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J^.Sun^Slf.^ ..139 j a Marut, 89, 170; represents spirit, 117; Mitra
and Varuna, 118f.; curses Urvasi, 162; weapon a razor, 123; gift to
Skanda, 230; Agastya refuses to be his son, 185; Mitra, mitram, for
Citra, 92, 160; gods with Mitra names, 68, 89. Mitrasaha, see
Kalmasapada. Mitravat, a demon, 84. Mlecchas, come from Vena,
slain by Visnu, 166, 218. Moksa, 34. Mole, lucky sign on cheek, 82.
Monkeys, see Apes. Monotheism, see Trimurti. Moon, Candra,
Candramas, Soma, 8, 55; leads stars, 56, 82, 93; demoniac, 48, 62,
199; Candra as Soma or not, 82, 93; as witness, 66, 91; worship of,
55; makes fog, 91; as deified man, 64; day of, is Indra's, 32? 69, 92;
Kamyastami, 16; auspicious days, 69 f.; divided (week), 70; festival,
196; mark or shadow on, 80 f., 89 f., 135; one must not look at, 69,
106; moon and planets, 86, 90; phases of, 101 f.; and ocean, moon-
rite, 92, 102; Soma, son of Atri, 90 f., 185; father of Dadhimukha,
Budha, etc., 15, 91 ; offerings to Soma Pitrmat, 31 f., 56; rapes Tara,
52, 89; lord of priests and plants, 82, 90 f.; leads gods, beauty and
world of, 56, 60, 92; wife and wives of, 53, 63, 83, 90, 199; fighting
god, Aditya, and ruler of waters, 81, 89 f.; steeds of, 92; car of, 117;
crescent as bow, 124; godship limited, 179;
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254 INDEX. moon-stone, 92; Somaand Agni, 146 f.; and

Gandharvas, 155; and Sun, 207; adorns Siva, form of Siva, 222; gift
of Soma to Skanda, 228, 230; epithets of, lotus-lord, etc., 90; Soma
as Lokapala, 149 f. See Pitrs, Simvali, Soma, and words beginning
with Soma-. Morality-play, see Drama. Mothers, of Siva, 52; seven
hosts of Skanda's, 53; Saura matrs and Mothers of Bhuts, 89;
Kauberyah, 145; creative Mothers, 199; cult of Mother-goddes, 226.
See Aditi, Cornmother, Siva, Skanda, Uma. Mountains, 8; rubbed
bare by elephants, 18; White Mt., 25f., 45, 105; abode of gods, 59;
Kalagni on Mealy avat, Vayu on Hemakuta, 99; mts. hold earth, are
Earth's ear-rings, 79; not owned by any one, 80; tracks of gods on,
59; of Savitri's foot, 86; mts. re ceive sin, 131 ; make gift, 230;
Indra's mts., 141. See Asta, Himavat, Kailasa, Kiratas, Munjavat,
Vindhya, etc. Mourning, see Funeral. Mrgavyadha, a Rudra, 173.
Mrkandu, father of Markandeya, 188. Mrtyu, see Death and Yama.
Mucukunda, 139; fights with Kubera, 147, 183. Mudgala, 67, 141.
Mudita Raksasas, 45; Mudita, wife of Saha Apa, 101. Muka, a
demoniac Naga, 52. Mukunda, Visnu, 165. Mules, steeds of Siva,
223. Muni, daughter of Daksa, mother of Apsarasas and
Gandharvas, 62, 76, 120, 152, 159, 199; a son of Ahar, 170; a son
of Apa, 171; Muni or Manu, 170, 199; Munis (saints), 34, 143; as
Gandharvas, 154; as Rsis, 177, 186; the Seven Munis, 186; around a
king, 187. Munivirya, an All-god, 174. Munjavat, mountain, 160.
Mura, Muru, with Naraka, etc., 41, 51, 215, 217. Music, in religious
ceremonies, 72; charm of, 147; heavenly, 163; of Gandharvas, song,
152 f.; of Apsarasas, 159 f.; lute of Visvavasu, 154; Chalikya song,
161; nymphs sing Ramacarita, 161; music and dance in Siva-cult,
223. See Dance. Mustika, demon, 215, 217. Nabhaga, conquers
earth, 139; son of Manu, 201. Nabhoda, an All-god (?), 174.
Naciketa, 113. Nadijangha, crane, son of Kasyapa, friend of Indra,
184. Nagas, 10, 15, 17 f.; and Garuda, 21 f.; as men, 23 f., 27, 46;
sons of Varuna and Surasa, 120, 200; live in water, inVaruna's home,
26, 118; in heaven, 60; hide treasure, 149; with Yaksas, 148; with
Asuras, 47, 52; enslaved by Asuras, 51; with Siddhas, etc., 186; as
Mahoragas with gods, 175; appear as arrows, 27; steal the ear rings
of Aditi, 50; frightened by Agni, 107; support earth, 80; live in trees,
72; flowers offered to, 68; connected with Mothers, 226; adorn Siva,
222; as Indra's weapons, 124; Dhrtarastra best of, 126; Naga as a
Sadhya, 175; Nagadatta or -danta, an Apsaras, 160; Nagadhanvan,
home of Nagas, 27; Nagadvipa, 11, 27 ; Nagahvaya, Nagahva,
Hastinapur, 28; Nagaloka, 26, 99; Nagamatr, Surasa, 28, 44;
Nagatirtha, 149. Nagnajit, Krsna's father-in-law, a Gandhara, 215.
Nahusa, Naga, 24; seer with evil eye, 26, 45, 150; royal son of Ayus,
131, 162; father of Dhruva, etc., 53; sacri fices to Visvakarman, 81;
tries to outdo Indra, 126; cursed by Agastya, 130, 185; kills a cow
for sacrifice, 131; Indra and Brhaspati plan to oust him, 150; besung
by Gandharvas, 156; name of a Marut, 170. Naigamesa, -meya, 103,
227 f., 229 f. Nails, not to be bitten, 69. Nairrtas, demons of under-
world, 39, 41, 44 f., 109, 142 f., 199; created by Kubera, 147, 148,
note; -ti dik, 45. See Nirrti. Naksatras, lists of, 93. See Stars. Nakula,
son of an Asvin, 167 f. Nala, 25, 62 f. Nalakubara, 142; wife of, 143.
Nalim, Ganges, 5f.; Kubera's lake, 142.
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INDEX. 255 Name, power through knowing meaning of,

182. Namuci, brother of Maya, 48 f.; son of Vipracitti and Simhika,
ib., 97, 132 f.; son of Danu, 199; slain by Indra with foam, 122, 125,
132; confused with Vrtra, 129 f. ; sermon of, 132 ; a seer of the
South, 177. Nanda, cowherd, 216; officer, with Upanandaka, of
Skanda, 230. Nanda, Delight, wife of Joy, 199; an Apsaras, 160.
Nandaka, Visnu's sword, 206, 215. Nandana, grove of Indra or of
Kubera, 130, 139, 141 f., 143, 158; attendant of Skanda, 230. Nandi,
a Gandharva, 153. Nandini, cow, 17, 141, 182. Nandisvara, Siva,
173, 222; attendant of Siva, 42; of Kubera, 143; as man, 146. Naptr,
an All-god (?), 174. Narada, a heavenly being, (cloud) mes senger,
62, 153 f., 157, 163, 188; son of Brahman, 190; son of Muni or of
Virini, 189, 199; curse of, 25; wor ships gods, 55; hymn of, 88;
tenets of, 178; contest with Varuna, 121; born of Visnu, 188; as Rsi
in Visvamitra family, 177 f., 183; relation to Parvata and Sukumari,
188; reveals Krsna's divinity, 213; Avatar, 218; makes music for Siva,
222; journeys with Matali, 125; foments quarrels, 188. Naraka, a
Raksasa, with Ogha, 41, 48; Bhauma, 50f.; world of, 60; relation to
Earth and ear-rings, 79, 81 ; slain by Indra, 125; and by Visnu, 140,
215f.; as Yama's world or hell, 108 f., 112; Naraka, a demon, 200.
Naras, spirits, 145, 152, 158; Nara as Lokapala, 152, note; as
Arjuna, 213. See Narayana. Narasimha, see Man-lion. Naravahana.
