Dr B R Ambedkar National Institute of Technology, Jalandhar
B.Tech. (MAFC0102) Mathematics-II
Tutorial Sheet 03: Maxima-Minima
1. Find the linear approximation of the following functions at point P0 . Also, find the maximum
absolute error in this approximation.
(a) f (x, y) = 2x2 − xy + y 2 + 3x − 4y + 1 at P0 = (−1, 1) and R : |x + 1| < 0.1, |y − 1| < 0.1.
(b) f (x, y) = x2 − xy + 12 y 2 + 3 at P0 = (3, 2) and R : |x − 3| < 0.1, |y − 2| < 0.1.
2. Examine the following functions for local extrema and saddle points:
(a) xy − x2 − y 2 − 2x − 2y + 4
(b) x3 + y 3 − 3axy
(c) x2 y 2 − 5x2 − 8xy − 5y 2
(d) 2(x − y)2 − x4 − y 4
(e) y sin x
3. Find the absolute maximum and minimum values of the following functions f (x, y) in the closed
region R :
(a) f (x, y) = 2 + 2x + 2y − x2 − y 2 , R : triangular plate in the first quadrant bounded by
the lines x = 0, y = 0, y = 9 − x.
(b) f (x, y) = 3x2 + y 2 − x, R : 2x2 + y 2 ≤ 1.
4. Find the extrema of the following functions using the method of Lagrange multipliers:
(a) f (x, y) = 3x + 4y subject to the condition x2 + y 2 = 1.
(b) f (x, y, z) = xm y n z p subject to the condition x + y + z = a.
x2 y2
(c) f (x, y) = xy subject to the condition 8 + 2 = 1.
5. Find the shortest distance from the point (1, 2, −1) to the sphere x2 + y 2 + z 2 = 24.
6. The plane x + y + z = 1 cuts the cylinder x2 + y 2 = 1 in an ellipse. Find the points on the
ellipse that lie closest to and farthest from the origin.
p
7. Find the quadratic approximation of f (x, y) = 1 + 4x2 + y 2 at (1, 2) and use it to compute
the approximate value of f (1.1, 2.05).
