFIC AIR POLLUTANTS

CHAPTER 4 OVERVIEW OF COMMUNITY

CHAPTER 5 POLLUTION IN BALAJI THERMAL POWER PLANT

CHAPTER 6 PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION

CHAPTER 7 PROPOSED METHODS FOR PROBLEM SOLUTION

CHAPTER 8 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

CONCLUSION

REFERENCES
 ABSTRACT
Thermal power plants, primarily coal-based, are a significant source of electricity
in many regions, including rural areas. However, their establishment in villages
often leads to severe environmental consequences, particularly air pollution. The
combustion of coal in these plants releases harmful pollutants such as sulfur
dioxide (SO₂), nitrogen oxides (NOx), particulate matter (PM), and carbon dioxide
(CO₂), which degrade air quality and pose serious health risks to the local
population. Villagers exposed to these emissions frequently suffer from
respiratory diseases, cardiovascular problems, and other health issues.
Moreover, air pollution from thermal power plants also contributes to climate
change and acid rain, affecting agriculture and biodiversity in rural ecosystems.
This paper examines the extent of air pollution caused by thermal power plants in
villages, its impacts on public health and the environment, and potential
mitigation strategies such as adopting cleaner technologies, emission controls,
and transitioning to renewable energy sources to reduce pollution and safeguard
rural communities.

FIG 1.1: POLLUTION IN THERMAL POWER PLANT

 LIST OF FIGURES

Figure Page
Title
No. No.
FIG. 1.1 Article on Agriculture today 6

FIG. 1.2 Impact of pesticides use in agriculture 7

FIG. 1.3 Questionnaire 8

FIG. 1.4 AGRI-DISHA 11

 CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
Air pollution is one of the major concerns for people all around the world, with
various sources contributing to the menace globally. Among these, Thermal
power plants is one of the chief point sources of air pollution all over the world.
Unfortunately, with the ever-growing capacity of these power plants, our country
is also witnessing extreme contaminations of air around their vicinities. Release
of these hazardous emissions in the atmosphere contributed by the electricity
generation in the thermal power plants is a serious concern and possesses threat
to a large percentage of human life, biodiversity and environment. The present
study focuses on the various types of anthropogenic emissions that are emitted
from these thermal power plants and also sheds light on its negative impacts on
environment and human health. Several solutions have been presented to
prevent, control and mitigate these impacts and possible alternatives have also
been suggested. Furthermore, this study highlights the prevailing problems in the
policy making and legislations regarding air pollution in the country and also
addresses the shortcomings in the management of the pollution at the plant level.
Stringent actions for the compliance of the emission standards, more
transparency regarding the air quality data between the stakeholders and
general public, regular monitoring of air quality, enforcing new and stricter
policies as well as revision of the existing Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)
procedures are some of the key takeaways for dealing of air pollution

FIG 1.2: ENVIRONMENT IN DIFFERENT CONDITIONS

 CHAPTER 2
CAUSES OF AIR POLLUTION
Thermal power plants are significant contributors to air pollution. The major
causes of air pollution from these plants include:

1. Burning of Fossil Fuels: Thermal power plants primarily burn coal, oil, or
natural gas to produce electricity. The combustion of these fuels releases
pollutants such as sulfur dioxide (SO₂), nitrogen oxides (NOₓ), and carbon
monoxide (CO).

2. Particulate Matter (PM): The burning of coal generates ash and soot, which
are released as fine particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) into the atmosphere.
These particles can cause respiratory issues and contribute to smog formation.

3. Sulfur Dioxide (SO₂) Emissions: Coal, especially high-sulfur coal, releases

significant amounts of sulfur dioxide during combustion. SO₂ contributes to acid
rain, which damages ecosystems and infrastructure.

4. Nitrogen Oxides (NOₓ) Emissions: The high-temperature combustion in

thermal power plants leads to the formation of nitrogen oxides. NOₓ contributes
to ground-level ozone formation and smog, which can impair lung function and
exacerbate respiratory diseases.

5. Carbon Dioxide (CO₂) Emissions: Thermal power plants are major sources of
CO₂, a greenhouse gas. CO₂ emissions from the combustion of fossil fuels
contribute to global warming and climate change.