Kubera, 142 f., 145. Narayana, place of spirits, 14, 23, 145;
Lokapala, 152, note; throttles Siva, 226; father of Naraka, 51;
husband, Visnu, of Laksmi, 63; maya of, 160; UrvasI as daughter of,
164; Brahman as form of, 197; as boar, 210; as God, 203; one with
Visnu, 206, 208; hairs of, produce Krsna and Balarama, 210, 212;
Nara and Narayana, 213; Logos as emanation of, 216; Narayanas as
Gopalas, 214. Narmada, Nerbudda river, 5, 10, 13, 65, 103, 187; a
Gandharvi, 156. Nasatya, ,,healeru, name of an Asvin, 168 f.;
nasatya birth, 169, 200. See Nose. Nata, mother of Vinata, 23.
Naubandhana, see Deluge. Nidagha, month, 53. Nidhis, of Kubera,
143; Nidhlsa, Nidhipala, 144, 146. Night, time of evil spirits, 37, 43;
divine, 53; witness, 66; invoked as goddess, 131; as creative power,
Asikni, 190; Kalaratri, 115; fall of Visnu's eyelid is night, 208. See
Brahman, day of.. Nikasa, mother of Raksasas, 42. Nikrti or Nirrti, a
Vasu, 170. Nikumbha, son of Prahlada, father of Sunda, 15, 48, 133,
199; an All-god, 174. Nikumbhila, Gaitya, goddess, 225. Nila, 10, 14;
son of Agni, 62, 104; or son-in-law, 103; mountain, 186. Nllakantha,
see Siva. Nimi, Atreya, king of Mithila, patron of Gautama, 32, 116,
183; curse of, 179. Nirrti, 41; devi, mother of Death, 109, 199; hell,
148; as Lokapala, 149; as a Rudra, 173; as a Vasu, see Nikrti.
Nisadas, people, 29, 166. Nisadha, mountain, 10; a people, 22.
Nisakara, a Garuda, 22; a seer, 187. Nisatha, son of Balarama, 212.
Niscyavana, fire, 100. Niskusita or -karsin, a Marut, 170. Nisunda,
Asura, 216. Nivatakavaca demons, 47, 50, 213. Nivrtti saints, 202.
Niyata, see Kratu. Niyati, Fate as controlling power, 74. Northern
Kurus, see Uttara Kurus. Nose, birth through, mark of birth, 169. See
Nasatya birth. Nrga, becomes lizard, 108, 188, 214 f. Nrsadgu,
Maharsi, 177. Nrsimha, see Man-lion. Nyagrodha, tree, form of
Visnu, 6f., 208. Nymphs, girls of heaven, 141. See Apsarasas.
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256 INDEX. Oath, of Brahman, 196; taken before Brahman,

198. Ocean, Sagara Aiksvaka, son of Brah man, or Samudra, 4, 6,
121 f.; as Muni, 187; four or seven oceans, 11, 122; of milk, 24,
119, 200, 207; churn ing of, 28 f., 121, 200; cursed to have
monsters and be salt, 121 f., 135; ocean and Mare's Head, 180;
challen ged, 49, 121; attacked by Skanda, 121; husband of Ganges.
63, 118, 121; lord of rivers, 56; and Sagara, goes to hell, 121; in
invocation, 80; restores life, 113; ocean and moon, 92; and Varuna,
117 f., 121 f.; drunk up by Agastya and by Utathya, 121, 185; Atri
tries to fathom, 184; gives boons, 121; gift of Samudra and of
Sagaras, 230. Offerings, see Sacrifice. Ogha, slain by Rama and by
Krsna, 41, 215. Oghavati, river, 5; royal daughter of Oghavat, 103.
Ogres, 40. Om or Aum, as Veda, 195. Omens, from birds, 19, 103;
from sounds, 42, 72; broken vessels unlucky, 76; from flowers, 99;
padmahasta auspi cious, 205; from rainbow, 124; from Fata
Morgana, 157; from moon, 93; from stars and planets, 179, 182.
See Mole. Orissa, caves of, 103. See Kalinga. Oxus, river, 4, 6.
Padma, Naga, 24; a Nidhi, 142 f. Pairs, of gods, 81. See Trimurti.
Paka, 52; demon slain by Indra, 134. Palala, a Mother, 229. Palm,
standard of Balarama, 212. Pampa, land, 159. Pancacuda, an
Apsaras, 160. Pancajana, Daitya conquered by Krsna, 214;
Pancajanya, shell of Krsna, 206, 215. Paiicaka, see Satkara.
Pancakalakartrpati, title of Visnu, 218. Pancaratras, 88, 213;
Samkhya, 186; -ratrika, 218. Pancasikha, saint, 156; -sikha,
daughter of Sandilya, 188. Pancavirya, an All-god (?), 174. Pandus,
40. Pandya, slain by Krsna, 215. Panika and Panitaka, attendants of
Skanda, 230. Pannagas, see Serpents. Para, river, 183.
Paramakrodhin, an All-god, 174. Paramarsis, 177; as stars, ominous,
179; chief is Sanatkumara, 181. Paramesthin, as Visnu, 207;
Paramesthyas, Rsis, 178. Parasara, seer, 188. Parasu-Rama, 211. See
Rama Jamadagnya. Paratapana, a Marut, 170. Paravasu, a seer of
Indra, 138. Parigha, an attendant of Skanda, 230. Parijata. tree, 7;
from ocean, 55; Indra robbed of, 140, 214, 216. Parivyadha, a seer
of Varuna, 120. Pariyatra, mountains, 8. Parjanya, son of Muni, 13,
199; as Indra, 55, 138; agricultural god, 64; gives rain, 78, 127 f. ;
as Aditya, 81 f.; younger brother of Pusan, 83; as a Gandharva, 153.
Parnada, seer, class and individual, 177. Parnasa, river, 5, 120.
Parnika and Parnim, Apsarasas, 159 f. Parrot, 19 f.; faithful to tree,
137; form of Apsaras, 163. See Suki. Parsni, an All-god, 174. Parvan
days, holy, 87, 91. Parvata, Maharsi, 177f., 188; a Vasu, 170; a
Gandharva, 153 f., 157 f.; ,, father" of Ravana, as mountain, 92. See
Narada. Parvati, Urn a, 224. Pasupati, see Siva; Pasupata religion,
226. Patala, home of Vainateyas, 22; navel of Nagaloka, 26 ; city in,
50 ; location of, 61, 119; evil demons in, 111; earth sinks into, 210;
home of Pan cajana, 214. Path, northern and southern, of moon and
sun, 35; of gods, 59; of Pitrs, 70. Pathikrt, Agni, 102. Paulastya
demons, 39, 41. See Pulastya. Paulomas, 47, 50; Paulomi, see Saci.
Pausamasa rite, 92. Pavakas, five, 101. See Agni. Pavana, an All-
god, 174. See Vayu.
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INDEX. 257 Pavam, river, 5. Payosm, river, 4, 65, 73.

Peacock, 21; flesh not eaten, 69; as psychopomp, 109; as love-bird,
167; in cult of Siva and Skanda, 224-, 227. See Mayura, Maurava,
Maurya. Perfumes, see Incense. Persian name of Sun, 89. Phalguna,
marriage-month, 69. Phallus, see Siva. Phenapa Rsis, 33 f., 177;
followers of Narada, 178. Philosophy, of Manu and Bhrgu, 179.
Physiology, of Atri, 185. Pictures, see Citralekha. Pigeon, 20, 103 f.;
discourse of, 180. See Kapotaroman and Sibi. Pinakin, a Rudra, 173.
See Siva. Pingala, door-keeper of Sun, 87; atten dant of Kubera,
144; Ekaksipingala, 142; Pingaksi, 145. Pippala, tree, 6f. Pisacas, 3,
30 f., 43 f.; marriage of, 45; robbers and gods of Dasyus, 32, 45;
worship Pitrs, 32; eat flesh, 37 f., 45, 47; Pisaca-faced steeds and
horsefaced Pisacis, 40, 176 ; created by Siva, 187; as human beings,
46; live in trees, 72; side with Havana, 143; Pisaci becomes an
Apsaras, 45; Paisacagraha, 229. Pitamaha, Great Father, as
Prajapati, see Brahman; seven Pitamahas, 31. Pitha, demon, 51,
215, 217. Pitrlokarsis, see Rsis. Pitrpati, Yama, 108. Pitrrupa, a
Rudra, 173. Pitrs, Fathers, Manes, 8; cult of, 32; as spirits, 29f.;
Pitrvana, 31; as Rsis, 35, 177; moon-path of, 35; gods of gods, 33 f.;
seven families, 33; Agni lord of, 105; with Guhyakas, 147; king
honors, 71; as gods, 34, 64; bull sacred to, 16; connected with
moon, 92; with fires, 101, 104; with Visve Devas, 174; opposed to
gods, 176; Pitrs of Pitrs, 196; gifts of, 230; worship of, 37, 56. See
Rsis, Saumyas, Visve Devas. Planets, cruel, 46; world of, 60; Saturn,
Venus, and Jupiter, 86; sun is lord of, 93; affect plants, 180 f. See
Brhaspati, Graha, and Usanas. Indo-Aryan Research. III. ib. Plants,
Soma lord of, 93; names from, 156; like arrows of Love, 167; as
weapons, 123; treated by Mantras, 181; affected by stars, 179 f.;
from Surabhi, 200. Playground of gods, 59. See Kubera, Rudra, and
Siva. Pleiades, see Krttikas. Poison, 26, 219. Pole-star, see Dhruva.
