AN EXAMINATION OF THE CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES PRESENTED

BY E-BANKING AND DIGITALIZATION FOR BANKS AND CUSTOMERS

BACHELOR OF ARTS & BACHELOR OF LAWS (B.A.LL. B (Hons.))

Submitted by

SHIVANI CHAUHAN
B.A. LL.B (Hons.)
Section: - ‘B’
11110101356

Under the Supervision of

Ms. Sanmati Rathore

Lecturer
PIMR, DOL, Indore

November 2024

DEPARTMENT OF LAW, PRESTIGE INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT

AND RESEARCH, INDORE

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 TABLE OF CONTENT

LIST OF STATUTES………………………………………………………………………...3

CHAPTER:1 SUMMARY OF THE STUDY……………………………………………….3

1.1 Abstract……………………………………………………………………………………3
1.2 Statement of the Problem………………………………………………………………….3
1.3 Scope of the Study…………………………………………………………………………4
1.4 Significance of the Study…………………………………………………………………..4
1.5 Objectives of the Study…………………………………………………………………….4

CHAPTER:2 INTRODUCTION……………………………………………………………5

2.1 Introduction………………………………………………………………………………..5

2.2 Literature Review…………………………………………………………………………5

2.3 Methodology of the study…………………………………………………………………6

CHAPTER:3 ELECTRONIC BANKING & WORKING………………………………..7

3.1 What is e-Banking………………………………………………………………………..7

3.2 Evolution of Banking……………………………………………………………………..7

3.3 Kinds of e-Banking……………………………………………………………………….8

3.4 Service provided by e banking……………………………………………………….…..11

CHAPTER:4 ADVANTAGES & DRAWBACKS OF e-BANKING……………………..12

4.1 Advantages of e-Banking…………………………………………………………………12

4.2 Drawbacks of e-Banking………………………………………………………………….14

4.3 Preserving Privacy & Security in Online Banking………………………………………..16

CHAPTER :5 COCLUSION & RECOMMENDATION…………………………………17

REFERENCES……………………………………………………………………………...19

1
 LIST OF STATUTES
Statutes

 Banking Regulation Act, 1949

 Constitution of India, 1950
 The Companies Act, 2013
 The Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999
 The Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016
 The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881
 The Securities and Exchange Board of India Act, 1992
 The Transfer of Property Act, 1882

Electronic Banking and Digital Payment Laws

 Payment and Settlement Systems Act, 2007 (India)

 Electronic Fund Transfer Act, 1978 (EFTA) (United States)
 General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) (European Union, for data protection in
digital banking)
 IT Act, 2000 (Provisions related to cybersecurity in banking) (India)

Reports and Committees

 Global Committees and Reports

 Indian Committees and Reports on Banking
 UK and European Committees
 US Committees and Reports
 Specialized Areas in Banking Law

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 CHAPTER :1
SUMMARY OF THE STUDY

1.1 Abstract
E-banking is simply the electronic channel of any financial institution that offers various digital
platforms through which banks provide their services to their customers over the Internet
through websites, mobile applications, and other online banking tools. This has generally
transformed the nature of work of the industry as well as customer access towards financial
services. Digitalization refers, in a broader sense, to the complete assimilation of new
technologies such as AI, block chain, big data, and cloud computing, that should make banking
more efficient, secure, innovative, and easily accessible to everyone. It brings along with it a
set of benefits for both banks and customers: improved accessibility, cost efficiency, higher
speed of transactions, and the ability to create personalized products in terms of financial
services and products. But there are also challenges to the digitalization of banking, including
cybersecurity breaches risks, invasion of customer data risks, non-compliance with regulations,
and a digital divide that might also limit access for particular communities. As financial
institutions continue embracing digital tools and strategies, the future of banking will lie in
growing interconnections, data, and customers, bringing new opportunities and risks for
stakeholders within the ecosystem of financials. The paper discusses the main elements,
benefits, difficulties, and future trends of e-banking and digitalization on how they transform
both banks and its customers.1

1.2 Statement of the Problem

There is a great unknown about how the customers perceive the digital banking services of
Standard Bank Ltd. Though the growth pace of the e-banking sector in Bangladesh has been
explosive, that acts as a barrier to unknown interpretations. It is very important to examine the
factors that influence consumers' attitudes, preferences, and usage patterns toward e-banking
platforms in order to identify possible obstacles and opportunities for improving service
delivery and, thus, customer happiness.