6. Heavy Metals: Coal contains trace amounts of heavy metals like mercury,
arsenic, and lead. When coal is burned, these metals are released into the air as
toxic pollutants, which can have severe health impacts.

7. Fly Ash and Bottom Ash: Apart from gaseous emissions, thermal power plants
produce large amounts of ash. Fly ash can become airborne and contribute to
particulate pollution, while bottom ash can lead to secondary pollution through
leaching into water bodies.
8. Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs): These compounds are released during
combustion and contribute to the formation of ground-level ozone and smog.

9. Incomplete Combustion: Inefficient combustion processes can lead to the

release of unburnt hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, and other harmful
pollutants.

The combination of these emissions from thermal power plants poses a

significant threat to air quality, human health, and the environment.

EFFECTS OF AIR POLLUTION

Thermal power plants, which primarily burn fossil fuels like coal, oil, and natural
gas, are a major source of air pollution. Their emissions have numerous
environmental and health effects, some of which include:

1. Health Impacts:
Respiratory Issues: The particulate matter (PM), sulfur dioxide (SO₂), nitrogen
oxides (NOx), and other pollutants emitted can penetrate deep into the lungs,
causing respiratory problems such as asthma, bronchitis, and other chronic lung
diseases.

Cardiovascular Problems: Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) can enter the

bloodstream, leading to increased risks of heart disease, stroke, and high blood
pressure.

Premature Death: Long-term exposure to high levels of air pollutants is

associated with higher rates of premature death, particularly from heart and lung
diseases.

Impact on Children and Elderly: The elderly and children are particularly
vulnerable to air pollution, suffering from weakened immune systems and
developmental issues, respectively.
2. Environmental Effects:
Acid Rain Formation: Thermal power plants emit large amounts of SO₂ and NOx,
which contribute to acid rain when they combine with moisture in the atmosphere.
Acid rain damages ecosystems, affecting soil, forests, freshwater sources, and
aquatic life.

Smog Formation: NOx and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from these
plants react in the presence of sunlight to form ground-level ozone (smog). This
can reduce visibility and harm plant life, while also causing respiratory problems
in humans.

Global Warming: Carbon dioxide (CO₂) is a major greenhouse gas emitted by

thermal power plants. The large quantities of CO₂ contribute significantly to
global warming, which drives climate change, leading to severe weather
patterns, rising sea levels, and ecosystem disruptions.

Degradation of Soil and Water Quality: Fly ash and other residues from power
plants, if not managed properly, can contaminate nearby water bodies and soil,
affecting agriculture and aquatic life.

3. Effects on Agriculture:
Crop Damage: Pollutants such as ozone, sulfur dioxide, and particulate matter
can harm plant growth, reducing crop yields by affecting photosynthesis and
plant respiration.

Soil Degradation: Acid rain and the deposition of heavy metals from air pollutants
degrade soil quality, making it less fertile and affecting agricultural productivity
in the long term.

4. Biodiversity Loss:
Pollutants from thermal power plants can destroy ecosystems, leading to a
reduction in species diversity. Acid rain, smog, and contamination of water
bodies can severely damage plant and animal habitats, threatening the survival
of various species.
5. Economic Costs:
The health care costs associated with treating illnesses caused by air pollution
are substantial. Furthermore, reduced agricultural productivity and damage to
infrastructure from acid rain add to the economic burden on affected regions.

Mitigating these effects involves improving power plant technologies, using

cleaner fuels, employing pollution control devices like scrubbers and filters, and
transitioning to renewable energy sources such as wind, solar, and hydroelectric
power.
 CHAPTER 3
IMPACTS OF SPECIFIC AIR POLLUTANTS
Some articles were published on the impacts of Specific air pollutants. One of the
article is shown below:

FIG 1.3: LITERATURE REVIEW

Air pollutants can have various harmful effects on human health, the environment,
and the climate. Here are the impacts of some specific air pollutants:

1. Particulate Matter (PM2.5 and PM10)

Health Impacts: Fine particles (PM2.5) can penetrate deep into the lungs and even
enter the bloodstream. They can cause respiratory issues, cardiovascular
diseases, lung cancer, and premature death. Coarse particles (PM10) mainly
affect the respiratory system.