Prabha, as Suvarcala, 63, 143; an Ap saras, 160. Prabhasa,
Maharsis, 35, 177; a Vasu, father of Visvakarman by Brhaspati's
sister, 170, 181; minister of Varuna, 119. Prabhata, mother of
Prabhasa and Pratyusa, 170, 199. Prabhava, a Sadhya, 175.
Pracetas, Pracetasas, 7, 120, 200; sons of, as ,,good people", 148;
Pracetasa as Prajapati, 189 f.; Manu, 202. See Daksa. Pracmabarhis,
seer, 120, 190, 202. Pradaksina, around trees, temples, etc., 72;
around fire, 106. Pradatr, an All-god, 174. Pradesa Prajapatis, 202.
Pradha, daughter of Daksa, 199; mother of Bhanu, 77; of
Gandharvas, 152; of six Apsarasas, 159,162. Pradurbhava, see
Avatar. Pradyumna, Raukmineya, 51, 59, 214; as Kama, 164; form of
Visnu, 206 f.; story of his adoption, 214. Pragjyotisa, home of
western Asuras, 50 f., 216. Praheti, Raksasa, 41. Prahlada, Prahrada,
Asura, 48, 50 f., 125; origin and sons of, 199; history of, 133; gets
Indra's power, 135; taught by Usanas, 180; virtuous, 194; as Pra
japati, 191; story of Skanda's spear, 228; slain, 134. Prajagara, an
Apsaras, 160. Prajapati, as Brahman, 189 f. ; as Daksa, ib.; Brahman
and Prajapati, 195; as boar and tortoise, 210; in plural as creators,
23, 178 f.; Seven Seers as Prajapatis, 182, 190 f.; twenty-one, 198.
See Brahman. Prakrtis, creative powers, 190. Pralamba, demon, 212,
215, 217. 17
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258 INDEX. Pramada, with Mada, as demon, 50.

Pramadvara, story of, 114, 154, 161. Pramatha demons, 19, 44.
Pramatha, attendant of Skanda, 230. Pramathini, an Apsaras, 160.
Pramati, Bhargava, son of Cyavana, 161, 179. Pramloca, an Apsaras,
159 f. Pramuca, -ci, -cu, demon, 116, 132, 177. Pranas, breaths,
airs, anthropomorphic, 95; five or seven, 94, 98; quarrel of, 195 ;
Prana, son of Varcas, 170. See Vayu. Prapti, Posession, wife of
Peace, 199; daughter of Jarasandha, 214. Prasarm, an Apsaras, 160.
Prasenajit, husband of the Gauri river 5. Pratardana, born of
sacrifice, son of Divodasa, 138. Pratipa, father of Samtanu, 187.
Pratismrti, a vidya, 176. Pratita,'an All-god, 174. Pratyusa, a Vasu,
father of Devala, 170. Pravara, guides Airavata, 127. Pravrtti, and
Nivrtti, kinds of saints, 202 ; as Pradurbhavas, 218. Prayaga
(Allahabad), 6, 27, 162, 183; resort of Brahman, 193. Prayuta, a
Gandharva, 153. Pretas, Ghosts, 29 f., 36 ; as Bhuts, 37; as ,,good
people", 148 ; pretakrtyani, 30 f . ; pains of, in hell, llOf.; abode of,
with Yama, 108 f.; pretasattva, 151; pretagopas, guardians of hell,
114. See Pitrs, Punyajana. Priest, from mouth of Brahman, 194;
power of, 26, 29, 176; haters of, 43, murder of, 110, 131 f.; impure
man may not touch, 106; priests go to hell, 54; as gods, 64; give
power, 131; honored, 71; murmur benedictions and remove sin, 79,
178; gifts to, 33, 68, 109; Soma or Brhaspati is lord of, 82; their law
that of Agni, 106; Bali and priests, 133; Brahman is
Brahmanavatsala, 195; sixteen fire-priests, 107. Prs"ni, as Ganges
and mother of Visnu, 6; Prsni Maharsis, 35, 177. Prsthaja, form of
Skanda, 227. Prthivi, 81. See Earth. Prthu, brother of Aristanemi, 23;
Vasu, 171; Vainya, 4; father of Earth, 78, 166; royal seer, 178;
deified by Atri 184; Avatar, 218. Prthudaka, on the Sarasvati, 193.
Priti, mother of Agastya, 185. Priya, wife of the Adbhuta and mother
of the Bharata fire, 101. Priyamukhya, an Apsaras, 160. Puja, see
Worship. Pujam, talking bird, 20. Pulaha, son of Brahman, father of
Kimpurusas and wild animals, 199. Pulastya, son of Brahman, father
of Kimnaras, apes, and demons, 41, 143, 148, 152, 189 f., 200;
Agastya from Pulastya, 185 ; father of Visravas, etc., 191, 199.
Puloma, wife of Bhrgu, 47, 133, 179; tears become river, 194.
Puloman, son of Danu, 48, 199; killed by Indra, 123, 125.
Punarvasu, Naksatra under Aditi, 81. Pundarlka, an Apsaras, 160.
Pundariyaka, an All-god (?), 174. Punishment, see Danda and Rod.
Punjikasthala, an Apsaras, 14, 96, 159 f.; curses Ravana, 42, 120;
called Varunakanyaka, cursed, becomes Aiijana, 164; rape of,
offends Brahman, 195. See Aiijana. Punyajana, ,,good people", 148.
See Pretas. Punyakrt, an All-god, 174. Puranas, compared with
epics, 147, 152, 196, 210, 211 (bis); Puranic elements, in Sivaism,
222. Purl, city, 217. Purna and Purnayu, Gandharvas, 153. Puru,
king, 187; mountain, 162. Purukutsa, king, husband of Narmada
river, 5. Pururavas, 53, 63, 91, 95, 131, 157, 162, 164. Purusa, as
Avatar, 218. Purvacitti, an Apsaras, 160. Pusan, anAditya, 81 f., 83 f.;
not honor ed, 55, 196; older than Parjanya, 128 ; teeth knocked out,
223 ; gift of, to Skanda, 230. See Sun. Puskala, son of Bharata, and
Puskalavata, his town in Kandahar, 157. Puskara, son of Varuna, 91,
119; holy place where Brahman sacrificed, 193. Puskaramalim,
Indra's hall, 59.
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INDEX. 259 Puspadanta, elephant, 17; an attendant of

Siva, 230. Puspaka, Kubera's car, 142, 145. Puspodaka, river, 5, 109
f. Puspotkata, mother of Ravana, 41, 143. Pusti, daughter of Daksa,
199, 224. Pusya, Naksatra under Brhaspati, 181. Putana, bird-
demon, slain by Krsna, 208, 215 f., 218, 229. Putika, plant, 93.
Raga, daughter of Brhaspati, 100. Raghu, Rama's ancestor, as
healer, 169. Rahu, Svarbhanu, eclipse-demon, who shoots the sun or
swallows it, 14-, 44, 184, 188; daughter of, 53; size of, 85; sun
overcomes, 87; activities of, 91, 134. Raibhya, one of Indra's Seven
Rsis, 138. Rainbow, 124. Raivata, a Rudra, 173. Rajarsis, 34, 140,
177 f., 187. Rajasuya, performers of, live with Indra, 140.
Rajatanabha, spirit, 148. Raka, moon-phase, 41, 70, 101 f., 143.