1
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/379522887_E-
Banking_Consumer_Perception_Towards_Digital_Banking_With_Reference_to_Standard_Bank_Ltd/link/660d
5ebb10ca86798737e264/download?_tp=eyJjb250ZXh0Ijp7ImZpcnN0UGFnZSI6InB1YmxpY2F0aW9uIiwicG
FnZSI6InB1YmxpY2F0aW9uIn19

3
1.3 Scope of the Study
The study highlights how Bangladeshi customers perceive online banking services of Standard
Bank Ltd. The survey consists of knowledge, usage pattern, satisfaction, trust, perceived
benefit, and perceived risk involved in online banking. A sample of Standard Bank Ltd.
customers is also offered surveys or questionnaires as part of the quantitative research method
applied in the study. Moreover, 150 surveys were distributed for Standard Bank Ltd. customers,
and 100 responded to them.

1.4 Significance of the Study

The conclusions made from the research will be highly insightful about customer preferences
and emotions with regard to the services offered by Standard Bank Ltd. through their online
banking. The questionnaire will bring out areas where the e-banking websites need changes
and how the loyalty and satisfaction of the clients may be improved. The evidence can help
Standard Bank Ltd. and other financial agencies determine what kinds of digital banking
services would be the most appropriate to offer and serve changing customer's demands in this
digital age. To examine the issues, the study intends to contribute toward existing knowledge
about e-banking as well as provide relevant recommendations to upgrade experiences of
Bangladeshi customers while using digital banking services.

1.5 Objectives of the Study

 To measure usage and awareness of the e-banking facility provided by Standard Bank
Ltd. among its customers.
 What determines the perception and attitude of the customers toward the online banking
service is determined.
 To investigate relationships between consumer adoption of e-banking, perceived risks,
and advantages.
 Measure the levels of customers' satisfaction and confidence toward the reliability and
security of the E-banking platforms offered by Standard Bank Ltd.
 Propose changes such that the e-banking services can be improved and problems arising
from the complaints of customers would be resolved so that their overall experience is
enriched.

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 CHAPTER :2
INTRODUCTION
2.1 Introduction:
This transformation doesn't apply only to the technology, but also has an impact on the general
gamut of industries: the banking sector also underwent a significant change. At the forefront
of change are e-banking and digitalization, opening the door to complete transformation in the
operations of financial institutions and customers receiving their financial services. From the
traditional bank branch to fully digitalized platforms, the evolution of online banking has
transformed the transaction process, as well as how financial products are delivered and
customer experience is improved.

E-banking (electronic banking) encompasses all those ways of providing banking services
using mainly websites plus applications on mobile phones to ensure that a customer is able to
bank online. This has transformed banking as such operations as opening accounts, moving
money about, paying bills, and even managing investments can be executed from anywhere
with an internet-enabled computer. That means it is more than just the online services; it
represents adoption of emerging technologies such as AI, block chain, big data, and cloud
computing with the purpose of streamlining back-end efficiency, security, and innovation of
new financial services.

It means greater flexibility and control for customers to access banking services from their
homes, on the go, or anywhere, on demand. To the bank, it provides an outlet for more efficient
cost-cutting measures and new business models that may extend services to a tech-savvy and
ever-more mobile customer base. Nevertheless, with the digital shift comes challenges: robust
cybersecurity, regulatory frameworks, and addressing a digital divide that may keep certain
populations from full access to banking services.

In this shifting landscape, electronic banking and digitalization are not trends anymore but
ingredients one can no longer avoid if they want to be current in their dealings with the bank,
be it petty operations or long-term planning. So, banking is promising a future even more
connected, efficient, and customer focused and the best possible exploitation of the ceaselessly
emerging opportunities.2

2
https://developers.bri.co.id/en/news/digital-banking-definition-benefits-and-challenges

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2.2 Literature Review
A lot of academic writings have undergone the documentation of growth in e-banking, coupled
with a still ongoing process of the digitization of banking services. In this regard, several
studies have placed under the microscope various advantages, difficulties, and technology
influences affecting this current banking environment.

This paper aims to provide a review of literature summarizing the overall research and
hypotheses on the effects of e-banking over banks and consumers and the course that the
changes will take as the financial industry continues its process of digitalization.