Environmental Impacts: Particulate matter contributes to poor visibility (haze)

and can deposit on water bodies, changing the chemistry and affecting aquatic
life.
2. Nitrogen Oxides (NOx)
Health Impacts: Nitrogen oxides irritate the respiratory system, increase
susceptibility to respiratory infections, and can exacerbate asthma. Long-term
exposure is linked to reduced lung function and chronic lung diseases.

Environmental Impacts: NOx contributes to the formation of ground-level ozone

(a key component of smog) and acid rain. It also leads to eutrophication in water
bodies, disrupting aquatic ecosystems by causing algal blooms that deplete
oxygen levels.

3. Sulfur Dioxide (SO2)

Health Impacts: Exposure to sulfur dioxide can lead to shortness of breath, throat
irritation, and aggravation of existing lung diseases like asthma and bronchitis.

Environmental Impacts: SO2 is a primary contributor to acid rain, which damages

ecosystems, including forests and aquatic habitats. It also accelerates the
deterioration of buildings and monuments made of limestone and marble.

4. Carbon Monoxide (CO)

Health Impacts: Carbon monoxide reduces the amount of oxygen carried by the
blood, leading to symptoms like dizziness, confusion, headaches, and at high
levels, it can cause death. It particularly affects people with heart conditions and
foetuses.

Environmental Impacts: Though it has minimal direct environmental impact, CO

contributes to the formation of ground-level ozone when it reacts with other
pollutants.

5. Ozone (O3)
Health Impacts: Ground-level ozone is a potent respiratory irritant. It can cause
breathing difficulties, aggravate asthma, reduce lung function, and increase the
risk of respiratory infections.

Environmental Impacts: Ozone harms vegetation, reducing agricultural yields

and forest growth. It can also damage ecosystems by affecting the growth of
sensitive plant species.
6. Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)
Health Impacts: Many VOCs are toxic or carcinogenic (e.g., benzene,
formaldehyde). Exposure to these compounds can cause respiratory irritation,
headaches, dizziness, and in some cases, long-term health issues like cancer.

Environmental Impacts: VOCs contribute to the formation of ground-level ozone

and smog. They can also contaminate soil and water sources, posing risks to
ecosystems.

7. Lead
Health Impacts: Lead exposure can cause severe neurological and
developmental damage, particularly in children. It can lead to cognitive
impairment, learning disabilities, behavioral problems, and in extreme cases,
seizures and death.

Environmental Impacts: Lead can accumulate in the soil and water, affecting
plants, animals, and aquatic ecosystems. It can also enter the food chain,
impacting wildlife and human health.

8. Ammonia (NH3)
Health Impacts: High concentrations of ammonia can irritate the respiratory
system and eyes, and long-term exposure can lead to lung damage.

Environmental Impacts: Ammonia contributes to the formation of fine particulate

matter (PM2.5) and is a major contributor to eutrophication, which can degrade
water quality and disrupt aquatic ecosystems.

9. Carbon Dioxide (CO2)

Health Impacts: CO2 is not toxic at typical ambient levels but can be harmful at
high concentrations, displacing oxygen and causing suffocation in confined
spaces.

Environmental Impacts: As a major greenhouse gas, CO2 is a key driver of climate

change, leading to global warming, sea-level rise, and disruptions to ecosystems.
 CHAPTER 4
OVERVIEW OF THE COMMUNITY
Chennur is a small town situated in the Kadapa (Cuddapah) district, which is part
of the Rayalaseema region in Andhra Pradesh.The area has a semi-arid climate,
with hot summers and moderate winter.The Penna River flows nearby, which
influences the local agriculture. Agriculture is the primary economic activity, with
crops like groundnuts, sunflower, cotton, and other seasonal crops being
grown.Small-scale industries and trade related to agriculture also contribute to
the local economy.Chennur, like most of Kadapa district, reflects traditional
Telugu culture with influences from both the historical Vijayanagara Empire and
the later rule of the Nawabs of Kadapa.The town has a predominantly Telugu-
speaking population, with a mix of Hindu and Muslim communities. The population
of Chennur village is approximately 5,000 to 6,000 people. The village generally
follows the trend seen in rural Andhra Pradesh, with a near-equal gender ratio.
The literacy rate in Chennur is below the national average, with efforts being
made to improve education through government schools and other initiatives.