Raksasas, demons who injure, 10 f., 14; or guard, 38, 59, 88;
generally by night, 36 f., 38 f., 43; born of Yadu, 187; of human
descent, 40; formerly Gandharvas, 154 ; known as Kimkaras and
Pisacas, 45 f.; worshipped, 30; Kubera is their refuge, 143 ; dispelled
by fire. 40 ; destroy sacrifice, 41 ; beauty of, 41; possess Saudasa,
182; Sikhandin as, 62; food of, 68 f.; in hell, 112; evil demons side
with Ravana, 143; have Yama-names, 115; Raksasagrahas, 229;
give boar and buffalo to Sk anda, 228. See Pramathas, Nairrtas,
Mandehas, Rama. Raksita, an Apsaras, 160. Ram, see Mesa. Rama
as Baladeva, see Balarama. Rama Dasarathi, Raghava, 4 13, 15, 20,
176 f.; befriended by Garuda, 22; by Ocean, 121; slays Raksasas, 41
f., 217; arrows of, 27; blest, 30; king dom of, free from snakes, 25;
attacks Abhiras, 121; shrines built by, 70; favored by Sun, 87; by
Bharadvaja, 183; like Parjanya and Indra, 128, 140 ; visited by
Agastya, 185 ; in Yama's home, 113; placates Rudra, Visnu, and All-
gods, 174; Ramacarita, 161; Ramagiri, 140; Rama and Mahodara,
180; Avatar, but not at first Visnu, 9, 211 f. ; recognised by
Brahman, 194; like £iva, 219; as Fate, 74. Rama Jamadagnya,
Bhargava, ParaSuRama, 10, 184, 211, 217, 226. Ramana, son of
Varcas, 17(X Ramamyaka, island, 27. Rambha, an Apsaras, wife of
Nalakubara, drama of, 143, 159 f. ; curses Ravana, 42; Rambha and
Tumbaru, 156; loved by Indra, 164; changed into a stone by
Visvamitra, 137 f., 164, 183. Rasatala, 61, 111, 119, 210. Rasmivat,
an All-god (?), 174. Rata, mother of Vasus, 165, 170. Rati, Desire,
54; as Apsaras, 160 f.; and Kama, 164; wife of Kama, 165, 199; wife
of Sambara, 214. Ratiguna, a Gandharva, 153, 165. Raudra spirits,
174, 186; Raudra, son of Usanas, 179. Raudrasva, lover of GhrtacI,
164. Raudreya, Maharsi of the West, 177. Raukmineya, see
Pradyumna. Raumya spirits (born from hair-pits, stars), 223. See
Stars. Raurava, see Hell. Ravana, genealogy of, 41, 81, 143; de
scribed, 39, 41 f.; sons of, 15; and Kubera and Kimpurusas, 142 f.,
158; arrows of, 27; fights Jatayus, 23; con quers Nagas, etc., 28,
119, 176; slays Suryabhanu, 142; defeated by Rama, 212; cursed by
various women, 42, 164; made impotent, 67; chief ex ploits, 42f.,
92, 111; Sun will not fight with him, 87; aided by Brahman, 195;
scorned by Visnu, 43; mocked by Narada, 188; Ravana and Siva,
219; as fifth Lokapala, 149. See Airavata, Raksasa, Rama, Rambha,
Sita. Ravi, see Sun. Rbhus, 35. Rcika, son of Dyaus, 77; of Cyavana,
183; Bhargava, 179; receives white horses from Varuna, 121;
marries Gadhi's daughter, 183; father of seers, see Jamadagni and
Sunahsepa. Rddhi, Success, wife of Kubera, 63, 142, 147. 17*
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26o INDEX. Rebirth, 110; memory in, 111; as hell 112; not
instantaneous, 191. Rejuvenation, of Mandakarni, 163; of Cyavana,
169. Renuka, mother of Parasu-Rama, 184, 211; revived, 226.
Resurrection, of Sibi's son, 104; of Naciketa, of Samdipani's son,
113; of Pramadvara, 114; Vandin resurrects Kahoda, 120; Indra
resurrects Gandharvas, 155; Bharadvaja and Yavakrita revived, 184;
Renuka revived, 226. See Brahman, Indra, Visnu, and Samjivana.
Revati, 81; and Balarama, 212; mother of Skanda, 227. Rice,
offerings of, 56; to Moon, 92; to Visnu, 209. Right, see Dharma.
Rivers, 3f.; lord of, 56, 117; without owners, 80; mothers of fires,
101; assume sin, 132; Narmada, mother of Sudarsana, 103;
Oghavati, Puspodaka, Vaitaram, 103, 110; Parnasa, 120; from tears,
194; from blood, 16; gifts of, 230. See Carmanvati, Ganges, Kaveri,
Sarasvati, Vitasta, Yamuna. Rksarajas, son of Visnu, 15. Rksavat,
mountain, 13. Rocamana, daimonion, 204. Rod (Punishment), of
Yama and as spe cial divinity, 112; Danda worships Sun, 89;
Kaladanda, 112; form of Visnu, 198. See Danda. Roga, charioteer of
Antaka (Death served by illness), 114. Rohim, Jambavati, 13; star,
wife of Soma, 53, 63, 90; daughter of Hiranyakasipu, 101; mother of
Balarama, 108, 214; as Surabhi, mother of cows, or daughter of
Surabhi, 121, 153, 200; Usually as star, Aldebaran, Soma's favorite
wife (wife of Krsna only in H),13, 63. 214. Rohita Gandharvas, list of,
156. Rohltaka, land loved by Skanda, 227. Roots, offerings of, 56.
Rosary, 92, 219 and note, 222, 224. Rsabha, 52; Avatar, 218. Rsis,
seers, saints, food of, 27; countless, 178; one with Pitrs, 34 f., 176,
178; worlds of, 61 ; live in Sun, 85 ; create worlds, 178; kinds of,
177f.; groups by heptads, 138; adore Twilights, bless worlds, 69,
178; gods of earth, 177; in Indra's heaven, give Sword to Indra,
140, 176; Seven Rsis as Great Bear, with Manu in ark.177^ _ 202;
around Pole-star, 187; relations with Brahman, 189 f., 195 f. ; and
Lotustheft, 182. Rsyamuka, mountain, 11. Rsyasrnga, son of
Vibhandaka and a doe, husband of Santa, ancestor of the demon
Alambusa, 40, 49, 162; forces Indra to rain, 128, 139. Rta, a Rudra,
173. Rtadhaman, Visnu, 207. Rteyu, one of Varuna's Seven Rsis,
120. Rtusthala, an Apsaras, 160. Rtvan, See Satvan. Ruci, wife of
Devasarman, 135; an Ap saras, 160. Rudra, 8; seed of. 9: spear of,
225; play ground of, 37, 221; path and Gatha of, 59; as All-god, 174;
gets sword and tenets from Brahman, 176, 178 ; as Agni or son of
Agni, 103, 221 ; as Kama, 165; as devastating form of Siva, 221;
probably as Siva conquers Vipracitti, 134; receives worship, 55,
teaches Valakhilyas, 186 ; attacks Sun, 83; as Siva, 139, 184, 189 f.
Rudrani, 63, 221, 224. Rudras, eleven, names of, 28, 52, 172 f.;
origin of, 199; descendants of Tvastr, Surabhi, etc., 173, 200; warrior
attend ants of Yama and Skanda, 113, 123; 173; worship and come
from Visnu, 34, 207; Visnu as eighth, 175; 1100 Rudras, 223; make
gifts to Skanda, 230. Rukmin, pupil of Druma, 158. Rukmim, wife of
Krsna, 63; part of Laksmi, 163, 214;' tale of, 215. Ruru, tale of, 67,
114; an All-god, 174. Sad, PaulomI, Indrani, 50, 52, 63, 97; and
Nahusa, 130, 140 f. See Indra. Sacrifice, due to fear, 55; forms of,
68; gods depend on, 58; gods who steal sacrifices, 64, 68; theft of,
101; Siva takes, 110; flees as deer, 223; sinners omit sacrifice, 59;
gods take only essence, 66, 68; cult and, 68; human, 103;
bloodless, 106; of meat and sesamum, 146; given to Asuras, 130;
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INDEX. 261 head of, 131; as divinity, 68; Pratardana born

of, 138; Yajna-Avatar, 218; seven Soma-sacrifices, 138. Sadhya,
mother of Vasus, 97, 170; of Sadhyas, 175. Sadhyas, fighting gods,
sons of Dharma, 8, 123, 175 f., 199; Pitrs of, 33; feared, 55; flee,
56; grouped with others, 173, 199; gifts of, 230. Sadvrtti, Devasena
as. 229. Sagara, son of Jumna river, 5, 121; hus band of Sumati and
Kesini, 22, 63, 122; relations with Garuda, 22; and with Indra, 137;
excavates Ocean's bed, 121 f. ; Sagaras, consumed by Kapila, 216 f.