2.3 Methodology of the Study

The data was gathered by conducting both quantitive and qualitative methodologies, primary
and secondary sources. The most updated version of Microsoft Excel and statistical software
was employed for data analysis.

a) Primary Sources

 direct interview with appropriate personnel.

 Record in Bangladesh from the official source of Standard Bank Limited.
 Professional judgment supported by relevant information.
 Informal conversation with customers

b) Secondary Resources

 Secondary sources are used for collecting the study's data. Study the files.
 Desk labour.
 The annual reports of Standard Bank Limited.
 Various publications of Standard Bank Limited.
 Numerous periodicals and books.
 Books, Articles, and Websites

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 CHAPTER :3
ELECTRONIC BANKING AND WORKING
3.1 What is e-Banking?
E-banking, also known as online banking or digital banking, refers to the process of conducting
various financial operations via a digitized mechanism, such as through the internet, an
application on one's mobile phone, or other devices that consist of electronics. It allows users
to access and manage their financial accounts with no need to visit a physical bank branch to
perform other banking exercises.

In simple words, it is the banking that allows people and companies to easily and safely take
care of their financial matters from anywhere online. Such included a wide range of financial
services from very simple ones such as money transfers and checking account balances up to
more intricate ones like loan applications, investments, and money transactions abroad.

3.2 Evolution of Banking

When online banking services emerged in the 1990s, first enabling users to check their accounts
and make simple online transactions, this marked the commencement of official e-banking in
its first phase. In one of the pioneering studies regarding this issue, Lichtenstein and
Williamson (2006) synthesized that cost savings, gains in operational effectiveness, and the
possibility to extend more clients were the primary motivations by which the utilization of e-
banking was encouraged in banks. Electronic banking services have gained momentum in the
more advanced modes, such as online applications for loans, management of credits, and
payment options. According to Venkatesh et al. 2003, in their Technology Acceptance Model,
it is observed that perceived utility and ease of use played major roles in fostering the
acceptance of e-banking service by the customers.

Zhao et al. (2019) and Sathye (2005) recently pointed out that bank digitization is not only the
provisioning of online banking services but also a set of further advanced technologies related
to AI, ML, blockchain, and big data analytics. They have enabled banks to process their
business efficiently with more efficient customer personalization, better outcomes in operation,
and enhanced effectiveness in risk management strategies. Digitalization, therefore is not only
providing new channels to customers but also applying digital instruments in innovation and
transformation of core banking functions.

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3.3 Kinds of e-Banking

E-banking, or electronic banking in general, is a type of a wide range of banking services that
allow account holders to view, update, and process banking operations remotely, by using
various media. All this is done without going to the bank, and very fast, flexible, and easy. It
is what appeals to customers. The main types of online banking services are as follows.

a) Internet Banking Definition: Accessing and managing a bank's accounts with a computer
or a mobile browser via the bank's website or online portal.

Principal features:

 .Preparing a written record of transactions and balances.

 Transferring funds from one account into another.
 Making utility and bill payments
 Applying for mortgages, credit cards, or loans
 Acquisition of electronic copies of bank statements.
 Access and managing retirement savings and investments.

Example: A customer inputs his or her login credentials and then visits his or her bank's
website to fulfil some functions, such as making a payment, reviewing the statement of his
credit card, or transferring some money.

b) Definition of Mobile Banking: A subcategory of e-banking which one carries the

functions of a bank account through smartphones or tablets primarily through mobile
applications from the banks.

Principal features:

 All functions can be performed through internet banking, but it is more mobilized.
 Mobile cheque deposit (the ability to deposit a cheque through the picture).
 Instant alerts about transactions made by accounts
 Site based services (to find out how many ATMs/Branches are located in or around the
location).
 Peer-to-peer or P2P financial transfers using some service such as Venmo or Zelle.
 Contactless payments based on a mobile wallet like Apple Pay or Google Pay would
be based on an NFC base.

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Example: a customer can pay off his bill using his bank's mobile app or check his balance or
send money.

c) ATM Banking: ATMs are one of the electronic banking systems through which customers
can perform basic banking operations using automatic machines that are hooked up to the
central system of a bank through electronic media, even when they are located at some
place.

Main features:

 Withdrawing and depositing cash.