FIG 1.4 : OVERVIEW OF CHENNUR VILLAGE

 CHAPTER 5
POLLUTION IN BALAJI THERMAL
POWER PLANT

The Balaji Thermal Power Plant is a significant coal-fired power station located in
Kadapa district, Andhra Pradesh, India. It is operated by RTPP (Rayalaseema
Thermal Power Plant) and is part of the state's energy infrastructure, contributing
to power generation needs.

Key Facts and Information:

1. Location:
The Balaji Thermal Power Plant is situated in the Muddunur Mandal of the Kadapa
District, near the Rayalaseema region, which is known for its power generation
plants.

FIG 1.5: BALAJI THERMAL POWER PLANT, CHENNUR

2 .Ownership and Operator:
The plant is owned and operated by Andhra Pradesh Power Generation
Corporation (APGENCO).

3. Capacity:
The plant has a total installed capacity of 1,050 MW, with units designed to
generate a large portion of power consumed by the state of Andhra Pradesh.

The plant features coal-fired boilers and steam turbines that are essential for
producing electricity.

4. Fuel Source:
The primary fuel used in the Balaji Thermal Power Plant is coal, sourced mainly
from Singareni Coalfields in Telangana and other nearby coal mines. The plant
uses domestic coal to minimize transportation costs and ensure efficient power
generation.

5. Environmental Impact:
many coal-fired power plants, it faces environmental challenges, such as
emissions of sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and particulate matter
(PM2.5 and PM10).

Efforts have been made to comply with environmental standards through the
installation of electrostatic precipitators and flue gas desulfurization (FGD)
systems to reduce air pollution.

Challenges and Future Prospects:

Environmental Concerns: Like other coal-fired plants, the Balaji plant faces
challenges related to carbon emissions, air pollution, and water usage, prompting
calls for adopting cleaner technology and transitioning to renewable energy.
Coal Supply: Reliable coal supply remains a critical issue for the smooth
operation of the plant, as coal shortages can impact power production.

FIG 1.6: EMISSION OF GASES IN POWER PLANT

Renewable Energy Push: As India focuses on expanding its renewable energy

portfolio, thermal plants like Balaji may face the challenge of balancing economic
viability and environmental responsibilities.

In summary, the Balaji Thermal Power Plant is an important energy asset for
Andhra Pradesh, but it also highlights the broader challenges faced by coal-fired
power stations regarding environmental impact and future sustainability in the
context of a global shift toward cleaner energy sources.
 CHAPTER 6
PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION

We conducted a comprehensive survey in Chennur village to gather data on air

pollution that is to be caused by thermal power plant. The survey was carried out
over time period of 2 days. Our team visited households and interacted directly
with community members to ensure accurate and insightful responses.

The questions that are asked in the survey are:

1.Are you aware that air pollution can be caused by the thermal power plant
nearby?

2.How long has the thermal power plant been operating near your village?

3.Have you or anyone in your family experienced health problems (like coughing,
asthma, or breathing difficulties) since the power plant started operating?

4.Have you noticed any increase in respiratory issues in the village, especially
among children and the elderly?

5.Do you experience eye irritation or skin problems that you believe may be
related to air quality?

FIG 1.6 [A]: INTERACTION WITH VILLAGERS

6.Have you noticed any changes in the air quality (visibility, smell, dust) since the
thermal power plant began its operations?

7.Has there been a change in crop yields or quality since the plant became
operational?

8.Has the thermal power plant created any job opportunities for villagers?