See Ocean._ Saha, an All-god, 174; Saha Apa, waterpower, 101 ;
story _of Saha and Atharvan, 102; Saha Apa, as Vasu, 104, 170;
Saha, an Apsaras, 160. Sahadeva, son of an Asvin, 167 f. Sahajanya,
an Apsaras, 159 f. Sahya, a spirit of light, 88. Saibya, a descendant
of Sibi, 182; steed of Krsna, 215. Sailabha, an All-god, 174 Sailusa, a
Gandharva, father- in-law of Vi'bhisana, 42, 153 f.; as Rohita, 156 f.'
Sakadvipa, 9. Sakambhari, llf., as Uma, 224. Sakha, form of Skanda,
227 f., 230. See Bhadrasakha. Sakra, epithet and name of Indra,
122. Sakti, son of Visvamitra, 182. Sakuni, fiend in bird-form, 200.
Sakuntala, 161, 183. Salagrama, Visnu, 209. Salakatankata, demon,
107 f. Salavrkas, 18, 20. Salisiras, a Gandharva, 153. Salmali, tree,
of torture, 111; Brahman rested under, 193. Salva, king of people
and people opposed to Krsna, 51, 217. Sama, Peace, son of Right
and of Day, 170, 199. Sama, land, 18. Samaveda, 179. Samba, a
demon (= £ambara?), 15. Samba, son of Krsna, 15, 31, 59, 222.
Sambara, demon, son of Danu, 48 f., 199; fights with Soma, slain by
Indra, 93, 134; discourses as ascetic, 134; his wife adopts
Pradyumna, 214. Sambhala, village, 218. Sambhu, a Rudra, 173;
epithet of Brahman, 197; of Siva, 219 f. Sambuka, var. lee. for
Jambuka; Sambuka and Jambuka, officers of Skanda, 230. Samdhya,
Twilight, divine wife of Vidyutkesa, 53, 107; of Pusan, 83; usually
dual, adored by Rsis, 69; as witnesses, 66; of ages, 76. Samdipani,
story of, 113; taken from H into S, 216. Samgraha and Vigraha,
attendants of Skanda, 230. Samhrada, demon, 199. Sami-wood,
102. Samici, an Apsaras, 160; becomes a cro codile, 163. Samjivana,
life-restorer, 25. Samjiia, mother of Asvins, 85, 169. Samkara, an All-
god (?), 174; as Siva, 10 (and often). Samkarsana, Baladeva as
ploughman, form' of Visnu, 206 f., 212. Samkhya, a seer, 177;
religion, 186; Samkhya-Yoga, 101. See Kapila. Samkoca, an Asura,
52. Samksaya, a Marut, 170. Samnihita, form of fire, 101. Sampati,
son of Aruna, 15, 21 f., 84, 187, 200. Sampraksala Rsis, 186.
Samsraya, Prajapati, 200. Samtanaka, tree, 7. Samtanu (Santanu),
5, 171, 187. Samtati, Continuance (?), divine power, 225. Samudra,
see Ocean. Samuha, an All-god, 174. Samvarana, ancestor of Kurus,
88, 155. Samvarta, son of Angiras, brother of Brhaspati, Sivaite, 177,
181, 199. Samvrtti, Fulfilment, divine power, 74. Samyamana, -I,
palace of Yama, 108. Sarnyati, Effort, divine power, 53. £amyu, fire
of seasonal sacrifices, 100. Sana, son of Brahman, 191, 202.
£anaiscara, son of the Sun, Saturn, 85 f.. Sanaka, Sanandana, and
Sanatana, sons of Brahman, 191. Sanatkumara, chief Paramarsi, son
ol
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262 INDEX. Brahman, 164, 181, 200; upholds Atri against

Gautama, 184, 191 ; as Pradyumna, 214; as Skanda, 227;
Sanatsujata, 191, 202. Sandal-wood, 7. Sandili, devi, 10, 22, 104; a
Vasu mother of Anala, 170; 3andilya, sage, 188. Sankha, Naga, 28;
Nidlii, 143, 146. Sankhapad, an All-god, 174; -pada, son of Manu,
202. Sankhim, goddess, 11. Sankukarna, attendant of Skanda, 230.
Santa, son of Ahar, 170; of Apa, 171; £anta, see Rsyasrnga.
£antanu, same as Samtanu. Santi, former Indra, 136. Saptajana
Rsis, calendar seers, 177. Saptakrt, an All-god (?), 174. Sarabha, 18
f., 159; a Danava, 19; son of Parjanya, 62, 128; of Yama, 115; as
Visnu, 208. Sarabhanga, son of Gautama, brother of Agastya, visited
by Indra, 140, 183, 185; welcomed to heaven by Brahman, 193.
Saradrsti (or-vrsti), a Marut, 170. Saradvat, Gautama, 138, 161 ;
Saradvati, an Apsaras, 160. Sarama, Sarameya, 19, 200; daughter of
Sailusa, 42. Sarasa, bird, 19. Sarasvata, 5, 120, 162; as Vyasa, 185;
Sarasvatya Gana, 166, 186. Sarasvati, 1. fluent, river, 4f., 27, 193;
lost in desert, 121; abode of spirits, 45, 160; Soma bathes in, 90;
Skanda installed at, 228; bath there purifies Indra, 132; Tirtha at,
152; celebration of, 162; runs blood, 44; tale of the river and
Vasistha and Visvamitra, 183. Sarasvati, 2. fluency, godess of
eloquence, worship of, 55; as tongue of Visnu, 207; in benediction,
224; doctrine of, 88; in Indra's court, 140; as wife of Manu, 201 ; as
goddess, born of Brah man, 8, 191; mother of Vedas, 53; of Asvins,
168; manifest in hearing, 64. Saravana, Skanda' s birthplace, 105,
227 f. £aravrsti, see Saradrsti. Sarayu, river, 6. 3armin, story of, 113.
Sarmistha, Daitya wife of Yayati, 51. Sarpa, a Rudra, 173. SarpadevI,
Tirtha, 25. Saru, a Gandharva, 153. 3arva, £iva, 221. Sarvabhauma,
elephant, 17, 126, 142. Sarvakamadugha, see Kamadhuk. Saryati,
sacrifice of, 169, 201. Sasabindu, taught by Yama, 116; form of
Visnu, 207. Sasthi, moon-day as Uma, 70, 102, 229. Satadru, river,
5, 182. Satananda, son of Gautama, 183. Sataparvan (var. lee. -va),
wife of Usanas, 63, 180. Satarudriya, potency of, 27, 173. Satasirsa,
wife of Vasuki, 27, 63. Satayus, son of Urvasi, 162. Satkara, or (v. 1.)
Pancaka, an attendant of Skanda, 230. Sattva, as spirit, 36, 57.
Satvan, or (v. 1.) Rtvan, a Gandharva, 153. Satya, daughter of
Dharma, 100. Satyaki, warrior, slays Alambusa, 40. Satyasandha,
attendant of Skanda, 230. Satyavac, a Gandharva, 153. SatyavatI
Vasavi, 163; wife of Rcika, 5, 183. Saubha, Daitya city, 51: destroyed
by Krsna, 215. Saudasa, see Kalmasapada. Saudeva, Divodasa, 138.
Saudyumni, Yuvanasva, 138. Saumanasa, elephant, 17. Saumya
Pitrs, 174, 186. Saumyagiri, 91. See Dis, saumya. Saura, Sun-
worshipper, 88; Matrs, 89. Saurabheyi, or -seyi, an Apsaras, 160;
becomes crocodile, 163. Savana, Bhargava, 178. Savarna and
Savarni Manu, 85, 188; Savarni as Granthakrt, 222. Savitr, arms of;
broken by Siva, 223. See Sun. Savitra, a Marut, 170; a Vasu, a
Rudra, 171, 173; Kama, 84. See Suryasavitra. Savitri, daughter of
the Sun, mother of Vedas, wife of Brahman, 53, 63, 86; sung,
worshipped as Gayatri, 55, 83; as Uma, 224; as sa avitri, 86;
daughter of Asvapati, wife of Satya vat, 63, 73, 86. Seasons, deified,
36. Seers, see Bsis. SenanI, a Rudra, 173. Serpents, and Garuda, 21
f., 23 f.; wor ship Pitrs, 32; as souls, 24; as demons,
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INDEX. 263 \S 48; controlled by Mantras, 25; as Nagas,

draw Varuna's car, 121 ; steal gold and jewels, 146; other myths and
proverbs of, 26; in trees, 72; Nahusa becomes snake, 130; Usanas
has snake-locks, 180; Balarama wears snakes, 212; Pannaga snakes
created by Siva, worn by him, as his weapons, 187, 221, 223;
snakes and Ellamma, 226. See Empada, Garuda, Naga, Sarpa,
Sarpadevi, Sesa. £esa, world-serpent, son of Kadru, 15, 24 f., 199;
rules below, 152; as Ananta, 23 f.; as Dbaramdhara, 177; a
Prajapati, 200; Visnu and Sesa, Avatar, 205, 208, 217 f. See Ananta.