 Balance your queries.
 Money transfer from one account to another account.
 printing of brief statements.
 PIN-based transaction security.

For instance: a customer walks to an ATM and uses their debit card, either checking his or
her balance or taking cash out of it.

d) Telephone Banking (IVR Banking) Definition: Telephone banking is the process of

maintaining and accessing bank accounts over the phone, either by chatting with a
customer support agent directly or by using an automated system (IVR, or Interactive
Voice Response).

Important attributes:

 automated transaction history and account balance queries.

 Bill payments and money transfers.
 Loan requests and questions.
 More sophisticated devices have voice command capabilities.

As an illustration: a consumer dials their bank's phone banking service, inputs their account
details, and requests a balance check or money transfer.

e) E-Wallet and Payment Services Definition: An e-wallet is one of the forms of electronic
platforms that contain most of the information regarding different payments and can make
a transaction or pay a bill through using a computer or even a mobile device.

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Key characteristics:

 Can store multiple payment cards, such as bank accounts, debit cards, and credit cards
 Can use Near Field Communication technology or QR codes to pay at point-of-sale
locations or online.
 Connect with coupon, deals and loyalty programs.
 Help make payments contactless and secure .

Examples:

Apple Pay: Making use of the NFC technology which will see people pay through their
smartphone or wearables.

Google Pay: An online and offline point-of-sale payment system compatible with a mobile
device.

PayPal: An electronic payment service that allows customers to pay online or even transfer
money.

f) Corporate or Business Internet Banking: Corporates e-banking supplements the

conventional banking services and provides a business house with safe online applications
through which it may perform its financial activity, such as cash flow management,
payment to the vendors, payroll remunerations, etc.

Key features:

 monitoring of payroll or any employee remuneration and managing multiple accounts

 making huge transactions, including international payments
 accounting software that can integrate with this system for easy financial reporting
 credit lines and corporate financing.
 high-level financial analysis and cash flow tracking.

For instance: A small business has suppliers that are paid through a corporate banking
platform from a bank, transfers the salary of employees and also management business loans.

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3.4 Service provided by e- banking:

E-banking can be accessed via websites and mobile applications from quite a number of digital
platforms, offering quite a rich host of easy and secure services for customers to manage their
financial affairs remotely. Account management is a primary feature-ability to check
transaction histories, as well as viewing and downloading statements on accounts. E-banking
reduces complexity and related costs significantly in interbank transfers and on external bank
accounts, but more importantly offshore accounts. For example, it gives online bill payment,
periodic payments, and automatic utility and credit card payments among others to the
customers. E-banking also offers easy accessing for lending and credit services whereby the
customer can apply for mortgages, credit cards, and personal loans among other services
besides tracking repayments. Investors on e-banking platforms can trade securities, monitor
their investments, and receive financial advice from robo-advisors.

E-banking systems also pay much attention to security, with features like two-factor
authentication, encryption, and biometric login protect the private data of customers. In
addition, mobile banking services provide customers with such options as digital wallets, for
example, Apple Pay or Google Pay, to make contactless payments, quick P2P transfer, and
even check deposit. Business banking services are also provided, and they enable organizations
to make bulk payments, conduct payroll, and manage multiple accounts. E-banking, for
example, provides international services since there are available options for international
transactions and foreign exchange. Users can control their personal and company accounts at
any convenient time since e-banking, in general, creates accessible, effective, and safe financial
transactions.

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 CHAPTER :4

ADVANTAGES AND DRAWBACKS OF E- BANKING

4.1 Advantages of e-banking

Advantages of e banking for Customers:

 Convenience and accessibility: Access and control over money from anywhere in the
world and at any time through a good internet connection is possible with e-banking.
For customers who are too time-poor or geographically remote, it offers unrivalled
convenience by eliminating the need to visit branches. At anytime, consumers can pay
bills, transfer funds, check their balances, and even apply for loans.
 Time-Saving: E-banking extensively reduces the time spent on banking transactions.
Rather than requiring lengthy paperwork or trips to a bank branch, activities such as
checking account balances, paying payments, and transferring funds can be completed
in a matter of minutes.
 Cost-Efficiency: Unlike traditional banking, which charges a person for personal
transactions, check-writing fees, and even bank statements among others, online
banking services are mostly cost-free or very expensive. E-banking presents cost
efficiency, and this is reflected in low fees to the customers.
 Improved Security: Whereas such related financial and personal information is
accessed by customers, e-banking systems ensure that this is accomplished using
cutting-edge security technologies like encryption, two-factor authentication (2FA),
and biometric verification. Once more, handling the actual cash as practiced in more
conventional banking leaves little doubt about its safety.
 Real-Time Transactions: Customers may conduct transactions in real time, meaning
that transfers go through either instantaneously or within a couple of minutes. This is
helpful for the management of cross-time-zone accounts, quick transfers to pay a bill,
and the like.
 Personalized Banking: Many e-banking platforms provide customized experiences by
analyzing the client's transaction data through the portal. In fact, low balance alerts,
financial advisory notices, reminders of payment of invoices and other upcoming
payment related items, etc., may arise through this. All this builds up customer
satisfaction by such customized services.

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 Ease of record keeping: The customers can easily download statements, view
transaction histories, and monitor financial activities online. This greatly enhances the
management of personal budgets, tax preparations, and tracking of spending activities.
 Mobile Banking and On-the-Go Services: Consumers can now run their accounts
remotely using their cell phones or tablets thanks to mobile banking applications. This
is ready to cater for peer-to-peer transfers, contactless payments, and even mobile check
deposits; the customers are now able to have real time account monitoring.
 Environmental Benefits: With e-banking, banking will become more ecological and
environment friendly because it eliminates paper-based statements, cheques and
receipts.

Advantages of e banking for Bankers (Banks and Financial Institution)

 Cost Saving: Banks can save significantly on costs such as rent, utilities, and even
staff needed to run the physical branches by banking electronically. Banks can
therefore increase efficiency in their operations and offer much cheaper services if
most of their transactions are taken to the net.
 Productivity and Efficiency: Digital banking systems automate many tasks, such
as recording client interactions, management accounts, and processing transactions.
Due to this automation, employees of banks can concentrate on more valuable
pieces of work, like advisory services and customer service, and at the same time
reduce manual work and improve the efficiency of the operations.
 A greater customer base and reach: This is because with e-banking, banks can
touch customers who are in much wider ranges than before, not only at the rural or
other less accessible places, but perhaps are not easily reachable at all the
conventional bank offices. This helps the banks to reap a wider audience and secure
more clients, particularly in emerging markets.
 Data and Analytics in Real Time: With the help of e-banking, a bank can collect
the real-time analytics of market trends, transaction patterns, and client behavior.
More customized financial solutions could be proposed through this analyzed data;
also risk management can be improved, and precisely targeted campaigns are
possible from marketing activities, and customer needs better understand.

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  E-banking facilitates the banking institutions to provide their services faster and
more responsive. Through automation, faster services allow banks to become more
responsive to customer needs in a timely manner to satisfy their needs using
automated virtual assistants, online chat support, and easy access to consumer data.
 Enhanced Safety and Prevention of Fraud: Bank safety and prevention from
fraud against their clients as well as against themselves has been ensured with the
advance security system of e-banking, which may include multi-factor
authentication and transaction monitoring. E-banking technology techniques are
quite safer than the traditional methods of banking where chances of physical theft
or frauds are quite low.
 Flexibility and Scalability: Because of their flexibility, banks can increase their
number of customers without increasing the number of branch infrastructures. In
this regard, because digital systems can accommodate countless volumes of
transactions, banks can grow more easily and adopt to market demands.
 Opportunity of Cross Selling and Up Selling: Banks can be aware of the financial
habits and affinity by the use of e-banking data. They increase revenue by cross-
selling and upselling pertinent financial products such as credit cards, loans,
insurance, and investments.
 Availability 24/7: The availability of the bank does not depend upon the hours of
operation of the branch. Since services are offered even after office hours through
e-banking, this aspect becomes especially relevant for those customers who are
utilizing the services by staying in different time zones or for those who need urgent
access to their accounts within out-of-office hours.

4.2 Drawbacks of e banking

Electronic banking, or e-banking, has some disadvantages despite its convenience and
accessibility. Here are a few possible drawbacks:

 Safety Issues
Cyber-attacks: Online banking will be vulnerable to hacking, phishing, and malware
attacks that would compromise online data and result in financial loss.
Identity Theft: Your identity could eventually be stolen because of exposing your
confidential and financial information.