FIG 1.6[B] AND [C]:

INTERACTION ON AIR POLLUTION DUE TO THERMAL PLANT

 CHAPTER 7
PROPOSED METHODS FOR PROBLEM
SOLUTION

The methods that our team proposed regarding air pollution from thermal power
plants are in a simple and practical manner. Here are some straightforward
precautions that were shared with them:

1. We advised villagers to stay indoors as much as possible, especially when

they see smoke or thick air coming from the power plant, to reduce
exposure to harmful pollutants.
2. We encouraged them to cover their nose and mouth with a cloth or mask
when they go outside near the power plant to reduce inhaling harmful dust
and smoke.
3. We suggested them to plant trees around homes and fields, as trees can
help clean the air by absorbing some pollutants and providing fresh oxygen.
4. We advised villagers to keep windows and doors closed when they notice
smoke or dust coming from the power plant to prevent polluted air from
entering their homes.
5. We suggested them to limit outdoor activities like playing, working, or
gathering near the power plant, especially when there is visible pollution in
the air.
6. We ensured villagers to use clean water for drinking and washing, as
pollutants from the air can settle in water sources. Boiling water or using
covered wells can help reduce contamination.
7. We encouraged villagers to wash their face, hands, and clothes after
returning from outside, especially if they've been near the power plant, to
remove any pollutants that may have settled on their skin and clothing.
8. If they use indoor cooking stoves, we suggested them to install small
chimneys or ventilation to reduce indoor air pollution, which can add to the
pollution from outside.
 CHAPTER 7
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
BEST METHODS TO REDUCE AIR POLLUTION
Short-Term Solutions:
1. Regular maintenance of pollution control equipment.

2. Installation of real-time air quality monitoring systems.

3. Increased green cover around the plant.

4. Alternative fuel sources (e.g., biomass, natural gas).

5. Improving plant efficiency to reduce emissions.

Long-Term Solutions:
1. Transition to renewable energy sources (solar, wind, hydro).

2. Implementing advanced pollution control technologies.

3. Relocation of the plant to a less populated area.

4. Closure of outdated or inefficient plants.

5. Community-led energy cooperatives for decentralized power generation.

Community-Led Initiatives:
1. Establishing community-managed air quality monitoring stations.

2. Organizing health camps and awareness programs.

3. Developing community-led sustainable agriculture projects.

4. Promoting eco-friendly industries and entrepreneurship.

5. Creating community-led waste management systems.

Policy Changes:
1. Stricter emission norms and enforcement.
2. Increased transparency in pollution reporting.

3. Public hearings for environmental impact assessments.

4. Incentives for renewable energy adoption.

5. Community consultation in decision-making processes.

Social and Cultural Interventions:

1. Community engagement and awareness programs

2. Traditional practices for sustainable living

3. Eco-education and training programs

4. Community-led conservation initiatives

5. Cultural events promoting environmental stewardship

These proposals demonstrate the villagers' commitment to mitigating air pollution

from thermal power plants.

CONCLUSION
In conclusion, our community service project on air pollution caused by thermal
power plants has shed light on the significant environmental and health impacts
of emissions. Through research, outreach, and collaboration with local
stakeholders, we have emphasized the need for cleaner energy alternatives and
stricter regulations to mitigate pollution. The project has not only raised
awareness but also empowered the community to take action toward improving
air quality. Moving forward, continuous monitoring, advocacy for sustainable
practices, and policy reforms will be crucial in reducing the harmful effects of
thermal power plant emissions and ensuring a healthier environment for all.
 REFERENCES
Here are some reference links for information on air pollution caused by
thermal power plants:

• World Health Organization (WHO) - Air Pollution and Health

https://www.who.int/health-topics/air-pollution#tab=tab_

• United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) - Emissions from

Power Plants

https://www.epa.gov/clean-air-act-overview/electricity-and-environment

• Center for Science and Environment (CSE) - Air Pollution from Coal-
Based Thermal Power Plants

https://www.cseindia.org/air-pollution

• International Energy Agency (IEA) - Air Pollution from Power Plants

https://www.iea.org/topics/energy-and-environment

• National Green Tribunal (NGT), India - Environmental Regulations for

Thermal Power Plants

https://www.greentribunal.gov.in

• Greenpeace - Coal and Air Pollution

https://www.greenpeace.org/usa/global-warming/issues/coal/

• International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) - Air Pollution

and Thermal Power Plants

https://www.iisd.org/articles/insightair-pollution-thermal-power-plantss

• The World Bank - Energy & Air Pollution

https://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/energy/publication/energy-air-