Sesame, see Tila. . jBeven, sacrosanct number, lllf. ; doors of
heaven, 112; seven heptads of seers, 177, 190; of Maruts, 170;
hosts of Mothers, 228; Siva above the groups of seven, 223. See
Agni, Daksa, Hell, Mountains, Rsis, Sun, Saptajana. Sex, interchange
of, 91, 136. 145 159 and note, 220, note; determined by Brah man,
193. See Androgynous, Apsaras, Bhaga, Bhagananda, Gandharva, Ka
ma, Rati, Uma. Shadow, as soul, 44, 225; gods have no, 57; of
Visnu's arm, 80; of elephant, 93; Savarna Chaya, 85. Sheep, see
Mesa. Shoes, gift of Sun to man, 87. Shrines, see Temples. Sibi, 20,
103 f.; honored by gods, 65; doubtful parentage of, as name of
Indra, 103 f., 136, 199. See Saibya, Usmara. Siddha, a Gandharva,
153; Siddha saints, 8, 34; world of, 60; in Indra's court, 140; watch
contest, do good, 175; as Maharsis, 177 f.; Siddhagati, 186;
Siddhartha, an officer of Skanda, 230. Siddhi, spirit, 101; devi, wife
of Yaruna, 120. Sighru, a Rohita Gandharva, 153, 156. Sikata
Maharsis, 35, 177. Sikhandin, 62. Siksa, var. lee. for Sighru. Simhika,
demon mother of Rahu and 'Namuci, 15, 44, 134, 199 f. Sin,
Adharma, transferred to various objects, 130f.; becomes disease,
121, 131; father of Pride, Darpa, 165; seer cannot sin, 183; sinners
and Brahman, 195; Brahman's vow is adharmika hantavyah, 196;
worship of Siva frees from sin, 225 ; five worst sinners, 87 ; fate of,
111 ; sinners of the West, 209 ; earth submerged by sinners, 210.
Sindhu, river, 4f., 157; as Gandharva, var. lee. for Sighru, 153, 156.
Simvali, moon-phase, birth-goddess, 70, 100 f. Sisira, son of Yarcas,
170. Sisupala, as demon, 51, 211; foe of Krsna, 214, 216; described,
220. £isus, sons of gods, 62; Sisu, see Skanda. Slta, corn-mother
(furrow), wife of Indra and of Rama, 4, 12 f., 78; aided by Jatayus
and others, 23, 42, 67, 194; curses Ravana, 42; like a goddess, not a
goddess, 57, 62; as Laksmi, 212; like Uma, 219; carried under
ground by Earth, 80; Sitayajna, 12, 79. £iva, Mahesvara, Mahadeva,
Umapati, Gaurisa, 3f., 219 f.; bull of, cattle affected by, Siva as
Pasupati, 16 f.; resides with Kubera, 61, 143; part father of
Asvatthaman, 116; father of Skanda, 219, 221, 227 f.; of Sesa, 24;
as serpent-lord, 27, 223; as Ahi, 28; fiery and mild bodies of 222; as
Atharvan and Agni, 103 f., 230; as Rudra, Sthanu, 55, 226; as
Varuna, 120, 178; as calf of Yaksas, 148; Lokapala, 149; lord of
Bhuts, 37, 131, 219, 221; of other spirits, 44, 158, 223; of Matrs,
115, 220f.; wife of, 11, 52, 63, 225; disease and passion as children
of, 54, 61 ; boons of, 29, 41, 219, 223, 225; receives Ganges, 219;
destroys demons, 50; as Gajahan, 223; drinks poison, 219 f.; as
Nandlsvara, 72, 222; with Tilottama, 162; creatorgod, 60, 186; of
four, eight, or eleven forms, 221, 223, 226; as god of pro creation,
148, 215, 221 f., 223 f.; as moon, and wears crescent, 70, 91, 93,
100, 219 f., 221; bow, trident, equip ment of, 75, 81, 139, 223, 225;
lives on Kailasa and in cemeteries, 59, 221 ; worshipped by seven
Manus, by Krsna, and by Arjuna, 202, 215, 221; de scription of, 219,
222, 225 f.; names and epithets of, 173, 219, 223; as
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264 INDEX. Nilakantha, 180 ; relations with Indra, 123,

130, 135, 138; with Brahman, 190, 198, 219 f.; 226; with Visnu,
115; 206 f., 211 f., 213; treatment of Daksa, 110, 219; of Savitr,
Kama, Bhaga, etc., 83,142,164f., 219; of Usanas,Grtsamada,
Mankanaka, 180, 187 f.; of Himavat, 216; festival of, as Pasupati,
220; as god of literature, fond of music, dance, 222 f., 226; as Fate,
75, 219; religion of, 213, 219, 226. See Agni, Rudra, Skanda; as
Umakanta, -pati, seetlma. Siva, wife of the Vasu Anila, 170. Skanda,
Kumara, Karttikeya, as Sisu, 5f., 14, 227 f.; sonship debated, 207;
son of Agni, 98; of Pleiades, 106, 227; Svaheya, 104 f. ; as Guha
and Kumara, son of Siva, on mountains, 148, 219, 221 ; as senapati,
leads gods to battle, 56, 181, 228; holy days of, 70; atten dants and
mothers of, 7, 43, 45 f., 53, 228 f.; followers as imps and as di
seases, 229; peacock and other ani mals of, 21, 118, 227 f.;
relations with Kraunca, 9, 227; with Indra, 133, 229; with Bana, etc.,
48 f.; with Vasistha, 182 f.; wife of, 63, 70, 229; as Sa'natkumara,
227; has twelve arms and six faces, 227 f. ; not called Subrahmanya,
229 ; followers connected with those of Kubera, 145; javelin of, 123;
gifts to, 228, 230; boon from Brah man, 198 ; composite character
of, 229. Sky, see Dyaus and Svarga. Sleep, Mahanidra, form of Uma,
224. Smoke, saintly character of those who drink smoke, 186. Smrti
and Sruti, see Memory. Snakes, see Serpents. Sneeze, as spirit, see
Ksupa; sneezing on food makes it impure, 46. Sods, not to be
broken, 69. Soma, as Vasu, 170; Agmsomau, 101, 105; as teacher,
178; as name of Visnu and Siva, 93 ; as plant, 10 ; for seven
sacrifices, 138; in sacrifice of gods, 65; as food of gods, 34; as
earthly rain, 127; substitute for, 93; sale of, 93, 111; drunk by
Trisiras, 130; theft of (Soma here both plant and moon), 21, 43. See
Moon and compounds below. Soma, an Apsaras, 91, 160. Somacara
saints, 186. Somada, a Gandharvi, 91, 153, 156. Somagiri, 91.
Somaloka, 92. Somapa, All-god, 174; officer of Skanda, 230; saints
or spirits, 33 f., 186. Somasada saints, 33. Somavarcas. a
Gandharva, 153; perhaps an All-god, 174. Somavayavya Maharsis,
177. Sona, Sona, river, 4. Song, see Music. Sonitapura, 214. Soul,
escapes through crown, feet, etc., 65; theory regarding, 191, 193; of
Krsna as fire, 216. See Serpents (souls as), Shadow, Star.
Sparsasana spirits, who eat by touch, 186. Spirits, 29 f.; of three
worlds, 54; in trees, 72. See Bhuts, Demons, Pitrs, Pretas, Sattva.
Sraddha, Faith, daughter of Surya, 86; of Daksa, 199; Love, son of
Faith, 165; at Indra's court, 140; Sraddha, act of faith, funeral feast,
see Funeral. Sraja, an All-god, 174. Srama, Toil, son of Apa, 171.
Sravistha, an Apsaras, 160. Sri, Fortune, lost by demons, 47, 54,
135; rose from Ocean, 55; Sri stri, 65, 81; Brahmi Sri, 178; as
Laksmi, 135, 140 f., 208; material prosperity, 146; and lotus, 205, in
benedictions, separate from Laksmi, 224. See Laksmi. Srimat, an All-
god, 174. Srivatsa, 184, 205, 213. Srutavati, devotee of Indra, 136,
141, 162. 3rutayudha, human son of Varuna, 5, 120. Sruti, lost, 218.