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 Weak Passwords: The users who are in the habit of reusing their passwords or using
weak passwords are open to a remote possibility of allowing unfavorable individuals to
gain access into their accounts.
 Technical Problems
Servers Down: The electronic banking websites may not be allowed or enabled
sometimes.
Internet is Not Available: They do not work sometimes in specific areas.
Software Compatibility: It may not support a particular banking application in all
devices and operating systems.
 Inadequate Communication Face-to-Face
No Human Interaction: With the absence of physical contact, it becomes difficult for
the customers to resolve complex problems.
Communication Delays: In comparison with face-to-face support, chatbots or email
support can be considerably delayed in their response times.
 Digital Literacy Requirement
E-banking will be scary for those not digitally literate or not tech-savvy.
Some old age people will not easily embrace digital banking.
 Transaction Mistakes
Transaction mistake: It is easy to make a mistake without human interference such as
entering wrong account number or amount.
Fraudulent transactions: Fraudsters could get the user to send money to a fake account.
 Costs
Investment in Opening a Bank: The establishment, security, and management of e-
banking systems cost capital expenditure and may be one of the pass-on charges to
customers.
Hidden Charges: The users may not know all the hidden charges from some of the
services online.
 Technology-Dependence
Device Damage or Theft: One may not be able to access and view e-banking services
in case a device having e-banking apps and account details is lost.
Battery and Maintenance-Related Problems: There is dependency on working devices;
sometimes devices may not work because of hardware or battery problems.

15
  Privacy Concerns
Monitoring and Using Information: Some e-banking apps collect information about
their users, which raises privacy concerns.
Third Party Vulnerability: The more you link the financial services to third-party
applications, the higher the possibility of leaking data.

4.3 Preserving Privacy and Security in Online Banking

Growing penetration and adoption of online banking services necessitates very strong security
measures and protects the privacy of its customers. Banks and other financial institutions need
to make highly comprehensive security measures in order to protect consumer information and
online transactions from hacking by miscreants and unauthorized access.

Multi-factor authentication is perhaps the most critical aspect in terms of security of digital
banking systems. Users availing themselves of this method, prior to accessing their accounts,
will need to authenticate many forms of identification: a password, biometric identification,
like a fingerprint or facial recognition, or one-time code issued to their registered mobile
device. In a layered security strategy, this reinforces the overall security of the finance platform
and reduces the occurrence of unwanted access tremendously. Apart from multi-factor
authentication, the most advanced encryption technologies that digital banking solutions offer
protect customer information during transmission and storage without any risk of security
failure. Using the industry-standard encryption protocols, banks can ensure that no breach or
cyber-attack will uncover secret customer information.

16
 CHAPTER :5
CONCLUSION & RECOMMENDATION
In a nutshell, therefore, e-banking has really revolutionaries the financial landscape to make
access to effective and convenient banking services by clients in all places worldwide. With all
these advantages of e-banking, problems such as the digital divide, technological difficulties,
and cybersecurity threats persist. This would only happen if customers embraced safety
practice, banks invested in modern technology and customer care, and the regulator assured a
secure and accommodating digital banking environment. E-banking might potentially continue
to evolve as a reliable and necessary tool in current financial management together.

Recommendation:

The following recommendations should be considered to make online banking more effective
and secure:

For Customers

 Create strong and distinct passwords and apply MFA for added security.
 Increase your knowledge of newly arising cyber threats, including malware and
phishing.
 Check accounts regularly, in case you can spot and report the suspicious activities to
your bank.
 Advise or seek support to increase your awareness on e-banking systems and cyber
competency.

Regarding Banks

 Invest in strong cybersecurity defenses, such as fraud detection, encryption, and

frequent security audits.
 User interfaces should be made simpler to make them accessible to people with
different degrees of technical knowledge.
 Offer complete customer service, including round-the-clock help through a variety of
channels.
 Inform clients of service prices and charges in a clear and concise manner.

17
For Policymakers and Regulators

 Enforce stringent adherence to cybersecurity and data protection regulations throughout

the banking industry.
 Start public awareness efforts to inform people about secure online banking procedures.
 Encourage digital inclusion by lending assistance to initiatives that provide access to
internet and technology, particularly in underprivileged communities.

18
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%20or%20mobile%20apps.

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challenges-of-digital-banking

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