See Smrti. Stars, as souls, Pitrs, 34, 53; world of sun and stars, 60
f.; Naksatras not to be looked at, 69, 106; not as seers, 185; falling
star gives blindness, 75; as wives of Moon, 90; rite of Moon and
asterisms, 92; list of asterisms, 93; virtues of, taught by Yama, 116;
path of stars, 141 ; stars as hair-pits of Visnu, 207; form of Siva,
222. See Astrologer, Raumya. Sthana, a Gandharva, 153, 156.
Sthanu, a Rudra, epithet of Rudra-Siva, 55, 172 f. ; as Siva, 190; a
Prajapati, 200. Sthira, attendant of Skanda, 230.
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INDEX. 265, Sthuna or Sthunakarna, a Yaksa, 145, 148.

Subahu, an Apsaras, 160. Subala, a Garuda, 22. Subha, abstract
divinity, Loveliness, 54; mother of Brhaspati, 100. Subhadra, ,,born
as Kali", 76; spaceguarding cow, 200. Subhaga, an Apsaras, 159 f.
Subhakarman, attendant of Skanda, 230. Subhra, var. lee. for
Sthana. Subhraj, spirit of light, 88; Subhraja, attendant of Skanda,
230. Subhumika, Tirtha, 160 f. Subrahmanya, non-epic epithet of
Skanda, 229. Sucaksu, name of Ganges, 5f. Sucandra, a Gandharva,
153. Suci, a fire, 102; son of Bhrgu, 178. Sucika, an Apsaras, 160.
ibucismitta, an Apsaras, 160. Sudarsana, tree, 8; son and discus of
Agni, 103; discus of Visnu, 206; palace of Indra, 141, 169; demon's
elephant, 127 ; -na, daughter of Narmada river, 5, 103. Sudhanvan,
a Muni, 51, 178. Sudharasa, food of Nagas, 27. Sudharma, Indra's
court, also name of Matali's wife, 58, 125, 141. Sudharman, an All-
god, 174; son of Manu, 202. Sudhavat Pitrs, 33. Sudyumna (Il'a),
201. Sugandha, an Apsaras, 160. Sugoptr, an All-god (?), 174.
Sugriva, an ape, 14 f., 40,52; origin of, 62, 86; a steed of Krsna,
215. Sugrivi, an Apsaras, 160. Suicide, 34, 61, 100 and note, 103.
See Suttee. Suka, as Gandharva, var. lee. for Sthana; asaint who
sees Apsarasas,160f.; origin of name, 163; pupil of Brhaspati, 181.
Sukala and Sukalin Pitrs, 34. Sukanya, wife of Cyavana, 169. Sukesa,
royal Raksasa, 41, 108; Sukesi, an Apsaras, 160. Suki, daughter of
Kasyapa, mother of Nata, 23, 199. See Parrot. Sukra, son of Bhrgu,
199; a Marut, 170; Siva's seed, 180. See Usanas. Suktimati, river, 5.
Sukumari, loved by Narada, 188. Sulka, price given by bridegroom,
103. Sulocana, an Apsaras, 160. Sumadhya, an Apsaras, 160.
Sumalin, royal Raksasa, grandfather of Ravana, 41. Sumanas, an
Asura, 47. Sumani, attendant of Skanda, 230. Sumanyu, a
Gandharva, 153. Sumati, an Asura, 47; Sumati, wife of Sagara, 22f.?
122. Sumeru, 10, 14. Sumukha, a Naga, 52, 24; a Maharsir 177;
son-in-law of Matali. 125. Sumukhl, an Apsaras, 160. I Sun, Surya,
son of Brahman, 87 ; father of Yama, Karna, and of Asvins, 81, 84,
86; of apes, 15, 62; of Sanaiscara, 85 f.; Savitr, 54; son of Dyaus,
77^ husband of Sita,_12; shrine of, 8;. arms broken, 83; Aditya, son
of Aditi, world of, 60, 81 f. ; epithets as separate gods, 77 ; worship
of, 55; euhemeristic, 64; stayed by Ravana, 42; eclipse of, 44; as
demon, 48, 84 f. ; as Vivasvat, Tapana, Ravi, 81, 83 f, 87 f.; grailr
215; Aruna, 21 ; leads Grahas, 56, 84; conception by, 62; gets Aditi's
ear rings, 81 ; Ravi guarded by Angiras,84; wife of Vivasvat, 83 ; of
Surya, 63, 85, 165; sun in general, witness of acts, 66, 87; as Time,
76; has seven steeds, 85, 87 f. ; Sunday as seventh day, 70r 89; not
to be looked at, etc., 69, 87r 106 ; cjiarioieejr ofjj^ seven or twelve
suns, 84; gives rain, disperses demons, 84, 174; stories of, 86; sun
and Atrif 182; sun-stone, 89 ; Supraja, Tapana, Tapati, 86 f. ; steeds
stand at noon, 87 ; doorkeeper of, 87; hymns and names of, 88; sun
of destruction, 99; as horse, 103, 204; as Lokapala, 149 f.; fate of
those dying during southern course of, 113, 198; limited godship of,
179; sunbird andVisnu, 203;Valakhilyas as MarJcipas, 186; men
descended from Sunr J.98^ form of Siva, 222 ; Sun's gift to Skanda,
230. See Gitragupta, Saurasr Vivasvat. Sunabha, minister of Varuna,
119. Sunahsepa, 135, 183. Sunaka, son of Ruru, 161, 179.
Sunaman, a Garuda, 22 ; brother of Kamsar 214.
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266 INDEX. Sundaand Upasunda, demons, 51, 133 f., 162,

195. Sundari, wife of Malyavat, 41. Sunday, see Sun. Sunetra, son of
Garuda, 22. Sunitha, daughter of Death, mother of Vena, 199.
Suparna, as class, 147, 186; a Gandharva, 153; a seer (trisauparna),
179; as Visnu, 210. See Garuda. Suparm, Svaha, 22, 25. Suparsva,
son of Sampati, 23. Suparvan, an All-god, 174. Suparvata, a Sadhya,
175. Suprabha, son of Agni, 104; attendant of Skanda, 230. Supraja,
daughter of Surya, 86, 101. Supratika, elephant, 17. Supriya, an
Apsaras, 160. Sura, ancestor of Krsna, 214. Sura, spirit
(intoxicating), 50, 55; for demons, 68, 119; not for Visnu, 209;
produced from Surabhi, 200 ; as Varuni, 120, 199. Surabhi, devi,
daughter of Krodhavasa, 13, 16, 200; from Ocean, 55, 119; as
Rohini, 121; talks with Indra, 135; born of Brahman's ambrosia, and
mother of Brahmanas, 173, 191, 200; wife of Brahman, 200; a
Sadhya, 175. Surabhimat, a fire, 102. Suraja and Surama,
Apsarasas, 160. Suranadi, 6. Surarsi, 178. Surasa, Nagamatr, 23, 28,
44, 160, 200. Surasena, king, 214. Surat, limit of Krsna-cult, 226.
Surata and Suralha, Apsarasas, 104, 160. Suratayositas, 63. Surenu,
Tvastri, 85. Suresa (title of Indra), as All-god (?), 174. Surpanakha,
demon. ,,root of woe", 41 f., 143. Suruc, a Garuda or roc, 22. Suruci,
probably a Gandharva, 153. Surupa, an Apsaras, 160; a space-guard
ing cow, 200. Surya, see Sun. Suryabhanu, gate-keeper of Kubera,
142. Suryakanta, 89. Suryasavitra and Suryasri, All-gods(?), 174.
Suryavarcas, a Gandharva, 153. Susena, son of Varuna, 62, 119.
Susila, non-epic wife of Yama, 116. Sutanu, a Gandharva, 153.
Suttee, 99 f., 184. Suvarcala, wife of Surya, 63, 83, 95. Suvarcas,
son of Garuda, 22; attendant of Skanda, 230. Suvarna, a Gandharva,
153. Suvarnabha, son of Manu, 202. Suvarnasiras, Muni of ocean,
187. Suvrata, a Prajapati, 200; attendant of Skanda, 230. Suvrtta, an
Apsaras, 160, 164. Suyajna, a seer, 177. Suyama spirits, 186.
Svadha, 229; food of seers and of Pitrs, 27, 34. Svaha, 229; as Uma,
230; wife of Agni, 63; personates the wives of Rsis, 100, 104, 182.
Svarbhanu and Svarbhanavi, 48, 53. See Rahu. Svarga, Heaven,
personified, 53 ; heaven,78. Svarocisa Manu, 202. Svasa, mother of
the Vasus Vayu and Soma, 91, 170. Svastika, Naga, 28 f. ; attendant
of Skanda, 230. Svastyatreya, seer of the South, 177. Svati,
Arcturus, path of, 14. Svayambhu, see Brahman; Svayambhuva
Manu, 202. Svayamprabha, an Apsaras, 160; daughter of
Merusavarni, Hema's friend, 164. Sveta, cursed to eat himself, 185;
Sveta, elephant, and Sveta, his mother, 17, 200; Sveta Rsis, 186.
Svistakrt, son of Brhaspati by Candramasi, 100. Sweat, gods without,
57; trees from, 187; water as Visnu's sweat, 207. Sword, as Dharma,
see Asi. Syem, mother of Sampati, wife of Aruna, 23, 84, 199 f.
Tabu, through death, 30; -tree, 6, 44; -animals, 16, 20, 69, -food,
etc., 44; of lying-in woman, 102; of priest, 106. Tadaka, a Yaksini
who becomes a Raksasi, 43. Taksa, founder of Taksasila, 29, 157;
Taksaka, Naga, 24f.,*27f., 137, 176; Taksasila, 29, 157. Talajahgha,
king (Raksas in R), 14, 179.
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INDEX. 267 Talaketu, foe of Krsna, 217 (also title of

Bhisma). Tamburu (tambour), see Tumburu. Tamra, mother of Suki,
23, 159, 191, 199 f. Tandi, son of Brahman, 191. Tanmatras, created
by Siva, 222. Tanu, thin Rsi, 187. Tanuja, a Sadhya, 175. Tapana, see
Sun. Tapas, begets gods, 68; physical and religious ardor, 85; father
of fires, 101. See Asceticism. Tapati, sister of Savitri, 85, 155. Tara,
ape, son of Brhaspati, 62; title (,,conqueroru) of Visnu, 206. Tara,
different women, explained, 52; Brhaspati's wife, 63, raped by
Soma, 90, 93, 181 ; daughter of Susena, 119. Taraka, demon slain
by Indra, Krsna, and Skanda, 50, 134, 228. Tarakamaya war, 52, 54,
90, 116, 181 ; in Krta age, 217; cause of Skanda's birth, 228.
Tarantuka, gate-keeper at Kuruksetra, 149. Tarksya, see Garuda.
Taxes, aid gods, when moderate, 45. Tears, pollute food, 46; of
Puloma become river, 194; of Agni, become Asvins, 169. Tejasvin, an
Indra, 136. Temples and shrines, 70 f.; decorations of, 183.
Thanksgiving service, 68. Tila and tilaka, sesame, sign, 12; cakes,
17; at funerals, 32; for Bhuts, 69, 146; not offered to Visnu, 209.
Tilottama, an Apsaras, 51, 135, 159 f., 162, 219. Timburu, see
Tumburu. Time, see Kala und Yuga. Tirthas, watering-places, idea of,
4; magic of, 11; SarpadevT, 25; Pisaci, 45; merit of, 59 ; with
shrines, 71 f. ; change their divinities, 220; Vadava, 99; of Agni, 107;
of Asva, 121;' Kaubera, 142; of Nagas, 149; of Visvavasu, 152;
Kapalamocana, 180; of Vasistha and Seven Rsis, 182; of Kanya and
Anaraka, 225; of Visnu and of Kurus, 209; Brahman lives at, 193.
Tortoise, upholds mountain, as Avatar, 29, 50, 200, 208, 217. See
Kacchapa, Kamatha, Kasyapa, Kurma. Torture, tree of, 111. See Hell.
Totem, 9, 16, 200 f. Trees, 6f.; children of Anala, 200; of Paradise, 7,
140, 214; of hell, 111; golden, 7, 111; wonder-tree, 7, 39, 45; of
Siva, 219; incense made from, avoided, 69; Indra gives to apes,
140; receive sin, 130; of Caitraratha, 142; demoniac, 144; clothes
from, 186; from sweat of seer, 187; tree-mother and dryad, 7, 229;
Caitya, 39, 72; Brahman and Buddha under tree, 193, 218; form of
Visnu, 208; Skanda and his spirits in trees, 227, 229; Balarama has
palm, 212. See Aksatavata, Asvattha, Bakula, Bhandira, Caitya,
Chada, Kalamra, Karafija, Mandara, Nyagrodha, Palm, Parijata,
Pippala, Plaksaraja, Plants, Salmali, Sami, Samtanaka, Sudarsana,
Udumbara, Vegetal Divinities, Vibhitaka. Treta Age, 75, 183, 211,
217. Triad, 77. See Trimurti. Tridasa, gods, 55. Trident, of Siva, 220 f.
Tridiva, heaven, 78. Trijata, a Raksasi, 42. Trilokanatha,Trailoka,
epithets of Indra,60. Trimurti, trinity, late, 77, 88, 170; first triad is of
fires, 103 ; the form is one, the gods are three, 218; dualism before
trinitarianism , 94, 221, 223 f.; the Mother-goddess is mother of
Trimurti, 226; remarks on, 231. Trinity, see Trimurti. Tripada,
presumably a demon, killed by Skanda, 228. Tripura, town of
demons, destroyed by Siva, 50, 219, 221 f., 228. Trisanku, star-seer,
elevated to the sky by Visvamilra, 177, 183. Trisauparna, 179. See
Suparna. Trisiras, son of Tvastr, as Muni, 130 f., 162 ; son of Ravana,
43. See Tvastr and Visvarupa. Trismga, mountain, 11, 220. Trita, son
of Gautama, seer of Varuna, in Indra's train, 94, 120, 140, 181, 183.
Trnapa, a Gandharva, 153 Trnasomangiras, a Rsi of Yama, 116.
Truth, troth, 66, 109; best wealth of seers, 178; Brahman god of,
198. See Lie, Oath.
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268 INDEX. Tryambaka, Siva, 219 f.; a Rudra, 173.

Tumburu, musician of the gods, 59, 143, 153 f., 155 f., 163; as
Viradha, 195. Turvasu, son of Yadu, 187. Tusita gods, 186 f. ; Tusita
and Mahatusita, titles of Visnu, 218. Tvastadhara, son of Usanas,
179. See Dhara. Tvastr, an Aditya, 81 f. ; makes bolt and amogha
sakti, 122, 124, 194; weapon of, 123 ; father of Visvarupa Trisiras,
and of Rudras. 130 f., 173; curses Indra, 130; his gift to Skanda,
230. See Visvakarman, Visvarupa. Tvastri, daughter of Tvastr, mare-
consort of Vivasvat, 83 f., 85*f., 168. Twilight, divinity, see Samdhya.
Uccaihsravas, Ocean - born steed, 55, 125; from Surabhi's milk as
ocean, 200, 203. Ucchrnga, attendant of Skanda, 230. Udumbara,
tree and wood, 7, 92; as Visnu, 208. Ugra. son of Kavi, 178.
Ugrasena, king of Bhojas, 214; a Gandharva, 153. Ujjalaka (-janaka)
Tirtha, 182. Uktha, fire, 100; All-god, 174. Ulkamukha, son of Agni,
104. Ulmuka, fire-brand of Kirmira, 40; son of Balarama, 212. Ulupi,
a nixie, 26. Uma, wife of Siva, 5, 10, 135, 226; Rudram, 221 ; as
Aparna, 224; mothergoddes, 226; Mahadevi and Bhaga, 56; and Ila,
91; curses gods, 61, 142, 226; boons of, 41, 219, 225, 230;
aparajita, 102; daughter of Himavat, 179, 219 f.; epithets of, 225;
dis courses of, 69, 224; with Siva, 219 f., on bull, 223; makes third
eye, 226; paralyses Indra, 135, 225; younger sister of Ganges, 224;
as a Venus, 161, 225; intercedes for Usanas, 180; gives life to
Jambuka, 225; slays demons; weapons, snakes, peacock of, 224; as
Gaurl, etc. 220 f., 224 f.; as Kali, 76; Bhadrakali, 223, 225; Aditi,
Durga, 11 f., 76, 79, 159, 224; as Parvati, 224 f. ; as Vetala, 220,
note; as Svaha, 230; personal cha racteristics of, 219, 224; as sakti,
226. Umbara or Dumbara, aGandharva, 153. Umbrella, sign of
sovereignty, 79; divine origin of, 87; ofVaruna, 119; of Indra,. 122,
141. Umloca, an Apsaras, 160. Unicorn, see Ekasrnga. Unmada and
Unmatha, attendants of Skanda, 230. Unmucu, seer of the South,
116, 132. Upakrsnaka, see Krsna. Upamanyu, hymn of, 168.
Upanandaka, see Nanda. Uparicara, aviator, 22, 125; aided by gods,
68; holds festival of Indra, 126; pupil of Brhaspati, 181. Upasruti,